CN108450314A - A kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method - Google Patents

A kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108450314A
CN108450314A CN201810158664.9A CN201810158664A CN108450314A CN 108450314 A CN108450314 A CN 108450314A CN 201810158664 A CN201810158664 A CN 201810158664A CN 108450314 A CN108450314 A CN 108450314A
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cabbage mustard
nutrient solution
seed
seedling
simplification
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CN108450314B (en
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钟凤林
许茹
王树彬
林义章
吴章洪
华炜辉
林勇文
王会全
严逸男
曹萍
陈露
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method, belongs to agricultural production.Cabbage mustard is planted in the facility plastic greenhouse of fly net, according to the biological characteristics of cabbage mustard and insect pest occurrence characteristic, from nursery, utilize the comprehensive carry out integrated optimization of hydroponic device efficiency cultivation technology for high, obtain a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method, the cabbage mustard of technology production reaches green standard, yield is high, good quality.

Description

A kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural productions, and in particular to a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method.
Background technology
As the food-safe requirement of modern is higher and higher, it is pollution-free, without the remaining green vegetables of fertilizer and pesticide by Like to more citizen, pollution-free food is known as " rising industry ", has a vast market.United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization is sent out A report analysis of table shows that between past 10 years, national in the market at some, the sales volume year of green agricultural product passs Gaining rate is more than 20%.The stagnation in this and some general food markets forms striking contrast.Using industrial seedling rearing, height Effect water planting is to obtain the important way of green vegetables.
Water culture technique is the constraint broken away from by soil cultivation Traditional agriculture technology, has water-saving, saves fertilizer, saving of labor and subtract The features such as of low pollution, expands the space of agricultural production, raw to the high-end vegetables of China's modern agriculture, flowers, industrial seedling rearing etc. Production provides effective application and development.But the physiological property of Different Crop is different, harvest product organ is different, carries out water planting Technology requirement, especially solution culture facilities, nutrient composition, fertilization characteristic, pest and disease damage feature etc. are all different, and research is suitble to specific The required ciltivating process of plant growth have important theory and realistic meaning, increasing peasant income, rural development can be promoted.
Cabbage mustard（Brassica alboglabraL. H. Bailey）Also known as white flower cabbage mustard, greenery wild cabbage, cabbage mustard are (wide East), mustard, leaf mustard, be Cruciferae, Btassica annual herb plant, cultivation history is long, be China special vegetable One of, the southern areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian be one kind very by the favorite home cooking of people, even more situation of selling well Southeast Asia and port The outlet dish in Australia area.The tender flower stalk of cabbage mustard is tender, fresh and crisp, fresh and sweet, delicious, edible with flower a kind of sedge and tender leaf that fertilizer is tender, and every 100 Gram 92 ~ 93 grams of the fresh tender flower stalk moisture content of cabbage mustard, 51.3 ~ 68.8 milligrams of vitamin C, also considerable minerals are wild cabbage classes Nutrition can be stir-fried and eaten, soup food, or garnish food than a kind of more rich vegetables in vegetables.Cabbage mustard containing cellulose, carbohydrate etc..Its is sweet in flavor, Property it is pungent, have sharp aquation phlegm, removing toxic substances wind-dispelling, except heat symptoms caused by an exopathgen, solution is tired, clear away heart-fire improving eyesight and other effects.
The production of seedling is to obtain the precondition of high yield and high quality cabbage mustard, improper sowing and method for culturing seedlings so that cabbage mustard goes out Seedling is irregular, growth of seedling is slow, seedling is very thin, it is easy lodging, planting percent it is low.Seed for cabbage mustard and seedling characteristic use Hole plate seedling growth is industrial seedling rearing especially Gao Pin to hole tray selection, seed treatment, matrix selection and processing, seedling management etc. The core content of matter industrial seedling rearing carries out control, has growth of seedling rapid, and seedling age is short, and root system development is good, and seedling is healthy and strong, whole Together, transplanting seedling time is short after field planting, the advantages that easily surviving.
