CN108431479B - 转接联结件 - Google Patents
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- F16L17/04—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket with longitudinally split or divided sleeve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
一种用于将法兰管元件接合到非法兰管元件的联结件,具有端对端连接的且围绕中央空间的部段。法兰部分从部段的一侧延伸。每个部段限定两个通道,其中的一个容纳用于抓取非法兰管的开口环;另一通道容纳密封件。法兰管也定位在部段之间。管道的法兰定位成邻近于部段的法兰部分。密封件接合管道和非法兰管元件。部段的法兰部分螺栓连接至法兰管元件的法兰且管道的法兰捕获在部段的法兰部分和法兰管元件的法兰之间。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于2015年12月28日提交的美国临时申请号62/271,395且要求享有其优先权的权益,且通过引用并入到本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于端对端接合管元件、且具体而言用于将法兰管元件接合至非法兰管元件的机械联结件。
背景技术
如在现有技术中教导的,连接非法兰聚合物管元件至聚合物或金属的法兰管元件,需要使用通常由金属制成的垫环(backing ring),以及聚合物对接法兰转接器。为了实现连接,垫环在非法兰聚合物管元件的自由端上滑动且然后对接法兰转接器共轴地与在对接接头中的非法兰管元件的自由端对齐且熔合至其。这创造了在先前非法兰聚合物管元件上的法兰面层,其然后法兰对法兰地与法兰管元件接合。垫环然后被带到承载在对接法兰转接器的法兰上且螺栓被用于将垫环附接至法兰管元件的法兰,将对接法兰转接器的法兰捕获和保持至法兰管元件。对于聚合物至金属法兰接合而言,在低压施加的情况下,对接法兰转接器的软聚合物法兰在与法兰管元件的金属法兰的接触时变形以形成流体密封的密封件。对于更高的压力施加而言,面密封件可用在接口法兰之间以确保流体密封。
虽然有效,该现有技术实践承受各种缺点。多个部分、即对接法兰转接器和垫环必须被供应和装配到非法兰聚合物管元件上。熔合操作需要将对接法兰转接器接合至非法兰聚合物管。这需要熔合机器,其需要功率或热源用于操作。熔合操作本身需要时间且当接头待现场制作时被天气影响。例如,寒冷天气将延缓熔合过程,且如果足够严酷可整体地停止该熔合过程。清楚地存在对于用于接合非法兰聚合物管元件至法兰管元件的改善的构件和方法的需求。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种用于将法兰管元件接合至平端管元件的联结件。在一种示例实施例中,联结件包括围绕中央空间以间隔分离关系端对端附接至彼此的多个部段。借助于示例,部段中的每个包括相对设置的第一和第二侧。第一通道定位成靠近第一侧且周向地围绕且面向中央空间延伸。第一法兰定位成靠近第二侧且向外远离中央空间延伸。第一法兰具有穿过其的多个穿孔。第二通道定位在第一通道和法兰之间且周向地围绕且面向中央空间延伸。联结件还包括定位在第一通道中的开口环。密封件定位在第二通道中。管道定位在中央空间内且向外从部段的第二侧延伸。管道接合密封件。第二法兰可向外从管道延伸且定位成邻近第一法兰。倒钩可向外从管道靠近其一端延伸。
在一种示例实施例中,第一通道包括以间隔关系布置的两个侧表面。部段中的至少一个可具有定位在邻近至少一个部段的一端的两个侧表面中的至少一个槽口。底表面在侧表面之间延伸。底表面包括相应地布置在部段的相对端处的第一和第二表面部分。第三表面部分定位在第一和第二表面部分之间。第一和第二表面部分各具有大于第三表面部分的曲率半径的曲率半径。在一种特定示例实施例中,在部段中的至少一个上的第一和第二表面部分的曲率半径等于开口环的外曲率半径。借助于此外的示例,第一和第二表面部分中的至少一个具有从第一通道的总周向长度的5%延伸至45%的长度。
在一种示例实施例中,密封件包括柔性的、有弹性的密封环,其具有第一和第二环内表面,其适用于相应地接合管道的外表面和管元件。环内表面中的一个具有尺寸设计成在管元件插入在部段之间时容纳管元件的尺寸。此外,借助于示例,密封件具有外表面,其与在预装配状态中的部段以足以允许管元件插入到中央空间中的间隔分离关系接合并且支撑该部段。在一种示例实施例中,开口环具有外曲率半径和内曲率半径。内曲率半径等于或大于管元件的外半径。
