CN108738990A - A kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple - Google Patents
A kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/26—Oxidation products of dithiocarbamic acid derivatives, e.g. thiuram sulfides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high yield cultivating methods of American red-maple, including site preparation：Selection subacidity to neutral calcareous soil or red soil is planted, and 1-2 month deep placement decomposed manures are as base manure before planting, while adding charcoal, calcium superphosphate, plant ash；It is transplanted during late Febuary late March, nursery stock takes soil ball when transplanting, a secondary root water is first sprayed in transplanting hole, then in sapling root system surface spray nutritious liquor；After transplanting 30 days, special complex fertilizer is applied to seedling both sides root；Transplant 3 months after-applied decomposed manures；Tillage and weeding, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Dead twigs and withered leaves caused by removing pest and disease damage in time is added to the formation pre- disease prevention of 800-1500 times of liquid in ginger aqueous solution using gibberellin, 50% thiram wettable powder.Cultural method of the present invention significantly improves survival rate, the rate that roots, the ability of disease and pest control after Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' transplanting, and well developed root system, wind resistance is anti-fall, and vitality is vigorous, and survival rate is high, and the color retention time of Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' is more lasting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, more particularly to a kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple.
Background technology
American red-maple, Aceraceae Acer L, also referred to as red maple, megaphanerophyte of falling leaves.Growth is very fast, and bearing tree is high by 12~18
Rice, 12 meters of hat width adapt to the soil types growth of a variety of ranges.Spring blooms, premium color, because its autumn color is brilliant, tree
Hat is clean and tidy, is widely used in park, cell, street plant, not only with Landscape but also can do shade tree, deep by people's
Like, is the beautification that China introduces in recent years, one of the ideal rare tree species in green planted city gardens.
American red-maple belongs to introduced variety, and price is relatively high, extensive over the past two years due to its excellent characteristic
It applies in greening, but domestic weather conditions and Cultivate administration technology are but short of, the survival after causing transplanting to plant
Rate is relatively low, pest and disease damage cannot control well, leads to the bright-coloured degree and blade of its survival rate, growth quality and leaf
Size differs greatly compared with source area, causes great economic loss.Therefore, a kind of raising Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' survival rate of research and life
The cultural method of long quality has great importance.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome drawbacks described above, provide a kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple, includes the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Selection subacidity to neutral calcareous soil or red soil is planted, before planting 1-2 month deep placements
Decomposed manure adds charcoal, calcium superphosphate, plant ash as base manure；
(2) it transplants：It is transplanted during late Febuary late March, when transplanting, nursery stock takes soil ball, and soil ball diameter is children
10-15 times of seedling diameter digs good transplanting hole, transplants the 20-25 centimetres bigger than the diameter of soil ball in diameter of hole, is first sprayed in transplanting hole
A secondary root water is applied, the nutrient solution of 3-5wt% is then sprayed on sapling root system surface, sapling is transplanted in cave, corrects nursery stock,
Chesson is filled, spreads paving uniformly, as soon as in the way of one layer of Nutrition Soil layer original soil, one layer of soil compacting of covering is primary, covers
After soil, built support plantation seedling；
(3) water and fertilizer management：After transplanting 30 days, decomposed manure is applied to seedling both sides root, every plant of fertilising 30-80g is spread fertilizer over the fields
It sprinkles profoundly water in time afterwards, it is primary every fertilising in 15-20 days；Transplanting applied nutrition fertilizer, every plant of fertilising 50- every 10-15 days after 3 months
100g；
(4) tillage and weeding：Artificial weeding is often carried out when seedling around it, the later stage can be combined with and be removed using machinery
The mode of grass intertills soil, waters after intertillage every time；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Dead twigs and withered leaves caused by removing pest and disease damage in time, it is wettable using gibberellin, 50% thiram
Property pulvis be added in ginger aqueous solution the formation pre- disease prevention of 800-1500 times of liquid.
Preferably, gained is made by the steps in the pretreatment fluid：After Prunella vulgaris, chrysanthemum root are cleaned and crush, lead to
The mode for crossing gravity pressure squeezing obtains extracting solution, and extracting solution is added in 0.4% liquor potassic permanganate, is stirred evenly, is obtained
Pretreatment fluid.
