CN108530085A - 一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料 - Google Patents

一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料 Download PDF

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CN108530085A
CN108530085A CN201810614028.2A CN201810614028A CN108530085A CN 108530085 A CN108530085 A CN 108530085A CN 201810614028 A CN201810614028 A CN 201810614028A CN 108530085 A CN108530085 A CN 108530085A
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porcelain
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porcelain veneer
teeth
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唐洁
李佳
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Changsha Peng Deng Biological Ceramics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，采用SiC‑AlN复合陶瓷材料，具体包括以下重量百分比的组分：SiC65‑75%，AlN10‑15%，TiO22‑3%，SiO25‑8%，B2O31‑4%，MgO0.5‑3%，CaO0.5‑3%，ZnO0.5‑3%，还包括以下重量百分比的添加组分：Cr2O30.2‑2%，Co2O30.2‑2%；制备的修补牙齿瓷贴面抗弯强度为180‑210MPa，热膨胀系数达为12.1‑12.5×10‑6/℃。

Description

一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料
技术领域
本发明涉及牙齿修复体用陶瓷材料，尤其涉及一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料。
背景技术
瓷贴面又称牙贴面，是采用粘结技术，对牙齿表面缺损、着色牙、变色牙和畸形牙等， 在保存活髓、少磨牙或不磨牙的情况下，用修复材料直接或间接粘结覆盖，以恢复牙体正常形态和改善其色泽的一种修复方法，现有铸瓷贴面、氧化锆贴面等备牙量较多，对牙体损伤程度高于烤瓷贴面；而且对着色牙、变色牙体无法完全遮盖，影响美学修复效果。
树脂贴面是指将复合树脂材料经直接或间接的方式粘接固定于患牙唇、颊面的一种保
存性美学修复方法。其优点为不磨牙或少磨牙，可恢复牙齿的表面形态和基本颜色，疗程较短，尤其直接树脂贴面可一次就诊完成修复，且费用相对较低。但树脂类修复体的强度较低，易磨损、变色，美学表现及持久性不如瓷材料。而瓷贴面修复后的颜色效果更美观；且不易变色，耐磨损，美学效果持久，可基本恢复原有牙冠的强度，对周边组织无刺激，生物相容性好。但瓷贴面为间接修复，疗程长，制作工艺繁杂，费用较高。
陶瓷贴面应易于塑形，颜色和邻牙一致，能高度抵御化学制剂，并即使经过直接的热处理也能保持高的挠曲强度，而且其特点是能与陶瓷支架极好地附着。粉末和浆料通常用作生产陶瓷贴面的起始材料。陶瓷贴面的性质取决于起始材料的化学和晶体学特征以及颗粒大小。
碳化硅陶瓷具有硬度高、耐强温、耐氧化、耐腐蚀、高温高强度，分解温度高、化学稳定性好、热抗震性好，导热率高等优点，在石油、冶金、化工等诸多领域有广泛的应用，但碳化硅陶瓷热膨胀系数低，导热性差。氮化铝是一种综合性能优良的新型陶瓷材料，具有优良的热传导性（理论热导率可达 320W/(m·K)），无毒，并且与碳化硅在原子尺寸、分子量、密度以及晶体结构相似，因而引起了不少研究者的关注。目前已有采用氧化锆、氧化铝复合陶瓷材料制备陶瓷贴面的研究，但没有将其用于牙齿瓷贴面的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，采用SiC-AlN复合陶瓷材料，具体包括以下重量百分比的组分：SiC65-75%，AlN10-15%，TiO22-3%，SiO25-8%，B2O3 1-4%，MgO0.5-3%，CaO0.5-3%，ZnO0.5-3%。
进一步地，包括以下重量百分比的组分：SiC68-73%，AlN12-14%，TiO22-3%，SiO26-7%，B2O3 2-3.5%，MgO1.5-2.5%，CaO1.5-2.5%，ZnO1.5-2.5%。
进一步地，还包括以下重量百分比的添加组分：Cr2O30.2-2%，Co2O30.2-2%。
进一步地，着色剂包括 Ce、Fe、Mn、Sn、V、In、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Tb、Dy、Er的氧化物中的一种或几种。
一种采用上述复合材料的修补牙齿瓷贴面的制备方法为：（1）陶瓷贴面原料按照配方进行混合，加入分散剂、粘结剂，制得混合原料，然后加水球磨混合 2~6 小时，制得SiC-AlN 复合基质浆料；（2）将步骤（1）制得的 SiC-AlN 复合基质浆料喷雾造粒，压制成型，获得高密度坯体；（3）将步骤（2）制得的高密度坯体在60~80℃烘干10~15小时，然后在真空烧结炉中，1250~1500℃烧结8~12小时，制得修补牙齿瓷贴面。
本发明在SiC-AlN陶瓷材料中添加TiO2、SiO2、B2O3等成分，SiO2、B2O3形成硅硼酸盐可降低烧结温度，并促进晶体的生长，形成抗弯强度达到210MPa，热膨胀系数达到12 .5×10-6/℃的修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料。
Cr2O3、Co2O3可以增加瓷贴面色泽，使其更接近邻牙，达到美学修复的效果。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明SiC-AlN陶瓷复合材料的烧结温度为1250~1500℃，制备的修补牙齿瓷贴面抗弯强度为180-210MPa，热膨胀系数达为12.1-12 .5×10-6/℃。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中提供的陶瓷牙齿贴面成分及质量百分比如下表：
实施例编号 SiC AlN TiO2 SiO2 B2O3 MgO CaO ZnO
1 65 15 3 8 4 3 0.5 1.5
2 68 14 3 6 3 1.5 1.5 3
3 73 12 2.5 5 1 2.5 2.5 1.5
4 75 13 2 6.5 2 0.5 0.5 0.5
5 70 11 2.5 7 2.5 2 3 2
6 73 10 2 7 3.5 1 1 2.5
上述原料均选用原料纯度大于99.9%的市售产品，烧制原料平均颗粒尺寸为0.1μm。本发明的配方中与现有技术中多使用氧化铝或氧化锆作为陶瓷原料的主体不同，本发明中采用的是SIC-ALN作为陶瓷原料的主体，大大提高了材料的韧性和粘附能力，SiO2、B2O3形成硅硼酸盐可降低烧结温度，并促进晶体的生长，形成抗弯强度达到210MPa，热膨胀系数达到12 .5×10-6/℃的修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料。
上述试验中还包括实施例7、实施例8，采用的是向实施例5和6的配方中添加质量百分比为0.5%的Cr2O3和Co2O3，Cr2O3、Co2O3可以增加瓷贴面色泽，使其更接近邻牙，达到美学修复的效果。
牙齿瓷贴面的制备方法：（1）陶瓷贴面原料按照配方进行混合，加入分散剂、粘结剂，制得混合原料，然后加水球磨混合 2~6 小时，制得 SiC-AlN 复合基质浆料；（2）将步骤（1）制得的 SiC-AlN 复合基质浆料喷雾造粒，压制成型，获得高密度坯体；（3）将步骤（2）制得的高密度坯体在60~80℃烘干10~15小时，然后在真空烧结炉中，1250~1500℃烧结8~12小时，制得修补牙齿瓷贴面。
牙齿瓷贴面制备好以后进行后处理，后处理的方式为：超声清洗制成的牙齿瓷贴面5min，然后利用皮秒激光器对贴片表面进行激光蚀刻，蚀刻深度为6μm，所使用的激光的频率为800KHz，皮秒激光器功率为50W，脉冲宽度为10ps。蚀刻完毕后再次进行超声清洗5-10min，将蚀刻过程中所产生的杂质清洗掉。该后处理方法使贴面材料表面粗糙度提升，利于临床上将贴面粘接于牙齿本体上，而且能够在陶瓷贴面材料内部形成微观剪切带，有效提升抗冲击能力，使医生在使用本发明中的贴面后界面处理技术进行粘接时，大大缩短了临床粘接的时间，减少了传统粘接的工序，更简单、快捷，医生将患者选择的贴面涂上粘结剂，直接放在患者的牙齿上即可。
牙齿瓷贴面制备完成后以现有技术中的贴装方法，将牙齿瓷贴面粘合于作为牙齿模型的树脂立体牙上，待粘合完毕后进行测试，并设立对比例，所述对比例采用市售某牙齿瓷贴面，该贴面原料主要成分为氧化铝陶瓷。测试方法为显微镜观察外观，以及锤击至粉碎状态观察贴面与牙的粘结状态。
测试结果表明：实施例1-8中牙齿瓷贴面与牙齿都粘结良好，而对比例中的瓷贴面有部分脱落，37℃下热膨胀系数为12.1-12 .5×10-6/℃，抗弯强度为180-210MPa，符合牙齿瓷贴面使用过程中形态稳定的要求。
实施例中得到的牙齿瓷贴面与正常牙齿颜色一致，表面光滑，经使用反馈过程中对口腔无刺激，使用过程无任何不适。通过实施例与对比例之间的比较可看出，本发明中的牙齿瓷贴面与牙齿粘结能力更佳，更符合使用要求。
上面对本专利的较佳实施方式作了详细说明，但是本专利并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域的普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本专利宗旨的前提下做出各种变化。

