CN108575490A - Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting - Google Patents
Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575490A CN108575490A CN201810259189.4A CN201810259189A CN108575490A CN 108575490 A CN108575490 A CN 108575490A CN 201810259189 A CN201810259189 A CN 201810259189A CN 108575490 A CN108575490 A CN 108575490A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention discloses Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, includes the following steps：(1) lifting the last week sprays cold-resistance agent；(2) lifting back root part is stained with cold-resistant and starches and use plastic film wrapped oil tea seedling root, places 12 days；(3) kind of a plant hole is excavated；(4) cold-resistant layer is laid in kind of plant hole；(5) cold-resistant fertilizer layer is laid in kind of plant hole；(6) oil tea is transplanted；(7) ground mulching insulating layer.Technical scheme of the present invention resists low temperature after enabling to oil tea seedling to transplant, improve the survival rate of oil tea seedling, popularizing planting is moved northward suitable for oil tea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil tea planting technology fields.More particularly, to a kind of Northern Margin area winter oil tea plant side
Method.
Background technology
Oil tea is Theaceae Camellia aithullium, is the distinctive woody oil tree species in China, with olive, oil palm, coconut palm
Son and referred to as four big woody oil tree species of the world and China's distribution most one of wide, the maximum nonwood forest trees of cultivated area.
Henan Province's oil tea integrated distribution belongs to China's oil tea distribution in the Xinyang in south, mostly mountainous region, hills landforms
Northern Margin area, this area's winter temperature is low, day and night temperature is big, and it is dry, rainfall is few；So that the planting survival rate ratio of oil tea
Relatively low (whole survival rate is less than 60% according to statistics, some places by reseeding still afforestation failure several times), and low temperature and dry
The dry growth and development that can also influence oil tea, fruit yield and quality.In order to make full use of local land resource and raising to work as
Ground farmers' income, the method for needing to improve current oil tea plant, improves the yield of oil tea planting survival rate and camellia oleifera fruit, to
Improve the enthusiasm of local farmers plantation oil tea.
There is the much research about oil tea winter resistance at present, the content of soluble protein in oil tea plant, proline contain
Amount, the content etc. of SOD activity, total antioxidant capacity, the content of soluble sugar and malonaldehyde, have the winter resistance of oil tea
It has a certain impact；But for how to change or improve oil tea plant by some specific measures in forestry, to
The winter resistance for improving oil tea seedling (is especially adapted for use in the rare low temperature day that the Northern Margin area of oil tea plantation is likely to occur
Gas), there are no carry out system research.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Northern Margin area winters that can effectively improve oil tea planting survival rate
Season oil tea method for planting.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, includes the following steps：
(1) lifting the last week sprays cold-resistance agent；
(2) lifting back root part is stained with cold-resistant and starches and use plastic film wrapped oil tea seedling root, places 1-2 days；
(3) kind of a plant hole is excavated；
(4) cold-resistant layer is laid in kind of plant hole；
(5) cold-resistant fertilizer layer is laid in kind of plant hole；
(6) oil tea is transplanted；
(7) ground mulching insulating layer.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (1)：The cold-resistance agent is by manganese sulfate, glucocyamine
It is formed with water.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (1)：The mass ratio of manganese sulfate, glucocyamine and water
For (0.5-1):(1-5):1000.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (2), the cold-resistant slurry is by ammonium metavanadate, 4- hydroxyls
Ethyl piperazidine ethanesulfonic acid, the drab soil of water content 10-20wt% and water composition.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (2), the ammonium metavanadate, 4- hydroxyethyl piperazines
The mass ratio of ethanesulfonic acid, the drab soil of water content 10-20wt% and water is (2-5)：(5-15)：(200-300)：1000.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (3)：The size of described kind of plant hole is 40cm X
40cmⅹ40cm。
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (4)：The cold-resistant layer is to impregnate cold-resistant solution
Rice straw, the cold-resistant solution is made of the own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and the rice straw is powder
It is broken to the rice straw that length is less than or equal to 2cm.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (4)：The own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, phosphorus
The mass ratio of acid dihydride potassium and water is (5-10)：(10-15)：(5-10)：1000.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (5)：The cold-resistant fertilizer composition is as follows：Calcium and magnesium
1000 parts by weight of drab soil that phosphate fertilizer 1-5 parts by weight, water content are 10-20wt%, ammonium molybdate 1-5 parts by weight, mass fraction are
The oil tea shell 200-300 parts by weight and amino acid sludge 50-100 parts by weight that the fulvic acid solution of 60-80% impregnated；It is described
Oil tea shell is first crushed to granularity and is impregnated less than placing into fulvic acid solution after 8mm.