在一种示例实施例中,开口环以足以允许管元件插入到中央空间中的间隔分离关系支撑在预装配状态中的部段。借助于另一示例,开口环所具有的刚度足以通过在插入管元件期间操作联结件来将部段维持在预装配状态中。借助于另一示例,开口环包括彼此以间隔关系布置且周向地围绕开口环延伸的多个齿部,齿部朝向中央空间突出。
在一种示例实施例中,部段包括可调整地可收紧的附接部件,用于朝向中央空间牵引部段。在一种特定示例中,可调整地可收紧的附接部件包括从每个部段的相对端延伸的突出部。每个突出部限定了用于接收紧固件的开口。紧固件在部段之间延伸且将在预装配状态中的部段保持在一起。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的示例联结件的等轴分解视图;
图1A是以预装配状态示出的根据本发明的示例联结件的等轴视图;
图2是在图1A的线2-2处截取的纵向截面视图;
图3是在图2的线3-3处截取的横截面视图;
图3A是在图2的线3A-3A处截取的横截面视图;
图4是以接合非法兰管元件的方式示出的在图1中示出的联结件的等轴视图;
图5是示出了将法兰管元件连接至非法兰管元件的图1的联结件的纵向截面视图;以及
图6是在图1中示出的联结件的轴向视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于将法兰管元件接合至非法兰管元件的根据本发明的联结件10的一种示例实施例。联结件10包括多个部段,在该示例中是端对端附接至彼此且包围中央空间16的两个部段12和14。部段12和14有利地由铸造延铁形成,尽管也可使用其它材料。部段12和14的附接经由定位在每个部段的每个端处的可调整的附接部件18来实现。在该示例中,附接部件18包括从部段的端延伸的突出部20,突出部具有容纳紧固件、例如螺栓24和槽26的开口22。在收紧紧固件24,26时,部段12和14朝向彼此和中央空间16被牵引以实现与在图4和5中示出的和以下描述的管元件28的连接。
如在图2中示出的,联结件10具有彼此相对地设置的第一和第二侧30和32。第一通道34定位在靠近第一侧30的部段12和14中。第一通道34周向地围绕且面向中央空间16延伸。第一通道34各自由两个以彼此间隔分离关系布置的侧表面36和38限定。底表面40在侧表面之间延伸。如在图3中示出的,底表面40包括相应地布置在部段12和14(示出部段12)的相对端46和48处的第一和第二表面部分42和44。第三表面部分50定位在第一和第二表面部分42和44之间。每个表面部分42、44和50具有相应的曲率半径42a、44a和50a。半径42a和44a大于第三表面部分50的曲率半径50a。半径42a和44a的中心与半径50a的中心偏离,如在图3中绘出的那样。第一和第二表面部分42和44可分别具有从第一通道34的总长度的大约5%延伸到大约45%的长度,用于实际的联结设计。
如在图1和2中示出的那样,联结件10还包括靠近每个部段12和14的第二侧32定位的第一法兰52。法兰52由在相应的部段12和14上的法兰部分52a和52b形成且向外延伸远离中央空间16。法兰52具有多个通孔54(也见图1A)。法兰52和通孔54设计成与法兰端管元件的法兰相配合,如下文所描述的那样。第二通道56定位在第一通道34和第一法兰52之间的每个部段12,14中。第二通道56周向地围绕且面向中央空间16延伸。类似于第一通道34、第二通道56,每个由两个如图2中所示的彼此以间隔分离关系布置的侧表面57和59限定。底表面61在侧表面之间延伸。如在图3A中所示,底表面61包括相应地布置在部段12和14(示出部段12)的相对端46和48处的第一和第二表面部分63和65。第三表面部分67定位在第一和第二表面部分63和65之间。每个表面部分63、65和67具有相应的曲率半径63a、65a和67a。半径63a和65a大于第三表面部分67的曲率半径67a。半径63a和65a的中心与半径67a的中心偏离,如在图3A中绘出的那样。第一和第二表面部分63和65分别可具有从第二通道56的总长度的大约5%延伸至大约45%的长度,以用于实际的联结设计。
如在图1和2中示出的,开口环58定位在部段12和14的第一通道34内。开口环58在该示例中包括多个彼此以间隔关系布置的齿部60。齿部60周向地围绕开口环58延伸且朝向中央空间16突出。该开口环由金属、例如弹簧钢、不锈钢或铜铍合金制成且有效将由HDPE或其它的聚合物树脂制成的管元件保持至联结件10。开口环58具有等于或大于管元件的外直径的内直径62。齿部60此外可有角地定向以允许管元件插入到中央空间16中,但是阻止其退回。