Preferably, gained is made by the steps in the step (2) water of taking root：Prunella vulgaris, chrysanthemum root are cleaned
After crushing, extracting solution is obtained by way of gravity squeezing, extracting solution and heteroauxin, ascorbic acid are mixed evenly,
Obtain water of taking root.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the Prunella vulgaris and chrysanthemum root is 1-3:1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the extracting solution and heteroauxin, ascorbic acid is 5-10:1:1.
Preferably, step (2) nutrient solution is in mass ratio by glucose, molasses fermented liquid, amino acid, ascorbic acid
10-20:5-10:1:1 composition.
Preferably, step (3) described decomposed manure is the parts by weight of following components：60-100 parts of vinasse, activated carbon 30-
50 parts, 20-40 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 20-30 parts of urea, 20-30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium humate, attapulgite 15-25
Part, 5-15 parts of poly-aspartate, 1-8 parts of antiseptic.
Preferably, step (3) described nutrition fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80-100 parts of decomposed cow dung, strain training
Support 40-50 parts of base, 25-35 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 20-30 parts of charcoal, 20-30 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 parts of humic acid potassium, micro-
8-10 parts of secondary element, 5-8 parts of antiseptic, 3-5 parts of rare metal salts.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Cultivation technique of the present invention, growing environment, habit feature for American red-maple, after significantly improving Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' transplanting
Survival rate, the rate that roots, the ability of disease and pest control, the American red-maple of cultivation not only well developed root system, wind resistance is anti-fall, and supports
Drag is strong, and vitality is vigorous, and survival rate is high, and the color retention time of Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' is more lasting, color is brilliant, tree-shaped uprightly to
Above, tree crown is clean and tidy, had not only brought considerable economic benefit but also can bring apparent ecology, environmental benefit.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described further below.It should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
Involved technical characteristic can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other in each embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple, includes the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Selection subacidity to neutral calcareous soil or red soil is planted, before planting 1-2 month deep placements
Decomposed manure adds charcoal, calcium superphosphate, plant ash as base manure；
(2) it transplants：It is transplanted during late Febuary late March, when transplanting, nursery stock takes soil ball, and soil ball diameter is children
10-15 times of seedling diameter digs good transplanting hole, transplants the 20-25 centimetres bigger than the diameter of soil ball in diameter of hole, is first sprayed in transplanting hole
A secondary root water is applied, the nutrient solution of 3-5wt% is then sprayed on sapling root system surface, sapling is transplanted in cave, corrects nursery stock,
Chesson is filled, spreads paving uniformly, as soon as in the way of one layer of Nutrition Soil layer original soil, one layer of soil compacting of covering is primary, covers
After soil, built support plantation seedling；
Wherein, gained is made by the steps in water of taking root：It is 1 in mass ratio by Prunella vulgaris, chrysanthemum root:1 cleans and crush
Afterwards, extracting solution is obtained by way of gravity squeezing, is 5 in mass ratio by extracting solution and heteroauxin, ascorbic acid:1:1 is mixed
Conjunction stirs evenly；
Wherein, nutrient solution is 10 in mass ratio by glucose, molasses fermented liquid, amino acid, ascorbic acid:5:1:1 composition；
(3) water and fertilizer management：After transplanting 30 days, decomposed manure, every plant of fertilising 30g, after spreading fertilizer over the fields are applied to seedling both sides root
It sprinkles profoundly water in time, it is primary every fertilising in 15 days；Transplanting applied nutrition fertilizer, every plant of fertilising 50g every 10 days after 3 months；
Wherein, decomposed manure is the parts by weight of following components：60 parts of vinasse, 30 parts of activated carbon, 20 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, urea
20 parts, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of poly-aspartate, 1 part of antiseptic；
Wherein, nutrition fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of decomposed cow dung, 40 parts of bacterium culture medium, Chinese medicine slag 25
Part, 20 parts of charcoal, 20 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of humic acid potassium, 8 parts of trace element, 5 parts of antiseptic, rare metal salts 3
Part；
(4) tillage and weeding：Artificial weeding is often carried out when seedling around it, the later stage can be combined with and be removed using machinery
The mode of grass intertills soil, waters after intertillage every time；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Dead twigs and withered leaves caused by removing pest and disease damage in time, it is wettable using gibberellin, 50% thiram
Property pulvis be added in ginger aqueous solution 800 times of pre- disease preventions of liquid of formation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple, includes the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Selection subacidity to neutral calcareous soil or red soil is planted, before planting 1-2 month deep placements
Decomposed manure adds charcoal, calcium superphosphate, plant ash as base manure；
