CN108739148A - The cultural method of winter wheat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the cultural methods of winter wheat, including：Seed treatment：After being dried to full, clean seed, dress seed；Site preparation and fertilising：One or both of insecticide, anti-careless agent are added in ground surface soil, and treat sowing plot carry out it is shallow turn over deep ploughing, then apply fertilizer；Sowing：Mid-September to mid-October is sowed, and overwintering water is poured after emergence；Field management：Wheat seeding by it is grayish green switch to light green when pour turn green water and top dressing；Harvest：It pinches when seed can not carve nail trace and harvests in golden yellow, with nail when straw and upper blade.The present processes Winter Wheat Planted is significantly increased compared to common implantation methods in per mu yield, grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel.

Description

The cultural method of winter wheat

Technical field

The present invention relates to wheat growing technique fields, and in particular to the cultural method of winter wheat.

Background technology

Shannan District of Tibet Autonomous Region is the place of origin of Tibetan, and 3600 meters or so of mean sea level is the most important grain and oil kind in Tibet Phytyl, Main Cultivation crop has the crops such as Winter-Spring highland barley, Winter-spring wheat, rape and silkworm pea, especially with highland barley and wheat flour Product is maximum.It has become a big advantage production of Shannan Prefecture major grain producing area production development especially after winter wheat successful introduction Industry.Long-term sown area and total output account for whole district cereal crops 25% and 30% respectively.With my area's grain, oil, meat it is substantially self-supporting, Strategy to develop western regions process is implemented in full entering, my area's wheat can neither meet people's life and increasingly carry because of poor quality Consumption demand after height, and lack the market competitiveness, further development and the farmers' income of agricultural production have seriously been hampered Increase.

The conditions such as the geography in Tibet, ecology and weather are special, and requirement of the different zones to winter wheat variety differs greatly, grain Raise wheat new product that is particularly thorny, therefore cultivating and promote the high yield and high quality, middle high bar army provisions dual-purpose that adapt to different ecological region Kind is the key subjects put in face of breeding R&D institution and popularizing department.The Shannan District of Tibet Autonomous Region institute of agricultural sciences is by for many years The New Winter Wheat Variety mountain winter 7 for adapting to the medium above farming and pastoral area plantation of High aititude, fertilizer and water condition has been cultivated in unremitting effort Number.With the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, wheat quality is improved energetically in Tibet, wheat yield is improved, accelerates good quality wheat It cultivates, it appears very necessary.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods of winter wheat, and it is disease-resistant to solve some existing wheat breed drought resistings Poor performance and the low problem of per unit area yield.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：

A kind of cultural method of winter wheat, including：

Seed treatment：After being dried to full, clean seed, dress seed；

Site preparation and fertilising：One or both of insecticide, anti-careless agent are added in ground surface soil, and it is shallow to treat the progress of sowing plot Deep ploughing is turned over, is then applied fertilizer；

Sowing：Mid-September to mid-October is sowed, and overwintering water is poured after emergence；

Field management：Wheat seeding by it is grayish green switch to light green when pour turn green water and top dressing；

Harvest：It pinches when seed can not carve nail trace and harvests in golden yellow, with nail when straw and upper blade.

The present processes can be adapted for any winter wheat, be with plateau winter wheat variety " mountain winter No. 7 " in the application Example.

" mountain winter No. 7 " New Winter Wheat Variety is formed by the selection and breeding of the Shannan Prefecture institute of agricultural sciences, which has in Tibet plateau It is adaptable, volume increase is apparent etc., and advantages, yield and quality can match in excellence or beauty with winter wheat variety " mountain winter No. 6 " is promoted mainly at present, yield Averagely increase production 11.2% than " mountain winter No. 6 ", belongs to cake wheat breed.

" mountain winter No. 7 " is Shannan Prefecture institute of agricultural sciences New Winter Wheat Variety made of the selection and breeding of 11 years.It 1994, uses OKapi makees female parent and makees paternal hybrid with 907（Primary number is WF13-00）；Because the strain character is stablized, the product of arriving are promoted within 1998 It is comparative test；2000-2002 participates in whole district's regional experiment of variety, and yield occupies strain first of participating in the experiment, and average yield per mu reaches 372.36 kilograms, than check variety fertilizer wheat volume increase 33.77%；2002-2004 years produce in the whole district and demonstrate, and average yield per mu reaches 296.5 kilograms, wheat variety volume increase more fertile than control 15.6%；2005 through the Crop breed audit committee of Tibet Autonomous Region the tenth Authorization passes through in meeting three times, and is named as " mountain winter No. 7 ".

