CN108420051A - 食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉 - Google Patents
食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108420051A CN108420051A CN201710870105.6A CN201710870105A CN108420051A CN 108420051 A CN108420051 A CN 108420051A CN 201710870105 A CN201710870105 A CN 201710870105A CN 108420051 A CN108420051 A CN 108420051A
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- mushroom
- polysaccharide
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- health care
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉，所述食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉由下列原料按重量百分比制成：头菇粉2％‑4％、银耳多糖2％‑4％、香菇多糖2％‑4％、平菇多糖2％‑4％、北虫草多糖1％‑2％、红豆10％‑15％、淮山药15％‑20％、黑芝麻6％‑12％、黑米6％‑13％、黑豆20％‑23％、海藻粉9％‑15％、桑葚10％‑15％、薏米5％‑10％、木糖醇2％‑4％。本发明增强人体免疫力，可调节人休内免疫功能的T细胞活性、抗辐射、抗病毒、抗感染，对癌细胞有强烈抑制作用、健脾益胃、滋肾益精、降低血糖、润肠通二便、减肥、延年益寿、延缓衰老、白发变黑发的全面营养保健食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保健食品，具有能提高人体免疫力和降低各种疾病，并对癌症起到抑制作用，抗病毒、抗辐射、润肌美容、补气血、健脾益胃、滋肾益精、降低血糖、润肠通二便、减肥、延年益寿、延缓衰老的作用。
背景技术
食用菌是人类可食用的大型真菌，可分为以平菇、香菇、蘑菇、金针菇、木耳等为代表的食用型菌类和以灵芝、茯苓、冬虫夏草等为代表的药用型菌类两大类。中国食用菌资源非常丰富，是世界上食用菌最大的生产国、出口国和消费国。食用菌含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、多糖、膳食纤维、不饱和脂肪酸核苷、矿物元素及多种生理活性物质，因此，既具有较高的营养价值，也具有重要的医疗保健功能。随着现代物质文明的高度发达，肥胖症、糖尿病、冠心病、恶性肿瘤等所谓现代“文明病”的发病率居高不下，人们的营养保健观念正在发生显著变化。以食用菌为主要原料制成的保健食品具有特定的保健功能，能够起到调节机体功能的作用，顺应人们对营养健康的要求，具有巨大的开发价值、经济价值和社会价值。1、食用菌的保健功效随着人们对食用菌生物活性的深入研究，其所具有的保健功效已得到多方面的证实。食用菌含有多种类型的功效成分，如多糖类、多肽氨基酸类、矿物质、维生素、三萜类和脂肪类等。食用菌多糖指从食用菌中分离出的由10个以上单糖以糖苷键连接而成的高分子多聚物。作为一类重要的保健食品功能因子，多糖广泛存在于各种食用菌中。目前研究较为深入的食用菌多糖有香菇多糖、灵芝多糖、毛木耳多糖、冬虫夏草菌丝多糖、银耳多糖、双孢蘑菇多糖、猴头菇多糖、裂褶菌多糖、阿魏侧耳多糖、灰树花多糖、鸡腿蘑多糖、姬松茸多糖、竹荪多糖等。
