CN108551961A - A method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease - Google Patents
A method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN108551961A CN108551961A CN201810463024.9A CN201810463024A CN108551961A CN 108551961 A CN108551961 A CN 108551961A CN 201810463024 A CN201810463024 A CN 201810463024A CN 108551961 A CN108551961 A CN 108551961A
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- podocarpus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
Abstract
The method that this programme discloses a kind of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease in plant pest management field, includes the following steps:Plant cloves:When the early spring cloves is planted in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting;Spring and the higher fertilizer of nitrogen content is applied to grafting in the fall, second day of fertilising, soy beans is poured onto after being stirred evenly with water on grafting;When first 2 months of dead leaf after being ill occurs in podocarpus, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 10~15 days, choosing period of time is sprayed at 8~11 points, and the raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes are 50~60 parts of 1~5 part of Chinese Gall, 5~10 parts of jasmine powder, 10~20 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;There is dead leaf 2~May after being ill, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 10~15 days, choosing period of time is sprayed at 8~11 points, sprays the raw material that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes and its 50~60 parts of ferrous sulfate 1~5, Chinese Gall 1~5, Chinese mahonia powder 10~20 and water that parts by weight are 0.2~0.3% concentration.Method in this programme can effectively prevent podocarpus dead leaf disease.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant pest management field, more particularly to a kind of method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease.
Background technology
Podocarpus, scientific name:Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) D.Don, English name:Yaccatree is
One kind of pine tree also known as arhat China fir, arhat China fir green for a long time, native China fir, golden larch, celestial cypress, Thujopsis dolabrata, Jiangnan cypress, are aiphylliums, can
Up to 20 meters, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is up to 60 centimetres, it will usually which to keep short, leaf alternate also divides male and female with spiral-shaped arrangement for trimming, kind
Female to be more than seed, maturation takes on a red color, in addition the seed of green, red frock, therefore named podocarpus are worn like the Buddhist monk of shaven head.Sieve
Chinese pine is common in South China, including one band of Hong Kong.Since basin plants podocarpus for ornamental, timber is for building, medicinal
And engraving, so its value is very high.
Podocarpus dead leaf disease is the common disease in flower garden, greenery patches, and main harm blade, disease early stage is mostly at tender tip position
Occur on blade, blade morbidity mostly since blade tip, leaf margin, extends again to phyllopodium, and scab bar shaped or irregular shape, taupe is extremely
Canescence, edge reddish tan, the strong intersection of disease is apparent, sick withered spot up to the 1/2 or 2/3 of blade greatly, the serious entire tip of a branch
Blade it is withered, form that branch is withered or most of blade is dead, the later stage, disease minister went out flat pore, this for germ point
Raw spore, influences landscape.The ground such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, Macao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Urumchi, Nanchang, Chongqing, Jinan have
Occur.Podocarpus dead leaf disease is to intend disk by the podocarpus of Deuteromycotina, Coelomycetes, Melanconiales, Melanconiaceae, Hirsutella
Caused by stey infects.Blade epidermis is broken through when the aceravlus maturation of germ, the conidium for gushing out grey black carries out
Propagation is infected, conidia germination preference temperature is 25 DEG C or so.
For prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease it is usually used be chemical pesticide fungicide, due to largely being made using chemical pesticide
At problem of environmental pollution be on the rise.Meanwhile using chemical pesticide fungicide, various phytopathogen strains being made to generate drug resistance
Property, drug resistance, increase the difficulty of prevention, in addition cause prevention fail.In addition, chemical pesticide is not because it has selectivity, it is right
Beneficial biology will also result in threat.Moreover, many chemical pesticides are non-degradables or are difficult to degrade, it is easy in animal and plant body
Interior accumulation and pollute the enrichment of object.
As the public is higher and higher to " pollution-free food ", " pollution-free food ", the requirement of " green environment ", market is to no dirt
Dye, can the ecological agricultural chemical demand of natural degradation also gradually increase.From the point of view of the development of pesticide science, used in pesticide manufacturing upper
" Harmless " of " back to nature " and pesticide is the inexorable trend of society and Development of Natural Science, therefore new bio wide spectrum
Fungicide has wide development prospect.
Invention content
The invention is intended to provide a kind of method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease, mostly used with solving existing podocarpus dead leaf disease
Chemical bactericide leads to the problem of enhancing of podocarpus drug resistance and easy recurrent exerbation.
