CN108410551A - 一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108410551A
CN108410551A CN201810111953.3A CN201810111953A CN108410551A CN 108410551 A CN108410551 A CN 108410551A CN 201810111953 A CN201810111953 A CN 201810111953A CN 108410551 A CN108410551 A CN 108410551A
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parts
lubricating oil
mechanical equipment
additive
nano
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孔令翠
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Hefei Ou Shijia Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
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Hefei Ou Shijia Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油及其制备方法，涉及润滑油技术领域，包括以下重量份计的原料：基础油60‑75份、纳米氮化硅2‑5份、聚四氟乙烯粉5‑10份、二硫化钼8‑14份、清净分散剂5‑12份、抗氧抗腐剂4‑9份、挤压抗磨剂5‑10份、黏度指数改进剂3‑6份、防锈添加剂5‑8份、抗乳化剂2‑5份；本发明机械设备用润滑油润滑性能高，粘结性好，性质稳定，抗乳化性能高，不易凝固聚结，使用寿命长，制备流程安全操作性高，易规模化生产，具有很好的市场应用前景。

Description

一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油及其制备方法。
背景技术
润滑油是用在各种类型汽车，机械设备上以减少摩擦，保护机械及加工件的液体或半固体润滑剂，主要起润滑、缓冲等作用。
机械设备的润滑管理是机械设备技术管理汇总重要组成部分，也是设备维护工作中的重要内容，搞好设备润滑工作，是保证设备正常运转、减少设备磨损、防止和减少设备事故，降低动力消耗，延长设备修理周期和使用寿命的有效措施。机械设备在运转时，如果一些摩擦部位得不到适当的润滑，就会产生干摩擦，干摩擦在短时间内产生的热量足以使金属熔化，造成机件的损坏、导致机械设备停止运转甚至造成危险事故发生，因此必须对机械设备中的摩擦部位给予良好的润滑，减少摩擦部位之间的阻力，确保机械设备安全运行，减少机械设备维修的次数和成本，延长机械设备的使用时间。
现有技术中的机械设备润滑油，随着润滑油的储存时间增长，极易发生乳化现象，使润滑油的润滑功能大大降低，并且乳化的润滑油会凝固在机械设备表面，不易清洗，影响机械设备外观洁净度。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油及其制备方法，本发明机械设备用润滑油润滑性能高，粘结性好，性质稳定，抗乳化性能高，不易凝固聚结，使用寿命长，制备流程安全操作性高，易规模化生产，具有很好的市场应用前景。
为了达到上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，包括以下重量份计的原料：
基础油60-75份、纳米氮化硅2-5份、聚四氟乙烯粉5-10份、二硫化钼8-14份、清净分散剂5-12份、抗氧抗腐剂4-9份、挤压抗磨剂5-10份、黏度指数改进剂3-6份、防锈添加剂5-8份、抗乳化剂2-5份；
所述基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃20-35份、硅油8-15份、磷酸酯5-12份和硼酸酯4-9份。
优选地，包括以下重量份计的原料：基础油70份、纳米氮化硅3份、聚四氟乙烯粉6份、二硫化钼12份、清净分散剂8份、抗氧抗腐剂6份、挤压抗磨剂7份、黏度指数改进剂4份、防锈添加剂7份、抗乳化剂4份；
所述基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃32份、硅油12份、磷酸酯9份和硼酸酯6份。
优选地，所述挤压抗磨剂为纳米粒子和硼酸盐按照质量比2:1混合组成；
所述纳米粒子为纳米金刚石、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝或者纳米氧化镁按照质量比2:1:2混合组成；
所述硼酸盐为硼酸钠盐或者硼酸钾盐。
优选地，所述清净分散剂为丁二酰亚胺和双丁二酰亚胺按照质量比1:3混合组成。