The insect pests such as mole cricket, cutworm, diamondback moth, aleyrodid, aphid, the prodenia litura often occurred in cabbage mustard cultivation, for seedling The characteristics of phase, cultivation phase difference insect pest, uses physical control and biological control from the overall process of sowing, nursery to water planting, improves Yield and quality.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method, existing cabbage mustard planting type, institute Ectocine is big, and seasonal apparent, yield and quality is difficult to control, and is implemented through the invention, and cabbage mustard cultivation is small by external interference, Yield and quality is high, and labour is few.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
1. a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method, the method includes：Nursery utilizes hydroponic device Efficient Cultivation；Its In, nursery includes hole tray selection, seed treatment, matrix selection and processing, seedling management, is specifically comprised the following steps：
（1）Hole tray selects：The hole tray for selecting 96 holes or 200 holes uses 1wt%KMnO before nursery4Solution or 1wt%CuSO4It is molten Liquid carries out disinfection；
（2）Seed treatment：55 DEG C of 8 ~ 10min of seed soaking, clear water rinse seed；0.1wt% KMnO48 ~ 10min of solution seed soaking, clear water Rinse seed；4 DEG C of seed soaking 1h, clear water rinse seed；20 DEG C of seed soaking 16 ~ for 24 hours, clear water rinses seed, sowing；
（3）Matrix selects and processing：Matrix formulations are by mass percentage：Straw mushroom residue and moss peat mixture 80% are answered Nitre phenol sodium or brassin or gibberellin 0.001 ~ 0.01%, seaweeds 2 ~ 4%, N 4%, P2O5 5%、K2O 6%, 1,000,000,000 spores/g's Dipel powder 1 ~ 3%, the mass percent of all substances and be 100%；The matrix prepared is packed into disinfection cabinet or disinfect box It is interior, it is passed through steam with snorkel, is heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C, 30 ~ 60min of closed disinfection；
（4）Seedling management：Seedling stage temperature（Daytime/evening）22~28℃/15~22℃；Pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, water management requirement See it is dry see it is wet；First 5 days progress low temperature hardenings of field planting, 18 ~ 22 DEG C/13 ~ 18 DEG C；Well developed root system is obtained by seedling management, is united Closely, lower embryo strain is short and thick, the high-quality cabbage mustard seedling of blade plumpness no disease and pests harm.
Described is included the following steps using hydroponic device Efficient Cultivation：
1）Field planting：The root system of cabbage mustard seedling is intertwined mutually with matrix, and cabbage mustard seedling is taken out from hole tray, need not be clear It washes, cup need not be planted, be directly inoculated into the culture hole of hydroponic device, cabbage mustard seedling is fixed using two layers of nylon wire, is prevented down Volt；
2）The timing node of nutrient solution prescription and fertilising：
After field planting：Nutrient solution prescription is N 16wt%+P2O5 16wt%+K2O 18wt%+ seaweeds 0.5wt%+ NiSO40.01~ 0.03wt%+TE 50wt%, surplus are water, and the sum of all components weight fraction is 100%, adjusting pH value 6.3 ~ 7.0, Ec values 1.5 ~ 1.8；Then 10 ~ 15min of nutrition liquid irrigation is spaced 30 ~ 40 min, such cyclic irrigation, 20:00-5:Without battalion between 00 Nutrient solution is irrigated, and nutrient solution supplements daily, and 15d replaces primary；
Peak of growing season：Nutrient solution prescription is N 20wt%+P2O5 8wt%+K2O 22wt%+ seaweeds 0.5wt%+TE 50wt%, it is remaining Amount is water, and the sum of all components weight fraction is 100%, adjusts pH value 6.3 ~ 7.0, Ec values 1.9 ~ 2.3；Nutrition liquid irrigation 15 ~ Then 20min is spaced 20 ~ 30 min, such cyclic irrigation, 20:00-5:Without nutrition liquid irrigation between 00, nutrient solution is every Its supplement, 15d replace primary；
Wherein, N is from potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, P2O5From calcium superphosphate, sodium phosphate, K2O is from potassium nitrate, sulfuric acid Potassium；
3）Insect pest prevention and control：Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp hangs 1 ~ 2/300m of density2, suspension height 1.5m；Yellow plate, backboard, Pickles moth sex attractant hangs 3 ~ 5/100m of density2, suspension height 1.3m.
