CN111533590A - Artificial peat and its preparation method - Google Patents
Artificial peat and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111533590A CN111533590A CN202010359123.XA CN202010359123A CN111533590A CN 111533590 A CN111533590 A CN 111533590A CN 202010359123 A CN202010359123 A CN 202010359123A CN 111533590 A CN111533590 A CN 111533590A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- artificial
- artificial peat
- reed
- fermentation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/06—Alkali and alkaline earth meta- or polyphosphate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial peat and a preparation method thereof, and the raw materials of the artificial peat comprise reed slag, rapeseed cake, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, urea and an organic material decomposing agent. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain the artificial peat. The artificial peat of the invention adopts reed residue, rapeseed cake and calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to carry out mutual coordination, and simultaneously uses urea as a nitrogen source to adjust the nitrogen-carbon ratio, uses an organic material decomposition agent to promote fermentation, replaces peat resources using natural peat as a raw material, has high commercial value and cost advantage, belongs to renewable resources, and meets the requirement of future substrate development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of peat preparation, relates to artificial peat and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to artificial peat which does not need natural peat as a raw material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Peat is a product of decomposition and transformation of dead wetland plant residues in an accumulated water reduction environment. The domestic peat is mainly formed by the deposition of herbaceous plant residues, is herbaceous peat, has high decomposition degree and rich nutrition, contains high organic matters and humic acid, but has heavy mud content, fibers are easy to rot, and the particle size is unstable. Peat imported from northern western europe, russia and canada is mainly formed by moss plant residues, is moss peat, is low in decomposition degree, is not easy to rot fibers, is stable in particle size, is lack of nutrition and does not contain humic acid. Peat is not only an excellent matrix material, but also a good soil conditioner, but the peat belongs to a non-renewable resource, and the mining action greatly damages the environment.
The agricultural land uses a large amount of chemical fertilizers for a long time, the phenomena of soil hardening, heavy metal pollution and the like are serious, under the condition, the matrix industry is rapidly developed, and the matrix seedling culture and cultivation have the advantages of environmental protection and can realize industrialized and intensive production. With the rapid rise of the matrix industry, the demand for peat is continuously increased, the exploitation of peat resources is overlarge in China, the resources are gradually exhausted, the exploitation is limited in the state at present, and the supply shortage and the price of the domestic peat are soaring. And the imported peat has long transport distance, high price and high cost, and is difficult to accept in the market.
Currently, the market demand for peat is commonly derived from natural peat, such as peat herbaceous and moss. The artificial turf is prepared by mixing cow dung with a conditioner, wherein the water content of the cow dung is 60-70%, the conditioner consists of wheat straws or flax stems, calcium superphosphate and raw soil, the wheat straws or flax stems account for 15-25% of the volume of the cow dung, the calcium superphosphate accounts for 0.3-0.5% of the volume of the cow dung, and the raw soil accounts for 1.2-1.5% of the volume of the cow dung. However, the cow dung has high water content and bad smell, and is restricted by the factors of goods source, region, environmental protection, transportation and the like, so that the technique is difficult to popularize and implement in large quantity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the artificial peat which does not need to adopt natural peat raw materials and has the advantages of rich nutrition, non-rotten fiber and multiple regenerability and the preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
An artificial peat is prepared from reed dregs, rapeseed cake, calcium-magnesium-phosphorus, urea and organic material decomposing agent in a proportion of 1.0m3～1.2m3∶2.0kg～3.5kg∶1.0kg～2.0kg∶0.2kg～0.5kg∶0.1kg～0.2kg。
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the artificial peat is controlled to be 42-45.
Preferably, the artificial peat is waste reed dregs generated in the paper industry.
As a general technical concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the artificial peat, which is mainly characterized in that all raw materials are uniformly mixed and then are subjected to oxygen-consuming fermentation and anaerobic fermentation to prepare the artificial peat.