" mountain winter No. 7 " kind category winter habit middle-late ripening variety, 289--295 days breeding time.The kind tillering ability is strong, the percentage of earbearing tiller It is high.Seedling partly crawls, dark green leaf color, and no awns is clever in vain, Bai Li, and spike length square, plant type is compact, 111.7-136.8cm of plant height, fringe Long 8.1-10.2cm, grain number per spike 40.87--46.96,50.4-53.3 grams of mass of 1000 kernel.The kind and the fertile wheat same period are ripe, green Color is overwintering, falls Huang Jia, and army provisions have both, and yield averagely increases production 19.4% than fertile wheat, and kind " mountain winter No. 6 " of promoting mainly more current than Tibet is put down Increase production 11.2%.It is 9.8% through grain quality supervision and inspection inspection center of Ministry of Agriculture attributional analysis gross protein value, wet gluten Content is 23.6%, sedimentation value 30ml, belongs to cake wheat breed, is suitble to spit the making of cake, pancake.

Preferably, the drying step is to seed be exposed to the sun 2-3 days.

Preferably, in the seed dressing step, the amount of medicament used in double centner of often dressing seed is：Good fortune seed coat agent is defended with 40% 0.35-0.4 kilograms be watered 1.4-1.6 kilograms, with 6% Garrick become rusty 0.2-0.25 kilograms be watered 2.0-2.5 kilograms or with 15% powder rust Peaceful 0.3 kilogram of seed coat agent is watered 2.5 kilograms.

Preferably, the insecticide is that ground worm is killed star, sand and water according to weight ratio 1.5-2.5：20-30：2-4 It obtains after evenly mixing, uses 23.5-36.5 kilograms of insecticide per acre.

Preferably, the anti-careless agent is by oat fruit and water by weight 0.25-0.3：2.5-4 is mixed, per acre With anti-careless 2.75-4.3 kilograms of agent.

Preferably, when the field management, 50 kilograms of bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution, the bromine cyanogen polyester water are applied per acre The volumetric concentration of solution is 3-5%.

Preferably, the fertilising includes organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is to apply farm manure 2000-2500 per acre Kilogram；The chemical fertilizer is to apply 10-17 kilograms of urea, 8-13 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride per acre according to target output 3.8-5 kilogram.

Preferably, before dressing seed to seed, first 6-9 is impregnated in the humic aqueous acid that mass fraction is 1-3% Hour, 20-30 degrees Celsius of water temperature.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are at least one of following：

According to Tibet plateau wheat breed produce reality, Mid-late ripening Winter Wheat Variety Breeding target and technical flow are targetedly drafted Journey, 1994 using introduce the high yield that winter wheat variety evaluation and screening goes out, Resistant germplasm material be it is maternal with middle high bar, it is wide it is suitable, High yield resource material 907 is that male parent is hybridized, by offspring's evaluation and screening for years and production adaptability qualification test choosing No. 7 New Winter Wheat Varieties of mountain winter made of educating.

（1）The eurytopicity High-yielding Winter Wheat product of Tibet region large scale application are taken full advantage of during breed breeding Kind characteristic, selects good resource to be hybridized, changes previous breeding utilization genetic resources narrow scope first, be actively utilized Foreign gene or intermediate materials are as winter wheat variety modified parent.To not only enrich New Winter Wheat Variety selection and breeding parent's profit With range and favorable genes library, Hybridization levels are improved, also improve yield potential and accommodation.

（2）In No. 7 Breeding Process of mountain winter, selection and breeding are actively carried out in the way of the breeding of multiple gene polymerization, are finally cultivated The kind in garden has accumulated the favorable genes such as Mid-late ripening, high yield, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, improves eurytopicity and high yield in plateau agriculture district Property.

（3）No. 7 New Winter Wheat Varieties of mountain winter are army provisions Jian Gu Xing, meet Tibet river valley agriculture district plantation demand, not only increase Grain yield, solves the insufficient problem of forage grass to a certain extent.