Claims (5)

1.一种修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，其特征在于，采用SiC-AlN复合陶瓷材料，具体包括以下重量百分比的组分：SiC65-75%，AlN10-15%，TiO22-3%，SiO25-8%，B2O3 1-4%，MgO0.5-3%，CaO0.5-3%，ZnO0.5-3%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，其特征在于，包括以下重量百分比的组分：SiC68-73%，AlN12-14%，TiO22-3%，SiO26-7%，B2O3 2-3.5%，MgO1.5-2.5%，CaO1.5-2.5%，ZnO1.5-2.5%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，其特征在于，还包括以下重量百分比的添加组分：Cr2O30.2-2%，Co2O30.2-2%。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的修补牙齿瓷贴面的复合材料，其特征在于，着色剂包括Ce、Fe、Mn 、Sn 、V、In、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Tb、Dy、Er的氧化物中的一种或几种。
5.一种采用如权利要求1或2所述复合材料的牙齿瓷贴面的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：（1）陶瓷贴面原料按照配方进行混合，加入分散剂、粘结剂，制得混合原料，然后加水球磨混合 2~6 小时，制得 SiC-AlN 复合基质浆料；（2）将步骤（1）制得的 SiC-AlN复合基质浆料喷雾造粒，压制成型，获得高密度坯体；（3）将步骤（2）制得的高密度坯体在60~80℃烘干10~15小时，然后在真空烧结炉中，1250~1500℃烧结8~12小时，制得修补牙齿瓷贴面。
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