CN108547165A - 一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108547165A
CN108547165A CN201810216652.7A CN201810216652A CN108547165A CN 108547165 A CN108547165 A CN 108547165A CN 201810216652 A CN201810216652 A CN 201810216652A CN 108547165 A CN108547165 A CN 108547165A
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韩祥
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳及其制备方法,其包括依次紧密设置的五层结构,所述五层结构从内到外依次为复合纤维芯层、绝缘无纺布层、蕉麻纤维纱层、超高分子聚乙烯纤维带层和钢丝层。本发明的钢丝绳采用了来源广泛的天然棉纤维和蕉麻纤维,降低了加工成本,同时增加了钢丝绳的韧性和纤维的力学性能。此外绝缘无纺布层可防水防潮、绝缘、屏蔽、粘连、轻、软、结实、有弹性;还含有玻璃纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维,超高分子聚乙烯纤维,这些高性能纤维增强了纤维的力学性能,同时绝缘效果好。

Description

一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及钢丝绳技术领域,尤其是涉及一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳及其制备方法。
背景技术
钢丝绳起到承受载荷的作用,其性能主要由钢丝决定。钢丝是碳素钢或合金钢通过冷拉或冷轧而成的圆形(或异形)丝材,具有很高的强度和韧性,并根据使用环境条件不同对钢丝进行表面处理。钢丝绳按绳芯分为纤维芯和金属绳芯两类。纤维芯钢丝绳柔软,弯曲性能好。钢丝绳在工作中受碰撞和冲击载荷时,纤维芯能起缓冲作用。在纤维芯钢丝绳中,纤维芯分为天然纤维和合成纤维。天然纤维芯储油多,钢丝绳在工作时,内部有足够的润滑,并能减缓钢丝的腐蚀。合成纤维芯(如:聚丙烯、聚乙烯)具有强韧性好、不吸水、耐酸、耐碱、耐腐蚀等特点。现有技术的钢丝绳缺少一种能够耐磨性良好、绝缘性能好的多种纤维合成的钢丝绳。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳及其制备方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳,包括依次设置的五层结构,所述五层结构从内到外依次为复合纤维芯层、绝缘无纺布层、蕉麻纤维纱层和超高分子聚乙烯纤维带层。
所述复合纤维芯是采用有机胶液与棉纤维纱固化复合而成,其操作步骤如下:(1)将棉纤维纱从纱架上拉出,经过导纱辊后平行送入浸胶装置;(2)配置有机胶液,将60%至90%的环氧树脂,5%至30%的固化剂,1至3%的分散剂,4至6%的催化剂和0至10%的填料依次投入混合机中混合搅拌均匀,形成有机胶液;(3)将步骤(2)中配置好的有机胶液搅拌均匀后采用90目的网筛进行过滤后加入浸胶装置中,棉纤维纱经过浸胶装置浸渍有机胶液后再经过挤压装置、固化装置固化成型后,经牵引装置牵引后,最后由收卷机进行收卷备用;
所述绝缘无纺布是采用玻璃纤维、聚丙烯纤维、氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂复合而成,其制备工艺为:将聚丙烯经过加热熔解后加入氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂,充分搅拌均匀,然后将螺杆挤压机挤出后形成聚丙烯纤维,然后和玻璃纤维在高温条件下复合形成无纺布;
所述蕉麻纤维纱层是由蕉麻纤维经多根纤维复合加捻形成;
所述聚乙烯纤维带是将超高分子聚乙烯纤维经多道张力辊进行辊压后,包覆在聚酰亚胺纤维上,加捻合成小股,然后经过树脂浸渍成型、固化后,形成超高分子聚乙烯纤维带。
进一步地,所述成型后的复合纤维芯体积含量为65%~85%,截面直径为0.35至5.0毫米。
进一步地,所述聚丙烯、氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂的质量百分比为70:15:10:5。
上述一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将复合纤维芯进行表面处理,去除多余的胶液,然后多股复合纤维芯合股捻合成复合纤维芯层;
(2)将绝缘无纺布以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在复合纤维芯层的外表面上,形成所述绝缘无纺布层;
(3)将蕉麻纤维纱以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(2)的所述绝缘无纺布层上,形成所述蕉麻纤维纱层;
(4)将聚乙烯纤维带以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(3)的所述蕉麻纤维纱层上,形成所述聚乙烯带层;
(5)将合股加捻后的钢丝以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(4)的所述聚乙烯带层上,形成所述钢丝层。
进一步地,所述绝缘无纺布层的厚度为1mm至2mm,宽为2.5cm。
进一步地,所述聚乙烯复合纤维带的宽为2cm,厚为5mm至8mm。
发明的优点是:本发明的复合纤维芯钢丝绳使用天然棉纤维作为芯层,其来源广泛,耐折叠、使用寿命长;同时采用蕉麻纤维纱层,增加了钢丝绳的韧性和纤维的力学性能;绝缘无纺布层可防水防潮、绝缘、屏蔽、粘连、轻、软、结实、有弹性;还含有玻璃纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维,超高分子聚乙烯纤维,这些高性能纤维增强了纤维的力学性能,同时绝缘效果好。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外,本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照具体实施方式,对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
具体实施方式
为使本发明技术方案的目的和优点更加清楚,下面将结合具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,但本发明所描述的实施例只是是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳,包括依次设置的五层结构,所述五层结构从内到外依次为复合纤维芯层、绝缘无纺布层、蕉麻纤维纱层和超高分子聚乙烯纤维带层。所述复合纤维芯是采用有机胶液与棉纤维纱固化复合而成,其操作步骤如下:(1)将棉纤维纱从纱架上拉出,经过导纱辊后平行送入浸胶装置;(2)配置有机胶液,将60%至90%的环氧树脂,5%至30%的固化剂,1至3%的分散剂,4至6%的催化剂和0至10%的填料依次投入混合机中混合搅拌均匀,形成有机胶液;(3)将步骤(2)中配置好的有机胶液搅拌均匀后采用90目的网筛进行过滤后加入浸胶装置中,棉纤维纱经过浸胶装置浸渍有机胶液后再经过挤压装置、固化装置固化成型后,经牵引装置牵引后,最后由收卷机进行收卷备用;所述成型后的复合纤维芯体积含量为65%~85%,截面直径为0.35至5.0毫米。所述绝缘无纺布是采用质量玻璃纤维、聚丙烯纤维、氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂复合而成,具体制备工艺为:将75份聚丙烯经过加热熔解后加入15份氯化石蜡、10份纳米填料、5份稳定剂,充分搅拌均匀,然后将螺杆挤压机挤出后形成聚丙烯纤维,然后和玻璃纤维在高温条件下复合形成无纺布;所述蕉麻纤维纱层是由蕉麻纤维经多根纤维复合加捻形成;所述聚乙烯纤维带是将超高分子聚乙烯纤维经多道张力辊进行辊压后,包覆在聚酰亚胺纤维上,加捻合成小股,然后经过树脂浸渍成型、固化后,形成超高分子聚乙烯纤维带。
上述一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将复合纤维芯进行表面处理,去除多余的胶液,然后多股复合纤维芯合股捻合成复合纤维芯层;
(2)将绝缘无纺布以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在复合纤维芯层的外表面上,形成所述绝缘无纺布层;
(3)将蕉麻纤维纱以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(2)的所述绝缘无纺布层上,形成所述蕉麻纤维纱层;
(4)将聚乙烯纤维带以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(3)的所述蕉麻纤维纱层上,形成所述聚乙烯带层;
(5)将合股加捻后的钢丝以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(4)的所述聚乙烯带层上,形成所述钢丝层。

