CN106883070A - A kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN106883070A CN106883070A CN201710122333.5A CN201710122333A CN106883070A CN 106883070 A CN106883070 A CN 106883070A CN 201710122333 A CN201710122333 A CN 201710122333A CN 106883070 A CN106883070 A CN 106883070A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods.The selenium-enriched apple implantation methods are comprised the following steps：Plot selects；It is prepared by Se-enriched bio nutritional agents；Root system applies fertilizer；Foliage dressing；Fallen flowers phase, young fruit period, middle fruiting period respectively in apple is to apple foliage-spray Se-enriched bio nutritional agents；Staking and shaping；Stand cultivation is carried out to Cold region apple apple tree, free spindle or slender spindle like are trimmed to tree-like；Timely collecting；The invention provides a kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase apple production and selenium content.In florescence and fruiting period stage by stage using the Se-enriched bio nutritional agents of various concentrations, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improve, and cause that the selenium-rich effect of apple becomes apparent by the way of sprinkling both fruit tree and soil application combine.The μ g/kg of Se content 35~50 in pulp after ripe apples, meet the sanitary standard of the selenium limitation fruit selenium content of national regulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods.
Background technology
Selenium is one of the essential trace elements of the human body, and selenium participates in forming glutathione peroxidase, can improve human body
Immunologic function.Human body selenium deficiency can then cause Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, cardiomyopathy, cancer, hypertension, diabetes etc. more than 40 to plant disease
Disease, so human body selenium-supply diseases prevention is improved health conditions.Optimal path is science tonic selenium-rich agricultural byproducts, and wherein rich selenium fruit is
The indispensable member of diet structure, the fruit that apple is liked as people is indispensable part in rich selenium fruit.Pass through
It is the conventional approach for producing rich selenium fruit to fruit tree foliage spray selenium preparation, but inorganic selenium is used more selenium preparation on the market,
Such as sodium selenite, between selenium dioxide etc., although inorganic selenium is cheap, but the safety using amount that uses and toxicity amount, value range is very
Small, it is easy to be poisoned, the bioavailability such as sodium selenite is relatively low in addition, does not also increase production and improve fruit quality.
The content of the invention
The present invention is regarding to the issue above, there is provided a kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase apple production and containing selenium
Amount.
What the technical scheme of invention was realized in：The selenium-enriched apple implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) plot selection：Planting site should select good mountain region, the xerocline of deep, fertile soil layer, loosing soil, moisture condition
Ground and hilly ground, its soil organic matter content are not less than 1.5%, and soil acidity or alkalinity is between 6~7.5；Apple nursery stock height 1~
1.5m, digs field planting hole 0.8mX0.8mX0.8m before planting, subsoil is separated with table soil, and every mu is applied 1200~1500kg of Selenium-rich composite fertilizer,
Backfilled after mixing with table soil, be filled to away from ground 20cm, treaded, the spacing 1.5mX3m of nursery stock；
(2) prepared by Se-enriched bio nutritional agents：The Se-enriched bio nutritional agents includes the component of following weight portion：Sodium selenite
20~30 parts, 3~5 parts of compound amino acid part, 8~10 parts of urea, 2~3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10~20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, EM
6~10 parts of zymophyte；
(3) root system fertilising：Early March, then annular fertilization ditch, furrow width 40cm, depth are dug at 80~120cm of apple tree trunk
40cm, it is husky in the thick ventilating leakage-proofs of bottom of trench laying 2cm, Selenium-rich composite fertilizer is applied in dressing furrow, being then covered by soil makes annular
Dressing furrow is concordant with ground；
(4) foliage dressing：Fallen flowers phase respectively in apple, young fruit period, middle fruiting period are prepared to apple foliage-spray step (2)
Se-enriched bio nutritional agents, the amount of spraying is every mu of 50~60kg every time, and each interval time was at 20~25 days；It is described to spray selenium-rich
During biological nutritive agent, in the fallen flowers phase, nutritional agents is diluted with water 50~60 times, in young fruit period, nutritional agents is diluted with water 40
~50 times, in middle fruiting period, nutritional agents is diluted with water 30~40 times；
(5) staking and shaping：Stand cultivation is carried out to apple tree, free spindle or slender spindle are trimmed to tree-like
Shape, by the height of tree control of apple tree in 2.5~3m, hat width is 1.5~1.8m, dry 60~80cm high, the dry upper growth 10 in center~
15 major branches, the spacing of major branch is 20~25cm, 60~90 ° of the spreading angle of major branch；
(6) timely collecting, the μ g/kg of Se content 35~50 in pulp after ripe apples.