Above-mentioned Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, in step (6)：First in kind of plant hole bottom and kind plant hole four
Then the cold-resistant layer of all laid inside 1-2cm thickness will secondly in the cold-resistant fertilizer layer that kind of plant hole bottom laying depth is 5-10cm
The plastic foil of oil tea seedling root package removes, and oil tea seedling root is put into kind of plant hole, and the last filling in kind of plant hole is described anti-
Cold fertilizer layer is simultaneously manually treaded, and each kind of plant hole waters 6-10 kilograms；In step (7)：It is spread in kind of plant hole and kind plant hole periphery
If straw.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
Technical scheme of the present invention resists low temperature after enabling to oil tea seedling to transplant, improve the survival rate of oil tea seedling, is applicable in
Popularizing planting is moved northward in oil tea；It is regional (Xinyang) to be particularly suitable for oil tea plantation Northern Margin.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, includes the following steps：
(1) oil tea seedling selects annual growth No. 23 seedlings of woods, height of seedling to be greater than or equal to 20cm, and ground diameter is greater than or equal to 0.2cm；
Lifting the last week sprays cold-resistance agent；The cold-resistance agent is made of manganese sulfate, glucocyamine and water, manganese sulfate, glucocyamine and water matter
Amount is than being 1:5:1000.
(2) lifting back root part is stained with cold-resistant and starches and use plastic film wrapped oil tea seedling root, places 2 days；The cold-resistant slurry is by inclined
Ammonium vanadate, 4- hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acids, the drab soil of water content 20wt% and water composition, the ammonium metavanadate, 4- ethoxys
The mass ratio of piperazine ethanesulfonic acid, the drab soil of water content 20wt% and water is 4：10：300：1000.
(3) kind of a plant hole is excavated；The size of described kind of plant hole is 40cm X 40cm X 40cm.
(4) cold-resistant layer is laid in kind of plant hole；The cold-resistant layer is the rice straw for impregnating cold-resistant solution, the cold-resistant solution
It is made of the own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, the rice straw is to be crushed to length to be less than or equal to
The rice straw of 2cm, the own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water mass ratio be 10：15：5：1000.
(5) cold-resistant fertilizer layer is laid in kind of plant hole；The cold-resistant fertilizer composition is as follows：3 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, water content
The oil tea shell that the fulvic acid solution that 5 kilograms of 1000 kilograms of drab soil, ammonium molybdate, mass fraction for 20wt% are 60% impregnated
300 kilograms and amino acid sludge double centner；The oil tea shell is first crushed to after granularity is less than 8mm and places into a concentration of 30wt%
Fulvic acid solution in impregnated.
(6) oil tea is transplanted；It is at the beginning of 12 months 2017 to transplant the time, and place is Xinyang Guanshan Mountain, first in kind of plant hole bottom and
The cold-resistant layer of kind of plant hole surrounding laid inside 2cm thickness, and then in the cold-resistant fertilizer layer that kind of plant hole bottom laying depth is 10cm,
Then the plastic foil that oil tea seedling root is wrapped up is removed, oil tea seedling root is put into kind of plant hole, the last filling in kind of plant hole
The cold-resistant fertilizer layer is simultaneously manually treaded, and each kind of plant hole waters 6 kilograms；
(7) ground mulching insulating layer.In step (7)：It is laid with the straw of 5cm thickness in kind of plant hole and kind plant hole periphery.
(8) cold-resistance agent was sprayed every 10 days, was continuously sprayed four times.
Experienced -10 days on the 7th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -8 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -10 DEG C and -29 days on the 26th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -9 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -12 DEG C of extreme low temperature weather, end on March 14th, 2018, survival rate 88%.
Embodiment 2
Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, includes the following steps：
(1) oil tea seedling selects annual growth No. 23 seedlings of woods, height of seedling to be greater than or equal to 20cm, and ground diameter is greater than or equal to 0.2cm；
Cold-resistance agent is not sprayed before lifting.
