CN108631568B - 逆变器系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

逆变器系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN108631568B
CN108631568B CN201810229837.1A CN201810229837A CN108631568B CN 108631568 B CN108631568 B CN 108631568B CN 201810229837 A CN201810229837 A CN 201810229837A CN 108631568 B CN108631568 B CN 108631568B
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zero vector
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CN108631568A (zh
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金效陈
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LS Electric Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H02M1/15Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using active elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/18Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
    • H02P3/22Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by short-circuit or resistive braking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种逆变器系统包括:整流器,其被配置为将三相AC电压转换为DC电压;DC链路电容器,其被配置为将DC电压平滑为DC链路电压;逆变器单元,其被配置为将DC链路电压转换为AC电压并将该AC电压输出到电动机;以及控制器,其被配置为控制逆变器单元的操作。当在逆变器单元的操作期间施加过载时,控制器执行控制以将逆变器单元切换到零矢量。

Description

逆变器系统及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及逆变器系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
一般而言,逆变器是将商用AC电力转换为DC电力,将DC电力转换为适合于电动机的AC电力并向电动机供给AC电力的电力转换器。这种逆变器有效地控制电动机,从而减少电动机的功耗并提高能量效率。
在传统的逆变器系统中,当过载被施加到逆变器以输出过电流时,逆变器的控制器可能阻塞逆变器的开关元件的输出门。
此时,逆变器的开关元件被切换。随着导通的开关元件的数量增加,开关时产生的开关损耗增加。
另外,当开关元件全部关闭时,逆变器的输出电流的纹波(ripple)增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种逆变器系统,用于在向逆变器单元施加过载时减少逆变器单元中包括的开关元件的开关损耗并减少输出电流的纹波,以及控制该逆变器系统的方法。
根据本发明的方面,逆变器系统包括:整流器,其被配置为将三相AC电压转换为DC电压;DC链路电容器,其被配置为将所述DC电压平滑为DC链路电压;逆变器单元,其被配置为将所述DC链路电压转换为AC电压并将所述AC电压输出到电动机;和控制器,其被配置为控制所述逆变器单元的操作。当在所述逆变器单元的操作期间施加过载时,所述控制器执行控制以将所述逆变器单元切换到零矢量。
逆变器单元可以包括三条腿,每条腿包括上开关和并联连接到所述上开关的下开关,并且在施加过载时,控制器可以根据与所述三条腿相对应的矢量来选择零矢量,并且基于所述零矢量控制包括在所述三条腿中的所述上开关和所述下开关切换到所述零矢量状态。
零矢量可以是切换所述上开关和所述下开关的次数为最小的矢量。
当所述上开关和所述下开关处于所述零矢量状态并且释放过载时,所述控制器可以执行控制以将所述上开关和所述下开关从所述零矢量状态切换到正常状态。
