CN107522527A - A kind of cultivation matrix of prominent mushroom antivirus action and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation matrix of prominent mushroom antivirus action and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultivation matrix of prominent mushroom antivirus action and preparation method thereof, the matrix includes agricultural crop straw, wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle, land plaster, pulverized limestone, yeast；Preparation method is through being exposed to the sun, crushing by stalk, and the dregs of a decoction particle after dregs of a decoction dehydration, crushing with golden cypress, cordate houttuynia mixes, and adds water, after fermenting and carrying out turning, adds wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster, calcium lime powder and yeast and mix stirring.The culture medium obtained using the present invention, not only the nutrition such as carbon, nitrogen and potassium is balanced, and preparation technology is simple, workable, and using the mushroom Functionality, quality and appealing design of cultivation matrix cultivation, yield is high, medical value is high, effectively increases economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom, more particularly to a kind of cultivation matrix of prominent mushroom antivirus action and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
Mushroom [Lentinus edodes (Berk.) sing], also known as mushroom, fragrant letter, fragrant bacterium, fragrant wild rice, are that Lentinus is large-scale
Fungi.Mushroom is second-biggest-in-the-world edible mushroom, in the title among the people for being known as " mountain delicacy ".Mushroom is that the nutrition of high protein, low fat is protected
Health food, it is sweet also containing lentinan, eritadenine isoreactivity composition rich in vitamin B complex, iron, potassium, vitamin D etc.,
It is mild-natured.And there is preferable effect in antitumor, reduction blood glucose, hypotensive, antiviral, treatment flu etc..In China
In the total volume of exports of edible fungus, mushroom occupies nearly 30% share, and market potential is huge.
At this stage for mushroom culture main substitute be hardwood sawdust, part Coniferous sawdust (such as：It is willow, China fir, red
Pine) and wood shavings, paper scrap, cotton seed hulls, waste cotton, megasse, straw, cornstalk, corncob, wheat straw, sorghum husk, peanut shell, paddy
Shell etc..Substituting stuff cultivation can not only set up in a wide range compost source, comprehensively utilize the leftover bits and pieces of agriculture and forestry product, can also effectively expand
Cultural area, and the production cycle of reasonable adjusting edible mushroom, more conducively produce in enormous quantities.Therefore, at present in the cultivation of mushroom
In research, the research of nutritional ingredient, medicinal effects to culture matrix etc. is also just arisen at the historic moment.Such as Chinese patent
CN200910066551.7 discloses a kind of method for cultivating mushroom containing ginsenoside, uses percentage composition as 66%~72%
Wood chip, 10%~20% wheat bran, 3%~10% maize flour, 1%~3% gypsum and 2%~6% ginseng pulverate and surplus
Water, due to adding ginseng in dispensing, improve medical value of the mushroom in terms of aging is suppressed, improve memory；
CN201610917258.7 discloses a kind of mushroom culture medium, the mushroom culture medium mainly by root of kudzu vine rattan, fish scale, cormorant excrement,
Hydrangea, mattress taro branch, eupatorium, euphorbia milii, pigeon eggs shell, green soya bean and potassium fulvate are made up of raw material, prepared mushroom culture medium
Can effective desinsection and antibacterial, improve mushroom production.
Golden cypress is the dry bark of rutaceae wampee, and main product has heat-clearing in Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Yunnan and other places
Eliminating dampness, purging intense heat, except steaming, the effect of detoxification sore treatment.Cordate houttuynia is the dry aerial parts of saururaceae plant houttuynia cordata, and Guizhou is local
It is commonly called as " the folding basal part of the ear ", energy is clearing heat and detoxicating, sore, promoting urination and removing dampness, clearing away heat to cure dysentery, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting are treated in detumescence, for cat fever, inflammation
Deng；Other cordate houttuynia contains vitamin A, carrotene, vitamin C, various trace elements, is delicious good on locals's dining table
Meat and fish dishes.