（4）Breed breeding is with clearly defined objective, is that emphasis development is fixed mainly for Tibet river valley agriculture district high yield and high quality army provisions dual-purpose To cultivation.

（5）In this kind Breeding Process, multiple years annidation and yield potentiality identification, and production are actively developed Property demonstration

（6）The present processes Winter Wheat Planted has compared to common implantation methods in per mu yield, grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel It significantly improves.

Specific implementation mode

In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1：

A kind of cultural method of winter wheat is present embodiments provided, including：

Seed treatment：Full, clean seed be exposed to the sun 2 days, is dressed seed, in the seed dressing step, often seed dressing 100,000 The amount of medicament used in gram is：0.35 kilogram of good fortune seed coat agent is defended with 40% be watered 1.4 kilogram of+6% Garrick and become rusty 0.2 kilogram be watered 2.0 thousand Gram 0.3 kilogram of+15% triadimefon seed coat agent is watered 2.5 kilograms；

Site preparation and fertilising：Insecticide and anti-careless agent are added in ground surface soil, and treat sowing plot carry out it is shallow turn over deep ploughing, then apply Fertilizer；The insecticide is that ground worm is killed star, sand and water according to weight ratio 1.5：30：2 obtain after evenly mixing, use desinsection per acre 23.5 kilograms of agent；The anti-careless agent is by oat fruit and water by weight 0.25：2.5 mixing, per acre with anti-careless agent 2.75 thousand Gram；

Sowing：Mid-September is sowed, and overwintering water is poured after emergence；

Field management：Wheat seeding by it is grayish green switch to light green when pour water of turning green, while applying 50 kilograms of bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution, institute per acre The volumetric concentration for stating bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution is 3%；And it is to apply agriculture per acre to apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the organic fertilizer thereto 2000 kilograms of family's fertilizer；The chemical fertilizer is to apply 10 kilograms of urea, 8 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride per acre according to target output 3.8 kilogram；

Harvest：It pinches when seed can not carve nail trace and harvests in golden yellow, with nail when straw and upper blade.

Embodiment 2：

A kind of cultural method of winter wheat is present embodiments provided, including：

Seed treatment：Full, clean seed be exposed to the sun 3 days, is dressed seed, in the seed dressing step, often seed dressing 100,000 The amount of medicament used in gram is：0.4 kilogram of good fortune seed coat agent is defended with 40% be watered 1.6 kilogram of+6% Garrick and become rusty 0.25 kilogram be watered 2.5 thousand Gram 0.3 kilogram of+15% triadimefon seed coat agent is watered 2.5 kilograms；

Site preparation and fertilising：Insecticide and anti-careless agent are added in ground surface soil, and treat sowing plot carry out it is shallow turn over deep ploughing, then apply Fertilizer；The insecticide is that ground worm is killed star, sand and water according to weight ratio 2.5：20：4 obtain after evenly mixing, per acre with killing 36.5 kilograms of worm agent；The anti-careless agent is by oat fruit and water by weight 0.3：4 mixing, per acre with anti-careless agent 4.3 thousand Gram；

Sowing：Mid-October is sowed, and overwintering water is poured after emergence；

Field management：Wheat seeding by it is grayish green switch to light green when pour water of turning green, while applying 50 kilograms of bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution, institute per acre The volumetric concentration for stating bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution is 5%；And it is to apply agriculture per acre to apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the organic fertilizer thereto 2500 kilograms of family's fertilizer；The chemical fertilizer is to apply 17 kilograms of urea, 13 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride per acre according to target output 5 kilograms；

Harvest：It pinches when seed can not carve nail trace and harvests in golden yellow, with nail when straw and upper blade.