优选地，所述抗氧抗腐剂为二芳基二硫代磷酸锌盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸钙盐中的一种或几种结合。
优选地，所述黏度指数改进剂为分子量为10000-15000聚正丁基乙烯醚、分子质量为15000-18000聚异丁烯、分子质量为10000-16000聚甲基丙烯酸酯和分子质量为20000-25000乙烯-丙烯共聚物中的一种或几种结合。
优选地，所述防锈添加剂为山梨糖醇单油酸酯、羊毛酯和脂肪胺油酸盐中的一种或几种结合。
优选地，所述抗乳化剂为胺与环氧化物缩合物、环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段共聚醚和聚环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷醚中的一种或几种结合。
本发明中还公开了一种上述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的制备方法，具体地，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料称取：按照机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的原料重量份数称取各原料；
(2)颗粒粉碎：将纳米氮化硅、聚四氟乙烯粉和二硫化钼混合均匀，投入球磨机中，研磨颗粒粒径至1500-2000目，得到混合物料a，备用；
(3)制备基础油：将聚α-烯烃、硅油、磷酸酯和硼酸酯搅拌混合均匀，投入超声波分散机中进行分散，分散温度50-70摄氏度，分散时间20-35分钟，即得基础油，备用；
(4)制备机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油：将步骤(2)中制得的混合物料a和步骤(3)中制得的基础油以及清净分散剂、抗氧抗腐剂、挤压抗磨剂、黏度指数改进剂、防锈添加剂和抗乳化剂混合均匀，在45-56摄氏度下，以1200-1800转/分钟搅拌15-30分钟，然后升温至65-80摄氏度，用高速剪切机剪切1-2小时，自然冷却至室温，即得所述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油。
本发明具有如下的有益效果：
(1)本发明机械设备用润滑油润滑性能高，粘结性好，性质稳定，抗乳化性能高，不易凝固聚结，使用寿命长，制备流程安全操作性高，易规模化生产，具有很好的市场应用前景；
(2)本发明原料中的基础油为聚α-烯烃、硅油、磷酸酯和硼酸酯按照一定比例混合组成，混合体质良好，具有很高的热稳定性、抗氧化性和抗黏度变化能力，基础油汇总的磷酸酯和硼酸酯可以在机械部件表面形成一层油膜层，不仅具有很好的润滑性，同时具有保护机械设备部件表面的作用；
(3)本发明原料中添加有聚四氟乙烯，聚四氟乙烯具有良好的耐高低温性能、抗酸碱性能和抗氧化性能，并且摩擦系数极低，可以提高润滑油的润滑功能极其它综合性能；
(4)本发明原料中添加有二硫化钼，二硫化钼是重要的固体润滑剂，特别适用于高温高压下。它产品具有分散性好，不粘结的优点，可添加在各种油脂里，形成绝不粘结的胶体状态，能增加油脂的润滑性和极压性，极大程度提高润滑油的润滑性能，也适用于高温、高压、高转速高负荷的机械工作状态，延长设备寿命；
(5)本发明原料中添加有磷酸酯，磷酸酯具有极大的抗磨性。添加的润滑油中，可以减少机器运行时的摩擦和磨损，延长设备使用寿命；
(6)本发明原料中添加有硼酸酯，硼酸酯具有高沸点，抗老化的性能，可以增加润滑油的耐热性、耐腐蚀性以及阻燃性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述，以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，包括以下重量份计的原料：
基础油60份、纳米氮化硅2份、聚四氟乙烯粉5份、二硫化钼8份、清净分散剂5份、抗氧抗腐剂4份、挤压抗磨剂5份、黏度指数改进剂3份、防锈添加剂5份、抗乳化剂2份；
基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃20份、硅油8份、磷酸酯5份和硼酸酯4份。
挤压抗磨剂为纳米粒子和硼酸盐按照质量比2:1混合组成；
纳米粒子为纳米金刚石、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝或者纳米氧化镁按照质量比2:1:2混合组成；
硼酸盐为硼酸钠盐。
清净分散剂为丁二酰亚胺和双丁二酰亚胺按照质量比1:3混合组成。
抗氧抗腐剂为二芳基二硫代磷酸锌盐和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐按照质量比1:1混合组成。
黏度指数改进剂为分子量为10000-15000聚正丁基乙烯醚。
防锈添加剂为山梨糖醇单油酸酯。
抗乳化剂为胺与环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段共聚醚