The preparation method of the artificial peat preferably comprises the following steps:
(1) adding urea into the reed residue stack according to the proportion, wherein the urea is added onto the reed residue stack in a dry scattering manner;
(2) adding calcium, magnesium and phosphorus according to the proportion, wherein the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus are added to the reed slag stack in a dry scattering manner;
(3) respectively weighing the rapeseed cakes and the organic material decomposing inoculant according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes and the organic material decomposing inoculant, spreading the mixture on a reed residue stack, uniformly mixing the mixture and stacking the mixture into a stack with the height of 1-1.5 meters and the width of 2.2-2.6 meters for oxygen-consuming fermentation, and ending the oxygen-consuming fermentation when the temperature of the stack is reduced to no longer rise;
(4) after the oxygen-consuming fermentation is finished, anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 30-90 days to obtain the artificial peat.
In the above method for preparing artificial peat, preferably, during the oxygen-consuming fermentation in step (3), when the temperature of the windrow is raised to above 55 ℃, the windrow is turned for the first time, and then turned for every 3 to 4 days until the temperature of the windrow is lowered to no longer rise.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the artificial peat of the invention mainly adopts reed residue, rapeseed cake and calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to carry out mutual coordination, and simultaneously uses urea as a main nitrogen source to adjust the nitrogen-carbon ratio, uses an organic material decomposing agent to promote fermentation, replaces peat resources taking natural peat as a raw material, has high commercial value and cost advantage, belongs to renewable resources, and meets the requirements of the development of the future substrate.
In the existing peat resources at home and abroad, the peat accounts for a relatively large proportion, although the peat produced at home has relatively rich nutrition, the peat is heavy in mud, the fiber is easy to decay, the particle size is unstable, and the imported peat lacks nutrition, so that the peat and the peat have defects. No matter domestic peat or imported peat, natural peat is adopted as a raw material, belongs to non-renewable resources of wetlands, and currently, domestic peat mining adopts protection and restriction measures, so that the peat mining method has great limitation. The artificial peat of the present invention has the advantages of both domestic peat and imported peat, contains rich nutrients, humic acid, amino acid and stable fiber grain size structure, can safely replace natural peat, and is used as a main raw material for substrate production.
2. The invention uses the vegetable cake and calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to prepare the artificial peat for the raw material of the matrix production, and is mainly based on the following technical key points and innovative ideas:
(1) the vegetable cake not only has high content of organic matters and total nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, wherein the nitrogen content is up to more than 5.0 percent, but also is rich in fatty acid and crude protein. Because of the high nitrogen content in the rapeseed cake, the usage amount of urea can be greatly reduced when the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted, thereby reducing the volatilization of ammonia, the loss of nitrogen and the adverse effect of the atmospheric environment in the fermentation process, and simultaneously having a relevant key effect on the pH control of the fermentation product. The applicant finds that the artificial peat can utilize the characteristic that the rape seed cake is rich in fatty acid, the fatty acid in the rape seed cake is plant fatty acid and has unsaturation, the unsaturated fatty acid can improve the cold resistance of crops and can obviously reduce the population density of root-knot nematodes to play a role in preventing clubroot of the crops, the artificial peat can also effectively utilize the characteristic that the rape seed cake is rich in crude protein, the crude protein in the rape seed cake is converted into water-soluble amino acid through enzymolysis and fermentation in the fermentation process, and the water-soluble amino acid has the functions of improving the resistance of the crops and promoting the growth, and the design ideas and the technologies are difficult to think by those skilled in the art.
(2) The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is used, not only three nutrient elements of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium are supplemented, but also the economic value factor is considered, in the prior art, the skilled person usually only considers supplementing the phosphorus element, and the fermentation product is alkaline due to the fact that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25-30 in the common fermentation process, so the skilled person only considers using the calcium superphosphate.
3. The method preferably selects waste reed residues produced in the paper industry as raw materials, has very high fiber content, combines common rapeseed cakes which cannot be adopted in the prior fermentation technology, also combines calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and urea, takes the urea as a nitrogen source to adjust the nitrogen-carbon ratio to 42-45, and rapidly ferments under the action of beneficial microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, baker's yeast, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, actinomycetes and the like in the organic material decomposing agent. The fiber of the reed residue is decomposed and softened by the action of the microorganism and is converted into organic matters and humic acid which can be absorbed by the plant, the protein in the vegetable cake is converted into free amino acid by enzymolysis and fermentation, and the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium-magnesium-phosphorus in the vegetable cake are complexed with the humic acid under the action of the microorganism to be changed into organic complex ions which can be absorbed by the plant and have the functions of promoting the growth of the plant and improving the resistance of the plant. After oxygen-consuming fermentation and then piling up into a large pile for anaerobic fermentation, an ideal effect can be obtained. The waste reed slag in the paper industry is recycled, circulated and reused, and waste is changed into valuable, so that great economic benefit is created for enterprises, and good environmental and ecological benefit and social benefit are brought.