It carries out disinfection to hydroponic device before field planting, uses 1wt%KMnO4Solution or 1wt%CuSO4Solution.
The hydroponic device, including T-shaped nutrient infusion pipeline 1 and T-shaped nutrient solution output channel 2, institute It states and is interconnected between nutrient infusion pipeline and nutrient solution output channel through cultivating pipeline 3, the cultivation pipeline is grown along it Degree direction is evenly equipped with several culture holes 4, and the cultivation pipeline is along nutrient infusion pipeline toward the side of nutrient solution output channel To tilting down 5 °；The nutrient infusion pipeline includes vertical inlet tube 5 and longitudinal inlet tube 6, and the vertical inlet tube connects Pass through the middle bottom of longitudinal inlet tube, the nutrient solution output channel includes vertical outlet tube 7 and longitudinal outlet tube 8, described perpendicular Straight outlet tube is communicated in the middle bottom of longitudinal outlet tube；The cultivation pipeline is arranged in parallel several, several cultivations Pipeline it is high-end be connected to longitudinal inlet tube, low side is connected to longitudinal outlet tube；The level height of the nutrient solution output channel Less than the level height of nutrient infusion pipeline.
The application method of hydroponic device：Nutrient solution is flowed into from T-shaped nutrient infusion pipeline 1, after flowing through cultivation pipeline 3 It is flowed out from T-shaped nutrient solution output channel 2, since cultivation pipeline 3 and the angle of horizontal plane are 5 °, nutrient solution can be from height It holds toward bottom end and flows, nutrition is provided for the cabbage mustard in culture hole.
The cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method refers to being planted in greenhouse, is isolated with the external world by fly net.
The remarkable advantage of the present invention is：
（1）Existing cabbage mustard planting type, institute's ectocine is big, and seasonal apparent, yield and quality is difficult to control, by this hair Bright implementation, cabbage mustard cultivation is small by external interference, and yield and quality is high, and labour is few.
（2）The mixed-matrix and benefit rhzomorph that the present invention uses, retain water and nutrients effect is good, can effectively prevent clubroot, stand The seedling stage diseases and pests such as blight, samping off, downy mildew, mole cricket and cutworm.
（3）The hydroponic device and Timing water supply fertilizer of the present invention can solve root system management problems.
（4）The present invention can reduce environmental pollution.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of cabbage mustard culture apparatus；
Fig. 2 is the cultivation effect figure of cabbage mustard culture apparatus；
Fig. 3 is to test the impact effect figure that different disposal sprouts cabbage mustard seed in 1；
Fig. 4 is the variation for testing the lower cabbage mustard root system volume of Different Nutrition liquid processing in 2.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
1. a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture refers to being planted in facility plastic greenhouse, it is isolated with the external world by fly net.Water Training device includes T-shaped nutrient infusion pipeline 1 and T-shaped nutrient solution output channel 2, the nutrient infusion pipeline with It is interconnected between nutrient solution output channel through cultivating pipeline 3, the cultivation pipeline is evenly equipped with several along its length direction Culture hole 4, the cultivation pipeline tilt down 5 ° along the direction of nutrient infusion pipeline toward nutrient solution output channel；The battalion Nutrient solution input channel includes vertical inlet tube 5 and longitudinal inlet tube 6, and the vertical inlet tube is communicated in the midsole of longitudinal inlet tube Portion, the nutrient solution output channel include vertical outlet tube 7 and longitudinal outlet tube 8, and the vertical outlet tube is communicated in longitudinal direction and goes out The middle bottom of liquid pipe；The cultivation pipeline is arranged in parallel several, high-end and longitudinal feed liquor of several cultivation pipelines Pipe connection, low side are connected to longitudinal outlet tube；The level height of the nutrient solution output channel is less than nutrient infusion pipeline Level height.（Such as Fig. 1）.It carries out disinfection to hydroponic device before plantation, uses 1wt%KMnO4Solution or 1wt%CuSO4Solution.