Claims (6)

1.一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳,其特征在于:包括依次紧密设置的五层结构,所述五层结构从内到外依次为复合纤维芯层、绝缘无纺布层、蕉麻纤维纱层、超高分子聚乙烯纤维带层和钢丝层;所述复合纤维芯是采用有机胶液与棉纤维纱固化复合而成,其操作步骤如下:(1)将棉纤维纱从纱架上拉出,经过导纱辊后平行送入浸胶装置;(2)配置有机胶液,将60%至90%的环氧树脂,5%至30%的固化剂,1至3%的分散剂,4至6%的催化剂和0至10%的填料依次投入混合机中混合搅拌均匀,形成有机胶液;(3)将步骤(2)中配置好的有机胶液搅拌均匀后采用90目的网筛进行过滤后加入浸胶装置中,棉纤维纱经过浸胶装置浸渍有机胶液后再经过挤压装置、固化装置固化成型后,经牵引装置牵引后,最后由收卷机进行收卷备用;所述绝缘无纺布是采用玻璃纤维、聚丙烯纤维、氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂复合而成,其制备工艺为:将聚丙烯经过加热熔解后加入氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂,充分搅拌均匀,然后将螺杆挤压机挤出后形成聚丙烯纤维,然后和玻璃纤维在高温条件下复合形成无纺布;所述蕉麻纤维纱层是由蕉麻纤维经多根纤维复合加捻形成;所述聚乙烯纤维带是将超高分子聚乙烯纤维经多道张力辊进行辊压后,包覆在聚酰亚胺纤维上,加捻合成小股,然后经过树脂浸渍成型、固化后,形成超高分子聚乙烯纤维带。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳,其特征在于:所述成型后的复合纤维芯体积含量为65%~85%,截面直径为0.35至5.0毫米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳,其特征在于:所述聚丙烯、氯化石蜡、纳米填料、稳定剂的质量百分比为70:15:10:5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将复合纤维芯进行表面处理,去除多余的胶液,然后多股复合纤维芯合股捻合成复合纤维芯层;
(2)将绝缘无纺布以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在复合纤维芯层的外表面上,形成所述绝缘无纺布层;
(3)将蕉麻纤维纱以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(2)的所述绝缘无纺布层上,形成所述蕉麻纤维纱层;
(4)将聚乙烯纤维带以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(3)的所述蕉麻纤维纱层上,形成所述聚乙烯带层;
(5)将合股加捻后的钢丝以螺旋的方式缠绕且完全覆盖在所述步骤(4)的所述聚乙烯带层上,形成所述钢丝层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳的制备方法,其特征在于:所述绝缘无纺布层的厚度为1mm至2mm,宽为2.5cm。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合纤维芯钢丝绳的制备方法,其特征在于:所述聚乙烯复合纤维带的宽为2cm,厚为5mm至8mm。
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