Embodiment 3：

A kind of cultural method of winter wheat is present embodiments provided, including：

Seed treatment：Full, clean seed be exposed to the sun 2.5 days, is first 1-3%, water temperature 20- in mass fraction by seed It impregnates 6-9 hours in 30 degrees Celsius of humic aqueous acid, then dresses seed, in the seed dressing step, double centner of often dressing seed The amount of medicament used is：0.37 kilogram of good fortune seed coat agent is defended with 40% be watered 1.5 kilogram of+6% Garrick and become rusty 0.23 kilogram be watered 2.25 thousand Gram；

Site preparation and fertilising：Insecticide and anti-careless agent are added in ground surface soil, and treat sowing plot carry out it is shallow turn over deep ploughing, then apply Fertilizer；The insecticide is that ground worm is killed star, sand and water according to weight ratio 2：25：3 obtain after evenly mixing, use insecticide per acre 3. kilogram；The anti-careless agent is by oat fruit and water by weight 0.27：3.3 mixing, per acre with anti-careless 3.5 kilograms of agent；

Sowing：The beginning of October is sowed, and overwintering water is poured after emergence；

Field management：Wheat seeding by it is grayish green switch to light green when pour water of turning green, while applying 50 kilograms of bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution, institute per acre The volumetric concentration for stating bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution is 4%；And it is to apply agriculture per acre to apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the organic fertilizer thereto 2300 kilograms of family's fertilizer；The chemical fertilizer is to apply 14 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride per acre according to target output 4.3 kilogram；

Harvest：It pinches when seed can not carve nail trace and harvests in golden yellow, with nail when straw and upper blade.

The plantation main points of No. 7 winter wheat of mountain winter：

1, the altitude ranges of suitable planting.

The kind is suitable for height above sea level in 2700-3800 meters of plateaus river valley agriculture district, the better-than-average field plantation of fertility.

2, suitable date of seeding and the amount of broadcasting.

The kind date of seeding, is same as fertile wheat, and generally in mid-September, sowing is advisable the agriculture district that 2700-3600 meters of height above sea level；Height above sea level Generally in early October, sowing is advisable 3600-3800 meters of agriculture district；14-17 kilograms of the amount of broadcasting of mu.

3, Cultural technique.

First, seed treatment is strictly carried out before broadcasting, and carried out seed pelleting with " Wei Fu ", " Garrick rust ", prevented bunt The seed-borne diseases such as disease.

Second, it to apply fertilizers scientifically, 2000 kilograms or more per acre of farm manure dosage, 22-35 kilograms to fertilize of mu.

Third, to enhance field management aspect, the kind it is resistance to fertilizer, intolerant to lean, intolerant to waterlogging, be suitable for better-than-average rich water field Plantation.On the basis of using sufficient base fertilizer, the spring pours water of turning green in time when giving birth to a leaf；Watering mu is combined to impose 10-15 kilograms when jointing Urea promotees strong sprout.It is watered with heading, grouting, wheat yellow water and pulls out weeds in field in time.

4th, it to harvest in due course.When straw and upper blade are in golden yellow, seed is in the cured ripe later stage i.e. with nail pinch seed Grain can not carve nail trace, should gather in time at this time, threshing, drying；Harvest too late, easily falls grain, mildew and rot, Spike sprouting etc. Phenomenon causes yield and quality to decline.

Plot selects：

Select middle fertility, irrigation conditions preferable, preceding stubble is the plot of the crops such as highland barley, rape, potato, beans, green manure. " mountain winter No. 7 " winter wheat is never planted on clay suitable for the farmland planting low in sandy loam, level of ground water.

Soil treatment：

1. subterranean pest-insect chemical control：

Land used worm kills 1.5-2.5 kilograms of star per acre, mixes 20-30 kilograms of fine sand soil, is watered 2-4 kilograms, after evenly mixing, is sprinkling upon It is ploughed after earth's surface, the subterranean pest-insects such as cutworm, grub, wireworm can be effectively prevented.

2. tall oat grass chemical control：

Soil is ploughed, after site preparation before broadcasting, and uses tri-allate per acre（Oat fears）0.25-0.3 kilograms, 2.5-4 kilograms of water mixing, using spray After day with fog sprinkling, harrowed 2-3 times with rake, 3-5 centimetres of depth；Or use tri-allate before sowing（Oat fears）0.25 kilogram is mixed fine sand soil It 20 kilograms, is harrowed uniformly after being spread on earth's surface, can effectively control the generation of wild oat grass.

Deep ploughing is thin whole：

" mountain winter No. 7 " is deep rooted plant.Deep ploughing can thicken arable layer, can store and receive more rainwater, and soil-ripening, expansion is accelerated to apply Fertile range creates favorable conditions for wheat root development.

