CN108440183A - A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof for cucumber high yield - Google Patents
A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof for cucumber high yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN108440183A CN108440183A CN201810303934.0A CN201810303934A CN108440183A CN 108440183 A CN108440183 A CN 108440183A CN 201810303934 A CN201810303934 A CN 201810303934A CN 108440183 A CN108440183 A CN 108440183A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof for cucumber high yield, include the raw material of following parts by weight：48 parts of 22 26 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, 20 35 parts of fruit/vegetable waste, 15 20 parts of sawdust, 55 72 parts of decomposed animal wastes, 30 44 parts of tobacco rod, 13 18 parts of pigskin, 47 parts of bone meal, 12 20 parts of cocoanut shell, 5 10 parts of vinasse, 14 18 parts of husk, 69 parts of fish scale, 16 22 parts of fertile soil, 8 14 parts of tea dust, 6 10 parts of pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet.The present invention extracts different raw materials using different technique, different products is subjected to one time fermentation and secondary fermentation again, the finished product nutriment of preparation is abundant comprehensive, is easy to be absorbed by cucumber, the yield that cucumber can be improved, to improve the economic benefit of grower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer field, specifically a kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield.
Background technology
Cucumber, which is that Curcurbitaceae is annual, to overgrow or climbs up by holding on to herbaceous plant.Stem, branch elongation, have rib ditch, by the rough bristle of white.
Tendril is thin.Petiole is slightly coarse, there is rough bristle；The wide ovate of blade is heart-shaped, film quality, and sliver triangle is with teeth.Monoecism.Male flower：
Constant piece is in axil fasciation；Bennet is very thin, by micro- pubescence；Corolla yellow-white, the long round shape lanceolar of corolla lobe.Female flower：Dan Sheng
Or dilute fasciation；Bennet is sturdy, by pubescence；Ovary is coarse.Fruit oblong or cylinder, yellow green when ripe, rough surface.Seed
It is small, narrow oval, white, non-flanged, the nearly anxious point in both ends, flowering fruit bearing stage summer.Cucumber is generally cultivated all over China, and many areas
There are greenhouse or Plastic canopy culture；Now plant extensively in temperate zone and torrid areas.Cucumber is summer main vegetables all over China
One of, it is sweet in flavor, it is sweet tea, cool in nature, bitter, nontoxic, enter spleen, stomach, large intestine；With except heat, sharp water diuresis, clearing heat and detoxicating effect；It cures mainly
Polydipsia, abscess of throat, pinkeye, burning hot wound, also effect of weight reducing.Stem rattan is medicinal, can anti-inflammatory, eliminating the phlegm, antispastic.
Chemical fertilizer is used in China's agricultural planting for a long time, organic substance lacks in soil, and nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is unbalance, excessively uses
Chemical fertilizer not only causes resource largely to consume, pollution of waterhead and Soil Environmental Pollution, can also cause soil hardening, cucumber is caused to subtract
Production, reduces the economic benefit of grower.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic fertilizers for cucumber high yield, to solve to propose in above-mentioned background technology
The problem of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield includes the raw material of following parts by weight：22-26 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture substrate,
20-35 parts of fruit/vegetable waste, 15-20 parts of sawdust, animal wastes 55-72 parts decomposed, 30-44 parts of tobacco rod, 13-18 parts of pigskin, bone
4-7 parts of powder, 12-20 parts of cocoanut shell, 5-10 parts of vinasse, 14-18 parts of husk, 6-9 parts of fish scale, 16-22 parts of fertile soil, tea dust 8-
4-8 parts of 14 parts, 6-10 parts of pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet.
As a further solution of the present invention：Fruit/vegetable waste include fruits and vegetables root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit at least
One kind, decomposed animal wastes include the mixed of the one or several kinds in pig manure, cow dung, sheep manure, horsehit, chicken manure, goose excrement and duck excrement
Close object.
