CN108684349A - A kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684349A CN108684349A CN201710133798.0A CN201710133798A CN108684349A CN 108684349 A CN108684349 A CN 108684349A CN 201710133798 A CN201710133798 A CN 201710133798A CN 108684349 A CN108684349 A CN 108684349A
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- stock
- tea
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- oil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engrafting methods improving oil tea survival rate, include the following steps:1) break stock, 2) wash stock, 3) cut stock, 4) cut fringe, 5) grafting, 6) wrapping, 7) moisture-keeping shading, 8) management etc. 8 steps come promote oil tea graft survive.The oil tea engrafting method of the present invention, is grafted using novel grafting machine, saves labour, improve efficiency, and the moisturizing shading treatment carried out using bamboo shoot shell+shading net can effectively improve the graft survival rate of tea oil tree.Special fertilizer for oil tea is utilized after the completion of grafting, can speed up the growth of oil tea, graft survival rate 95%-98% improves economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the planting technology fields of oil tea, and in particular to a kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate.
Background technology
Oil tea, (Latin literary fame Camellia oleifera Abel.) alias:Ribes tree, tea oil tree, white flower tea;Oil tea
Belong to Theaceae, evergreen dungarunga.Because its seed can extract oil (tea oil) it is edible, it is therefore named.Tea oil color clear flavor incense, full of nutrition, resistance to storage
It hides, is high quality food oil;Also lubricating oil, antirust oil be can be used as industry.Tea cake is both pesticide and fertilizer, and agriculture can be improved
Field water-holding capacity and prevention rice pest.Pericarp is the raw material for obtaining through refining tannin extract.Tea oil tree is one of four big woody oleiferous plants of the world, it
It is grown in high mountain and the hilly country of southern china subtropical zone, is the distinctive pure natural advanced oil plant of one kind of China.Mainly
Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Guang Xiwu provinces are concentrated on, national annual output is only 200,000 tons or so.Oil tea with seed, cutting or
Propagation by grafiting.For the merit of holding parent, cutting or graft seedling growth are mostly used, forest planting is then carried out, most suitable afforestation
Season is the beginning of spring to the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), also has and carries out in October.With tea oil tree make anvil grafting camellia method it is very much, using more
It is that disconnected anvil draws bark graft and the subcutaneous scion grafting of continuous anvil.When drawing bark graft using disconnected anvil, to retain a part of nutrition branch of original crown, depending on anvil
The size of wood should symmetrically connect 24 scion per anvil.
China Patent Publication No. CN104920082A, publication date on 09 23rd, 2015, discloses a kind of grafting of oil tea
Method is related to planting technology field;Select stock, choosing grafting, disconnected stock, cut fracture, choose bark, draw cut mouth, grafting branch, binding connect
Mouth, painting venom and etc.;The present invention can solve new talent existing for current existing Grafting kind technology and grow into forest that slow, fruiting is slow asks
Topic.China Patent Publication No. CN104255309A, publication date on 01 07th, 2015, discloses a kind of oil-tea sprout with grafting side
Method, including following operating procedure:The cultivation of stock;The selection of nursery lot;Site preparation makees bed;Set up cool canopy;Graft material prepares:It connects
Fringe felling and transporting and preserving:Select grafting time;Engrafting method plays anvil, cuts anvil, cuts fringe, cuttings and wrapping, plant;Seedling after grafting
Garden management except sprouting, weeding water spray and top dressing, remove film hood and folding except cool canopy, until outplanting.It can using the above method
To effectively improve oil tea seedling graft survival rate, oil tea seedling graft survival rate can reach 93% or more, ensure that oil tea plantation
Economic benefit promotes the development of camellia oleiferaindustry.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of engrafting methods of the grafting oil tea that speed is fast, survival rate is high.