It is shallow to turn over deep ploughing：Plot more than weeds first shallow in time should be turned over seed-breeding field, after weeds, the emergence of spontaneous wheat seeding, then It deep ploughs, plays the effect gone out and cut weeds with spontaneous wheat seeding.Tilth is appropriate, once plough sole is not rolled up to come, To deepen arable layer year by year.Soil fertility is good, and high should the ploughing of Fertilization Level to obtain deep, is generally advisable with 18-24 centimetres；Ground force difference The low preferably shallow plowing of Fertilization Level some, be generally advisable with 15-18 centimetres.

Fine site preparation：Site preparation is extensive, and seed is easy to be exposed at earth's surface or buried under soil block, had both wasted seed and emergence is poor. With ploughing with rake before sowing, lump of earth is smashed, accomplishes loosing soil, soil moisture conservation, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower.It after planting rakes again plot, accomplishes ground The flat ridge is straight, field furrow suitable size, is uniformly poured water with profit.Site preparation effect will reach " neat, flat, loose, broken, net, moisture in the soil " six word standard.

Fertilising：

1. using sufficient organic fertilizer：

" mountain winter No. 7 " breeding time is long, and fertilizer requirement is more.Using sufficient base fertilizer can promote that winter seedling root is more, robust seedling, enhance freezing tolerance, ensure Winter robust seedling after turning green, turn green it is prosperous.Organic fertilizer, that is, farm manure, farm manure can not only increase the organic matter in soil, improve soil object Rationality shape, and fertilizer efficiency is surely grown, and needs of " mountain winter No. 7 " each breeding time to nutrient can be continually supplied.Farm manure Dosage should generally be not less than 2000 kilograms per acre, pay attention to fully decomposed.

2. rationally to fertilize：

According to target the difference of yield should also suitably arrange in pairs or groups using some nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, it is proposed that dosage is as follows to fertilize for mu：

（1）" mountain winter No. 7 " 400 kilograms of per mu yield or more, it is proposed that mu applies 17 kilograms of urea, 13 kilograms of diammonium, 5 kilograms of potassium chloride, agriculture 2500 kilograms of family's fertilizer.

（2）" mountain winter No. 7 " 350 kilograms of per mu yield or more, it is proposed that mu applies 15 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of diammonium, 4.4 public affairs of potassium chloride Jin, 2000 kilograms of farm manure.

（3）" mountain winter No. 7 " 300 kilograms of per mu yield or more, it is proposed that mu applies 10.0 kilograms of urea, 8 kilograms of diammonium, potassium chloride 3.8 Kilogram, 2000 kilograms of farm manure.

Diammonium and potassium chloride do the low disposable application of fertilizer.Urea 40% makees base fertilizer, and 60% does top dressing.

8, it sows：

Seeding quality is the basis for capturing high yield.As the saying goes " rich to buy kind, buy seedling without money ".Ensure that wheat cultivation quality is " mountain The important link of winter No. 7 " normal growth and development.

1. the determination of date of seeding：

" mountain winter No. 7 " should begin sowing in good time.Riverine late September to mid-October is advisable, on the mid-September to October of high altitude localities Ten days is advisable." mountain winter No. 7 " date of seeding, is consistent with " mountain winter No. 6 ", fertile wheat.

" mountain winter No. 7 " Suitable Sowing Period is shorter, to organize labour, machinery sow on time, make wheat seeding stop giving birth in winter Before long it is i.e. overwintering before have 1-2 tillers, 4-5 blades.

2. the determination for the amount of broadcasting：

The amount of broadcasting is determined by Different Altitude, fertilizer and water condition, soil fertility level.

The region that 2700-3600 meters of height above sea level:The block manure water condition good regional mu amount of broadcasting in high-yield field is 13-15 kilograms；Soil fertility The field amount of broadcasting medium, fertilizer and water condition is poor can increase 1-2 kilograms on the basis of the high yield field amount of broadcasting.

The region that 3600-3800 meters of height above sea level:The block manure water condition good regional mu amount of broadcasting in high-yield field is 15-17 kilograms；Soil fertility The field amount of broadcasting medium, fertilizer and water condition is poor can increase 1-2 kilograms on the basis of the high yield field amount of broadcasting.