当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,1,1]、[1,0,1]或[1,1,0]时,所述控制器可以执行控制以选择[1,1,1]作为所述零矢量,并且根据所述零矢量控制切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,仅所述三条腿中包括的所述上开关被导通。
当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,0,1]、[0,1,0]或[1,0,0]时,所述控制器可以选择[0,0,0]作为所述零矢量,并且根据所述零矢量控制切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,所述三条腿中包括的所述上开关和所述下开关被关闭。
根据本发明的方面,一种控制逆变器系统的方法包括:当在所述逆变器单元的操作期间施加过载时,根据逆变器单元的状态选择零矢量;根据所述零矢量将所述逆变器单元切换到零矢量状态;和当释放过载时,将所述逆变器单元从所述零矢量状态切换到正常状态。
所述逆变器单元包括三条腿,每条腿包括用于将输入的DC链路电压转换为AC电压并输出所述AC电压的上开关以及并联连接到所述上开关的下开关,并且所述零矢量的选择可以包括选择其中切换所述上开关和所述下开关的次数为最小的零矢量。
所述零矢量的选择可以包括:当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,1,1]、[1,0,1]或[1,1,0]时,选择[1,1,1]作为所述零矢量。
所述切换到零矢量状态可以包括根据所述零矢量切换到所述零矢量状态,其中,仅所述三条腿中包括的所述上开关被导通。
所述零矢量的选择可以包括:当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,0,1]、[0,1,0]或[1,0,0]时,选择[0,0,0]作为所述零矢量。
所述切换到所述零矢量状态可以包括根据所述零矢量切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,所述三条腿中包括的所述上开关和所述下开关被导通。
该方法还可以包括当过载未被释放时维持零矢量状态。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的逆变器系统的示意图。
图2是示出图1所示的控制器的矢量控制方法的图。
图3是示出根据本发明的控制逆变器系统的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
参照下面结合附图详细描述的实施例,本发明的优点和特征以及获得其的方式将变得显而易见。然而,实施例可以以许多不同的形式来实施,并且不应该被构造为限于在此阐述的示例性实施例。相反,提供这些示例性实施例是为了使本公开透彻和完整,并将范围充分地传达给本领域技术人员。本发明的范围应由权利要求限定。只要可能,在整个附图中将使用相同的附图标记来指代相同或相似的部分。在附图中,为了描述的清楚起见,层和区域的大小及其相对大小可能被夸大。
应该理解的是,当元件被称为在另一个元件“上”或“接触”另一个元件时,其可以直接“在...上”或“接触”,或者间接地“在...上”或“接触“另一个元件,在其间具有一个或多个中间元件。相反,将理解的是,当每个元件被称为“直接在另一个元件上”或“直接与另一个元件接触”时,其间不存在中间元件。描述元件之间的关系的其它表达,诸如“之间”或“直接之间”可以被类似地解释。
应该理解,虽然这里可以使用术语第一、第二等来描述各种元件,但是这些元件不应该被这些术语限制。这些术语仅用于区分一个元件和另一个元件。例如,在不背离本公开的范围下,第一元件可以被称为第二元件,并且类似地,第二元件可以被称为第一元件。
除非上下文另有明确指示,否则单数表示可以包括复数表示。将理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包括”、“包含”等时,指定存在若干组件或若干步骤,并且可以不包括组件或步骤的一部分,或者可以进一步包括另外的组件或步骤。
除非在本发明中明确定义,否则这些术语不被解释为具有理想的或过于正式的含义。
在下文中,将参照附图详细描述本发明的优选实施例。
图1是根据本发明的逆变器系统的示意图。
参考图1,逆变器1可以包括整流器10、DC链路电容器20、逆变器单元30和控制器40。
整流器10可以将输入的三相AC电压转换为DC电压。
尽管在该实施例中整流器10包括多个二极管,但是可以应用多个开关元件而不限于此。
DC链路电容器20可以将通过对整流器10整流的DC电压进行平滑而获得的DC链路电压输出到逆变器单元30。
逆变器单元30可以将从DC链路电容器20输出的DC链路电压转换为具有预定电平和频率的AC电压,并将该AC电压输出到电动机2。