Above two medicinal material is Guizhou province characteristic varieties of plant, and certain allergy is formed in terms of plantation, extraction processing,
Also there are the farming wastes such as many dregs of a decoction, deadwood, useless leaf to produce simultaneously.The present inventor in the research process planted to mushroom,
Trial carries out the cultivation of mushroom with crops leftovers such as the dregs of a decoction after pharmaceutical factory extraction golden cypress, cordate houttuynia and rice husk etc., in surprise
It was found that this new culture medium, not only so that the growth of mushroom, quality, yield etc. obtain preferable effect, while mushroom
The content of the compositions such as polysaccharide is also improved, and in addition due also to the dregs of a decoction and crops leftovers, medicinal ingredient are collocated with each other, is made
Obtain effect of the mushroom in terms of decompression, lipid-loweringing to greatly reinforce, improve the medical value of mushroom.
The content of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of culture medium for the cultivating champignon that medical value is high and production cost is low.Institute
Effect of the mushroom obtained in terms of antiviral, treatment flu is cultivated to greatly reinforce.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the culture medium for cultivating.
Specifically, the invention provides following technical scheme：
The culture medium of the cultivating champignon of the present invention, by mass percentage including the following raw material：Agricultural crop straw 28~
36%th, wheat bran 26~34%, powdered rice hulls 14~22%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 5~12%, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 5~12%, stone
Cream powder 1.2~2%, pulverized limestone 0.5~1.5%, yeast 0.8~1.6%.
Preferably, raw material of the invention is：Agricultural crop straw 30~34%, wheat bran 28~32%, powdered rice hulls 15~
20%th, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 6~10%, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 6~10%, land plaster 1.6~2%, pulverized limestone 0.8~
1.2%th, yeast 1.0~1.5%.
It is furthermore preferred that the raw material of the present invention is：Agricultural crop straw 32%, wheat bran 30%, powdered rice hulls 18%, the golden cypress dregs of a decoction
Grain 8%, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 8%, land plaster 1.8%, pulverized limestone 1%, yeast 1.2%.
The agricultural crop straw comprises at least one kind in rice straw, maize straw, wheat stalk or soybean stalks.
The method for preparing foregoing mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun, is then comminuted into particle, it is stand-by；
(2) the golden cypress dregs of a decoction and the cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction are dehydrated, crushed；
(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 45~50%；
(4) mixed material heap is grown up 1~2 meter, wide 0.8~1.2 meter, high 0.5~0.8 meter of bar stack, allows its nature
Fermentation, and turning is carried out, when terminating fermentation, the final water content of decomposed material reaches 60~65%；
(5) formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster are mixed, added in the decomposed material of step 4, and add pulverized limestone, ferment
Mother's stirring, is mixed, pack, is one bag per 2kg, is produced.
Wherein, agricultural crop straw is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 3~6mm in the step (1).
Step (2) Chinese medicine slag is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2~8mm, and it is 40~50% to control moisture.
Material heap temperature reaches 60~70 DEG C in the step (4), carries out turning, and the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, enters
After cooldown period at interval of turning in 3 days once.
Further, foregoing preparation method, step are as follows：
(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun 2d, utilizes ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material；Then it is respectively crushed into particle diameter
It is stand-by for 3~5mm particle；
(2) pharmaceutical factory is extracted to the dregs of a decoction after golden cypress, cordate houttuynia to be dehydrated, is ground into the dregs of a decoction grain that particle diameter is 3~7mm, control
Moisture is 40~50%；
(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 45~50%；
(4) mixed material heap is grown up 1~2 meter, wide 0.8~1.2 meter, high 0.5~0.8 meter of bar stack, allows its nature
Fermentation, when material heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, carry out turning, the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, into cooldown period after at interval of 3 days
Once, when terminating fermentation, the final water content of decomposed thing reaches 60~65% for turning；
(5) formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster are mixed, added in the decomposed material of step 4, and add pulverized limestone, ferment
Mother's stirring, is mixed, pack, is one bag per 2kg, is produced.
Compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention is：
First, the present invention adds the dregs of a decoction particle of golden cypress and cordate houttuynia in the dispensing of cultivation matrix so that produces
Mushroom contains a certain amount of jamaicin and chlorogenic acid, and the content of lentinan is also improved, and adds mushroom to people
The beneficial nutritional ingredient of body, strengthen and highlight action effect of the mushroom in terms of antiviral, treatment flu.