4. In the prior art, fermentation requires that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be 25-30, a large amount of nitrogen is lost in the fermentation process, and the lost nitrogen is volatilized into the atmospheric environment in the form of ammonia gas to pollute the environment; on the other hand, the fermentation product has heavy ammonia smell, the Ec value (salt content) is more than 4000 mus/cm, the pH value is more than 8, and the particle size structure is influenced due to the full decay of the fiber, if the fiber is used as a substrate raw material, the ammonia poisoning and the salinization of plants are caused, the air permeability of the substrate is poor, and the plant growth is influenced, so the fermentation product in the prior art is only suitable for being used as an organic fertilizer. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the invention is controlled at 42-45, the loss of nitrogen in the fermentation process is negligible, the influence on the atmospheric environment is very small, the fermentation product is soft and breathable, the grain size structure is good, ammonia smell is avoided, the Ec value (salt content) is less than or equal to 1000 mus/cm, the pH value is 6.5-7.0, the fermentation product leaching liquor is subjected to a seed germination rate test, the seed Germination Index (GI) is more than or equal to 92%, and the fermentation product serving as a substrate raw material has excellent performance, safety and reliability.
5. The cost price of the artificial peat prepared by the invention is 1/2 of the purchase price of domestic peat and 1/3 of the purchase price of imported peat, has great significance for reducing the production cost of the matrix and improving the quality, and can create considerable economic benefit for matrix production enterprises.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention. The materials and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1:
the artificial peat is prepared from reed slag, rape seed cake, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, urea and an organic material decomposing agent according to the schemes shown in T1, T2, T3 and T4 in Table 1.
In the embodiment, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the artificial peat is controlled to be 42-45.
The preparation method of the artificial peat comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in table 1, 15 tons (37.5 square) of reed slag to be treated are respectively weighed and stacked in a subarea way, and are marked as T1, T2, T3 and T4, urea is respectively added according to the mixture ratio, and the urea is added to the stacks in a dry scattering way because the moisture content of the material per se reaches 50-60 percent;
(2) respectively adding calcium, magnesium and phosphorus according to the proportion, and adding the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus onto the stack in a dry scattering manner;
(3) the method comprises the steps of weighing the rapeseed cakes and the organic material decomposing agents (trade names are strains in table 1) according to a ratio, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes and the organic material decomposing agents, spreading the mixture on a stack of reed residues, uniformly mixing the mixture by using a forklift, stacking the mixture into stacks with the height of 1-1.5 meters and the width of 2.2-2.6 meters for fermentation, covering the stacks by using a film or a straw mat when the temperature in winter is low, and uncovering the film when the internal temperature reaches about 25 ℃. And (3) starting to turn the stack for the first time by using a turner when the temperature rises to be above 55 ℃, turning the stack for the first time every 3 days later, and ending the oxygen-consuming fermentation when the stacking temperature is reduced and does not return.
(4) After the oxygen-consuming fermentation is finished, piling T1, T2, T3 and T4 into a large pile by using a forklift respectively to perform an anaerobic fermentation process, and obtaining the artificial peat after 30 days of anaerobic fermentation. Respectively extracting T1, T2, T3 and T4 samples, and comparing with northeast peat and imported peat to perform various physicochemical detection and vegetable seedling and vegetable cultivation tests.
Table 1 formula of 4 kinds of artificial peat raw materials of example 1
Note:
a. the reed slag after the original ecology and the papermaking are both non-compressed parties, and the non-compressed parties are calculated by 2.5 parties/ton;
b. adding urea according to the amount of 0.2-0.5 kg/square respectively;
c. adding the vegetable cake according to the amount of 2-3.5 kg/square respectively;
d. the calcium, the magnesium and the phosphorus are respectively added according to the amount of 1 kg/square to 2 kg/square;
e. adding the strain according to the use specification and the amount of 5-10 fermentation formulas per kilogram.
