CN108450941A - 一种调节脂代谢的膳食组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉600～900份、魔芋提取物5～15份、荷叶提取物5～15份和低聚果糖2～8份。本发明的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，利用多种天然植物提取物、营养强化剂和藻类于一体，从而替代传统的保健品及药物，防治效果好，安全性强；通过现代生物工程液态发酵提取纯化分离技术，使得药材中有效成分充分释放，能有效改善机体代谢平衡、促进脂肪分解，同时具有降压、增强免疫力的作用，具有巨大的推广应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品技术领域，具体涉及一种调节脂代谢的膳食组合物。
背景技术
随着社会高科技、智能化、自动化时代的发展，大幅度降低了人类体力的支出，加之生活水平的提高，热量的大量摄入，导致肥胖人群激增，过度的脂肪堆积给人们生活带来诸多不便，同时也危害人们的身心健康。肥胖症是一种由多因素引起的慢性代谢性疾病。它可通过机体的代谢作用，引起全身多个系统的异常，如循环系统，消化系统，呼吸系统等，严重危害着人体健康，成为多种疾病的罪魁祸首。肥胖不论在发达国家还是在发展中国家都普遍存在。全世界有超过10亿人的成人超重，至少有3亿人属于过度肥胖。儿童肥胖可延续至成人期并产生持续危害，能造成心脑血管疾病，二型糖尿病，癌症、脂肪肝、退行性关节炎等疾病。由中国医疗保健国际交流促进会营养与代谢管理分会以及中国医师协会营养医师专业委员会、中国营养学会对肥胖和超重给予了准确定位：体重指数(BMI)：结合身高和体重用于判断人体超重/肥胖与否和程度的指数，计算公式为体重/身高(kg/m2)。目前我国成人BMI的切点为：18.5≤BMI＜24kg/m2为正常体重范围，24≤BMI＜28kg/m2为超重，BMI≥28kg/m2为肥胖。
研究表明，肥胖是一个明显而又复杂的代谢失调症，是一种可以影响机体正常功能的生理过程。这种营养障碍性疾病表现为体脂质量过多和脂肪组织与其他软组织的比例过高；调查研究结果显示，肥胖与饮食结构不合理，饮食无规律，饮食无度的不良习惯密切相关。长期睡眠不足可以引起分泌减少，从而增加食欲和饥饿感。长期饮食过量，营养过剩，导致脾胃之气虚弱，纳运失常，而津液无以正常运行、输布、停聚为痰，痰湿滋蔓周身，日久而成肥胖。市场上的减肥产品为了增加效果很多都添加了药物成分，出现黄疸、肝区不适、腹胀、食欲减退、恶心、乏力、转氨酶升高等肝功能受损的副作用。还有许多以抽油和泻肚方式减肥的方法，减肥快，反弹也快，减肥只起到精神作用，没有持续性。
有鉴于此，肥胖的治疗应从生活方式和科学营养饮食着手。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，把中医药学与营养学相结合，是一种具有减肥、降脂功能的绿色膳食组合物。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种调节脂代谢的膳食组合物。具体地，所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉600～900份、魔芋提取物5～15份、荷叶提取物5～15份和低聚果糖2～8份。
优选地，所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉700～800份、魔芋提取物8～12份、荷叶提取物8～12份和低聚果糖3～6份。
优选地，所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉750份、魔芋提取物10份、荷叶提取物10份和低聚果糖5份。
优选地，所述蛋白核小球藻粉的制备方法包括：将蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池水体中，调节水体pH值至6.5～7.5；加入培养基，植入二氧化碳发生器，20～30℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射5～7天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
优选地，所述水体为自来水或纯净水；所述培养基为葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素。
优选地，所述魔芋提取物的制备方法包括：将魔芋粉碎后放入石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
优选地，所述魔芋与石油醚的质量体积比为1：2～4。
优选地，所述荷叶提取物的制备方法包括：
将荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mo1/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
本发明所选用中草药的药性及药理如下：
蛋白核小球藻粉，是一种单细胞微藻植物，含有蛋白质50～67％，含有人体所需的20种氨基酸、多种维生素和微量元素，以及亚麻酸、亚油酸、胡萝卜素等成分。其生物素含量为每100克0.18～0.25毫克，参与碳水化合物，蛋白质和脂肪的代谢；叶绿素每100克含量2.4克，参与排出各种毒素；常量元素镁每100克含量243毫克，参与酶的活化，维持血管的收缩和舒张平衡，避免高血压和动脉粥样硬化。研究证明，小球藻细胞糖蛋白具有显著的抑瘤抗癌、增强免疫和抗病毒感染的活性，小球藻所含未知活性因子具有增强细胞代谢、延缓细胞衰老的活性。
魔芋提取物，富含魔芋多糖、淀粉、蛋白质和氨基酸，并含有生物碱、桦木酸、豆甾醇、葡萄糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、胡萝卜素、核黄素及人体必需的微量元素11种，此外还含大量的草酸钙结晶，是一种高纤维，低热能，营养丰富，色、香、味俱全的食品。现代医学实践证明，魔芋能降血脂、预防冠心病，还具有防治肥胖、促进肠蠕动、防止便秘、防止胆固醇沉积、降脂等功能。