食用菌在保健食品中的应用现状，近年来，食用菌类保健食品已成为保健食品中最为活跃的研究和产品开发领域。以灵芝、茯苓、香菇等为代表的食用菌类原料已成为我国保健食品申报中的常见原料。对国家食品药品监督管理总局保健食品审评系统后台数据库统计发现，自1997年保健食品注册审批开始至今，我国批准注册的食用菌类保健食品已达1900余个，约占批准注册的功能类保健食品的18％，且选用的原料、保健功能具有较为集中的特点。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提出一种食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉，该食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉增强人体免疫力，可调节人休内免疫功能的T细胞活性、抗辐射、抗病毒、抗感染，对癌细胞有强烈抑制作用、健脾益胃、滋肾益精、降低血糖、润肠通二便、减肥、延年益寿、延缓衰老、白发变黑发的全面营养保健食品。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉，其特征在于：所述食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉由下列原料按重量百分比制成：头菇粉2％-4％、银耳多糖2％-4％、香菇多糖2％-4％、平菇多糖2％-4％、北虫草多糖1％-2％、红豆10％-15％、淮山药15％-20％、黑芝麻6％-12％、黑米6％-13％、黑豆20％-23％、海藻粉9％-15％、桑葚10％-15％、薏米5％-10％、木糖醇2％-4％。
所述用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉的优选重量百分比为：头菇粉3％、银耳多糖2％、香菇多糖3％、平菇多糖3％、北虫草多糖1％、红豆12％、淮山药16％、黑芝麻8％、黑米7％、黑豆21％、海藻粉10％、桑葚12％、薏米7％、木糖醇3％。
所述抗碱防潮粉的优选重量百分比为：头菇粉4％、银耳多糖3％、香菇多糖4％、平菇多糖2％、北虫草多糖2％、红豆13％、淮山药18％、黑芝麻10％、黑米10％、黑豆22％、海藻粉12％、桑葚14％、薏米9％、木糖醇4％。
所述生产工艺，按下列步骤操作完成：北虫草、银耳、平菇、香菇三次提取得多糖，薏米、黑桑葚放入铜锅中高温炒制三次，黑芝麻、黑米、黑豆、红小豆、淮山药低温烘焙，温度为300度，时间为30min，猴头菇低温烘焙温度为300度时间为40min破壁打粉，其它用打磨机打成80-200目的粉剂，加入食用菌多糖和海藻粉混合即得保健食品。
食用菌中含多种功效成分，如多糖类、多肽氨基酸类、矿物质、维生素、三萜类等。目前食用菌类保健食品因配方组成各异，保健功能不同，功效成分/标志性成分的选择也不一。多以食用菌多糖、三萜、腺苷为标志性成分，其中多糖约占1/2以上。蛋白质、氨基酸、膳食纤维、牛磺酸等常作为功效成分。
淮山药：淮山药作为高营养食品含有大量蛋白质、糖类、B族维生素、维生素C、维生素E、葡萄糖、粗蛋白氨基酸、胆汁碱、尿囊素、及碘、钙、铁、磷等人体不可缺少的无机盐和微量元素等营养成分。那么淮山药的功效与作用有哪些呢？1.健脾益胃、助消化：山药含有淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶等物质，有利于脾胃消化吸收功能，是一味平补脾胃的药食两用之品。不论脾阳亏或胃阴虚，皆可食用。临床上常用治脾胃虚弱、食少体倦、泄泻等病症；2.滋肾益精：山药含有多种营养素，有强健机体，滋肾益精的作用。大凡肾亏遗精，妇女白带多、小便频数等症，皆可服之；3.益肺止咳：山药含有皂甙、黏液质，有润滑，滋润的作用，故可益肺气，养肺阴，治疗肺虚痰嗽久咳之症；4.降低血糖：山药含有粘液蛋白，有降低血糖的作用，可用于治疗糖尿病，是糖尿病人的食疗佳品；5.延年益寿：山药含有大量的黏液蛋白、维生素及微量元素，能有效阻止血脂在血管壁的沉淀，预防心血疾病，取得益志安神、延年益寿的功效；6.抗肝昏迷：近年研究发现山药具有镇静作用，可来抗肝昏迷健脾胃、同时清除心血管中脂肪的沉淀、改善血液循环。