A kind of method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease in this programme, includes the following steps:
Step 1: grafting:At the early spring, stock is chosen, chooses 2~5cm meters of leaf podocarpus sprays as scion, before grafting
Stock is trimmed, is then cut off at the top of stock, 1~2 notch is cut at stock section after a resection, is inserted on notch
Upper scion bundlees scion and stock with film, then plastics freshness protection package is sleeved on scion and grafting part;
Step 2: plantation cloves:When the early spring cloves is planted in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting;
Step 3: spring and the higher fertilizer of nitrogen content applied to grafting in the fall, and second day of fertilising, by soybean
It grinds, is poured onto on grafting after being stirred evenly with water;
Step 4: when there is first 2 months of dead leaf after being ill, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 10~15 days, sprinkling in podocarpus
The raw material and its parts by weight that choosing period of time includes in the morning 8~11 point, a phase bacteriostatic agent are 1~5 part of Chinese Gall, jasmine
50~60 parts of 5~10 parts of powder, 10~20 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;There is dead leaf 2~May after being ill, every 10~15 days
The primary the second stage of bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling, the raw material and its parts by weight that sprinkling choosing period of time includes in the morning 8~11 point, the second stage of bacteriostatic agent
For 10~20 parts of 1~5 part of 1~5 part of ferrous sulfate, Chinese Gall, the Chinese mahonia powder and water 50 of 0.2~0.3% concentration
~60 parts.
The advantageous effect of this programme:The early spring is the podocarpus optimum season of growth, chooses the great Ye podocarpus to reach maturity
The survival ability of scion can be made stronger as stock, the podocarpus after grafting, survival rate can reach 95% or so;
Contain eugenol in the fragrance of cloves, is colourless or pale yellow liquid, there is strong cloves fragrance, it is not soluble in water,
Have the function of sterilizing, plants cloves in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting, the eugenol that cloves gives out can effectively kill disease
Bacterium;
Spring and in the fall, is podocarpus main growth period, can be applied at this time thin based on nitrogenous fertilizer several times
Liquid fertilizer promotes growth, second day after fertilising, will be stirred evenly with water after soy beans, since soybean nitrogen content is higher
It is poured onto on grafting after being mixed with water, may additionally facilitate absorption of the root to fertilizer while moisturizing in this way;
Dead leaf disease early stage mostly occurs on the blade at tender tip position, dead leaf disease occur after first 2 months, blade morbidity mostly from
Blade tip, leaf margin start, and are extended to phyllopodium, scab bar shaped or irregular shape, taupe to canescence, edge reddish tan, and disease is strong
Intersection is apparent, sprays a phase bacteriostatic agent, and the Chinese gall sterilization in a phase bacteriostatic agent and bacteriostasis are relatively strong and antimicrobial spectrum is wider,
There is stronger bactericidal ability to a variety of bacillus and coccus;Jasmine can kill a variety of probiotics, be avoided that sieve in early days
Chinese pine is when infecing dead leaf disease while infecting other probiotics viroids;Mitogenetic spore can effectively be killed and be inhibited to Chinese mahonia
Sub-disk;After being diluted above-mentioned raw materials with water, the growth of aceravlus can effectively be inhibited by being sprayed at diseased region, while can also be prevented
Only podocarpus infects other germs during this period;Dead leaf after being ill before 2~5 months, lesion grows flat pore,
This is the aceravlus of germ, and aceravlus in the environment of PH6~7 suitable for growing, and podocarpus is suitable in slant acidity ring
It is grown in border, sprays the second stage of bacteriostatic agent at this time, increased ferrous sulfate can adjust podocarpus diseased region in the second stage of bacteriostatic agent
PH value, due to generating fungi optimum growth in the environment of PH6~7 of dead leaf disease, and podocarpus podocarpus is preferably grown in partially
In acid soil environment, and the salt content in soil can not be excessively high, otherwise also results in young leaves tip jaundice browning, because
This ferrous sulfate for being added a concentration of 0.2~0.3% starves the acidity for improving soil, greatly with Chinese Gall, ten by ferrous sulfate
After contribution powder and water mixing, the growth of dead leaf disease germ can effectively be controlled by being sprayed at lesion, spray a phase bacteriostatic agent and two
The period of phase bacteriostatic agent is all 8~11 points, this period podocarpus can carry out photosynthesis, and intensity of illumination will not be compared with
Height is conducive to podocarpus and absorbs a phase bacteriostatic agent or the second stage of bacteriostatic agent.
Further, before bundling scion and stock with film, gibberellin water aqua is smeared in the contact position of scion and stock.It is red
Mycin aqua can promote scion to grow.
Further, it is stock to choose silver-colored China fir.Silver-colored China fir belongs to Pinaceae with podocarpus, and the two has compared with strong affinity, therefore transfers
The survival rate connect is also higher, and easy infection dead leaf disease, the podocarpus less easy infection dead leaf for grafting out with silver-colored China fir be not sick for silver-colored China fir.