A kind of raising oil tea survival rate must obtain engrafting method, include the following steps:
1) break stock
Every plant of tree selection 3-6 crotch angle of stock is appropriate, and the major branch that no disease pest causes harm is sawed at 60-85cm from the ground
It is disconnected, make nutrition branch except retaining 2-4, remaining branch is all removed;
2) stock is washed
The bark at interface and interface or less 6-8cm is cleaned with shellfish horse bodyguard;
3) stock is cut
Saw kerf is scabbled with grafting knife, bevel is high outer low in ensureing;Smooth place is selected in the grafting part of stock, first in lower lateral
Partial application, reaches xylem, then from top to bottom indulges partial application along xylem at 2-3cm above the transverse incision, removes and peels;
4) fringe is cut
Interface is cut the reverse side of bud or side are flat, slightly sees xylem, the long 1.2-1.6cm of bevel splays short circuit in its reverse side
Mouthful, it is whittled into 30-45 ° of inclined-plane, is in horse ear shape.One leaf of general scion, one bud, blade cut off 1/4-2/3;
5) it grafts
The stock and fringe bar of above-mentioned processing are grafted using grafting machine, bound up a wound after the completion of grafting;
6) it wraps up
It is bound up a wound from bottom to top with the plastic film tape with certain elastic force, pays attention to preventing scion from shifting;
7) moisture-keeping shading
Upper moderate polybag moisturizing is covered on stock, is pricked in moisturizing bag outer layer according to east-west direction with bamboo shoot shell+shading net
Shade;
8) it manages
1. needing to carry out imposing Special fertilizer for oil tea to tea oil tree after the completion of grafting, fertilising should be reasonable, applied fertilizer every 3-5 days
Once;
2. paying attention to protection moisturizing bag in 1 month after grafting, prevents people and animals' harm and pest from breaking by the teeth moisturizing bag, work as young sprout
When touching moisturizing bag, can solution go moisturizing bag (preferably at dusk or rainy days carry out);
3. paying attention to clearing up the weeds around tea oil tree, selectively handled near tea oil tree using Simanex herbicide
Weeds.
Stock in the step 1) is to strengthen tea oil tree as stock during forest land is fertile, seeding row spacing is neat, growing way is vigorous.
Grafting machine in the step 5) is BYJ-800 type oil tea grafting machines.
Special fertilizer in the step 8) is:30-32 parts of urea, 22-26 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 14-18 parts of rape cake, beans
10-12 parts of cake, 9-11 parts of Oil-tea-cake, 6-8 parts of oil tea shell, 6-7 parts of shrimp shell, 4-6 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of mung bean.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The oil tea engrafting method of the present invention, is grafted using novel grafting machine, saves labour, improve efficiency,
The moisturizing shading treatment carried out using bamboo shoot shell+shading net, can effectively improve the graft survival rate of tea oil tree.After the completion of grafting
Using Special fertilizer for oil tea, the growth of oil tea is can speed up, graft survival rate 95%-98% improves economic benefit.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of raising oil tea survival rate must obtain engrafting method, include the following steps:
1) break stock
Select to strengthen tea oil tree during forest land is fertile, seeding row spacing is neat, growing way is vigorous as stock, every plant of tree selection stock 3
A crotch angle is appropriate, the major branch that no disease pest causes harm, sawed-off at 60cm from the ground, makees nutrition branch except retaining 2, remaining branch
All remove;
2) stock is washed
The bark at interface and interface or less 6cm is cleaned with shellfish horse bodyguard;
3) stock is cut
Saw kerf is scabbled with grafting knife, bevel is high outer low in ensureing;Smooth place is selected in the grafting part of stock, first in lower lateral
Partial application, reaches xylem, then from top to bottom indulges partial application along xylem at 2cm above the transverse incision, removes and peels;
4) fringe is cut
Interface is cut the reverse side of bud or side are flat, slightly sees xylem, the long 1.2cm of bevel splays short interface in its reverse side, cuts
It is in horse ear shape at 30 ° of inclined-plane.One leaf of general scion, one bud, blade cut off 1/4;
5) it grafts
The stock and fringe bar of above-mentioned processing are grafted using BYJ-800 type oil tea grafting machines, carried out after the completion of grafting
It binds up a wound;
6) it wraps up
It is bound up a wound from bottom to top with the plastic film tape with certain elastic force, pays attention to preventing scion from shifting;
7) moisture-keeping shading
Upper moderate polybag moisturizing is covered on stock, is pricked in moisturizing bag outer layer according to east-west direction with bamboo shoot shell+shading net
Shade;
8) it manages
1. needing to carry out imposing Special fertilizer for oil tea to tea oil tree after the completion of grafting, fertilising should be reasonable, every fertilising one in 3 days
It is secondary;
Special fertilizer formula is:30 parts of urea, 22 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of rape cake, 10 parts of soya-bean cake, 9 parts of Oil-tea-cake, oil
6 parts of tea shell, 6 parts of shrimp shell, 4 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of mung bean;
2. paying attention to protection moisturizing bag in 1 month after grafting, prevents people and animals' harm and pest from breaking by the teeth moisturizing bag, work as young sprout
When touching moisturizing bag, can solution go moisturizing bag (preferably at dusk or rainy days carry out);
3. paying attention to clearing up the weeds around tea oil tree, selectively handled near tea oil tree using Simanex herbicide
Weeds.