As a further solution of the present invention：The grain size of sawdust be 0.02-0.14mm, tea dust using green tea end or
Any one in person's black tea leaf end.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield, is as follows：
Step 1 squeezes pea seedlings using vacuum suction method in the protection atmosphere of inert gas, obtains juice and residual
Slag is filtered juice, and the filter residue being obtained by filtration and residue are merged, and obtains material to be extracted；Using impregnate and it is micro-
The extracting method of wave synergistic supersonic wave extracts the material to be extracted, obtains pea seedlings extracting solution, and extraction pea seedlings slag is standby
With；
Step 2, it is 3-6% that Rocket ram jet, which is shredded, and is dried to the mass fraction of moisture, is then charged into semi-permeable membrane bag, with steaming
Distilled water nature dialysis, dialysis temperature are 30-40 degrees Celsius, and time of penetration is 12-24 hours；Subzero 50 to subzero 20 degrees Celsius
It is freeze-dried under conditions of 3-6KPa, obtains Rocket ram jet extract；
Step 3 distinguishes discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit/vegetable waste, decomposed animal wastes, tobacco rod, pigskin and cocoanut shell
It crushes and mixes, then water is added after pea seedlings slag, vinasse and husk is added thereto so that the mass fraction of water is 55-
65%, fermentation 6-10 days is carried out under no more than 60 degrees Celsius, daily turning is primary, obtains the first tunning；
Step 4, then bone meal, fish scale, tea dust, pea seedlings extracting solution and Rocket ram jet extract are added into the first tunning,
It ferments 25-33 days under 28-40 degrees Celsius, it is primary per turning in 2-3 days, obtain the second tunning；
Sawdust and fertile soil are added in the second tunning and carry out drying granulation after mixing by step 5, you can
To finished product.
As a further solution of the present invention：Microwave power is 160-240W, ultrasonic power 200- in step 1
300W, ultrasonic frequency 24-30KHz.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, and different raw materials is used
Different techniques extract, then different product progress one time fermentations and secondary fermentation, the finished product nutriment of preparation is rich
It is rich comprehensive, it is easy to be absorbed by cucumber, the yield of cucumber can be improved, to improve the economic benefit of grower, using effect is good.
Specific implementation mode
The technical solution of this patent is described in more detail With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield includes the raw material of following parts by weight：22 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruits and vegetables
20 parts of waste, 15 parts of sawdust, 55 parts of decomposed animal wastes, 30 parts of tobacco rod, 13 parts of pigskin, 4 parts of bone meal, 12 parts of cocoanut shell, wine
4 parts of 5 parts of grain, 14 parts of husk, 6 parts of fish scale, 16 parts of fertile soil, 8 parts of tea dust, 6 parts of pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet.Fruit/vegetable waste packet
The root of fruits and vegetables, the mixture of stem and flower are included, decomposed animal wastes include the mixture of pig manure, sheep manure, horsehit, chicken manure and duck excrement.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield, is as follows：
Step 1 squeezes pea seedlings using vacuum suction method in the protection atmosphere of inert gas, obtains juice and residual
Slag is filtered juice, and the filter residue being obtained by filtration and residue are merged, and obtains material to be extracted；Using impregnate and it is micro-
The extracting method of wave synergistic supersonic wave extracts the material to be extracted, obtains pea seedlings extracting solution, and extraction pea seedlings slag is standby
With；
Step 2, it is 5% that Rocket ram jet, which is shredded, and is dried to the mass fraction of moisture, is then charged into semi-permeable membrane bag, with distillation
Water nature dialysis, dialysis temperature are 36 degrees Celsius, and time of penetration is 18 hours；Under conditions of subzero 44 degrees Celsius and 4.2KPa
Freeze-drying, obtains Rocket ram jet extract；
Step 3 distinguishes discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit/vegetable waste, decomposed animal wastes, tobacco rod, pigskin and cocoanut shell
It crushing and mixes, then water is added after pea seedlings slag, vinasse and husk is added thereto so that the mass fraction of water is 56%,
Fermentation 8 days is carried out under no more than 60 degrees Celsius, daily turning is primary, obtains the first tunning；
Step 4, then bone meal, fish scale, tea dust, pea seedlings extracting solution and Rocket ram jet extract are added into the first tunning,
It ferments 28 days under 35 degrees Celsius, every turning in 3 days is primary, obtains the second tunning；
Sawdust and fertile soil are added in the second tunning and carry out drying granulation after mixing by step 5, you can
To finished product.