Experimental observation and summary:
(1) monitoring the fermentation temperature every day, and directing to turn the pile in time;
(2) sampling and detecting the pH value and the Ec value respectively on the 5 th day, the 10 th day and the 15 th day after the timing is started from the first pile turning;
(3) sampling after 30 days of anaerobic fermentation, and synchronously detecting the pH value, the Ec value, the grain diameter (less than 1mm content), organic matter, humic acid, volume weight and quick-acting N, P, K content with domestic peat and imported peat samples;
(4) sampling, comparing with domestic peat and imported peat, sieving with 8mm sieve, and performing single vegetable seedling comparison test on 0-8mm material, wherein the seedling is floating seedling, and the tested variety is Korean pakchoi; and (3) carrying out a monomer vegetable cultivation contrast experiment on the material with the thickness of more than 8mm, wherein the cultivation mode is potting, and the tested variety is purple cabbage.
TABLE 2 comparison table of physicochemical indexes of the artificial peat of the present invention and the existing imported peat and domestic peat
As can be seen from Table 2, the average value of the organic matter content of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 67.3 percent, which is 24.2 percent higher than that of domestic peat and 0.1 percent higher than that of imported peat, so that the organic matter content of the imported peat is reached, and the organic matter content of the imported peat is high; the average value of the humic acid contents of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 29.4 percent, which is 29.4 percent higher than that of imported peat and 2.7 percent lower than that of domestic peat, is close to the humic acid content level of the domestic peat, and has the characteristic of high humic acid content; the pH average level of T1, T2, T3, T4 is 6.5, 2.2 higher than imported peat, 0.2 lower than domestic peat, close to domestic peat pH level, just within the pH range of 5.5-7.0 for suitable plant growth, whereas imported peat when used as a substrate production feedstock requires artificial pH adjustment to the appropriate range. The Ec values of T1, T2, T3 and T4 are 721.25 mu s/cm on average, 605.25 mu s/cm higher than imported peat and 396.25 mu s/cm higher than domestic peat, and the Ec values of T1, T2, T3 and T4 are higher than that of the imported peat and the domestic peat, which shows that the total nutrient content of N, P, K in T1, T2, T3 and T4 is higher, and the fertilizer shortage phenomenon that seedling leaves turn yellow in the using process, particularly the seedling raising process, does not appear like the imported peat. In addition, the Ec values of T1, T2, T3 and T4 are less than or equal to 1000 mu s/cm, meet the requirements of raw materials for matrix production and are safer to use. The average value of the quick-acting nitrogen contents of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 1267.75mg/kg, which is 24.75mg/kg higher than that of domestic peat and 1010.75mg/kg higher than that of imported peat; the average value of effective phosphorus content of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 781.25mg/kg, 157.25mg/kg higher than that of domestic peat and 658.25mg/kg higher than that of imported peat; the average value of effective potassium contents of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 806.5mg/kg, which is 93.5mg/kg higher than that of domestic peat and 637.5mg/kg higher than that of imported peat; the dry volume weight average value of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 73kg/m3, the weight is 5kg/m3 compared with imported peat and is 83kg/m3 lighter than domestic peat, the volume weight of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is close to that of the imported peat, and the weight is light; the average value of the volume percentage of the grain diameters (less than 1mm) of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 27.8 percent, which is 1 percent lower than imported peat and 31 percent lower than domestic peat, and shows that the content of T1, T2, T3 and T4 powder is less, and the grain diameter structure is stable and is not easy to break in the production and processing process.
In conclusion, the artificial peat of the invention has the characteristics of high organic matter content, light weight, difficult breakage of grain diameter and stable structure of imported peat, has the characteristics of high humic acid content, high quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and suitability for pH environment of plant growth, integrates the advantages of the two into a whole, improves the advantages and avoids the disadvantages, and particularly, the artificial peat of the invention does not need to adopt natural peat raw materials and is a good renewable raw material for producing substrates.