The graft survival rate of this method oil tea is 95%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of raising oil tea survival rate must obtain engrafting method, include the following steps:
1) break stock
Select to strengthen tea oil tree during forest land is fertile, seeding row spacing is neat, growing way is vigorous as stock, every plant of tree selection stock 6
A crotch angle is appropriate, the major branch that no disease pest causes harm, sawed-off at 85cm from the ground, makees nutrition branch except retaining 4, remaining branch
All remove;
2) stock is washed
The bark at interface and interface or less 8cm is cleaned with shellfish horse bodyguard;
3) stock is cut
Saw kerf is scabbled with grafting knife, bevel is high outer low in ensureing;Smooth place is selected in the grafting part of stock, first in lower lateral
Partial application, reaches xylem, then from top to bottom indulges partial application along xylem at 3cm above the transverse incision, removes and peels;
4) fringe is cut
Interface is cut the reverse side of bud or side are flat, slightly sees xylem, the long 1.6cm of bevel splays short interface in its reverse side, cuts
Inclined-plane at 45 ° is in horse ear shape.One leaf of general scion, one bud, blade cut off 2/3;
5) it grafts
The stock and fringe bar of above-mentioned processing are grafted using BYJ-800 type oil tea grafting machines, carried out after the completion of grafting
It binds up a wound;
6) it wraps up
It is bound up a wound from bottom to top with the plastic film tape with certain elastic force, pays attention to preventing scion from shifting;
7) moisture-keeping shading
Upper moderate polybag moisturizing is covered on stock, is pricked in moisturizing bag outer layer according to east-west direction with bamboo shoot shell+shading net
Shade;
8) it manages
1. needing to carry out imposing Special fertilizer for oil tea to tea oil tree after the completion of grafting, fertilising should be reasonable, every fertilising one in 5 days
It is secondary;
Special fertilizer formula is:32 parts of urea, 26 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts of rape cake, 12 parts of soya-bean cake, 11 parts of Oil-tea-cake,
8 parts of oil tea shell, 7 parts of shrimp shell, 6 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of mung bean;
2. paying attention to protection moisturizing bag in 1 month after grafting, prevents people and animals' harm and pest from breaking by the teeth moisturizing bag, work as young sprout
When touching moisturizing bag, can solution go moisturizing bag (preferably at dusk or rainy days carry out);
3. paying attention to clearing up the weeds around tea oil tree, selectively handled near tea oil tree using Simanex herbicide
Weeds.
The graft survival rate of this method oil tea is 97%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of raising oil tea survival rate must obtain engrafting method, include the following steps:
1) break stock
Select to strengthen tea oil tree during forest land is fertile, seeding row spacing is neat, growing way is vigorous as stock, every plant of tree selection stock 5
A crotch angle is appropriate, the major branch that no disease pest causes harm, sawed-off at 72cm from the ground, makees nutrition branch except retaining 3, remaining branch
All remove;
2) stock is washed
The bark at interface and interface or less 7cm is cleaned with shellfish horse bodyguard;
3) stock is cut
Saw kerf is scabbled with grafting knife, bevel is high outer low in ensureing;Smooth place is selected in the grafting part of stock, first in lower lateral
Partial application, reaches xylem, then from top to bottom indulges partial application along xylem at 2.5cm above the transverse incision, removes and peels;
4) fringe is cut
Interface is cut the reverse side of bud or side are flat, slightly sees xylem, the long 1.4cm of bevel splays short interface in its reverse side, cuts
It is in horse ear shape at 40 ° of inclined-plane.One leaf of general scion, one bud, blade cut off 1/2;
5) it grafts
The stock and fringe bar of above-mentioned processing are grafted using BYJ-800 type oil tea grafting machines, carried out after the completion of grafting
It binds up a wound;
6) it wraps up
It is bound up a wound from bottom to top with the plastic film tape with certain elastic force, pays attention to preventing scion from shifting;
7) moisture-keeping shading
Upper moderate polybag moisturizing is covered on stock, is pricked in moisturizing bag outer layer according to east-west direction with bamboo shoot shell+shading net
Shade;
8) it manages
1. needing to carry out imposing Special fertilizer for oil tea to tea oil tree after the completion of grafting, fertilising should be reasonable, every fertilising one in 4 days
It is secondary;
Special fertilizer formula is:31 parts of urea, 24 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 16 parts of rape cake, 11 parts of soya-bean cake, 10 parts of Oil-tea-cake,
7 parts of oil tea shell, 6.5 parts of shrimp shell, 5 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of mung bean;
2. paying attention to protection moisturizing bag in 1 month after grafting, prevents people and animals' harm and pest from breaking by the teeth moisturizing bag, work as young sprout
When touching moisturizing bag, can solution go moisturizing bag (preferably at dusk or rainy days carry out);
3. paying attention to clearing up the weeds around tea oil tree, selectively handled near tea oil tree using Simanex herbicide
Weeds.