逆变器单元30包括用于输出AC电压的三条腿,并且每条腿可以包括上开关30a和并联连接到上开关30a的下开关30b。
也就是说,三条腿可以分别将U相、V相和W相AC电压输出到电动机2。
控制器40可以使用可变电压可变频率(VVVF)方法或矢量控制方法来控制逆变器单元30。
在实施例中,控制器40可以使用矢量控制方法来控制在逆变器单元30中包括的三条腿的上开关30a和下开关30b的导通(ON)或关闭(OFF)。在这种矢量控制方法中,控制器40可以使用图2的矢量图来控制逆变器单元30的上开关30a和下开关的开关状态。
图2是示出图1所示的控制器的矢量控制方法的图。
图2是示出控制器40的矢量控制方法的矢量图。
参考图2,当图2所示参考电压是A并处于正常状态时,控制器40可以输出控制信号,以维持对应于三条腿的矢量以在[1,1,0]处输出逆变器单元30的U相、V相和W相AC电压。
也就是说,如果矢量是[1,1,0],则控制器40可以将用于控制被包括在三条腿中的上开关30a和下开关30b的导通或关闭状态的控制信号输出到上开关30a和下开关30b。
这里,当矢量为[1,1,0]时,控制器40可以执行控制,使得三条腿中的用于输出与“1”相对应的U相和V相AC电压的两条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b被分别维持在导通状态和关闭状态。
另外,控制器40可以执行控制,使得三条腿中的用于输出与“0”相对应的W相AC电压的一条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b被维持在关闭状态。
当在逆变器单元30在正常状态下操作时施加过载时,控制器40可以检查与图2中所示的矢量图中的三条腿相对应的矢量,并且选择其中切换三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b的次数为最小的零矢量。
零矢量可以是指用于将处于正常状态的上开关30a和下开关30b的开关状态转换为零矢量状态的矢量。
如上所述,当在正常状态下在与三条腿相对应的矢量是[1,1,0]的状态下施加过载时,可以选择[1,1,1]作为与三条腿相对应的零矢量。
之后,当零矢量是[1,1,1]时,控制器40可以控制切换到零矢量状态,在该状态中,仅在三条腿中包括的上开关30a被导通。
图3是示出根据本发明的控制逆变器系统的方法的流程图。在图1的逆变器系统中,控制器40控制逆变器单元30。
参考图3,为了逆变器1的操作,控制器40可以输出控制信号,使得逆变器单元30根据矢量控制方法操作(S31)。
之后,当过载被施加到逆变器单元30时(S32),控制器40可以根据逆变器单元30的状态选择零矢量(S33)。
也就是说,当过载被施加到逆变器单元30时,控制器40可以根据与在逆变器单元30中包括的三条腿相对应的矢量来选择零矢量。
例如,当与三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,1,1]、[1,0,1]或[1,1,0]时,控制器40可以选择[1,1,1]作为其中切换在三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b的次数为最小的零矢量。
另外,当与三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,0,1]、[0,1,0]或[1,0,0]时,控制器40可以选择[0,0,0]作为其中切换在三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b的次数为最小的零矢量。
换句话说,例如,当在逆变器单元30的开关元件的开关操作期间V相电流达到过载操作电流时,控制器40检查开关元件的开关状态,确定[1,1,1]作为其中在[0,1,0]的状态下切换开关的次数为最小的零矢量,并且控制开关元件的开关状态变为与零矢量相对应的[1,1,1]。
与将所有开关元件切换到关闭状态变为[0,0,0]的传统方法相比,开关损耗可以减少50%。如果过载状态被维持然后被释放,则可以通过减少开关损耗来减少电流纹波。
这里,零矢量[0,0,0]和[1,1,1]与图2的原点B相对应。在这种状态下,输出可以不相等地产生。
控制器40可以根据零矢量将在三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b的开关状态切换到零矢量状态(S34)。
也就是说,当选择[1,1,1]作为零矢量时,控制器40可以控制切换到其中仅在三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b中的上开关30a被导通的零矢量状态。
换句话说,当选择[1,1,1]作为零矢量时,控制器40在正常状态下仅将在三条腿中与“0”相对应的腿中包括的上开关30a从关闭切换到导通,以切换到零矢量状态,从而减少切换到1的次数。