荷叶提取物，含有莲碱、原荷叶碱和荷叶碱等多种生物碱及维生素C、多糖。有清热解毒、凉血、止血的作用。荷叶色青绿，气芬芳，是传统药膳中常选用的原料，具有有清暑利湿、升发清阳、凉血止血等功效。近年来国内外学者对荷叶进行了系统研究，发现其主要含有生物碱、黄酮、挥发油等成分，其中黄酮和生物碱类化合物的生物活性较高。药理研究表明，荷叶主要具有调脂减肥、抗氧化抗衰老、抑菌作用。
低聚果糖，又称蔗果低聚糖，是由1～3个果糖基通过β(2-1)糖苷键与蔗糖中的果糖基结合生成的蔗果三糖，蔗果四糖和蔗果五糖等的混合物，是一种新型低热值甜味剂及功能性食品重要的配料及营养强化剂，具有多种有益人体健康的生理功能，如改善肠道菌群的功能；低甜度、低热量；改善脂质代谢，降低血脂和胆固醇；产生有机酸，降低肠道pH，抑制腐败，预防便秘；提高免疫力、抑制、预防肿瘤；抗龋齿；促进钙等矿物质元素的吸收等功能。
本发明方法具有如下优点：
1、本发明的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，集天然植物提取物、营养强化剂和藻类于一体，通过合理比例进行优化复配，使各组分之间的药效产生协同作用，形成优势互补，调和阴阳。
2、采用现代生物工程液态发酵提取纯化分离技术，使得药材中的有效成分充分获得最大程度的释放，充分利用中草药的有效活性成分，有效祛除毒性物质。各配伍成分中的提取物均为新资源食品和药食同源食品，防治效果好，安全性强，以保证产品没有任何毒副作用和潜在的健康危害。
3、本发明的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，可以减少或抵消中药和西药带来的不良反应，不会产生毒副作用。食用方便，口感好，效果佳，适合各类人群的减肥和降血脂，具有巨大的推广应用价值。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，按以下步骤制备：
蛋白核小球藻粉的制备：将100g蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池的纯净水中，调节水体pH值至7；加入葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素，植入二氧化碳发生器，25℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射6天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
魔芋提取物的制备：将30g魔芋粉碎后放入90mL石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入300mL乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
荷叶提取物的制备：将200g荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mol/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
然后，将蛋白核小球藻粉750份、魔芋提取物10份、荷叶提取物10份和低聚果糖5份充分混匀，按照GB/T29602进行封装，每袋10g，置于常温、避光、干燥处保存，保质期常温下24个月。食用方法：每日两包，热水冲服，饭前食用。
实施例2
本实施例的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，按以下步骤制备：
蛋白核小球藻粉的制备：将120g蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池的自来水中，调节水体pH值至6.5；加入葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素，植入二氧化碳发生器，30℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射6天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
魔芋提取物的制备：将50g魔芋粉碎后放入100mL石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入500mL乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
荷叶提取物的制备：将400g荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mol/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
然后，将蛋白核小球藻粉800份、魔芋提取物5份、荷叶提取物15份和低聚果糖2份充分混匀，按照GB/T29602进行封装，每袋10g，置于常温、避光、干燥处保存，保质期常温下24个月。食用方法：每日两包，热水冲服，饭前食用。
实施例3
本实施例的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，按以下步骤制备：
蛋白核小球藻粉的制备：将80g蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池的自来水中，调节水体pH值至7.5；加入葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素，植入二氧化碳发生器，20℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射7天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
魔芋提取物的制备：将70g魔芋粉碎后放入280mL石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入2800mL乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
荷叶提取物的制备：将150g荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mol/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