The graft survival rate of this method oil tea is 98%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate, it is characterised in that:
1) break stock
Every plant of tree selection 3-6 crotch angle of stock is appropriate, and the major branch that no disease pest causes harm is sawed-off at 60-85cm from the ground, removes
Retain 2-4 and make nutrition branch, remaining branch is all removed;
2) stock is washed
The bark at interface and interface or less 6-8cm is cleaned with shellfish horse bodyguard;
3) stock is cut
Saw kerf is scabbled with grafting knife, bevel is high outer low in ensureing;Smooth place is selected in the grafting part of stock, first in lower part crosscutting one
Knife, reaches xylem, then from top to bottom indulges partial application along xylem at 2-3cm above the transverse incision, removes and peels;
4) fringe is cut
Interface is cut the reverse side of bud or side are flat, slightly sees xylem, the long 1.2-1.6cm of bevel splays short interface in its reverse side, cuts
It is in horse ear shape at 30-45 ° of inclined-plane.One leaf of general scion, one bud, blade cut off 1/4-2/3;
6) it grafts
The stock and fringe bar of above-mentioned processing are grafted using grafting machine, bound up a wound after the completion of grafting;
7) it wraps up
It is bound up a wound from bottom to top with the plastic film tape with certain elastic force, pays attention to preventing scion from shifting;
8) moisture-keeping shading
Upper moderate polybag moisturizing is covered on stock, is pricked according to east-west direction with bamboo shoot shell+shading net and is shaded in moisturizing bag outer layer;
9) it manages
1. needing to carry out imposing Special fertilizer for oil tea to tea oil tree after the completion of grafting, fertilising should be reasonable, every fertilising one in 3-5 days
It is secondary;
2. paying attention to protection moisturizing bag in 1 month after grafting, prevent people and animals' harm and pest from breaking by the teeth moisturizing bag, when young sprout touches
When moisturizing bag, can solution go moisturizing bag (preferably at dusk or rainy days carry out);
3. paying attention to clearing up the weeds around tea oil tree, selectively handled using Simanex herbicide miscellaneous near tea oil tree
Grass.
2. a kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 1)
Stock be that tea oil tree is strengthened during forest land is fertile, seeding row spacing is neat, growing way is vigorous as stock.
3. a kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 6)
Grafting machine be BYJ-800 type oil tea grafting machines.
4. a kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 9)
Special fertilizer be:30-32 parts of urea, 22-26 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 14-18 parts of rape cake, 10-12 parts of soya-bean cake, Oil-tea-cake 9-11
Part, 6-8 parts of oil tea shell, 6-7 parts of shrimp shell, 4-6 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of mung bean.
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| CN201710133798.0A CN108684349A (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate |
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| CN201710133798.0A CN108684349A (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of engrafting method improving oil tea survival rate |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109526431A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Apocarya container seedling grafting of tender branch method |
| CN109644710A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-04-19 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of method of tea tree high position grafting |
-
2017
- 2017-03-08 CN CN201710133798.0A patent/CN108684349A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109644710A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-04-19 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of method of tea tree high position grafting |
| CN109526431A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Apocarya container seedling grafting of tender branch method |
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Legal Events
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20181023 |