(2) it transplants：It is transplanted during late Febuary late March, when transplanting, nursery stock takes soil ball, and soil ball diameter is children
10-15 times of seedling diameter digs good transplanting hole, transplants the 20-25 centimetres bigger than the diameter of soil ball in diameter of hole, is first sprayed in transplanting hole
A secondary root water is applied, the nutrient solution of 3-5wt% is then sprayed on sapling root system surface, sapling is transplanted in cave, corrects nursery stock,
Chesson is filled, spreads paving uniformly, as soon as in the way of one layer of Nutrition Soil layer original soil, one layer of soil compacting of covering is primary, covers
After soil, built support plantation seedling；
Wherein, gained is made by the steps in water of taking root：It is 2 in mass ratio by Prunella vulgaris, chrysanthemum root:1 cleans and crush
Afterwards, extracting solution is obtained by way of gravity squeezing, is 8 in mass ratio by extracting solution and heteroauxin, ascorbic acid:1:1 is mixed
Conjunction stirs evenly；
Wherein, nutrient solution is 15 in mass ratio by glucose, molasses fermented liquid, amino acid, ascorbic acid:8:1:1 composition；
(3) water and fertilizer management：After transplanting 30 days, decomposed manure, every plant of fertilising 50g, after spreading fertilizer over the fields are applied to seedling both sides root
It sprinkles profoundly water in time, it is primary every fertilising in 18 days；Transplanting applied nutrition fertilizer, every plant of fertilising 80g every 12 days after 3 months；
Wherein, decomposed manure is the parts by weight of following components：80 parts of vinasse, 40 parts of activated carbon, 30 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, urea
25 parts, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 25 parts of potassium humate, 20 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of poly-aspartate, 5 parts of antiseptic；
Wherein, nutrition fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight：90 parts of decomposed cow dung, 45 parts of bacterium culture medium, Chinese medicine slag 30
Part, 25 parts of charcoal, 25 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 22 parts of humic acid potassium, 10 parts of trace element, 6 parts of antiseptic, rare metal salts 4
Part；
(4) tillage and weeding：Artificial weeding is often carried out when seedling around it, the later stage can be combined with and be removed using machinery
The mode of grass intertills soil, waters after intertillage every time；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Dead twigs and withered leaves caused by removing pest and disease damage in time, it is wettable using gibberellin, 50% thiram
Property pulvis be added in ginger aqueous solution the formation pre- disease prevention of 800-1500 times of liquid.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple, includes the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Selection subacidity to neutral calcareous soil or red soil is planted, before planting 1-2 month deep placements
Decomposed manure adds charcoal, calcium superphosphate, plant ash as base manure；
(2) it transplants：It is transplanted during late Febuary late March, when transplanting, nursery stock takes soil ball, and soil ball diameter is children
10-15 times of seedling diameter digs good transplanting hole, transplants the 20-25 centimetres bigger than the diameter of soil ball in diameter of hole, is first sprayed in transplanting hole
A secondary root water is applied, the nutrient solution of 3-5wt% is then sprayed on sapling root system surface, sapling is transplanted in cave, corrects nursery stock,
Chesson is filled, spreads paving uniformly, as soon as in the way of one layer of Nutrition Soil layer original soil, one layer of soil compacting of covering is primary, covers
After soil, built support plantation seedling；
Wherein, gained is made by the steps in water of taking root：It is 3 in mass ratio by Prunella vulgaris, chrysanthemum root:1 cleans and crush
Afterwards, extracting solution is obtained by way of gravity squeezing, is 10 in mass ratio by extracting solution and heteroauxin, ascorbic acid:1:1 is mixed
Conjunction stirs evenly；
Wherein, nutrient solution is 20 in mass ratio by glucose, molasses fermented liquid, amino acid, ascorbic acid:10:1:1 group
At；
(3) water and fertilizer management：After transplanting 30 days, decomposed manure, every plant of fertilising 80g, after spreading fertilizer over the fields are applied to seedling both sides root
It sprinkles profoundly water in time, it is primary every fertilising in 20 days；Transplanting applied nutrition fertilizer, every plant of fertilising 100g every 15 days after 3 months；
Wherein, decomposed manure is the parts by weight of following components：100 parts of vinasse, 50 parts of activated carbon, 40 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, urine
30 parts of element, 30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 30 parts of potassium humate, 25 parts of attapulgite, 15 parts of poly-aspartate, 8 parts of antiseptic；
Wherein, nutrition fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80-100 parts of decomposed cow dung, 50 parts of bacterium culture medium, Chinese medicine
35 parts of slag, 30 parts of charcoal, 30 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of humic acid potassium, 10 parts of trace element, 8 parts of antiseptic, rare metal
5 parts of salt；
(4) tillage and weeding：Artificial weeding is often carried out when seedling around it, the later stage can be combined with and be removed using machinery
The mode of grass intertills soil, waters after intertillage every time；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Dead twigs and withered leaves caused by removing pest and disease damage in time, it is wettable using gibberellin, 50% thiram
Property pulvis be added in ginger aqueous solution the formation pre- disease prevention of 800-1500 times of liquid.
