CN108522942A - 一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法，其主要步骤为：将采摘后的铁皮石斛去芽叶并剔除有次等茎后进行清洗；将清洗处理后的铁皮石斛鲜条在常温下摊放12小时；分批将铁皮石斛鲜条浸没于含茶多酚2％‑3％和茶多糖3％‑5％的常温水溶液中30秒钟，然后取出铁皮石斛鲜条置于竹筛中晾干，按包装规格放入洁净纸板箱即可出库。洁净的铁皮石斛枝条于阴凉处静置12小时左右使剪口利用鲜条自身的应急调节功能快速形成愈伤组织以保证伤口免受感染，采用茶多酚快速浸泡起到灭菌抑菌作用，而以茶多糖快速浸泡形成多糖薄膜层起有效减弱铁皮石斛鲜条的呼吸强度和水分扩散，达到保重保鲜的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品科学与工程领域，涉及一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜技术。
背景技术
据《本草纲目》记载，石斛具有“强阴益精，厚肠胃，平胃气，补内绝不足，长肌肉，益智除惊，轻身延年”之功效，是治疗阴虚、目暗、胃弱、声音嘶哑等疾病的良药。近几年国内铁皮石斛的生产量快速递增，其消费方式已过去以铁皮枫斗为主转换为已鲜条为主流。铁皮石斛鲜食可以清热、养阴、生津，可摄入大量的植物纤维，吸附体内垃圾与毒素，并帮助排出体外，鲜食还可以从植物中获得更多的鲜活叶绿素、净化血液、再生细胞、加速伤口复原、抑制变异细胞的发生，鲜食还能完整地摄取食物中的生理活性成分，促进人体新陈代谢。鲜铁皮石斛不仅保留了铁皮石斛的所有功效成份，而且比干品更容易吸收。由于铁皮石斛的最佳采收期是高温、高湿的5-6月份，即使是在运输过程的10天左右时间内，仍易造成铁皮石斛鲜条的失水、失重，进而影响其感官品质。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法，科学、经济、简易的保鲜工艺与技术，使采后铁皮石斛鲜条在常温下于15天内的失重率小于3％，口感无明显变化。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：将采收的铁皮石斛鲜条剔除芽叶和瘦弱僵化枝，用清水洗净后于阴凉处静置12小时左右待剪口伤流液干固，分批将铁皮石斛鲜条浸于含茶多酚和茶多糖的常温水溶液中浸泡25-35秒，然后取出铁皮石斛鲜条置于竹筛中晾干。先将洁净的铁皮石斛枝条于阴凉处静置12小时左右使剪口利用鲜条自身的应急调节功能快速形成愈伤组织以保证伤口免受感染，采用茶多酚快速浸泡起到灭菌抑菌作用，而以茶多糖快速浸泡形成多糖薄膜层起有效减弱铁皮石斛鲜条的呼吸强度和水分扩散，达到保重保鲜的效果。
所述的茶多酚和茶多糖为茶叶提取分离的天然产物物，其纯度在90％以上。
所述茶多酚和茶多糖水溶液为含茶多酚2％-3％和茶多糖3％-5％的水溶液。
本发明的有益效果是；本发明一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法，所述铁皮石斛鲜条为铁皮石斛(Dendrobium nobile)采收后剔除石斛芽叶的鲜茎。1.工艺简单，可操作性强：本发明其加工工艺为分选、清洗、晾干、浸泡、再晾干，工艺过程简单易操作，无需复杂设备与设施。
2.绿色环保：本发明利用茶叶中提取的茶多酚和茶多糖作保鲜剂，不添加其他任何化学物质，安全环保。洁净的铁皮石斛枝条于阴凉处静置12小时左右使剪口利用鲜条自身的应急调节功能快速形成愈伤组织以保证伤口免受感染，采用茶多酚快速浸泡起到灭菌抑菌作用，而以茶多糖快速浸泡形成多糖薄膜层起有效减弱铁皮石斛鲜条的呼吸强度和水分扩散，达到保重保鲜的效果。
具体实施方式
实例1将10kg铁皮石斛鲜条剔除芽叶和杂质和瘦弱僵化枝，用清水洗净沥干，薄摊于竹筛中于阴凉干燥处静置10小时，将铁皮石斛鲜条分4批次放入10公斤含1.5％茶多酚和4％茶多糖的常温水溶液中，每批浸泡30秒后取出置于竹筛中晾干，按包装规格放入洁净纸板箱即可出库。
实例2将100kg铁皮石斛鲜条剔除芽叶和杂质和瘦弱僵化枝，用清水洗净沥干，薄摊于阴凉、干燥的洁净地面静置12小时，将铁皮石斛鲜条分10批次放入50公斤含2％茶多酚和3％茶多糖的常温水溶液中，每批浸泡30秒后取出置于洁净台面晾干，按包装规格放入洁净纸板箱即可出库。
实例3将1000kg铁皮石斛鲜条剔除芽叶和杂质和瘦弱僵化枝，用清水洗净沥干，薄摊于阴凉、干燥的洁净地面静置12小时，将铁皮石斛鲜条分50批次放入100公斤含3％茶多酚和5％茶多糖的常温水溶液中，每批浸泡30秒后取出置于洁净台面晾干，按包装规格放入洁净纸板箱即可出库。
本发明的工艺过程简单，操作方便，可广泛应用于我国南方石斛种植企业，所用保鲜剂均为食品材料的天然产物。处理后的铁皮石斛鲜条在常温下15天内的失重率小于3％，口感无明显变化，完全满足简易包装运输的要求。具有较广阔的应用前景。
Claims (3)
1.一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法，其特征在于：将采收的铁皮石斛鲜条剔除芽叶和瘦弱僵化枝，用清水洗净后于阴凉处静置12小时左右待剪口伤流液干固，分批将铁皮石斛鲜条浸于含茶多酚和茶多糖的常温水溶液中浸泡25-35秒，然后取出铁皮石斛鲜条置于竹筛中晾干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法，其特征在于：所述的茶多酚和茶多糖为茶叶提取分离的天然产物物，其纯度在90％以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法，其特征在于：所述茶多酚和茶多糖水溶液为含茶多酚2％-3％和茶多糖3％-5％的水溶液。
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| CN109329398A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-15 | 西南林业大学 | 铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法 |
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| CN103444860A (zh) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-12-18 | 陈小强 | 茶多糖复合膜生物保鲜剂的制备方法及其在果蔬中的应用 |
| CN104068014A (zh) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-10-01 | 浙江欧银农业发展有限公司 | 一种铁皮石斛保鲜剂及保鲜方法 |
| CN105432600A (zh) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-03-30 | 浙江海洋学院 | 一种铁皮石斛保鲜剂及保鲜方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1817158A (zh) * | 2006-03-14 | 2006-08-16 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | 绿茶常温生物保鲜剂及其应用方法 |
| CN103444860A (zh) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-12-18 | 陈小强 | 茶多糖复合膜生物保鲜剂的制备方法及其在果蔬中的应用 |
| CN104068014A (zh) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-10-01 | 浙江欧银农业发展有限公司 | 一种铁皮石斛保鲜剂及保鲜方法 |
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| CN109329398A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-15 | 西南林业大学 | 铁皮石斛鲜条的保鲜方法 |
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