Further, cake fertilizer is applied to stock before choosing stock.The water and fertilizer management for reinforcing stock before grafting, allows it to accumulate more
More nutrients can provide more nutrients in follow-up cultivation scion, and it is stronger that more substantial then vitality is developed in scion.
Further, the raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes are 1 part of Chinese Gall, 5 parts of jasmine powder, ten
50 parts of 10 parts of big contribution powder and water;The raw material and its parts by weight that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes are the ferrous sulfate 1 of 0.2% concentration
Part, 1 part of Chinese Gall, 10 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and 50 parts of water.
Further, the raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes are 3 parts of Chinese Gall, 8 parts of jasmine powder, ten
55 parts of 15 parts of big contribution powder and water;The raw material and its parts by weight that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes are the ferrous sulfate of 0.25% concentration
55 parts of 3 parts, 3 parts of Chinese Gall, 15 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water.
Further, the raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes be 5 parts of Chinese Gall, 10 parts of jasmine powder,
60 parts of 20 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;The raw material and its parts by weight that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes are that the sulfuric acid of 0.3% concentration is sub-
60 parts of 5 parts of iron, 5 parts of Chinese Gall, 20 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific implementation mode, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
A method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease, concrete operation step are:
Step 1: grafting:At the early spring, it is stock to choose silver-colored China fir, is applying cake fertilizer to silver-colored China fir using preceding, is choosing 2~5cm meters
Leaf podocarpus spray trims stock before grafting as scion, then cuts off the big leaf branch of stock and does, stock after a resection
1~2 notch is cut at section, scion is plugged on notch, smears gibberellin water aqua in the contact position of scion and stock, use is thin
Film bundlees scion and stock, then plastics freshness protection package is sleeved on scion and grafting part;
Step 2: plantation cloves:When the early spring cloves is planted in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting;
Step 3: spring and the higher fertilizer of nitrogen content applied to grafting in the fall, and second day of fertilising, by soybean
It grinds, is poured onto on grafting after being stirred evenly with water;
Step 4: when first 2 months of dead leaf after being ill occurs in podocarpus, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 10 days sprays the period
At 8 points, raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes are 1 part of Chinese Gall, 5 parts of jasmine powder, ten big work(for selection
50 parts of 10 parts of labor powder and water;There is dead leaf 2~May after being ill, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 10 days sprays choosing period of time
At 8 points, spray the raw material that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes and its ferrous sulfate 1 that parts by weight are 0.2% concentration, Chinese Gall 1,
50 parts of Chinese mahonia powder 10 and water.
Embodiment 2:
A method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease, concrete operation step are:
Step 1: grafting:At the early spring, it is stock to choose silver-colored China fir, is applying cake fertilizer to silver-colored China fir using preceding, is choosing 2~5cm meters
Leaf podocarpus spray trims stock before grafting as scion, then cuts off the big leaf branch of stock and does, stock after a resection
1~2 notch is cut at section, scion is plugged on notch, smears gibberellin water aqua in the contact position of scion and stock, use is thin
Film bundlees scion and stock, then plastics freshness protection package is sleeved on scion and grafting part;
Step 2: plantation cloves:When the early spring cloves is planted in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting;
Step 3: spring and the higher fertilizer of nitrogen content applied to grafting in the fall, and second day of fertilising, by soybean
It grinds, is poured onto on grafting after being stirred evenly with water;
Step 4: when first 2 months of dead leaf after being ill occurs in podocarpus, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 13 days sprays the period
At 9 points, raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes are 3 parts of Chinese Gall, 8 parts of jasmine powder, ten big work(for selection
55 parts of 15 parts of labor powder and water;There is dead leaf 2~May after being ill, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 13 days sprays choosing period of time
At 9 points, the raw material that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes and its ferrous sulfate 1~5, gallnut extract that parts by weight are 0.25% concentration are sprayed
55 parts of end 3, Chinese mahonia powder 15 and water.
Embodiment 3:
A method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease, concrete operation step are:
Step 1: grafting:At the early spring, it is stock to choose silver-colored China fir, is applying cake fertilizer to silver-colored China fir using preceding, is choosing 2~5cm meters
Leaf podocarpus spray trims stock before grafting as scion, then cuts off the big leaf branch of stock and does, stock after a resection
1~2 notch is cut at section, scion is plugged on notch, smears gibberellin water aqua in the contact position of scion and stock, use is thin
Film bundlees scion and stock, then plastics freshness protection package is sleeved on scion and grafting part;
Step 2: plantation cloves:When the early spring cloves is planted in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting;
Step 3: spring and the higher fertilizer of nitrogen content applied to grafting in the fall, and second day of fertilising, by soybean
It grinds, is poured onto on grafting after being stirred evenly with water;
Step 4: when first 2 months of dead leaf after being ill occurs in podocarpus, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 15 days sprays the period
At 11 points, raw material and its parts by weight that a phase bacteriostatic agent includes be 5 parts of Chinese Gall, 10 parts of jasmine powder, ten big for selection
60 parts of 20 parts of contribution powder and water;There is dead leaf 2~May after being ill, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 15 days, the choosing of sprinkling period
It selects and sprays the raw material that the second stage of bacteriostatic agent includes and its ferrous sulfate 5, gallnut extract that parts by weight are 0.3% concentration at 11 points
60 parts of end 5, Chinese mahonia powder 20 and water.