Selenium-rich composite fertilizer in the step (1) includes the composition of following weight portion：30~45 parts of urea, animal dung 25~
30 parts, 8~10 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 15~25 parts of potassium chloride, 3~5 parts of potassium selenite, 5~8 parts of humic acid, paclobutrazol 0.5~
1 part, 4~8 parts of wood chip, 0.5~0.8 part of EDTA chelated zincs.
Preferably, the Selenium-rich composite fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion：40 parts of urea, 28 parts of animal dung, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
9 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of potassium selenite, 7 parts of humic acid, 0.7 part of paclobutrazol, 6 parts of wood chip, 0.6 part of EDTA chelated zincs.
Rapid (4), if raining after spraying, need to fill spray once when Se-enriched bio nutritional agents is sprayed after rain stops, and spray
The amount of applying is as before.
Smeared in time with cutting oil sealing after apple number is pruned in the step (5).
Machine epithelium protective agent is sprayed with to apple leaf surface in the step (4), by organic coating protective agent dilute with water
150~250ml is sprayed to every fruit tree after 80~100 times, every minor tick 15~20 days.
The present invention solves defect present in background technology, has the advantages that：
The invention provides a kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase apple production and selenium content.Richness of the invention
Selenium composite fertilizer and Se-enriched bio nutritional agents promote fruit tree life rich in protein, amino acid, energy accelerator and various trace elements
It is long, plant fast-growth can be effectively facilitated, strengthen plant photosynthetic efficiency, improve yield.Applied stage by stage at florescence and fruiting period
With the Se-enriched bio nutritional agents of various concentrations, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improve, and using sprinkling both fruit tree and soil application
With reference to mode cause that the selenium-rich effect of apple becomes apparent.The μ g/kg of Se content 35~50 in pulp, meet state after ripe apples
The sanitary standard of the selenium limitation fruit selenium content≤50 μ g/kg of family's regulation.It is a kind of organic coating protective agent that Sai Er buds are beautiful, is passed through
Young fruit period foliage spray, one layer of organic coating protective agent is formed on blade face and fruit surface, and protection apple preserves from, forms
Stealthy protected by bagging.The pure natural growth of apple is realized, maintains the hardness of fruit and colouring uniform, at utmost realized
Photosynthesis and replenish the calcium, prevention softens simultaneously has significant protective effect to fruit face, and prevention has been hindered to physiology such as bitter pit, fruit russeting
Effect.By pruning fruit tree into the slender spindle-shaped of ventilation and penetrating light is conducive to, solve the problems, such as ventilation and penetrating light, make apple it is uniform on
Color.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out by composite insecticide, the incidence of disease that apple is fallen ill is reduced.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Selenium-enriched apple implantation methods of the invention, comprise the following steps：
Comprise the following steps：
(1) plot selection：Planting site should select good mountain region, the xerocline of deep, fertile soil layer, loosing soil, moisture condition
Ground and hilly ground, its soil organic matter content are not less than 1.5%, and soil acidity or alkalinity is between 6~7.5；Apple nursery stock height 1~
1.5m, digs field planting hole 0.8mX0.8mX0.8m before planting, subsoil is separated with table soil, and every mu is applied 1200~1500kg of Selenium-rich composite fertilizer,
Backfilled after mixing with table soil, be filled to away from ground 20cm, treaded, the spacing 1.5mX3m of nursery stock.Selenium-rich composite fertilizer includes following weight
The composition of part：40 parts of urea, 28 parts of animal dung, 9 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of potassium selenite, 7 parts of humic acid,
0.7 part of paclobutrazol, 6 parts of wood chip, 0.6 part of EDTA chelated zincs.