然后，将蛋白核小球藻粉600份、魔芋提取物8份、荷叶提取物8份和低聚果糖3份充分混匀，按照GB/T29602进行封装，每袋10g，置于常温、避光、干燥处保存，保质期常温下24个月。食用方法：每日两包，热水冲服，饭前食用。
实施例4
本实施例的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，按以下步骤制备：
蛋白核小球藻粉的制备：将200g蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池的自来水中，调节水体pH值至6.8；加入葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素，植入二氧化碳发生器，22℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射5天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
魔芋提取物的制备：将20g魔芋粉碎后放入60mL石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入600mL乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
荷叶提取物的制备：将120g荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mol/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
然后，将蛋白核小球藻粉700份、魔芋提取物15份、荷叶提取物12份和低聚果糖3份充分混匀，按照GB/T29602进行封装，每袋10g，置于常温、避光、干燥处保存，保质期常温下24个月。食用方法：每日两包，热水冲服，饭前食用。
实施例5
本实施例的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，按以下步骤制备：
蛋白核小球藻粉的制备：将150g蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池的纯净水中，调节水体pH值至7.2；加入葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素，植入二氧化碳发生器，28℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射7天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
魔芋提取物的制备：将40g魔芋粉碎后放入100mL石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入1000mL乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
荷叶提取物的制备：将180g荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mol/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
然后，将蛋白核小球藻粉900份、魔芋提取物12份、荷叶提取物5份和低聚果糖6份充分混匀，按照GB/T29602进行封装，每袋10g，置于常温、避光、干燥处保存，保质期常温下24个月。食用方法：每日两包，热水冲服，饭前食用。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉600～900份、魔芋提取物5～15份、荷叶提取物5～15份和低聚果糖2～8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉700～800份、魔芋提取物8～12份、荷叶提取物8～12份和低聚果糖3～6份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述调节脂代谢的膳食组合物按照质量份数包括：蛋白核小球藻粉750份、魔芋提取物10份、荷叶提取物10份和低聚果糖5份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述蛋白核小球藻粉的制备方法包括：将蛋白核小球藻藻种接种至养殖池水体中，调节水体pH值至6.5～7.5；加入培养基，植入二氧化碳发生器，20～30℃通入二氧化碳条件下持续光照射5～7天；过滤采集蛋白核小球藻，分离，喷雾干燥后获取蛋白核小球藻粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述水体为自来水或纯净水；所述培养基为葡萄糖、硫酸镁、柠檬酸钙、磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和尿素。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述魔芋提取物的制备方法包括：将魔芋粉碎后放入石油醚中，60℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收石油醚，脱除游离还原糖，向滤渣中加入乙醇，70℃微波条件下加热回流0.5h；过滤回收乙醇，二次滤渣在60℃条件下低温干燥，即制得魔芋粉。
7.根据权利要求6所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述魔芋与石油醚的质量体积比为1：2～4。
8.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的调节脂代谢的膳食组合物，其特征在于：所述荷叶提取物的制备方法包括：
将荷叶晒干粉碎，加入2.667×10-6mol/(s.g)的纤维素酶，50℃条件下酶解2h，转入浓度为0.5％的稀盐酸浸提12～16h，70～80℃条件下45kHz超声振动30min，调节pH值至5-6，制得粗提取液；将粗提取液浓缩蒸发水至比重D＝1.15的浸膏，冷却至室温；加入浸膏10倍质量的氯仿搅拌至完全溶解，静置10～20min，分层萃取3次，浸膏喷粉，粉碎，混合制得荷叶提取物。
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