(2) lifting back root part is stained with cold-resistant and starches and use plastic film wrapped oil tea seedling root, places 2 days；The cold-resistant slurry is by inclined
Ammonium vanadate, 4- hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acids, the drab soil of water content 20wt% and water composition, the ammonium metavanadate, 4- ethoxys
The mass ratio of piperazine ethanesulfonic acid, the drab soil of water content 20wt% and water is 5：5：200：1000.
(3) kind of a plant hole is excavated；The size of described kind of plant hole is 40cm X 40cm X 40cm.
(4) cold-resistant layer is laid in kind of plant hole；The cold-resistant layer is the rice straw for impregnating cold-resistant solution, the cold-resistant solution
It is made of the own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, the rice straw is to be crushed to length to be less than or equal to
The rice straw of 2cm, the own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water mass ratio be 5：10：10：1000.
(5) cold-resistant fertilizer layer is laid in kind of plant hole；The cold-resistant fertilizer composition is as follows：5 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, water content
The oil tea shell that the fulvic acid solution that 3 kilograms of 1000 kilograms of drab soil, ammonium molybdate, mass fraction for 20wt% are 60% impregnated
300 kilograms and amino acid sludge double centner；The oil tea shell is first crushed to after granularity is less than 8mm and places into a concentration of 20wt%
Fulvic acid solution in impregnated.
(6) oil tea is transplanted；It is at the beginning of 12 months 2017 to transplant the time, and place is Xinyang Guanshan Mountain, first in kind of plant hole bottom and
The cold-resistant layer of kind plant hole surrounding laid inside 2cm thickness, and then in the cold-resistant fertilizer that kind of plant hole bottom laying depth is 5-10cm
Then the plastic foil that oil tea seedling root is wrapped up is removed, oil tea seedling root is put into kind of plant hole, is finally filled out in kind of plant hole by layer
It fills the cold-resistant fertilizer layer and manually treads, each kind of plant hole waters 6 kilograms；
(7) ground mulching insulating layer.In step (7)：It is laid with the straw of 5cm thickness in kind of plant hole and kind plant hole periphery.
Experienced -10 days on the 7th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -8 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -10 DEG C and -29 days on the 26th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -9 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -12 DEG C of extreme low temperature weather, end on March 14th, 2018, survival rate 63%.
Embodiment 3
Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, includes the following steps：
(1) oil tea seedling selects annual growth No. 23 seedlings of woods, height of seedling to be greater than or equal to 20cm, and ground diameter is greater than or equal to 0.2cm；
Lifting the last week sprays cold-resistance agent；The cold-resistance agent A is made of manganese sulfate, glucocyamine and water, manganese sulfate, glucocyamine and water matter
Amount is than being 0.5:5:1000.
(2) lifting back root part is stained with cold-resistant and starches and use plastic film wrapped oil tea seedling root, places 2 days；The cold-resistant slurry is by inclined
Ammonium vanadate, 4- hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acids, the drab soil of water content 20wt% and water composition, the ammonium metavanadate, 4- ethoxys
The mass ratio of piperazine ethanesulfonic acid, the drab soil of water content 20wt% and water is 3：9：250：1000.
(3) kind of a plant hole is excavated；The size of described kind of plant hole is 40cm X 40cm X 40cm.
(4) cold-resistant layer is laid in kind of plant hole；The cold-resistant layer is rice straw, and the rice straw is to be crushed to length to be less than or wait
In the rice straw of 2cm.
(5) cold-resistant fertilizer layer is laid in kind of plant hole；The cold-resistant fertilizer composition is as follows：It is 2.5 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, aqueous
Measure the oil tea that the fulvic acid solution that 1000 kilograms of drab soil for being 20wt%, 1 kilogram of ammonium molybdate, mass fraction are 60% impregnated
80 kilograms of 200 kilograms of shell and amino acid sludge；It is a concentration of less than being placed into after 8mm that the oil tea shell is first crushed to granularity
It is impregnated in the fulvic acid solution of 25wt%.