2. the nursery of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture includes hole tray selection, seed treatment, matrix selection and processing, seedling stage pipe Reason：
（1）Hole tray selects：The hole tray for selecting 96 holes or 200 holes uses 1wt%KMnO before nursery4Solution or 1wt%CuSO4It is molten Liquid carries out disinfection；
（2）Seed treatment：55 DEG C of 8 ~ 10min of seed soaking, clear water rinse seed；0.1wt% KMnO48 ~ 10min of solution seed soaking, clear water Rinse seed；4 DEG C of seed soaking 1h, clear water rinse seed；20 DEG C of seed soaking 16 ~ for 24 hours, clear water rinses seed, sowing；
（3）Matrix selects and processing：Matrix formulations are by mass percentage：Straw mushroom residue and moss peat mixture 80% are answered Nitre phenol sodium or brassin or gibberellin 0.001 ~ 0.01%, seaweeds 2 ~ 4%, N 4%, P2O5 5%、K2O 6%, 1,000,000,000 spores/g's Dipel powder 1 ~ 3%, the mass percent of all substances and be 100%；The matrix prepared is packed into disinfection cabinet or disinfect box It is interior, it is passed through steam with snorkel, is heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C, 30 ~ 60min of closed disinfection；
（4）Seedling management：Seedling stage temperature（Daytime/evening）22~28℃/15~22℃；Pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, water management requirement See it is dry see it is wet；First 5 days progress low temperature hardenings of field planting, 18 ~ 22 DEG C/13 ~ 18 DEG C；Well developed root system is obtained by seedling management, is united Closely, lower embryo strain is short and thick, the high-quality cabbage mustard seedling of blade plumpness no disease and pests harm.
3. being transplanted when seedling grows to 31 heart of leaf, the root system of cabbage mustard seedling is intertwined mutually with matrix, from hole tray Middle taking-up cabbage mustard seedling, need not clean, need not plant cup, directly be inoculated into the culture hole of hydroponic device, and plant utilizes two Layer nylon wire is fixed, and prevents plant from lodging.
The timing node of nutrient solution prescription and fertilising：1）After field planting：Nutrient solution prescription is N 16wt%+P2O5 16 wt%+ K2O 18wt%+ seaweeds 0.5wt%+ NiSO40.01 ~ 0.03wt%+TE 50wt%, surplus are water, all components weight fraction it Be 100%, adjust pH value 6.3 ~ 7.0, Ec values 1.5 ~ 1.8；Then 10 ~ 15min of nutrition liquid irrigation is spaced 30 ~ 40 min, such as This cyclic irrigation, 20:00-5:It is supplemented daily without nutrition liquid irrigation, nutrient solution between 00,15d replaces primary；2）Growth Peak period：Nutrient solution prescription is N 20wt%+P2O5 8wt%+K2O 22wt%+ seaweeds 0.5wt%+TE 50wt%, surplus is water, institute It is 100% to have the sum of composition weight score, adjusts pH value 6.3 ~ 7.0, Ec values 1.9 ~ 2.3；15 ~ 20min of nutrition liquid irrigation, then It is spaced 20 ~ 30 min, such cyclic irrigation, 20:00-5:It is supplemented daily without nutrition liquid irrigation, nutrient solution between 00,15d It replaces primary；Wherein, N is from potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, P2O5From calcium superphosphate, sodium phosphate, K2O from potassium nitrate, Potassium sulfate；
Insect pest prevention and control：Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp hangs 1 ~ 2/300m of density2, suspension height 1.5m；It is yellow plate, backboard, small Diamond-back moth gyplure hangs 3 ~ 5/100m of density2, suspension height 1.3m.
By experiment, cabbage mustard entire cultivation period about 45d, effect is good, good quality.
