CN108558393A - 耐磨氧化锆陶瓷 - Google Patents
耐磨氧化锆陶瓷 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108558393A CN108558393A CN201810048677.0A CN201810048677A CN108558393A CN 108558393 A CN108558393 A CN 108558393A CN 201810048677 A CN201810048677 A CN 201810048677A CN 108558393 A CN108558393 A CN 108558393A
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- Prior art keywords
- zirconia ceramics
- wear
- parts
- zirconium oxide
- resisting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical group [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052587 fluorapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229940077441 fluorapatite Drugs 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical group [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RHFUXPCCELGMFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(6-cyano-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-4-yl)-n-phenylmethoxyacetamide Chemical compound OC1C(C)(C)OC2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2C1N(C(=O)C)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 RHFUXPCCELGMFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 12
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- DMGNFLJBACZMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O[P] Chemical compound O[P] DMGNFLJBACZMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTUSEBKMEQERQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(C)O XTUSEBKMEQERQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHQXROVTUTVPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].[P] Chemical compound [F].[P] ZHQXROVTUTVPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000244 elbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
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- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,该耐磨氧化锆陶瓷包括以下重量份组分:氧化锆70~85份;钙质混合物8~15份;改性氧化铝3~6份;粘结剂8~15份;表面活性剂8~12份。改性氧化铝提高氧化锆再结晶能力,使四方相氧化锆可保留至室温或更低温,增加氧化锆陶瓷的韧性,且改性氧化铝的比表面积较为稳定,不会急剧减小,稳定,则氧化锆陶瓷可吸收较大的能量,裂纹不易形成,氧化锆陶瓷随反复变形能力大,不易形成疲劳剥落,即耐磨性好;钙质混合物填充入氧化锆陶瓷,增加材料结构强度,使氧化锆陶瓷具有高硬度和耐磨性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制品技术领域,特别是涉及耐磨氧化锆陶瓷。
背景技术
作为新型高技术陶瓷,氧化锆陶瓷具有高强度、高断裂韧性以及优异的隔热性能以及耐高温性能等属性,被广泛的应用于结构陶瓷和功能陶瓷领域。另外,氧化锆没有磁性、不导电、不生锈,其在生物医学器械领域和道具、工具领域中也应用很广。近来,部分稳定氧化锆(TZP)可以通过粉末冶金方法,制备避磁的手表表壳、耐腐的表件和其它仪器零件。除了上述的应用,TZP还广泛地应用于装饰、生活、医学、压电陶瓷、传感器陶瓷等领域。不论氧化锆陶瓷应用于何种领域,其制成的部件都需要具有高耐磨性,以长久保持部件的形状结构,延长使用寿命。
发明内容
基于此,本发明提供一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其具有良好的耐磨性,不易擦花和磨损,具有较长使用寿命的特点。
一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,包括以下重量份组分:
上述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,改性氧化铝提高氧化锆再结晶能力,使四方相氧化锆可保留至室温或更低温,增加氧化锆陶瓷的韧性,且改性氧化铝的比表面积较为稳定,不会急剧减小,稳定,则氧化锆陶瓷可吸收较大的能量,裂纹不易形成,氧化锆陶瓷随反复变形能力大,不易形成疲劳剥落,即耐磨性好;钙质混合物填充入氧化锆陶瓷,增加材料结构强度,使氧化锆陶瓷具有高硬度和耐磨性。
在其中一个实施例中,氧化锆为钇稳定氧化锆。
在其中一个实施例中,钙质混合物为羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的混合物。
在其中一个实施例中,钙质混合物中羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为70~85:1。
在其中一个实施例中,羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.67~1.7:1。
在其中一个实施例中,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的粒径为10~40nm。