Seed-breeding field:Seed-breeding field and soil fertility level are high, and rich water is sufficient, and the high practicable light seeding in area of management level promotes a Body is developed, and the management measure for promoting tiller, facilitating fringe, these fields reduce 2-4 kilograms on the basis of the high yield field amount of broadcasting.

3. seeding method：

The quality of seeding quality is also deep with seeding method, sowing in addition to having outside the Pass with seed quality, site preparation quality, soil moisture It is shallow to have much relations.

Mechanical planting：It is sowed with wheat crops seeder, every meter ensures there is 55-65, seed, depth of planting requirement It is advisable at 4-5 centimetres.Accomplish that item embarks on journey tolerance uniformly, the depth of sowing is consistent.

Artificial seeding：The plot of no machine sowing condition should use the method sowing along the artificial drilling of ditch dug with a plow.Accomplish to go between ditch dug with a plow Away from consistent, broadcast sowing uniformly.It crosses shallow tillering node and is in earth's surface and easily freeze to death, too deep seed sprouting delay, nutrient consumption is more, unfavorable cultivation Strong sprout holds seeding quality pass, reaches full stand, Miao Yun, robust seedling in a word.

Overwinter management：

Rush of keeping a full stand of seedings is strong：Wheat seeding looks into seedling in time after being unearthed, discovery has the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, to reseed and fill the gaps with seedlings in time, and guarantee has enough bases This seedling.When wheatland has 4 leaves, the insufficient arid field of soil moisture will pour a seedling stage water in time, remaining wheatland need not pour seedling stage water, Only pouring overwintering water can.

Overwintering water：The date of pouring rests in night and freezes the noon and disappear period of appearance, that is, evening soil freezing, noon soil The period thawed pours.Starting to pour at the noon after soil thaws, accomplishes small water flood irrigation, be watered with and irrigate, the same day penetrates under soil, Without ponding.The higher place of height above sea level fills overwintering water and keeps a full stand of seedings even more important, and in due course enough winter irrigation are the guarantees of safe overwintering.It pours into The water of field is preferably more to be lacked, preferably early unsuitable evening

10, field management：

1. early spring manages：

" mountain winter No. 7 " should early apply, heavy dressing dressing of turnning green stage when turning green.Water of turning green is urgent.

It turns green rich water：When resting in spring life one leaf dew point, i.e., wheat seeding stem lobus cardiacus grows to 1-2 centimetres, and wheat seeding is by grayish green turn It has thawed for light green at this moment soil and has poured water of turning green in time.Filling water sequence of turning green is first strong sprout field weak seedling field again, last prosperous seedling Field, Schattenseite after first tailo, clay soil after first sandy soil.5-10 kilograms of urea is imposed in conjunction with the mu that loosens the soil.Area fills height above sea level higher Turning green time of water will also be in conjunction with weather in addition to seeing seedling, and such as cooling weather process, water of turning green will be postponed suitably.

Tillage and weeding：4-6 days after pouring water, promptly tillage and weeding, abolishes soil hardening, and soil moisture conservation of loosening the soil goes out and cuts weeds.

Pre- insect-pest：It is noted that prevention wheat aphid, wheat red mite harm when turning green.It searches insect pest and more field and concentration occurs Location prevents in time, can receive the effect got twice the result with half the effort.General mu 50 kilograms of 150-250 milliliters of bromine cyanogen polyester plus water（Each Dosing product 3-5 cover in sprayer, add 10 kilograms of water, spray 5 sprayers per acre）Or 3% ground worm is spread fertilizer over the fields per acre in conjunction with water of turning green is filled 3-5 jin of star is killed to be prevented.

2. middle term management：

Mid-term field management refers to " mountain winter No. 7 " winter wheat jointing to the management of heading-stage.After jointing winter wheat nutrient growth with Reproductive growth is gone forward side by side, and nutrient growth enters the summit of growth phase.Field management will be conducive to promoting root growth, promote big tiller Cheng Sui, promote big fringe, protect Demonstrate,prove enough mu spike numbers.

Water and fertilizer management：Watering mu is combined to apply 5-10 kilograms of urea when the first internode elongation of stalk（See that the growth of cereal crop seedlings imposes）, the later stage Suitable control liquid manure.