Secondly, the dregs of a decoction of the cultivation matrix raw material sources that utilize of the present invention after pharmaceutical factory produces, agricultural wastes etc., to useless
Gurry makees recycling, solves directly to burn or fill etc. in the dregs of a decoction, deadwood, stalk and the processing of rice husk the like waste and asks
Topic, reduces the pollution to environment, has reached and made the best use of everything, the purpose to turn waste into wealth, be advantageous to preserve the ecological environment, and reduces production
Cost, increase economic efficiency；
Again, the effect of the present invention utilizes golden cypress, the only not prominent medicinal efficacy of the cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction, it is also containing abundant
Nutritional ingredient so that the nutrition of carbon, nitrogen and potassium provided in matrix is balanced, is advantageous to alternative cultivation and the high-volume of mushroom
Cultivate；
Finally, the preparation technology of cultivation matrix of the present invention is simple, based on being sufficiently reserved to raw material characteristics and active component
Consideration, agricultural crop straw and golden cypress, the cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction are fermented first, decomposed matrix, add powdered rice hulls etc. in addition
Raw material, both provide sufficient nutrition in early stage, it is also contemplated that after mushroom inoculation the thalli growth later stage slow effect nutrition so that it is raw
Production. art is workable, medicinal ingredient utilization rate is high；Meanwhile using the cultivation matrix cultivate mushroom, early stage mushroom mycelium
Grow strong, the fast miscellaneous bacteria of bacterium germination speed is few；Later stage fruiting nutrient supply is sufficient, and Functionality, quality and appealing design, yield are high, and synthesis improves economic effect
Benefit and medical value.
Embodiment
In order that those of ordinary skill in the art are better understood from the present invention, the technology with reference to embodiment to the present invention
Scheme is described further, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
Culture medium raw material component：Rice straw 32%, wheat bran 30%, powdered rice hulls 18%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 8%, fish raw meat
Herbal medicine solid impurity particle 8%, land plaster 1.8%, pulverized limestone 1%, yeast 1.2%.
Preparation method：(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun 2d, utilizes ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material；Then distinguish
The particle that particle diameter is 4mm is ground into, it is stand-by；
(2) pharmaceutical factory is extracted to the dregs of a decoction after golden cypress, cordate houttuynia to be dehydrated, the dregs of a decoction grain that particle diameter is 5mm is ground into, controls moisture
For 45%；
(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 45%；
(4) mixed material heap is grown up 1.5 meters, wide 1 meter, high 0.6 meter of bar stack, allows its spontaneous fermentation, when material heap temperature
Degree reaches 60 DEG C, carries out turning, the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, into cooldown period after at interval of turning in 3 days once, terminate
During fermentation, the final water content of decomposed thing reaches 60%；
(5) formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster are mixed, added in the decomposed material of step 4, and add pulverized limestone, ferment
Mother's stirring, is mixed, pack, is one bag per 2kg, is produced.
Embodiment 2：
Culture medium raw material component：Wheat stalk 36%, wheat bran 34%, powdered rice hulls 14.9%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 5%, fish
Raw meat herbal medicine solid impurity particle 5%, land plaster 2%, pulverized limestone 1.5%, yeast 1.6%.
(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun 2d, utilizes ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material；Then it is respectively crushed into particle diameter
It is stand-by for 3mm particle；
(2) pharmaceutical factory is extracted to the dregs of a decoction after golden cypress, cordate houttuynia to be dehydrated, the dregs of a decoction grain that particle diameter is 2mm is ground into, controls moisture
For 40%；
(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 45%；
(4) mixed material heap is grown up 1 meter, wide 0.8 meter, high 0.5 meter of bar stack, allows its spontaneous fermentation, when material heap temperature
Degree reaches 60 DEG C, carries out turning, the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, into cooldown period after at interval of turning in 3 days once, terminate
During fermentation, the final water content of decomposed thing reaches 60%；
(5) formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster are mixed, added in the decomposed material of step 4, and add pulverized limestone, ferment
Mother's stirring, is mixed, pack, is one bag per 2kg, is produced.
Embodiment 3：
Culture medium raw material component：Maize straw 28%, wheat bran 26%, powdered rice hulls 19.5%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 12%,
Cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 12%, land plaster 1.2%, pulverized limestone 0.5%, yeast 0.8%.