在其中一个实施例中,粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
在其中一个实施例中,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的12~23%。
在其中一个实施例中,改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于助溶剂中,搅拌均匀,再向上述的溶液中加入纳米负离子材料和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将上述的混合体系进行浸渍、焙烧、粉碎的步骤后得到改性氧化铝。
在其中一个实施例中,表面活性剂为钛酸盐、硬脂酸、磷酸盐或硅烷。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。
本发明提供一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,可应用注射成型工艺制成陶瓷制品,所制得的陶瓷制品硬度高,耐磨性佳。所述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷包括以下重量份组分:
本发明耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,改性氧化铝提高氧化锆再结晶能力,使四方相氧化锆可保留至室温或更低温,增加氧化锆陶瓷的韧性,且改性氧化铝的比表面积较为稳定,不会急剧减小,稳定,则氧化锆陶瓷可吸收较大的能量,裂纹不易形成,氧化锆陶瓷随反复变形能力大,不易形成疲劳剥落,即耐磨性好;钙质混合物填充入氧化锆陶瓷,增加材料结构强度,使氧化锆陶瓷具有高硬度和耐磨性。
优选地,氧化锆的质量含量≥90%,选用钇稳定氧化锆,钇稳定氧化锆的制备方法为:将氧氯化锆、硝酸钇加入聚乙烯醇溶液中,搅拌均匀后,加入戊二醛溶液,在温度为40~50℃的条件下搅拌8~15min,得到Zr4+有机网络凝胶,将所述凝胶取出,静置后切块,并置于氨水中浸泡15~20h后,烘干、煅烧,得到氧化钇稳定的氧化锆粉体,获得以四方相存在的钇稳定氧化锆粉体。
钙质混合物为纳米级的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的颗粒混合物,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的混合物填入坯体的网络结构中,与氧化锆羟相互支撑,增加氧化锆陶瓷的强度与耐磨性。
氟磷酸钙与羟基磷灰石结构相近,两者互相增强,氟磷酸钙中磷酸钙可降低羟基磷灰石的分离度,保持其稳定性。较优地,钙质混合物中羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为70~85:1,效果最佳。
羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.67~1.7:1,此时,羟基磷灰石为纯羟基磷灰石,没有杂质的影响。羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比小于1.67:1时,羟基磷灰石中含有β-磷酸钙,羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比大于1.7:1时,羟基磷灰石中含有氧化钙,两种杂质对氧化锆陶瓷的结构强度有减弱的影响。
较优地,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的粒径为10~45nm,此粒径的纳米级的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的流动性较好,可更好地均匀混合其他物料,使氧化锆陶瓷的耐磨性能均匀一致。
一些实施例中,粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
石蜡中含有直链烷烃、带个别支链的烷烃和带长侧链的单环环烷烃,本发明优选直链烷烃的质量含量≥80%的石蜡,其余为带个别支链的烷烃。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的12~23%。
偶联剂为硬脂酸和/或其酯类衍生物,其中,酯类衍生物可以为硬脂酸丁酯和/或硬脂酸辛酯。
上述粘结剂的制备方法为:按重量份计,取石蜡35~50份、微晶蜡5~10份、高密度聚乙烯8~15份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物4~8份、无规聚丙烯2~5份、偶联剂1~3份投入密炼机,在预设温度170~200℃中进行混炼均匀,使各组分充分熔融,混合均匀,出料冷却至室温,获得粘结剂。
一些实施例中,改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于助溶剂中,搅拌均匀,获得混合溶液;向混合溶液中加入纳米负离子材料和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将混合体系经过浸渍、焙烧、粉碎后得到改性氧化铝。
助溶剂为丙醇水溶液、丙二醇水溶液、异丙醇水溶液中的一种。
纳米负离子材料为锗石粉、绿泥石粉、锂电气石粉、凝灰岩粉、石灰石粉中的一种。
表面活性剂为钛酸盐、硬脂酸、磷酸盐或硅烷。
一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份计,取氧化锆70~85份、钙质混合物8~15份、改性氧化铝3~6份、粘结剂8~15份、表面活性剂8~12份,将氧化锆、钙质混合物、改性氧化铝与表面活性剂混合,加入乙醇后,球磨混合,干燥、过筛,得到浆料;
步骤2:将浆料与粘结剂混合,混炼、造粒,得到注射用喂料;
步骤3:将喂料注射成型,得到生坯;将生坯进行排胶、烧结,得到氧化锆陶瓷的素坯。
排胶包括溶剂脱脂与热脱脂步骤。
溶剂脱脂为:将生坯浸入正庚烷,脱脂温度为25~35℃,保持8~20h,可脱除70%以上石蜡。
热脱脂为:将溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入脱脂炉中,在氮气气氛下,气体流量为10~15升/分钟,以1~3℃/min的升温速度升温至350℃,并保持2.5h,之后升温至500℃,并保持3h,获得脱脂后的坯体。
以下为具体实施例。
实施例1
本实施例的一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,包括以下重量份组分:
氧化锆选用钇稳定氧化锆。
钙质混合物采用粒径为10~45nm的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的颗粒混合物,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为85:1。
羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.67:1。
粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
石蜡中直链烷烃的质量含量为82%。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的18%。
偶联剂为硬脂酸和硬脂酸丁酯的混合物,硬脂酸和硬脂酸丁酯的质量比为1:1。
改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于丙二醇水溶液中,搅拌均匀,获得混合溶液;向混合溶液中加入纳米锗石粉和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将混合体系经过浸渍、焙烧、粉碎后得到改性氧化铝。
表面活性剂为硅烷。
上述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份计,取氧化锆70份、钙质混合物10份、改性氧化铝3份、粘结剂8份、表面活性剂10份,将氧化锆、钙质混合物、改性氧化铝与表面活性剂混合,加入乙醇后,球磨混合,干燥、过筛,得到浆料;
步骤2:将浆料与粘结剂混合,混炼、造粒,得到注射用喂料;
步骤3:将喂料注射成型,得到生坯;将生坯进行溶剂脱脂与热脱脂,然后烧结,得到氧化锆陶瓷的素坯。
溶剂脱脂为:将生坯浸入正庚烷,脱脂温度为30℃,保持10h,脱除75%石蜡。
热脱脂为:将溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入脱脂炉中,在氮气气氛下,以1℃/min的升温速度升温至400℃,并保持2.5h,之后升温至500℃,并保持3h,获得脱脂后的坯体。
步骤4:对素坯进行机械加工、打磨、抛光,获得氧化锆陶瓷制品。
实施例2
本实施例的一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,包括以下重量份组分:
氧化锆选用钇稳定氧化锆。
钙质混合物采用粒径为10~45nm的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的颗粒混合物,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为82:1。
羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.68:1。
粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
石蜡中直链烷烃的质量含量为88%。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的20%。
偶联剂为为硬脂酸丁酯和硬脂酸辛酯的混合物,硬脂酸丁酯和硬脂酸辛酯的质量比为1:1。
改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于丙醇水溶液中,搅拌均匀,获得混合溶液;向混合溶液中加入纳米凝灰岩粉和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将混合体系经过浸渍、焙烧、粉碎后得到改性氧化铝。
表面活性剂为钛酸盐。
上述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份计,取氧化锆72份、钙质混合物8份、改性氧化铝4份、粘结剂10份、表面活性剂9份,将氧化锆、钙质混合物、改性氧化铝与表面活性剂混合,加入乙醇后,球磨混合,干燥、过筛,得到浆料;
步骤2:将浆料与粘结剂混合,混炼、造粒,得到注射用喂料;
步骤3:将喂料注射成型,得到生坯;将生坯进行溶剂脱脂与热脱脂,然后烧结,得到氧化锆陶瓷的素坯。
溶剂脱脂为:将生坯浸入正庚烷,脱脂温度为25℃,保持20h,脱除76%石蜡。
热脱脂为:将溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入脱脂炉中,在氮气气氛下,以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至400℃,并保持2.5h,之后升温至500℃,并保持3h,获得脱脂后的坯体。
步骤4:对素坯进行机械加工、打磨、抛光,获得氧化锆陶瓷制品。
实施例3
本实施例的一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,包括以下重量份组分:
氧化锆选用钇稳定氧化锆。
钙质混合物采用粒径为10~45nm的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的颗粒混合物,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为80:1。
羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.7:1。
粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
石蜡中直链烷烃的质量含量为80%。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的18%。
偶联剂为硬脂酸和硬脂酸辛酯的混合物,硬脂酸和硬脂酸辛酯的质量比为2:1。
改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于丙醇水溶液中,搅拌均匀,获得混合溶液;向混合溶液中加入纳米凝灰岩粉和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将混合体系经过浸渍、焙烧、粉碎后得到改性氧化铝。
表面活性剂为硬脂酸。
上述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份计,取氧化锆75份、钙质混合物12份、改性氧化铝3.5份、表面活性剂8份,将氧化锆、钙质混合物、改性氧化铝与表面活性剂混合,加入乙醇后,球磨混合,干燥、过筛,得到浆料;
步骤2:取粘结剂12份重量份,将浆料与粘结剂混合,混炼、造粒,得到注射用喂料;
步骤3:将喂料注射成型,得到生坯;将生坯进行溶剂脱脂与热脱脂,然后烧结,得到氧化锆陶瓷的素坯。
溶剂脱脂为:将生坯浸入正庚烷,脱脂温度为32℃,保持10h,脱除76%石蜡。
热脱脂为:将溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入脱脂炉中,在氮气气氛下,以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至400℃,并保持2.5h,之后升温至500℃,并保持3h,获得脱脂后的坯体。
步骤4:对素坯进行机械加工、打磨、抛光,获得氧化锆陶瓷制品。
实施例4
本实施例的一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,包括以下重量份组分:
氧化锆选用钇稳定氧化锆。