Effect test:
the artificial peat in this example was sampled and compared with domestic peat and imported peat, and a comparison test of single (i.e. all peat as substrate) vegetable seedling was carried out, floating seedling was used as seedling, and the tested variety was Korean pakchoi, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 3 comparison of vegetable seedling effect between the artificial peat of the present invention and the conventional imported peat and domestic peat
As can be seen from the above table, the average rate of emergence of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 97.5%, which is 1.5% higher than imported peat and 3.5% higher than domestic peat; the average plant height of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 14.525cm, 5.625cm higher than imported peat and 3.925cm higher than domestic peat; the average stem thickness is 3.35mm, which is 1.45mm thicker than imported peat and 0.45mm thicker than domestic peat; the average value of the leaf width is 6.025cm, the leaf width is 2.925cm wider than the imported peat and 1.625cm wider than the domestic peat; the average value of the fresh weight of the overground part is 9.1025g, 7.7125g than imported peat and 4.7325g than domestic peat; the average dry weight of the overground part is 1.925g, 1.631g more than imported peat and 0.999g more than domestic peat; the average fresh weight of underground parts is 1.1925g, 0.1825g than imported peat and 0.1525g than domestic peat; the average dry weight of underground part is 0.13575g, 0.02175g than imported peat and 0.01675g than domestic peat. In conclusion, the seedling raising effect of the artificial peat with the grain size of 0-8mm as the raw material of the seedling raising substrate is better than that of imported peat and domestic peat.
In the embodiment, the artificial peat is sampled and compared with the existing domestic peat and imported peat, a single-body (namely, the matrix is all peat) vegetable cultivation test is carried out, the influence of the economic characters and the yield of the purple cabbage cultivation is compared, the cultivation mode is potting, the tested variety is purple cabbage, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 4 comparison table of the influence of artificial peat and imported peat and domestic peat on economic characters and yield of purple cabbage cultivation
According to statistics of the table, the average plant heights of T1, T2, T3 and T4 are 22.625cm, 4.025cm higher than imported peat and 1.725cm higher than domestic peat; the average value of the leaf length is 20.525cm, which is 2.725cm longer than imported peat and 2.225cm longer than domestic peat; the average value of the leaf width is 9.725cm, the leaf width is 1.025cm wider than imported peat and 0.625cm wider than domestic peat; the average value of the complete leaf number is 7.425 pieces, which is 2.025 pieces more than imported peat and 1.125 pieces more than domestic peat; the average stem thickness is 6.875mm, which is 1.275mm thicker than imported peat and 0.775mm thicker than domestic peat; the average fresh weight of each plant is 4.155kg, which is 0.415kg heavier than imported peat and 0.205kg heavier than domestic peat; the average value of potted plant production of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is 37.775kg, which is 4.675kg heavier than imported peat and 3.275kg heavier than domestic peat. In conclusion, the artificial peat with the grain diameter larger than 8mm is better than imported peat and domestic peat in cultivation effect when used as a raw material of a cultivation medium.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The artificial peat is characterized by mainly being prepared from reed slag, rapeseed cake, calcium magnesium phosphate, urea and an organic material decomposing agent, wherein the proportion of the reed slag, the rapeseed cake, the calcium magnesium phosphate, the urea and the organic material decomposing agent is 1.0m3～1.2m3∶2.0kg～3.5kg∶1.0kg～2.0kg∶0.2kg～0.5kg∶0.1kg～0.2kg。
2. The artificial peat according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the artificial peat is controlled to 42-45.
3. The artificial peat according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the reed residue is waste reed residue from the paper industry.
4. A method for preparing the artificial peat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the artificial peat is prepared by mixing all raw materials uniformly and then carrying out oxygen-consuming fermentation and anaerobic fermentation.
5. The process for preparing artificial peat according to claim 4, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) adding urea into the reed residue stack according to the proportion, wherein the urea is added onto the reed residue stack in a dry scattering manner;
(2) adding calcium, magnesium and phosphorus according to the proportion, wherein the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus are added to the reed slag stack in a dry scattering manner;
(3) respectively weighing the rapeseed cakes and the organic material decomposing inoculant according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes and the organic material decomposing inoculant, spreading the mixture on a reed residue stack, uniformly mixing the mixture and stacking the mixture into a stack with the height of 1-1.5 meters and the width of 2.2-2.6 meters for oxygen-consuming fermentation, and ending the oxygen-consuming fermentation when the temperature of the stack is reduced to no longer rise;
(4) after the oxygen-consuming fermentation is finished, anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 30-90 days to obtain the artificial peat.