Weeding, insect prevention：It deep ploughs in time when wheat seeding not yet seals ridge and roots out weeds in field.Mid-term is also wheat aphid full incidence period, In time check insect pest, in time with bromine cyanogen polyester, go out the pesticide controls such as aphid prestige.

3. final-period management：

" mountain winter No. 7 " ears after poplar bloassom, this period to protect grain number, attacks grain weight, reduces infertile small ear, and anti-early ageing is implemented for emphasis Tian Guan.

Control water water drainage：Good neat fringe, grouting water are filled after the neat fringe of " mountain winter No. 7 " heading, exclude field ponding in time.Seed is cured ripe When filled wheat yellow water, but have to take control water, water drainage measure.

Per mu yield, grain number per spike and the mass of 1000 kernel of the wheat that method obtains in embodiment 1-3 are measured, and is opposed with blank group Than blank group is, only without seed dressing, to obtain following result according to the method for embodiment 1：

Group	Per mu yield/Kg	Grain number per spike/grain	Mass of 1000 kernel/g
				Blank group	373.28	43.57	51.25
Embodiment 1	401.21	45.69	55.23
				Embodiment 2	398.59	47.23	55.06
Embodiment 3	423.69	47.01	58.57

According to upper table, embodiment 1-3 has significantly compared to blank group in three per mu yield, grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel indexs It improves, illustrating to dress seed has a very big impact the plantation of wheat.In addition, embodiment 1-3 comparisons, embodiment 3 are substantially better than reality Example 1 and 2 is applied, either in terms of per mu yield, grain number per spike or mass of 1000 kernel, explanation impregnates to wheat seed with humic acid Increasing both production and income also has bigger influence.

Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for multiple explanatory embodiments of the invention, however, it is to be understood that Those skilled in the art can be designed that a lot of other modification and implementations, these modifications and implementations will be fallen in this Shen It please be within disclosed scope and spirit.It more specifically, within the scope of the present disclosure and claims, can be to master The building block and/or layout for inscribing composite configuration carry out a variety of variations and modifications.In addition to what is carried out to building block and/or layout Outside modification and improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be apparent.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of cultural method of winter wheat, which is characterized in that including：

Seed treatment：After being dried to full, clean seed, dress seed；

Site preparation and fertilising：One or both of insecticide, anti-careless agent are added in ground surface soil, and it is shallow to treat the progress of sowing plot Deep ploughing is turned over, is then applied fertilizer；

Sowing：Mid-September to mid-October is sowed, and overwintering water is poured after emergence；

Field management：Wheat seeding by it is grayish green switch to light green when pour turn green water and top dressing；

Harvest：It pinches when seed can not carve nail trace and harvests in golden yellow, with nail when straw and upper blade.

2. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drying step is carried out to seed It is exposed to the sun 2-3 days.

3. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the seed dressing step, often dress seed 100 The amount of medicament used in kilogram is：40%, which defends 0.35-0.4 kilograms of good fortune seed coat agent, is watered 1.4-1.6 kilograms, 6% Garrick rust 0.2-0.25 It kilogram is watered 2.0-2.5 kilograms or 0.3 kilogram of 15% triadimefon seed coat agent is watered one or more of 2.5 kilograms.

4. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the insecticide be by ground worm kill star, Sand and water are according to weight ratio 1.5-2.5：20-30：2-4 is obtained after evenly mixing, uses 23.5-36.5 kilograms of insecticide per acre.

5. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anti-careless agent is by oat fruit and water By weight 0.25-0.3：2.5-4 is mixed, per acre with anti-careless 2.75-4.3 kilograms of agent.

6. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when the field management, apply per acre The volumetric concentration of 50 kilograms of bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution, the bromine cyanogen polyester aqueous solution is 3-5%.

7. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fertilising includes organic fertilizer and change Fertilizer, the organic fertilizer are to apply 2000-2500 kilograms of farm manure per acre；The chemical fertilizer is to apply urea per acre according to target output 3.8-5 kilograms of 10-17 kilograms, 8-13 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride.

8. the cultural method of winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that before dressing seed to seed, first in matter It is impregnated 6-9 hours in the humic aqueous acid that amount score is 1-3%, 20-30 degrees Celsius of water temperature.