(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun 2d, utilizes ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material；Then it is respectively crushed into particle diameter
It is stand-by for 6mm particle；
(2) pharmaceutical factory is extracted to the dregs of a decoction after golden cypress, cordate houttuynia to be dehydrated, the dregs of a decoction grain that particle diameter is 8mm is ground into, controls moisture
For 50%；
(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 50%；
(4) mixed material heap is grown up 2 meters, wide 1.2 meters, high 0.8 meter of bar stack, allows its spontaneous fermentation, when material heap temperature
Degree reaches 60 DEG C, carries out turning, the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, into cooldown period after at interval of turning in 3 days once, terminate
During fermentation, the final water content of decomposed thing reaches 65%；
(5) formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster are mixed, added in the decomposed material of step 4, and add pulverized limestone, ferment
Mother's stirring, is mixed, pack, is one bag per 2kg, is produced.
Embodiment 4：
Culture medium raw material component：Soybean stalks 30%, wheat bran 28%, powdered rice hulls 17.3%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 10%,
Cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 10%, land plaster 2%, pulverized limestone 1.2%, yeast 1.5%.
Preparation method：With embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5：
Culture medium raw material component：Rice straw 34%, wheat bran 32%, powdered rice hulls 18.6%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 6%, fish
Raw meat herbal medicine solid impurity particle 6%, land plaster 1.6%, pulverized limestone 0.8%, yeast 1.0%.
Preparation method：With embodiment 1.
The low dosage of the Pharmaceutical ingredients of embodiment 6
Culture medium raw material component：Maize straw 36%, wheat bran 34%, powdered rice hulls 20%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 3%, fish raw meat
Herbal medicine solid impurity particle 3%, land plaster 1.8%, pulverized limestone 1%, yeast 1.2%.
Preparation method：With embodiment 3.
The high dosage of the Pharmaceutical ingredients of embodiment 7
Culture medium raw material component：Maize straw 28%, wheat bran 26%, powdered rice hulls 12%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 15%, fish raw meat
Herbal medicine solid impurity particle 15%, land plaster 1.8%, pulverized limestone 1%, yeast 1.2%.
Preparation method：With embodiment 3.
Comparative example 1
Mushroom cultivation substrate raw material components：Maize straw 40%, wheat bran 35%, powdered rice hulls 22%, land plaster 2%, lime
Powder 1%.Formed by the percentage of the present embodiment raw material components, preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Mushroom cultivation substrate raw material components：Maize straw 35%, wheat bran 32%, powdered rice hulls 20%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle
10%th, land plaster 2%, pulverized limestone 1%, preparation method is the same as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Comparative example 3
Mushroom cultivation substrate raw material components：Maize straw 35%, wheat bran 32%, powdered rice hulls 20%, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle
10%th, land plaster 2%, pulverized limestone 1%, preparation method is the same as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Henchnmrk test
Kind mushroom 808 is selected, is planted using the above-mentioned preparation embodiment 1-7 and comparative example 1-3 each culture mediums prepared
Training experiment, and the assay experiment of lentinan, adlay polysaccharide, coixenolide, the result of acquisition are as shown in table 1.
Influence of the table 1 to cultivating champignon and active constituent content
Note:Compared with comparative example group, * P<0.05, * * P<0.01
By table 1, the kind of mushroom 808 can be in the cultivation matrix of 1-5 of embodiment of the present invention different proportion just
Simultaneously fruiting is frequently grown, can be used for the cultivation of high nutritive value and medical value mushroom.
Secondly, the mushroom cultivation substrate that prepared by the dregs of a decoction and residue of present invention addition golden cypress and cordate houttuynia, its perfume (or spice) prepared
Mushroom, mycelia purseful time and annesl time are superior to only add a certain amount of golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle or a certain amount of cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction or one
The no added dregs of a decoction and the mushroom trained out, and mushroom production is also significantly higher；The mushroom that other culture medium of the present invention is trained out, in medicine
With comparative example of the component content aspect better than the single wherein a certain medicinal residue of addition, illustrate that both serve collaboration addition
Effect, is not only improved the content of lentinan in mushroom, also wherein to contain a certain amount of jamaicin and chlorogenic acid,
Collective effect enhance above-mentioned medicinal ingredient it is antiviral, treatment flu in terms of the effect of, add mushroom nutritive value and
Medical value.