钙质混合物采用粒径为10~45nm的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的颗粒混合物,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为75:1。
羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.67:1。
粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
石蜡中直链烷烃的质量含量为85%。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的20%。
偶联剂为硬脂酸丁酯和硬脂酸辛酯的混合物,硬脂酸丁酯和硬脂酸辛酯的比为2:1。
改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于异丙醇水溶液中,搅拌均匀,获得混合溶液;向混合溶液中加入纳米锗石粉和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将混合体系经过浸渍、焙烧、粉碎后得到改性氧化铝。
表面活性剂为钛酸盐。
上述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份计,取氧化锆80份、钙质混合物15份、改性氧化铝5份、表面活性剂11份,将氧化锆、钙质混合物、改性氧化铝与表面活性剂混合,加入乙醇后,球磨混合,干燥、过筛,得到浆料;
步骤2:取粘结剂13份重量份,将浆料与粘结剂混合,混炼、造粒,得到注射用喂料;
步骤3:将喂料注射成型,得到生坯;将生坯进行溶剂脱脂与热脱脂,然后烧结,得到氧化锆陶瓷的素坯。
溶剂脱脂为:将生坯浸入正庚烷,脱脂温度为28℃,保持15h,脱除75%石蜡。
热脱脂为:将溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入脱脂炉中,在氮气气氛下,以1℃/min的升温速度升温至400℃,并保持2.5h,之后升温至500℃,并保持3h,获得脱脂后的坯体。
步骤4:对素坯进行机械加工、打磨、抛光,获得氧化锆陶瓷制品。
实施例5
本实施例的一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,包括以下重量份组分:
氧化锆选用钇稳定氧化锆。
钙质混合物采用粒径为10~45nm的羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的颗粒混合物,羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为70:1。
羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.68:1。
粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
石蜡中直链烷烃的质量含量≥90%。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的20%。
偶联剂为硬脂酸。
改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于异丙醇水溶液中,搅拌均匀,获得混合溶液;向混合溶液中加入纳米凝灰岩粉和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将混合体系经过浸渍、焙烧、粉碎后得到改性氧化铝。
表面活性剂为硬脂酸。
上述耐磨氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:按重量份计,取氧化锆85份、钙质混合物14份、改性氧化铝4.5份、表面活性剂12份,将氧化锆、钙质混合物、改性氧化铝与表面活性剂混合,加入乙醇后,球磨混合,干燥、过筛,得到浆料;
步骤2:取粘结剂15份重量份,将浆料与粘结剂混合,混炼、造粒,得到注射用喂料;
步骤3:将喂料注射成型,得到生坯;将生坯进行溶剂脱脂与热脱脂,然后烧结,得到氧化锆陶瓷的素坯。
溶剂脱脂为:将生坯浸入正庚烷,脱脂温度为30℃,保持12h,脱除78%石蜡。
热脱脂为:将溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入脱脂炉中,在氮气气氛下,以1℃/min的升温速度升温至400℃,并保持2.5h,之后升温至500℃,并保持3h,获得脱脂后的坯体。
步骤4:对素坯进行机械加工、打磨、抛光,获得氧化锆陶瓷制品。
取实施例1至5的氧化锆陶瓷制品进行耐磨性测试,结果如表1。
表1
由结果可知,采用本发明耐磨氧化锆陶瓷制成的陶瓷制品,硬度高,耐磨性佳。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,包括以下重量份组分:
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述氧化锆为钇稳定氧化锆。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述钙质混合物为羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的混合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述钙质混合物中羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的质量比为70~85:1。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述羟基磷灰石中Ga和P的摩尔比为1.67~1.7:1。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述羟基磷灰石与氟磷酸钙的粒径为10~40nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述粘结剂包括以下重量份的组分:
8.根据权利要求7所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中醋酸乙烯占乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物重量的12~23%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述改性氧化铝的制备方法为:将纳米氧化铝溶于助溶剂中,搅拌均匀,再向上述的溶液中加入纳米负离子材料和二氧化硅,得到混合体系,将上述的混合体系进行浸渍、焙烧、粉碎的步骤后得到改性氧化铝。
10.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为钛酸盐、硬脂酸、磷酸盐或硅烷。
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