6. The method for preparing artificial peat according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3) of performing aerobic fermentation, when the temperature of the windrow is raised to above 55 ℃, the windrow is turned for the first time, and then turned for every 3 to 4 days until the temperature of the windrow is lowered to no longer rise.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010359123.XA CN111533590A (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2020-04-29 | Artificial peat and its preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010359123.XA CN111533590A (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2020-04-29 | Artificial peat and its preparation method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111533590A true CN111533590A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
Family
ID=71977439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010359123.XA Pending CN111533590A (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2020-04-29 | Artificial peat and its preparation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111533590A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103626586A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Vegetable and fruit biological activity seedling culture matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103992185A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-20 | 湖南治鑫环保科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly lightweight nutrition matrix for soilless cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN104150990A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | Preparation method of environmental protection plant matrix |
| CN105613243A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-06-01 | 中山市承铭农业技术开发有限公司 | Crop straw based culture medium and making method thereof |
| CN108739253A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南省湘晖农业技术开发有限公司 | Slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation method and application |
| CN109279934A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | 邱立新 | A kind of high fertilizing top soil of bio-waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN110506605A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-29 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of horticulture ground substance leavening and fermentation process |
-
2020
- 2020-04-29 CN CN202010359123.XA patent/CN111533590A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103626586A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Vegetable and fruit biological activity seedling culture matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103992185A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-20 | 湖南治鑫环保科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly lightweight nutrition matrix for soilless cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN104150990A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | Preparation method of environmental protection plant matrix |
| CN105613243A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-06-01 | 中山市承铭农业技术开发有限公司 | Crop straw based culture medium and making method thereof |
| CN109279934A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | 邱立新 | A kind of high fertilizing top soil of bio-waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN108739253A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南省湘晖农业技术开发有限公司 | Slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation method and application |
| CN110506605A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-29 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of horticulture ground substance leavening and fermentation process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 寿伟松等: "育苗基质对葫芦幼苗的影响", 《浙江农业科学》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101811911B (en) | Matrix produced by using vinegar residue for greening and production process thereof | |
| CN102408280B (en) | High-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation, as well as preparation and application thereof | |
| CN103704111B (en) | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105272421B (en) | Agricultural culture medium and production method and application thereof | |
| CN101709011A (en) | Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for root-promoting type jujube trees and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101805213A (en) | Organic fertilizer produced by vinegar residue and production process thereof | |
| CN112125750A (en) | Method for preparing organic fertilizer for rice by combined composting of kitchen waste and sawdust | |
| CN102584370B (en) | Technology for preparing bio-fertilizer from garbage | |
| CN109835881B (en) | Modified biochar, biochar-based organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN102936159B (en) | Method for producing compost by using beer production waste | |
| CN110506605B (en) | Horticultural substrate fermentation agent and fermentation method | |
| CN102531712A (en) | Disease control seedling raising medium produced by using vinegar residue and production method for disease control seedling raising medium | |
| CN109824459A (en) | A kind of corn fertilizer special for organic and its preparation method and application | |
| CN112898059A (en) | Chicken manure and straw mixed fermentation bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110663503A (en) | Rice seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112794779A (en) | Olive pomace microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111233579A (en) | Method for improving acid soil by carbon methane | |
| CN111925245A (en) | Process for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using diaper co-fermented biomass | |
| CN105503295A (en) | Special culture medium for blueberry and production process thereof | |
| CN105272420A (en) | Organic fertilizer containing blue algae and preparing method of organic fertilizer | |
| CN101139226A (en) | Sugar peaty fertilizer prepared by sugar-production wine-production waste and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102584405A (en) | Rice seedling raising matrix prepared from vinegar residues and production method for matrix | |
| CN112876299A (en) | Straw rapid degradation microbial inoculum composition and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104058871A (en) | Vegetable seedling raising matrix taking water hyacinth residues as main part and preparation method of vegetable seedling raising matrix | |
| CN111518840A (en) | Process for high yield of humic acid by straw aerobic solid state fermentation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200814 |