(6) oil tea is transplanted；It is at the beginning of 12 months 2017 to transplant the time, and place is Xinyang Guanshan Mountain, first in kind of plant hole bottom and
The cold-resistant layer of kind of plant hole surrounding laid inside 2cm thickness, and then in the cold-resistant fertilizer layer that kind of plant hole bottom laying depth is 10cm,
Then the plastic foil that oil tea seedling root is wrapped up is removed, oil tea seedling root is put into kind of plant hole, the last filling in kind of plant hole
The cold-resistant fertilizer layer is simultaneously manually treaded, and each kind of plant hole waters 6 kilograms；
(7) ground mulching insulating layer.In step (7)：It is laid with the straw of 5cm thickness in kind of plant hole and kind plant hole periphery.
(8) cold-resistance agent was sprayed every 10 days, was continuously sprayed four times.
Experienced -10 days on the 7th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -8 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -10 DEG C and -29 days on the 26th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -9 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -12 DEG C of extreme low temperature weather, end on March 14th, 2018, survival rate 71%.
Reference examples
According to conventional method for planting：The size for excavating kind of plant hole is 40cm X 40cm X 40cm, will be oily at the beginning of 12 months 2017
Tea shoot is backfilled and is manually treaded as in kind of plant hole, and each kind of plant hole waters 6 kilograms.It is laid in kind of plant hole and kind plant hole periphery
The straw of 5cm thickness.
Experienced -10 days on the 7th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -8 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -10 DEG C and -29 days on the 26th January in 2018 continuous four days field measurement minimum temperatures be respectively -9 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -10
DEG C, -12 DEG C of extreme low temperature weather, cut-off in by the end of February, 2018, survival rate 34%.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) lifting the last week sprays cold-resistance agent；
(2) lifting back root part is stained with cold-resistant and starches and use plastic film wrapped oil tea seedling root, places 1-2 days；
(3) kind of a plant hole is excavated；
(4) cold-resistant layer is laid in kind of plant hole；
(5) cold-resistant fertilizer layer is laid in kind of plant hole；
(6) oil tea is transplanted；
(7) ground mulching insulating layer.
2. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1)：Institute
Cold-resistance agent is stated to be made of manganese sulfate, glucocyamine and water.
3. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (1)：Sulphur
The mass ratio of sour manganese, glucocyamine and water is (0.5-1):(1-5):1000.
4. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), institute
Cold-resistant slurry is stated to be made of ammonium metavanadate, 4- hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acids, the drab soil of water content 10-20wt% and water.
5. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in step (2), institute
The mass ratio for stating ammonium metavanadate, 4- hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acids, the drab soil of water content 10-20wt% and water is (2-5)：(5-
15)：(200-300)：1000.
6. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3)：Institute
The size for stating kind of plant hole is 40cm X 40cm X 40cm.
7. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4)：Institute
It is the rice straw for impregnating cold-resistant solution to state cold-resistant layer, and the cold-resistant solution is by the own Doutrate of rosin, sodium pyrophosphate, biphosphate
Potassium and water composition, the rice straw are the rice straw for being crushed to length and being less than or equal to 2cm.
8. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step (4)：Pine
Fragrant own Doutrate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water mass ratio be (5-10)：(10-15)：(5-10)：1000.
9. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5)：Institute
It is as follows to state cold-resistant fertilizer composition：Calcium magnesium phosphate 1-5 parts by weight, water content are 1000 parts by weight of drab soil of 10-20wt%, molybdic acid
The oil tea shell 200-300 parts by weight and amino that ammonium 1-5 parts by weight, the fulvic acid solution that mass fraction is 60-80% impregnated
Acid sludge 50-100 parts by weight；The oil tea shell is first crushed to granularity and is impregnated less than placing into fulvic acid solution after 8mm.
10. Northern Margin area winter oil tea method for planting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (6)：
First in kind of plant hole bottom and the cold-resistant layer of kind plant hole surrounding laid inside 1-2cm thickness, secondly in kind of a plant hole bottom laying depth
For the cold-resistant fertilizer layer of 5-10cm, then the plastic foil that oil tea seedling root is wrapped up is removed, oil tea seedling root is put into kind of a plant hole
Interior, the last filling cold-resistant fertilizer layer in kind of plant hole is simultaneously manually treaded, and each kind of plant hole waters 6-10 kilograms；In step
(7) in：It is laid with straw in kind of plant hole and kind plant hole periphery.
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