桑葚的营养价值：桑葚具有很高的营养价值和药用价值，含糖、蛋白质、脂肪、糅酸、苹果酸及维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C、铁、钠、钙、镁、磷、钾、胡萝卜素和花青素。营养是苹果的5-6倍，是葡萄的4倍，具有多种功效。被认为是“二十一世纪最佳果品”。桑葚的功效与作用：
夏天的时候，街上总会出现很多桑葚，黑红的颜色非常得吸引人，看似普通而又常见的水果，蕴含着什么样的功效与作用呢？下面让我们一起来了解一下桑葚的功效与作用吧。1、能够补充营养。桑葚中含有大量的碳水化合物、胡萝卜素、多种维生素及人体必需的微量元素等，能有效地扩充人体的血容量，且补而不腻，适宜于高血压、妇女病患者食疗。2、起到健脾胃，消化的作用。桑葚中含有鞣酸、脂肪酸、苹果酸等营养物质，能帮助脂肪、蛋白质及淀粉的消化，能加快胃液的分泌，促进胃肠蠕动，故有健脾胃助消化之功，所以消化不良、厌食及饭后腹胀、肠鸣者宜食桑葚，以利消化。3、有乌黑头发的功效。桑葚能起到乌黑头发的作用，主要是因为其含有乌黑色素。乌黑素使头发变得乌黑而有亮泽，适合先天不足或后天肝肾亏损长白发的人。长期服用桑葚和黑芝麻，能使白发转黑。
黑豆的功效与作用：活血健脾利水防治便秘通便改善血液循环防骨质疏松养颜美容。预防动脉血管硬，黑豆的油脂中主要是不饱和脂肪酸，它可促进血液中胆固醇的代谢。此外黑豆所内含的植物性固醇，可与其它食物中的固醇类相互竞争吸收，而加速粪便中固醇类的排出，避免过多胆固醇堆积在体内。抗老防衰：黑豆中的维生素E能够成为体内防止氧化的保护层；黑豆种皮释放的红色花青素，可清除体内自由基，抗氧化活性更好，增强活力。预防骨质疏松：黑豆中的异黄酮是一种植物性雌激素，能有效抑制乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结肠癌，对防治中老年骨质疏松也很有帮助。预防便秘：黑豆还能够帮助肠道蠕动，使体内胀气与毒素顺利排除，能改善便秘。防止大脑老化。黑豆中不饱和脂肪酸在人体能转成卵磷脂，它是形成脑神经的主要成份；黑豆中所含的矿物质中钙、磷皆有防止大脑老化迟钝、健脑益智的作用。美容护发：黑豆也含有丰富的维生素B群及维生素E，皆为养颜美容所需之营养成分，尤其它含多量的泛酸，对乌发不变白也有帮助。
黑米的功效与作用：滋阴补肾益气健脾抗衰老活血暖肝止血抗癌抗衰老、预防动脉硬化。黑米外皮层中含有花青素类色素，这种色素本身具有很强的抗衰老作用。国内外研究表明，米的颜色越深，则表皮色素的抗衰老效果越强，黑米色素的作用在各种颜色的米中是最强的。此外，这种色素中还富含黄酮活性物质，是白米的5倍之多，对预防动脉硬化有很大的作用。
本发明有抗肿瘤功效的食用菌种类很多，主要包括层孔菌属、蘑菇属、侧耳属、灰树花属、牛肝菌属、灵芝属、虫草属、猴头菇属、香菇属、马勃属、裂褶菌属等。灵芝相关产品在临床上经常单独使用或者与放化疗结合使用，被认为具有明显的抗癌功效[3]。香菇多糖、裂褶菌多糖、云芝糖肽(PSP)、云芝多糖(PSK)等已作为临床药物应用于免疫性缺陷疾病、自身免疫病和肿瘤等疾病的治疗，并取得良好的临床效果。
抗菌、抗病毒：早在上世纪70年代就发现有些食用菌多糖及其衍生物具有抗病毒作用，后来陆续发现某些多糖对艾滋病病毒(HIV)具有抑制作用[3]。香菇多糖、灵芝多糖、猪苓多糖、冬虫夏草菌丝体多糖等有抗病毒性肝炎作用，能明显降低肝炎患者血清谷丙氨酶。食用菌能产生多种抗生素，其毒性，副作用小。
对心血管系统的保护作用：食用菌中含有的皂苷、萜类、多酚类等物质，降血脂效果明显。巴西菇多糖有降胆固醇，改善动脉硬化等功效。其他如灵芝多糖、香菇多糖、银耳多糖、猴头菇多糖、灰树花多糖等也具有降血脂作用。黑木耳、毛木耳具有益气、活血、止血和止痛等作用，可抑制血栓形成。茯苓多糖能使心肌收缩力加强，心率加快，具有防脑出血、脑血栓等功效。
健胃、助消化作用：猴头菇多糖对幽门结扎致大鼠急性溃疡及乙酸致大鼠慢性溃疡均有明显的抑制作用，对乙醇和消炎痛所致胃黏膜损伤亦有保护作用，并能降低胃酸、胃蛋白酶活性，对慢性胃黏膜损伤有明显的预防和治疗作用。羊肚菌具有健胃补脾、助消化、理气化痰等功效。茯苓能显著提高实验动物肠道双歧杆菌的水平，对肠道菌群具有良好的调节作用。