The product of embodiment 1 is used in the Anhui cucumber place of production, dosage is 420kg/ mus, in same soil and environment
Under the conditions of with existing chemical fertilizer, dosage is 540 kg/ mu, uses the land yield of embodiment 1 for 6945kg/ mus after harvest, use
The land yield of chemical fertilizer is 6023kg/ mus, increases income 822 kg/ mus.
Embodiment 2
A kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield includes the raw material of following parts by weight：24.5 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit
28 parts of vegetable waste, 17 parts of sawdust, 61 parts of decomposed animal wastes, 35 parts of tobacco rod, 15 parts of pigskin, 5.5 parts of bone meal, cocoanut shell 14
Part, 7 parts of vinasse, 16.2 parts of husk, 7.3 parts of fish scale, 19 parts of fertile soil, 10 parts of tea dust, 7.5 parts of pea seedlings and 6 parts of Rocket ram jet.
The grain size of sawdust is 0.08mm, and tea dust is using green tea end.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield, is as follows：
Step 1 squeezes pea seedlings using vacuum suction method in the protection atmosphere of inert gas, obtains juice and residual
Slag is filtered juice, and the filter residue being obtained by filtration and residue are merged, and obtains material to be extracted；Using impregnate and it is micro-
The extracting method of wave synergistic supersonic wave extracts the material to be extracted, obtains pea seedlings extracting solution, and extraction pea seedlings slag is standby
With；
Step 2, it is 4% that Rocket ram jet, which is shredded, and is dried to the mass fraction of moisture, is then charged into semi-permeable membrane bag, with distillation
Water nature dialysis, dialysis temperature are 35 degrees Celsius, and time of penetration is 21 hours；Under conditions of subzero 36 degrees Celsius and 5.4KPa
Freeze-drying, obtains Rocket ram jet extract；
Step 3 distinguishes discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit/vegetable waste, decomposed animal wastes, tobacco rod, pigskin and cocoanut shell
It crushing and mixes, then water is added after pea seedlings slag, vinasse and husk is added thereto so that the mass fraction of water is 60%,
Fermentation 9 days is carried out under no more than 60 degrees Celsius, daily turning is primary, obtains the first tunning；
Step 4, then bone meal, fish scale, green tea end, pea seedlings extracting solution and Rocket ram jet is added into the first tunning and carries
Object is taken, is fermented 30 days under 38 degrees Celsius, every turning in 3 days is primary, obtains the second tunning；
Sawdust and fertile soil are added in the second tunning and carry out drying granulation after mixing by step 5, you can
To finished product.
The product of embodiment 2 is used in the Guangxi cucumber place of production, dosage is 380kg/ mus, in same soil and environment
Under the conditions of with existing chemical fertilizer, dosage is 460 kg/ mu, uses the land yield of embodiment 2 for 7036kg/ mus after harvest, use
The land yield of chemical fertilizer is 6279kg/ mus, increases income 757 kg/ mus.
Embodiment 3
A kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield includes the raw material of following parts by weight：25 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruits and vegetables
32 parts of waste, 19 parts of sawdust, 68 parts of decomposed animal wastes, 42 parts of tobacco rod, 17 parts of pigskin, 6.6 parts of bone meal, cocoanut shell 18.5
Part, 9 parts of vinasse, 17.5 parts of husk, 8.6 parts of fish scale, 21 parts of fertile soil, 13 parts of tea dust, 9.2 parts of pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet 7.5
Part.Fruit/vegetable waste includes the mixture of the stem of fruits and vegetables, Ye Hehua, and decomposed animal wastes include the mixed of pig manure, cow dung and sheep manure
Close object.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield, is as follows：
Step 1 squeezes pea seedlings using vacuum suction method in the protection atmosphere of inert gas, obtains juice and residual
Slag is filtered juice, and the filter residue being obtained by filtration and residue are merged, and obtains material to be extracted；Using impregnate and it is micro-
The extracting method of wave synergistic supersonic wave extracts the material to be extracted, microwave power 220W, ultrasonic power 260W,
Ultrasonic frequency is 27KHz, obtains pea seedlings extracting solution, and extraction pea seedlings slag is spare；
Step 2, it is 4% that Rocket ram jet, which is shredded, and is dried to the mass fraction of moisture, is then charged into semi-permeable membrane bag, with distillation
Water nature dialysis, dialysis temperature are 32 degrees Celsius, and time of penetration is 21 hours；It is cold under conditions of subzero 28 degrees Celsius and 5KPa
It is lyophilized dry, obtains Rocket ram jet extract；
Step 3 distinguishes discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit/vegetable waste, decomposed animal wastes, tobacco rod, pigskin and cocoanut shell
It crushing and mixes, then water is added after pea seedlings slag, vinasse and husk is added thereto so that the mass fraction of water is 57%,
Fermentation 9 days is carried out under no more than 60 degrees Celsius, daily turning is primary, obtains the first tunning；
Step 4, then bone meal, fish scale, tea dust, pea seedlings extracting solution and Rocket ram jet extract are added into the first tunning,
It ferments 28 days under 33 degrees Celsius, every turning in 2 days is primary, obtains the second tunning；
Sawdust and fertile soil are added in the second tunning and carry out drying granulation after mixing by step 5, you can
To finished product.