开口环58可用于将以间隔分离的关系的部段12和14保持在所谓的“预装配状态”中,在图1A中图示的那样。开口环58具有尺寸设计成接合底表面40的第一和第二表面部分42和44的外直径64(见图3)。这些表面部分具有大于第三表面部分50的曲率半径42a和44a且设计用于与开口环58协作以用于支撑部段12和14,使得当联结件10处于预装配状态中时可将管元件28从侧30插入到中央空间16中。紧固件(螺栓24和槽26)将部段12和14保持在一起且抵靠开口环58,其所具有的刚度足以在针对安装的操作期间支撑部段,但是作为开口环,可折叠至较小直径且允许部段朝向彼此被牵引且当紧固件如下文描述的那样收紧时,实现流体密封的、在机械上受限的接头。
接头的流体密封由定位在如图2中示出的部段12和14的第二通道56中的密封件66提供。在该示例中,密封件66包括柔性的、有弹性的密封环68。密封环68具有带有直径71的外表面70。在一种示例实施例中,直径71尺寸设计成或将以间隔关系的部段12和14支撑在预装配的状态中,或在支撑部段方面辅助开口环58。为此,外直径71尺寸设计成接合第二通道56的底表面61的第一和第二表面部分63和65(见图3A)。这些表面部分具有大于第三表面部分67的曲率半径63a和65a且设计成与用于支撑部段12的密封环68协作以当联结件10处于在图1A中示出的预装配的状态中时允许管元件28从侧30插入到中央空间16中。密封环68也可具有在针对安装的操作期间足以支撑部段的刚度。密封环68可由弹性体例如EPDM形成且因而在紧固件24,26的收紧时可变形以允许接头如下文描述的那样成型。
为了影响流体密封件,密封环68具有定位在密封环的相对侧上的第一和第二环内表面72和74。表面72定位且适用于在将管元件插入到中央空间16中时接合管元件28的外表面(下文描述)。如在图2中示出的,表面74适用于接合定位在中央空间76内的管道76的外表面。倒钩77定位成靠近管道76的一端以接合凸出部74a,在其上定位有内表面74。倒钩77周向地围绕且从管道76向外延伸且有助于将管道保持在密封环68内。管道76是联结件10的一部分且从部段12和14的第二侧32向外延伸。第二法兰78可从管道76向外延伸且以间隔关系远离倒钩77定位,邻近第一法兰52,即,当管道76的相对端由密封环68的内表面74接合时,如图2中图示的那样。有利的是,使管道76和其法兰78作为由聚合物树脂例如HEPE构成的单件来形成。该设计有助于确保如下文记录的接头的流体密封。密封环68也可具有向内突出的肋部80,其结合管道76和管元件28二者且用作止挡件以确保在这些构件和联结件10之间的接合的适合深度。
参考图1A、4、5和6图示了联结件10的安装。管元件28待连接至法兰管元件82(见图5)。如在图1A和6中所示,管元件28从部段12和14的第一侧30插入到联结件10的中央空间16中。插入是可能的,因为联结件10处于预装配状态中,其中部段12和14以间隔关系或单独支撑在密封件66上、单独支撑在开口环58上,或支撑在密封件和开口环二者上。插入此外由定位在每个部段12和14的侧表面36,38中的槽口94辅助。槽口94定位成邻近附接部件18(突出部20)且提供用于管元件插入的空隙,相比在没有槽口的情形中的可能的靠近在一起,槽口允许部段12和14在预装配的状态中更靠近地在一起。一旦管元件28适当地放置(端接合止挡肋部80,密封环内表面72接合管元件的外表面),紧固件24,26收紧因此牵引部段12,14朝向彼此,如在图4和5中示出的那样。部段12和14的移动使开口环58和密封件66两者变形。
开口环58在圆周和直径上收缩,因为其被迫使在第一通道34内适配。开口环58的收缩引起在开口环上的齿部60咬入管元件28的外表面中且阻止其从联结件10的退回。在第二通道56内受限的密封件66在部段12和14之间压缩,当部段被带到一起时。如在图5中示出的,密封环内表面72被迫使到与管元件28的外表面84的密封接合中,且密封环内表面74被带到与管道76的外表面86的密封接合中。
随着部段12和14如在图4和5中所绘的那样被带到一起,第一法兰52因而布置成,使得其穿孔54可与在法兰管元件82的法兰90中的对应的穿孔88对齐,管元件28待接合至该穿孔88。如在图5中示出的,联结件10与法兰管元件82对齐,在第一法兰52中的穿孔54与在法兰90中的穿孔88对齐,且紧固件92被容纳在穿孔54和88中以将第一法兰52连接至法兰管元件82的法兰90。管道76的第二法兰78被捕获在法兰90和第一法兰52之间。该构造提供了至接头的刚度和稳定性以及在联结件10和法兰管元件82之间的流体密封,因为包括第二法兰78的更软的聚合物材料在金属法兰90和52之间被压缩,其可包括铸造铁、钢或其他耐久金属。