保肝解毒作用：茯苓多糖含有茯苓酸、层孔酸等16种具有药理作用的物质，具有护肝解毒作用。云芝多糖临床上用于治疗慢性活动性肝炎等。
通便利尿作用：食用菌含丰富的优质膳食纤维，能有效降低血清胆固醇，抑制脂肪吸收，并可改善便秘症状。茯苓菌核醇提物具有利尿作用，临床多用于利水消收。此外部分食用菌还有降血糖、抗辐射等保健功能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明：
实施例1：按下列重量百分比选取食材：头菇粉3％、银耳多糖2％、香菇多糖3％、平菇多糖3％、北虫草多糖1％、红豆12％、淮山药16％、黑芝麻8％、黑米7％、黑豆21％、海藻粉10％、桑葚12％、薏米7％、木糖醇3％；将上述食材中的北虫草、银耳、平菇、香菇三次提取得多糖，薏米、黑桑葚放入铜锅中高温炒制三次，黑芝麻、黑米、黑豆、红小豆、淮山药低温烘焙，温度为300度，时间为30min，猴头菇低温烘焙温度为300度时间为40min破壁打粉，其它用打磨机打成80-200目的粉剂，加入食用菌多糖和海藻粉混合即得保健食品。
实施例：2：按下列重量百分比选取食材：头菇粉4％、银耳多糖3％、香菇多糖4％、平菇多糖2％、北虫草多糖2％、红豆13％、淮山药18％、黑芝麻10％、黑米10％、黑豆22％、海藻粉12％、桑葚14％、薏米9％、木糖醇4％；将上述食材中的北虫草、银耳、平菇、香菇三次提取得多糖，薏米、黑桑葚放入铜锅中高温炒制三次，黑芝麻、黑米、黑豆、红小豆、淮山药低温烘焙，温度为300度，时间为30min，猴头菇低温烘焙温度为300度时间为40min破壁打粉，其它用打磨机打成80-200目的粉剂，加入食用菌多糖和海藻粉混合即得保健食品。
Claims (4)
1.一种食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉，其特征在于：所述食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉由下列原料按重量百分比制成：头菇粉2％-4％、银耳多糖2％-4％、香菇多糖2％-4％、平菇多糖2％-4％、北虫草多糖1％-2％、红豆10％-15％、淮山药15％-20％、黑芝麻6％-12％、黑米6％-13％、黑豆20％-23％、海藻粉9％-15％、桑葚10％-15％、薏米5％-10％、木糖醇2％-4％。
2.一种食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉，其特征在于：所述用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉的优选重量百分比为：头菇粉3％、银耳多糖2％、香菇多糖3％、平菇多糖3％、北虫草多糖1％、红豆12％、淮山药16％、黑芝麻8％、黑米7％、黑豆21％、海藻粉10％、桑葚12％、薏米7％、木糖醇3％。
3.一种食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉，其特征在于：所述抗碱防潮粉的优选重量百分比为：头菇粉4％、银耳多糖3％、香菇多糖4％、平菇多糖2％、北虫草多糖2％、红豆13％、淮山药18％、黑芝麻10％、黑米10％、黑豆22％、海藻粉12％、桑葚14％、薏米9％、木糖醇4％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的食用菌五谷杂粮养生保健粉的制备方法，其特征在于：所述生产工艺，按下列步骤操作完成：北虫草、银耳、平菇、香菇三次提取得多糖，薏米、黑桑葚放入铜锅中高温炒制三次，黑芝麻、黑米、黑豆、红小豆、淮山药低温烘焙，温度为300度，时间为30min，猴头菇低温烘焙温度为300度时间为40min破壁打粉，其它用打磨机打成80-200目的粉剂，加入食用菌多糖和海藻粉混合即得保健食品。
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Application publication date: 20180821 |