(2) prepared by Se-enriched bio nutritional agents：The Se-enriched bio nutritional agents includes the component of following weight portion：Sodium selenite
25 parts, 4 parts of compound amino acid part, 9 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of EM zymophytes；
(3) root system fertilising：Early March, is digging annular fertilization ditch, furrow width 40cm, depth at 80~120cm of apple tree trunk
40cm, it is husky in the thick ventilating leakage-proofs of bottom of trench laying 2cm, Selenium-rich composite fertilizer is applied in dressing furrow, being then covered by soil makes annular
Dressing furrow is concordant with ground；
(4) foliage dressing：Fallen flowers phase respectively in apple, young fruit period, middle fruiting period are prepared to apple foliage-spray step (2)
Se-enriched bio nutritional agents, the amount of spraying is every mu of 50~60kg every time, and each interval time was at 20~25 days；It is described to spray selenium-rich
During biological nutritive agent, in the fallen flowers phase, nutritional agents is diluted with water 50~60 times, in young fruit period, nutritional agents is diluted with water 40
~50 times, in middle fruiting period, nutritional agents is diluted with water 30~40 times；When Se-enriched bio nutritional agents is sprayed, if under after spraying
Rain, need to fill spray once after rain stops, and the amount of spraying is as before.The protection of machine epithelium is sprayed with step (4) to apple leaf surface
Agent.Every fruit tree after 80~100 times of " Sai Er buds are beautiful " organic coating protective agent dilute with water is sprayed into 150~250ml, every time between
Every 15~20 days.
(5) staking and shaping：Stand cultivation is carried out to apple tree, free spindle or slender spindle are trimmed to tree-like
Shape, by the height of tree control of apple tree in 2.5~3m, hat width is 1.5~1.8m, dry 60~80cm high, the dry upper growth 10 in center~
15 major branches, the spacing of major branch is 20~25cm, 60~90 ° of the spreading angle of major branch；Apple number prune after with cut oil sealing and
When smear.
(6) timely collecting, the μ g/kg of Se content 35~50 in pulp after ripe apples.
Selenium-rich composite fertilizer of the invention and Se-enriched bio nutritional agents are rich in protein, amino acid, energy accelerator and various
Trace element promotes fruit tree growth, can effectively facilitate plant fast-growth, strengthens plant photosynthetic efficiency, improves yield.
Florescence and fruiting period improve the utilization rate of fertilizer stage by stage using the Se-enriched bio nutritional agents of various concentrations, and using sprinkling
The mode that both fruit tree and soil application combine causes that the selenium-rich effect of apple becomes apparent.Se content in pulp after ripe apples
35~50 μ g/kg, meet the sanitary standard of the selenium limitation fruit selenium content≤50 μ g/kg of national regulation.It is a kind of that Sai Er buds are beautiful
Organic coating protective agent, by young fruit period foliage spray, one layer of organic coating protective agent, protection is formed on blade face and fruit surface
Apple preserves from, and forms the protected by bagging of stealth.The pure natural growth of apple is realized, hardness and the colouring of fruit is maintained
Uniformly, at utmost realize and photosynthesis and replenish the calcium, prevention softens simultaneously has significant protective effect to fruit face, to bitter pit,
The physiology such as fruit russeting have hindered prevention effect.By pruning fruit tree into the slender spindle-shaped of ventilation and penetrating light is conducive to, ventilation and penetrating light is solved
Problem, apple is uniformly painted.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out by composite insecticide, the incidence of disease that apple is fallen ill is reduced.
Embodiment 2
As different from Example 1, the Selenium-rich composite fertilizer in step (1) includes the composition of following weight portion：30 parts of urea,
25 parts of animal dung, 8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium selenite, 5 parts of humic acid, 0.5 part of paclobutrazol, wood chip 4
Part, 0.5 part of EDTA chelated zincs.Step (2) plants Se-enriched bio nutritional agents includes the component of following weight portion：20 parts of sodium selenite,
3 parts of compound amino acid part, 8 parts of urea, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of EM zymophytes.
Embodiment 3
As different from Example 1, the Selenium-rich composite fertilizer in step (1) includes the composition of following weight portion：45 parts of urea,
30 parts of animal dung, 10 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of potassium selenite, 8 parts of humic acid, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 8 parts of wood chip,
0.8 part of EDTA chelated zincs.Step (2) plants Se-enriched bio nutritional agents includes the component of following weight portion：30 parts of sodium selenite, is combined
5 parts of amino acid part, 10 parts of urea, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of EM zymophytes.