Also, to being compared between embodiment 1-5 and embodiment 6-7, it can be seen that using each in the scope of the invention
The mushroom that constituent content is cultivated, its mycelia purseful time and annesl time are low, and yield is also higher, and pharmaceutical ingredient content is better than
The low dosage situation of Pharmaceutical ingredients, but high dosage does not cause active component to dramatically increase.Illustrate that the mushroom in the present invention is planted
Training matrix each component proportioning be according to cultural hypha, the output and quality of fruiting, medicinal active ingredient content screening and obtain
Optimum proportioning.
Therefore, mushroom cultivation substrate of the invention uses rational composition and ratio and preparation method, both improves mushroom
Value, increase economic benefit, and it is cost-saved, can environmental protection, be modern agriculture with high efficiency development feasible road.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. mushroom cultivation substrate of prominent mushroom antivirus action, it is characterised in that：By mass percentage, it is including as follows Raw material：Agricultural crop straw 28~36%, wheat bran 26~34%, powdered rice hulls 14~22%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 5~12%, fish raw meat Herbal medicine solid impurity particle 5~12%, land plaster 1.2~2%, pulverized limestone 0.5~1.5%, yeast 0.8~1.6%.
- 2. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By mass percentage, agricultural crop straw 30 ~34%, wheat bran 28~32%, powdered rice hulls 15~20%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 6~10%, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 6~10%, Land plaster 1.6~2%, pulverized limestone 0.8~1.2%, yeast 1.0~1.5%.
- 3. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By mass percentage, agricultural crop straw 32%th, wheat bran 30%, powdered rice hulls 18%, golden cypress dregs of a decoction particle 8%, cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction particle 8%, land plaster 1.8%, pulverized limestone 1%th, yeast 1.2%.
- 4. according to the mushroom cultivation substrate described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that：The agricultural crop straw at least wraps Include one kind in rice straw, maize straw, wheat stalk or soybean stalks.
- 5. prepare the method for the mushroom cultivation substrate described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun, is then comminuted into particle, it is stand-by；(2) the golden cypress dregs of a decoction and the cordate houttuynia dregs of a decoction are dehydrated, crushed；(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 45~50%；(4) mixed material heap is grown up 1~2 meter, wide 0.8~1.2 meter, high 0.5~0.8 meter of bar stack, allows its spontaneous fermentation, And turning is carried out, when terminating fermentation, the final water content of decomposed material reaches 60~65%；(5) by formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster mix, add step 4 decomposed material in, and add pulverized limestone, yeast stirs Mix, mix, pack, be one bag per 2kg, produce.
- 6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that agricultural crop straw is ground into grain in the step (1) Footpath is 3~6mm particle.
- 7. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that particle diameter is ground into according to the step (2) Chinese medicine slag For 2~8mm particle, it is 40~50% to control moisture.
- 8. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that material heap temperature reaches 60~70 in the step (4) DEG C, carry out turning, the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, into cooldown period after at interval of turning in 3 days once.
- 9. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step is as follows：(1) agricultural crop straw is exposed to the sun 2d, utilizes ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material；Then particle diameter is respectively crushed into as 3 ~5mm particle, it is stand-by；(2) pharmaceutical factory is extracted to the dregs of a decoction after golden cypress, cordate houttuynia to be dehydrated, the dregs of a decoction grain that particle diameter is 3~7mm is ground into, controls moisture For 40~50%；(3) step 1 and 2 feed particles are mixed, then slowly adds water, mixture water content is reached 45~50%；(4) mixed material heap is grown up 1~2 meter, wide 0.8~1.2 meter, high 0.5~0.8 meter of bar stack, allows its spontaneous fermentation, When material heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, carry out turning, the turning of 2 days temperature rising stages once, into cooldown period after at interval of turning one in 3 days Secondary, when terminating fermentation, the final water content of decomposed thing reaches 60~65%；(5) by formula ratio wheat bran, powdered rice hulls, land plaster mix, add step 4 decomposed material in, and add pulverized limestone, yeast stirs Mix, mix, pack, be one bag per 2kg, produce.
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| CN109089724A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽亿源生物工程有限公司 | A kind of method of the Chinese medicine cooperation disease-resistant culturing edible fungus of stalk |
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Application publication date: 20171229 |