Experiment 1 is analyzed for the influence that research different disposal sprouts cabbage mustard seed provided with different method for treating seeds Sprouting situation, seed treatment 1：55 DEG C of seed soaking 8min；0.1wt% KMnO4Soak seed 8min, and clear water rinses seed；4 DEG C of seed soaking 1h； 20 DEG C of seed soaking 16h, sowing.Seed treatment 2：55 DEG C of seed soaking 10min；0.1wt% KMnO4Soak seed 10min, and clear water rinses seed；4 DEG C seed soaking 1h；20 DEG C of seed soaking for 24 hours, are sowed.Seed treatment 3：55 DEG C of seed soaking 9min；0.1wt% KMnO4Soak seed 9min, clear water punching Wash seed；4 DEG C of seed soaking 1h；20 DEG C of seed soaking 16h, sowing.It is ck without processing.Root growth situation, knot are observed in cultivation after a week Fruit shows that the apparent sprouting state than no processing of seed treatment is good, also there is certain difference between processing, wherein the effect of processing 3 It is best（Table 1, Fig. 3）.
1 cabbage mustard germination situation table of table
Experiment 2 is research Different Nutrition liquid to cabbage mustard growth and the influence of quality, is provided with 3 groups of Different Nutrition liquid, T1：N 16wt%+P2O5 16 wt%+K2O 18wt%+TE 50wt%, T2：N 16wt%+P2O5 16 wt%+K2O 18wt%+ NiSO40.005%+TE 50wt%, T3：N 16wt%+P2O5 16 wt%+K2O 18wt%+ seaweeds 0.5%+ NiSO40.005%+ TE 50wt% handle 1 week observation plant growth condition, the results showed that T3 grows cabbage mustard and the influence of quality is most apparent（Fig. 4）.
Experiment 3, to study different Ec values to cabbage mustard growth and the influence of quality, it is Ec values 1.2 to be provided with different Ec values, 1.5,1.8,2.3,2.6,5 processing, the results showed that Ec values 2.3 grow cabbage mustard and the influence of quality is most apparent（Table 2）.
Influence of the 2 difference Ec values of table to cabbage mustard growth and quality
Experiment 4, the angle for research cultivation pipeline plane and horizontal plane is grown to cabbage mustard and the influence of quality, flat provided with pipeline The angle of face and horizontal plane is 0 °, 3 °, 5 ° and 10 ° 4 processing, the results showed that the angle of pipeline plane and horizontal plane is 5 ° of cabbage mustard Growth and performance optimal（Table 3）.
Table 3 cultivates influence of the pipeline plane included angle to cabbage mustard growth and quality
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with repair Decorations should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method, which is characterized in that the method includes：Nursery utilizes hydroponic device height Effect cultivation；Wherein, nursery includes hole tray selection, seed treatment, matrix selection and processing, seedling management, specifically includes following step Suddenly：
（1）Hole tray selects：The hole tray for selecting 96 holes or 200 holes uses 1wt%KMnO before nursery4Solution or 1wt%CuSO4Solution It carries out disinfection；
（2）Seed treatment：55 DEG C of 8 ~ 10min of seed soaking, clear water rinse seed；0.1wt% KMnO48 ~ 10min of solution seed soaking, clear water Rinse seed；4 DEG C of seed soaking 1h, clear water rinse seed；20 DEG C of seed soaking 16 ~ for 24 hours, clear water rinses seed, sowing；
（3）Matrix selects and processing：Matrix formulations are by mass percentage：Straw mushroom residue and moss peat mixture 80% are answered Nitre phenol sodium or brassin or gibberellin 0.001 ~ 0.01%, seaweeds 2 ~ 4%, N 4%, P2O5 5%、K2O 6%, 1,000,000,000 spores/g's Dipel powder 1 ~ 3%, all substances mass percent and be 100%；The matrix prepared is packed into disinfection cabinet or disinfect box, It is passed through steam with snorkel, is heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C, 30 ~ 60min of closed disinfection；
（4）Seedling management：22 ~ 28 DEG C/15 ~ 22 DEG C of seedling stage temperature；Pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, water management to ask for an interview to it is dry see it is wet；It is fixed It plants and carries out within first 5 days low temperature hardening, 18 ~ 22 DEG C/13 ~ 18 DEG C；Well developed root system is obtained by seedling management, is united close, lower embryo strain It is short and thick, the high-quality cabbage mustard seedling of blade plumpness no disease and pests harm.