根据本发明的联结件提供超过现有技术方法的优点且联结件用于将非法兰聚合物管元件接合至法兰管元件。在预装配状态中,根据本发明的联结件降低必须在安装期间操作的部分的数量。此外,将对接法兰适配件熔合至非法兰聚合物管元件的步骤与对于熔合机器的需求一起被取消。因而实质上降低了安装时间和复杂性。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于将法兰管元件接合至平端管元件的联结件,所述联结件包括:
包围中央空间以间隔分离关系端对端附接至彼此的多个部段,所述部段中的每个包括:
相对设置的第一和第二侧;
定位成接近所述第一侧的且周向地围绕和面向所述中央空间延伸的第一通道;
定位成接近所述第二侧且向外远离所述中央空间延伸的第一法兰,所述第一法兰具有穿过其的多个穿孔;
定位在所述第一通道和所述法兰之间且周向地围绕且面向所述中央空间延伸的第二通道;其中,所述联结件还包括:
定位在所述第一通道中的开口环;
定位在所述第二通道中的密封件;
定位在所述中央空间内且向外从所述部段的所述第二侧延伸的管道,所述管道接合所述密封件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,其中,所述第一通道包括:
以间隔关系布置的两个侧表面;
在所述侧表面之间延伸的底表面,所述底表面包括分别布置在所述部段的相对端处的第一和第二表面部分和定位在其之间的第三表面部分,所述第一和第二表面部分各具有大于所述第三表面部分的曲率半径的曲率半径。
3.根据权利要求2所述的联结件,其中,在所述部段中的至少一个上的所述第一和第二表面部分的曲率半径等于所述开口环的外曲率半径。
4.根据权利要求2所述的联结件,其中,所述第一和第二表面部分中的至少一个具有从所述第一通道的总周向长度的5%延伸至45%的长度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,其中,所述密封件包括柔性的、有弹性的密封环,其具有第一和第二环内表面,其适用于相应地接合所述管道和所述管元件的外表面,所述环内表面中的一个具有尺寸设计成在所述管元件插入在所述部段之间的情况中容纳所述管元件的直径。
6.根据权利要求5所述的联结件,其中,所述密封件具有外表面,其与所述部段在预装配的状态中以间隔分离的关系接合且支撑所述部段,该间隔分离的关系足以允许所述管元件插入到所述中央空间中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,其中,所述开口环具有外曲率半径和内曲率半径,所述内曲率半径等于或大于所述管元件的外半径。
8.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,其中,所述开口环在预装配的状态中以间隔分离的关系支撑所述部段,该间隔分离的关系足够允许所述管元件插入到所述中央空间中。
9.根据权利要求8所述的联结件,其中,所述开口环具有如下刚度,所述刚度足以通过在所述管元件的插入期间操作所述联结件来将所述部段维持在所述预装配的状态中。
10.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,其中,所述开口环包括多个彼此以间隔关系布置且周向地围绕所述开口环延伸的齿部,所述齿部朝向所述中央空间突出。
11.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,其中,所述多个部段包括不超过两个的所述部段。
12.根据权利要求11所述的联结件,其中,每个所述部段包括位于其相对端处的可调整的附接部件。
13.根据权利要求12所述的联结件,其中,所述可调整的附接部件包括从每个所述部段的相对端延伸的突出部,每个所述突出部限定用于容纳紧固件的开口。
14.根据权利要求2所述的联结件,其中,所述部段中的至少一个具有邻近所述至少一个部段的一端定位在所述两个侧表面中的至少一个槽口。
15.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,还包括从所述管道向外延伸的且邻近所述第一法兰定位的第二法兰。
16.根据权利要求1所述的联结件,还包括靠近其一端从所述管道向外延伸的倒钩。
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