Choose the soil of identical regional, same fertility, the rice leaf podocarpus spray of growth conditions of the same race, in difference in 2017
Using each growing and cultivation podocarpus of method 347 in Examples 1 to 3, common plantation (comparative example 1);Obtained data are as follows:
In table, bacterium colony content is per cm2Dead leaf disease germ content.
As can be seen from the table, it using Examples 1 to 3,1 implantation methods of comparative example, is compared using Examples 1 to 3
1 podocarpus survival rate of example is significantly higher, and acid-base value grows suitable for arhat pine tree, is not suitable for dead leaf disease pathogen growth, bacterium colony content
It is few, therefore incidence is relatively low, recurrence rate is also lower.
As can be seen from the table, using the method for this programme, opposite higher, the incidence with commonsense method podocarpus survival rate
It is relatively low.
Above-described is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known concrete structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all do not interfere with what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, in specification
The records such as specific implementation mode can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:Step 1: grafting:In the early spring
When, stock is chosen, 2~5cm meters of leaf podocarpus sprays is chosen as scion, stock is trimmed before grafting, then cuts off anvil
The wooden top cuts 1~2 notch at stock section after a resection, scion is plugged on notch, with film bundle scion with
Stock, then plastics freshness protection package is sleeved on scion and grafting part;
Step 2: plantation cloves:When the early spring cloves is planted in the circumferentially-spaced of grafting;
Step 3: spring and applying the higher fertilizer of nitrogen content to grafting in the fall, second day of fertilising, soybean is ground
It is broken, it is poured onto on grafting after being stirred evenly with water;
Step 4: when first 2 months of dead leaf after being ill occurs in podocarpus, the phase bacteriostatic agent of sprinkling in every 10~15 days sprays the period
It is 1~5 part of Chinese Gall, jasmine powder to select the raw material for including in the morning 8~11 point, a phase bacteriostatic agent and its parts by weight
50~60 parts of 5~10 parts, 10~20 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;Occur dead leaf 2~May after being ill, spraying within every 10~15 days
Primary second phase bacteriostatic agent, the raw material and its parts by weight that sprinkling choosing period of time includes in the morning 8~11 point, the second stage of bacteriostatic agent are
10~20 parts of 1~5 part of 1~5 part of ferrous sulfate, Chinese Gall, the Chinese mahonia powder and water 50 of 0.2~0.3% concentration~
60 parts.
2. the method for prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:With film binding scion and
Before stock, gibberellin water aqua is smeared in the contact position of scion and stock.
3. the method for prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:It is stock to choose silver-colored China fir.
4. the method for prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:To stock before choosing stock
Apply cake fertilizer.
5. the method for prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The original that one phase bacteriostatic agent includes
Material and its parts by weight are 50 parts of 1 part of Chinese Gall, 5 parts of jasmine powder, 10 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;The second stage of bacteriostatic agent
Including raw material and its parts by weight be 0.2% concentration 10 parts of 1 part of 1 part of ferrous sulfate, Chinese Gall, Chinese mahonia powder
With 50 parts of water.
6. the method for prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The original that one phase bacteriostatic agent includes
Material and its parts by weight are 55 parts of 3 parts of Chinese Gall, 8 parts of jasmine powder, 15 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;The second stage of bacteriostatic agent
Including raw material and its parts by weight be 0.25% concentration 3 parts of 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, Chinese Gall, Chinese mahonia powder 15
55 parts of part and water.
7. the method for prevention podocarpus dead leaf disease according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The original that one phase bacteriostatic agent includes
Material and its parts by weight are 60 parts of 5 parts of Chinese Gall, 10 parts of jasmine powder, 20 parts of Chinese mahonia powder and water;Second phase is antibacterial
The raw material and its parts by weight that agent includes are 5 parts of 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, Chinese Gall, the Chinese mahonia powder 20 of 0.3% concentration
60 parts of part and water.
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2018
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CN103461401A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-25 | 卞佳林 | Natural fungicide for preventing and treating gingko wilt disease and preparation method thereof |
CN107853044A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-30 | 广西壮族自治区金秀瑶族自治县科学技术情报研究所 | The mating system of the elegant pearl podocarpus of gold |
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