The product of embodiment 3 is used in the Guangdong cucumber place of production, dosage is 460kg/ mus, in same soil and environment
Under the conditions of with existing chemical fertilizer, dosage is 585kg/ mus, uses the land yield of embodiment 3 for 6864kg/ mus after harvest, using change
The land yield of fertilizer is 5937kg/ mus, increases income 927 kg/ mus.
Embodiment 4
A kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield includes the raw material of following parts by weight：26 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruits and vegetables
35 parts of waste, 20 parts of sawdust, 72 parts of decomposed animal wastes, 44 parts of tobacco rod, 18 parts of pigskin, 7 parts of bone meal, 20 parts of cocoanut shell, wine
8 parts of 10 parts of grain, 18 parts of husk, 9 parts of fish scale, 22 parts of fertile soil, 14 parts of tea dust, 10 parts of pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet.Fruits and vegetables are discarded
Object includes the mixture of the root of fruits and vegetables, stem, leaf, flower and fruit, and decomposed animal wastes include pig manure, cow dung, sheep manure, horsehit, chicken
The mixture of excrement, goose excrement and duck excrement.The grain size of sawdust is 0.11mm, and tea dust is using black tea leaf end.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield, is as follows：
Step 1 squeezes pea seedlings using vacuum suction method in the protection atmosphere of inert gas, obtains juice and residual
Slag is filtered juice, and the filter residue being obtained by filtration and residue are merged, and obtains material to be extracted；Using impregnate and it is micro-
The extracting method of wave synergistic supersonic wave extracts the material to be extracted, microwave power 240W, ultrasonic power 240W,
Ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, obtains pea seedlings extracting solution, and extraction pea seedlings slag is spare；
Step 2, it is 4% that Rocket ram jet, which is shredded, and is dried to the mass fraction of moisture, is then charged into semi-permeable membrane bag, with distillation
Water nature dialysis, dialysis temperature are 38 degrees Celsius, and time of penetration is 20 hours；It is cold under conditions of subzero 25 degrees Celsius and 5KPa
It is lyophilized dry, obtains Rocket ram jet extract；
Step 3 distinguishes discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit/vegetable waste, decomposed animal wastes, tobacco rod, pigskin and cocoanut shell
It crushing and mixes, then water is added after pea seedlings slag, vinasse and husk is added thereto so that the mass fraction of water is 65%,
Fermentation 10 days is carried out under no more than 60 degrees Celsius, daily turning is primary, obtains the first tunning；
Step 4, then bone meal, fish scale, black tea leaf end, pea seedlings extracting solution and Rocket ram jet is added into the first tunning and carries
Object is taken, is fermented 33 days under 33 degrees Celsius, every turning in 3 days is primary, obtains the second tunning；
Sawdust and fertile soil are added in the second tunning and carry out drying granulation after mixing by step 5, you can
To finished product.
The product of embodiment 4 is used in the Yunnan cucumber place of production, dosage is 405kg/ mus, in same soil and environment
Under the conditions of with existing chemical fertilizer, dosage is 567 kg/ mu, uses the land yield of embodiment 4 for 7237kg/ mus after harvest, use
The land yield of chemical fertilizer is 6203kg/ mus, increases income 1034 kg/ mus.
Pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet are extracted using different technique, constituent part is subjected to one time fermentation, then by fish scale, pea
The raw materials such as bean seedlings extracting solution, Rocket ram jet extract, which are added in the first tunning, to ferment, and organic matter is sufficiently converted into appearance
The nutriment easily absorbed by cucumber, can improve cucumber yield.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of organic fertilizer for cucumber high yield, which is characterized in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：Discarded edible mushroom culture
22-26 parts of matrix, 20-35 parts of fruit/vegetable waste, 15-20 parts of sawdust, animal wastes 55-72 parts decomposed, 30-44 parts of tobacco rod, pig
13-18 parts of skin, 4-7 parts of bone meal, 12-20 parts of cocoanut shell, 5-10 parts of vinasse, 14-18 parts of husk, 6-9 parts of fish scale, fertile soil 16-
4-8 parts of 22 parts, 8-14 parts of tea dust, 6-10 parts of pea seedlings and Rocket ram jet.
2. the organic fertilizer according to claim 1 for cucumber high yield, which is characterized in that the fruit/vegetable waste includes fruit
At least one of root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit of vegetable, decomposed animal wastes include pig manure, cow dung, sheep manure, horsehit, chicken manure, goose
One or several kinds of mixtures in excrement and duck excrement.
3. the organic fertilizer according to claim 1 for cucumber high yield, which is characterized in that the grain size of the sawdust is
0.02-0.14mm, tea dust is using any one in green tea end or black tea leaf end.
4. a kind of preparation method of the organic fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-3 for cucumber high yield, which is characterized in that tool
Steps are as follows for body：
Step 1 squeezes pea seedlings using vacuum suction method in the protection atmosphere of inert gas, obtains juice and residual
Slag is filtered juice, and the filter residue being obtained by filtration and residue are merged, and obtains material to be extracted；Using impregnate and it is micro-
The extracting method of wave synergistic supersonic wave extracts the material to be extracted, obtains pea seedlings extracting solution, and extraction pea seedlings slag is standby
With；
Step 2, it is 3-6% that Rocket ram jet, which is shredded, and is dried to the mass fraction of moisture, is then charged into semi-permeable membrane bag, with steaming
Distilled water nature dialysis, dialysis temperature are 30-40 degrees Celsius, and time of penetration is 12-24 hours；Subzero 50 to subzero 20 degrees Celsius
It is freeze-dried under conditions of 3-6KPa, obtains Rocket ram jet extract；
Step 3 distinguishes discarded edible mushroom culture substrate, fruit/vegetable waste, decomposed animal wastes, tobacco rod, pigskin and cocoanut shell
It crushes and mixes, then water is added after pea seedlings slag, vinasse and husk is added thereto so that the mass fraction of water is 55-
65%, fermentation 6-10 days is carried out under no more than 60 degrees Celsius, daily turning is primary, obtains the first tunning；
Step 4, then bone meal, fish scale, tea dust, pea seedlings extracting solution and Rocket ram jet extract are added into the first tunning,
It ferments 25-33 days under 28-40 degrees Celsius, it is primary per turning in 2-3 days, obtain the second tunning；
Sawdust and fertile soil are added in the second tunning and carry out drying granulation after mixing by step 5, you can
To finished product.
5. the preparation method of the organic fertilizer according to claim 4 for cucumber high yield, which is characterized in that the step 1
Middle microwave power is 160-240W, ultrasonic power 200-300W, ultrasonic frequency 24-30KHz.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110483187A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-22 | 成都市四友生物科技有限公司 | A kind of tobacco powder biological organic fertilizer inhibiting crop disease and insect |
| CN111149620A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-05-15 | 临泉县福庆生物科技有限公司 | Special compound fertilizer for oyster mushrooms and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111149620A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-05-15 | 临泉县福庆生物科技有限公司 | Special compound fertilizer for oyster mushrooms and preparation method thereof |
| CN110483187A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-22 | 成都市四友生物科技有限公司 | A kind of tobacco powder biological organic fertilizer inhibiting crop disease and insect |
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