另外,当选择[0,0,0]作为零矢量时,控制器40可以控制切换到其中在三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b被全部关闭的零矢量状态。
换句话说,当选择[0,0,0]作为零矢量时,控制器40仅将在三条腿中与“1”相对应的腿中包括的上开关30a从导通切换到关闭,以切换到零矢量状态,从而减少了切换到1的次数。
之后,控制器40可以确定是否向逆变器单元30施加过载(S35),并且当过载被释放时控制在三条腿中包括的上开关30a和下开关30b从零矢量状态切换到正常状态(S36)。
作为步骤S35的确定的结果,控制器40可以执行控制,使得当施加到逆变器单元30的过载未被释放时,维持零矢量状态(S37)。
根据本发明的实施例的控制方法,当通过逆变器的过载状态输出过电流时,选择其中切换开关的次数为最小的零矢量,并且逆变器单元30的开关元件通过零矢量导通或关闭,由此减少开关损耗并减少电流纹波。
上述示例性实施例在所有方面将被解释为说明性而非限制性的。本发明的范围应该由所附权利要求书及其合法等同物来确定,而不是由以上描述来确定,并且落入所附权利要求的含义和等同范围内的所有变化都旨在被包含在其中。

Claims (3)

1.一种逆变器系统,包括:
整流器,其被配置为将三相AC电压转换为DC电压;
DC链路电容器,其被配置为将所述DC电压平滑为DC链路电压;
逆变器单元,其被配置为将所述DC链路电压转换为AC电压并将所述AC电压输出到电动机;和
控制器,其被配置为控制所述逆变器单元的操作;
其中,当在所述逆变器单元的操作期间施加过载时,所述控制器执行控制以将所述逆变器单元切换到零矢量,
所述逆变器单元包括上开关和并联连接到所述上开关的下开关,
所述控制器选择所述上开关和所述下开关的开关状态下切换次数最少的零矢量,以切换到所述零矢量状态,
其中,所述逆变器单元包括三条腿,每条腿包括所述上开关和所述下开关,
其中,在施加过载时,所述控制器根据与所述三条腿相对应的矢量来选择零矢量,并且基于所述零矢量控制被包括在所述三条腿中的所述上开关和所述下开关切换到所述零矢量状态,
当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,1,1]、[1,0,1]或[1,1,0]时,所述控制器选择[1,1,1]作为所述零矢量,并且根据所选择的所述零矢量控制切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,仅所述三条腿中包括的所述上开关被导通,
其中,当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,0,1]、[0,1,0]或[1,0,0]时,所述控制器选择[0,0,0]作为所述零矢量,并且根据所述零矢量控制切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,仅所述三条腿中与“1”相对应的腿中包括的所述上开关被关断。
2.根据权利要求1所述的逆变器系统,其中,当所述上开关和所述下开关处于所述零矢量状态并且释放过载时,所述控制器执行控制以将所述上开关和所述下开关从所述零矢量状态切换到正常状态。
3.一种控制逆变器系统的方法,所述方法包括:
当在所述逆变器单元的操作期间施加过载时,根据逆变器单元的状态选择零矢量;
根据所述零矢量将所述逆变器单元切换到零矢量状态;和
当释放过载时,将所述逆变器单元从所述零矢量状态切换到正常状态,
其中,所述逆变器单元包括三条腿,每条腿包括:用于将输入的DC链路电压转换为AC电压并输出所述AC电压的上开关、以及并联连接到所述上开关的下开关,并且
其中,所述零矢量的选择包括选择所述上开关和所述下开关的开关状态下切换次数最少的零矢量,以切换到所述零矢量状态,
其中,所述零矢量的选择包括:当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,1,1]、[1,0,1]或[1,1,0]时,选择[1,1,1]作为所述零矢量,并且
其中,所述切换到零矢量状态包括根据所述零矢量切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,仅所述三条腿中包括的所述上开关被导通,
其中,所述零矢量的选择包括:当与所述三条腿相对应的矢量是[0,0,1]、[0,1,0]或[1,0,0]时,选择[0,0,0]作为所述零矢量,并且
其中,所述切换到零矢量状态包括根据所述零矢量切换到所述零矢量状态,在该状态中,仅所述三条腿中与“1”相对应的腿中包括的所述上开关被关断。
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