It is above present pre-ferred embodiments, is only applicable to the principle for helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention；Meanwhile for this
The those skilled in the art in field, according to the present embodiment, the there will be changes in specific implementation mode and application range are comprehensive
Upper described, the content of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high yield cultivating method of American red-maple, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Selection subacidity to neutral calcareous soil or red soil is planted, and 1-2 month deep placements are decomposed before planting
Organic fertilizer adds charcoal, calcium superphosphate, plant ash as base manure；
(2) it transplants：It is transplanted during late Febuary late March, when transplanting, nursery stock takes soil ball, and soil ball diameter is that seedling is straight
10-15 times of diameter digs good transplanting hole, transplants the 20-25 centimetres bigger than the diameter of soil ball in diameter of hole, and one is first sprayed in transplanting hole
Then secondary root water sprays the nutrient solution of 3-5wt% on sapling root system surface, sapling is transplanted in cave, correct nursery stock, filling
Chesson spreads paving uniformly, as soon as in the way of one layer of Nutrition Soil layer original soil, covers one layer of soil compacting once, earthing is complete
Bi Hou, built support plantation seedling；
(3) water and fertilizer management：After transplanting 30 days, decomposed manure is applied to seedling both sides root, every plant of fertilising 30-80g, after spreading fertilizer over the fields and
When sprinkle profoundly water, it is primary every fertilising in 15-20 days；Transplanting applied nutrition fertilizer, every plant of fertilising 50- every 10-15 days after 3 months
100g；
(4) tillage and weeding：Artificial weeding is often carried out when seedling around it, the later stage can be combined with using weeding by machine
Mode intertills soil, waters after intertillage every time；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Dead twigs and withered leaves caused by removing pest and disease damage in time, uses gibberellin, 50% thiram wettable powder
Agent is added to the formation pre- disease prevention of 800-1500 times of liquid in ginger aqueous solution.
2. the high yield cultivating method of American red-maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) water of taking root
Gained is made by the steps：After Prunella vulgaris, chrysanthemum root are cleaned and crush, extracting solution is obtained by way of gravity squeezing,
Extracting solution and heteroauxin, ascorbic acid are mixed evenly, water of taking root is obtained.
3. the high yield cultivating method of American red-maple according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The Prunella vulgaris and chrysanthemum root
Mass ratio be 1-3:1.
4. the high yield cultivating method of American red-maple according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The extracting solution and indoles second
Sour, ascorbic acid mass ratio is 5-10:1:1.
5. the high yield cultivating method of American red-maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) described nutrient solution
It is 10-20 in mass ratio by glucose, molasses fermented liquid, amino acid, ascorbic acid:5-10:1:1 composition.
6. the high yield cultivating method of American red-maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (3) is described decomposed to be had
Machine fertilizer is the parts by weight of following components：60-100 parts of vinasse, 30-50 parts of activated carbon, 20-40 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 20-30 parts of urea,
20-30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium humate, 15-25 parts of attapulgite, 5-15 parts of poly-aspartate, 1-8 parts of antiseptic.
7. the high yield cultivating method of American red-maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (3) described nutrition fertilizer
Include the raw material of following parts by weight：80-100 parts of decomposed cow dung, 40-50 parts of bacterium culture medium, 25-35 parts of Chinese medicine slag, charcoal
20-30 parts, 20-30 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 parts of humic acid potassium, 8-10 parts of trace element, 5-8 parts of antiseptic, rare metal
3-5 parts of salt.
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| CN111657030A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-15 | 上海润绣农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings |
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