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not used to limit invention, all spiritual and originals in invention
Within then, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) plot selection：Planting site should select the good mountain region of deep, fertile soil layer, loosing soil, moisture condition, arid hillside field and
Hilly ground, its soil organic matter content is not less than 1.5%, and soil acidity or alkalinity is between 6~7.5；Apple nursery stock height 1~
1.5m, digs field planting hole 0.8mX0.8mX0.8m before planting, subsoil is separated with table soil, and every mu is applied 1200~1500kg of Selenium-rich composite fertilizer,
Backfilled after mixing with table soil, be filled to away from ground 20cm, treaded, the spacing 1.5mX3m of nursery stock；
(2) prepared by Se-enriched bio nutritional agents：The Se-enriched bio nutritional agents includes the component of following weight portion：Sodium selenite 20~
30 parts, compound amino acid parts 3~5 parts, 8~10 parts of urea, 2~3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10~20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, EM fermentations
6~10 parts of bacterium；
(3) root system fertilising：Early March, is digging annular fertilization ditch, furrow width 40cm, depth at 80~120cm of apple tree trunk
40cm, it is husky in the thick ventilating leakage-proofs of bottom of trench laying 2cm, Selenium-rich composite fertilizer is applied in dressing furrow, being then covered by soil makes annular
Dressing furrow is concordant with ground；
(4) foliage dressing：The richness that fallen flowers phase respectively in apple, young fruit period, middle fruiting period are prepared to apple foliage-spray step (2)
Selenium biological nutritive agent, the amount of spraying is every mu of 50~60kg every time, and each interval time was at 20~25 days；It is described to spray Se-enriched bio
During nutritional agents, in the fallen flowers phase, nutritional agents is diluted with water 50~60 times, in young fruit period, nutritional agents is diluted with water 40~50
Times, in middle fruiting period, nutritional agents is diluted with water 30~40 times；
(5) staking and shaping：Stand cultivation is carried out to apple tree, free spindle or slender spindle like is trimmed to tree-like,
By the height of tree control of apple tree in 2.5~3m, hat width is 1.5~1.8m, does 60~80cm high, the dry upper growth 10~15 in center
Major branch, the spacing of major branch is 20~25cm, 60~90 ° of the spreading angle of major branch；
(6) timely collecting, the μ g/kg of Se content 35~50 in pulp after ripe apples.
2. selenium-enriched apple implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is Se-enriched in the step (1)
Composition of the fertilizer including following weight portion：30~45 parts of urea, 25~30 parts of animal dung, 8~10 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride 15
~25 parts, 3~5 parts of potassium selenite, 5~8 parts of humic acid, 0.5~1 part of paclobutrazol, 4~8 parts of wood chip, EDTA chelated zincs 0.5~
0.8 part.
3. selenium-enriched apple implantation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The Selenium-rich composite fertilizer includes following heavy
Measure the composition of part：40 parts of urea, 28 parts of animal dung, 9 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of potassium selenite, humic acid 7
Part, 0.7 part of paclobutrazol, 6 parts of wood chip, 0.6 part of EDTA chelated zincs.
4. selenium-enriched apple implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Rapid (4) are spraying Se-enriched bio
During nutritional agents, if raining after spraying, need to be filled spray after rain stops once, the amount of spraying is as before.
5. selenium-enriched apple implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Apple number is pruned in the step (5)
After smeared in time with cutting oil sealing.
6. selenium-enriched apple implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also to apple leaf in the step (4)
Organic coating protective agent is sprayed on surface, will spray 150 after 80~100 times of organic coating protective agent dilute with water to every fruit tree~
250ml, every minor tick 15~20 days.
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| CN201710122333.5A CN106883070A (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2017-03-03 | A kind of selenium-enriched apple implantation methods |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107896789A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-13 | 桂林满梓玉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield high-quality apple |
| CN108605634A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏宏业生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich bergamot pear |
| CN110337978A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 云南朱果农业科技有限公司 | A kind of apple efficient cultivation method suitable for southern red loam |
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| CN108605634A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏宏业生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich bergamot pear |
| CN110337978A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 云南朱果农业科技有限公司 | A kind of apple efficient cultivation method suitable for southern red loam |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |
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