2. a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The utilization water planting Device Efficient Cultivation includes the following steps：
1）Field planting：The root system of cabbage mustard seedling is intertwined mutually with matrix, and cabbage mustard seedling is taken out from hole tray, need not be clear It washes, cup need not be planted, be directly inoculated into the culture hole of hydroponic device, cabbage mustard seedling is fixed using two layers of nylon wire, is prevented down Volt；
2）The timing node of nutrient solution prescription and fertilising：
After field planting：Nutrient solution prescription is N 16wt%+P2O5 16 wt%+K2O 18wt%+ seaweeds 0.5wt%+ NiSO40.01~ 0.03wt%+TE 50wt%, surplus are water, and the sum of all components weight fraction is 100%, adjusting pH value 6.3 ~ 7.0, Ec values 1.5 ~ 1.8；Then 10 ~ 15min of nutrition liquid irrigation is spaced 30 ~ 40 min, such cyclic irrigation, 20:00-5:Without battalion between 00 Nutrient solution is irrigated, and nutrient solution supplements daily, and 15d replaces primary；
Peak of growing season：Nutrient solution prescription is N 20wt%+P2O5 8wt%+K2O 22wt%+ seaweeds 0.5wt%+TE 50wt%, it is remaining Amount is water, and the sum of all components weight fraction is 100%, adjusts pH value 6.3 ~ 7.0, Ec values 1.9 ~ 2.3；Nutrition liquid irrigation 15 ~ Then 20min is spaced 20 ~ 30 min, such cyclic irrigation, 20:00-5:Without nutrition liquid irrigation between 00, nutrient solution is every Its supplement, 15d replace primary；
Wherein, N is from potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, P2O5From calcium superphosphate, sodium phosphate, K2O is from potassium nitrate, sulfuric acid Potassium；
3）Insect pest prevention and control：Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp hangs 1 ~ 2/300m of density2, suspension height 1.5m；It is yellow plate, backboard, small Diamond-back moth gyplure hangs 3 ~ 5/100m of density2, suspension height 1.3m.
3. a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Water planting is filled before field planting It sets and carries out disinfection, use 1wt%KMnO4Solution or 1wt%CuSO4Solution.
4. a kind of cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The water planting dress It sets, including T-shaped nutrient infusion pipeline and T-shaped nutrient solution output channel, the nutrient infusion pipeline and nutrition It is interconnected between liquid output channel through cultivating pipeline, the cultivation pipeline is evenly equipped with several cultivations along its length direction Hole, the cultivation pipeline tilt down 5 ° along the direction of nutrient infusion pipeline toward nutrient solution output channel；The nutrient solution Input channel includes vertical inlet tube and longitudinal inlet tube, and the vertical inlet tube is communicated in the middle bottom of longitudinal inlet tube, institute It includes vertical outlet tube and longitudinal outlet tube to state nutrient solution output channel, and the vertical outlet tube is communicated in longitudinal outlet tube Bottom；The cultivation pipeline is arranged in parallel several, and several the high-end of cultivation pipeline are connected to longitudinal inlet tube, are low End is connected to longitudinal outlet tube；The level height of the nutrient solution output channel is less than the level height of nutrient infusion pipeline.
5. according to a kind of any cabbage mustard simplification soilless culture methods of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The cultivation Method refers to being planted in greenhouse, is isolated with the external world by fly net.
CN201810158664.9A 2018-02-26 2018-02-26 Simplified soilless culture method for cabbage mustard Active CN108450314B (en)

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CN107135931A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-08 徐州两汉农业发展有限公司 A kind of method of cabbage mustard soilless culture
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CN104839005A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-08-19 深圳市秋歌生物科技发展有限公司 Leaf vegetable soilless culture system
CN106134708A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-23 固镇县华丰农业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of cabbage mustard
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CN110150128A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-08-23 合肥流荇蓝色农业有限公司 A kind of leafy vegetable plantation recycle unit and its working method

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