本实施例中还公开了一种上述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的制备方法，具体地，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料称取：按照机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的原料重量份数称取各原料；
(2)颗粒粉碎：将纳米氮化硅、聚四氟乙烯粉和二硫化钼混合均匀，投入球磨机中，研磨颗粒粒径至1500目，得到混合物料a，备用；
(3)制备基础油：将聚α-烯烃、硅油、磷酸酯和硼酸酯搅拌混合均匀，投入超声波分散机中进行分散，分散温度50摄氏度，分散时间20分钟，即得基础油，备用；
(4)制备机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油：将步骤(2)中制得的混合物料a和步骤(3)中制得的基础油以及清净分散剂、抗氧抗腐剂、挤压抗磨剂、黏度指数改进剂、防锈添加剂和抗乳化剂混合均匀，在45摄氏度下，以1200转/分钟搅拌15分钟，然后升温至65摄氏度，用高速剪切机剪切1小时，自然冷却至室温，即得所述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油。
实施例2
一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，包括以下重量份计的原料：
基础油75份、纳米氮化硅5份、聚四氟乙烯粉10份、二硫化钼14份、清净分散剂12份、抗氧抗腐剂9份、挤压抗磨剂10份、黏度指数改进剂6份、防锈添加剂8份、抗乳化剂5份；
基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃35份、硅油15份、磷酸酯12份和硼酸酯9份。
挤压抗磨剂为纳米粒子和硼酸盐按照质量比2:1混合组成；
纳米粒子为纳米金刚石、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝或者纳米氧化镁按照质量比2:1:2混合组成；
硼酸盐为硼酸钾盐。
清净分散剂为丁二酰亚胺和双丁二酰亚胺按照质量比1:3混合组成。
抗氧抗腐剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸钙盐。
黏度指数改进剂为分子量为10000-15000聚正丁基乙烯醚和分子质量为15000-18000聚异丁烯按照质量比1:1混合组成。
防锈添加剂为羊毛酯和脂肪胺油酸盐按照质量比1:1混合组成。
抗乳化剂为环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段共聚醚。
本实施例中还公开了一种上述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的制备方法，具体地，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料称取：按照机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的原料重量份数称取各原料；
(2)颗粒粉碎：将纳米氮化硅、聚四氟乙烯粉和二硫化钼混合均匀，投入球磨机中，研磨颗粒粒径至2000目，得到混合物料a，备用；
(3)制备基础油：将聚α-烯烃、硅油、磷酸酯和硼酸酯搅拌混合均匀，投入超声波分散机中进行分散，分散温度70摄氏度，分散时间35分钟，即得基础油，备用；
(4)制备机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油：将步骤(2)中制得的混合物料a和步骤(3)中制得的基础油以及清净分散剂、抗氧抗腐剂、挤压抗磨剂、黏度指数改进剂、防锈添加剂和抗乳化剂混合均匀，在56摄氏度下，以1800转/分钟搅拌30分钟，然后升温至80摄氏度，用高速剪切机剪切2小时，自然冷却至室温，即得所述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油。
实施例3
一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，包括以下重量份计的原料：
基础油70份、纳米氮化硅3份、聚四氟乙烯粉6份、二硫化钼12份、清净分散剂8份、抗氧抗腐剂6份、挤压抗磨剂7份、黏度指数改进剂4份、防锈添加剂7份、抗乳化剂4份；
基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃32份、硅油12份、磷酸酯9份和硼酸酯6份。
挤压抗磨剂为纳米粒子和硼酸盐按照质量比2:1混合组成；
纳米粒子为纳米金刚石、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝或者纳米氧化镁按照质量比2:1:2混合组成；
硼酸盐为硼酸钠盐或者硼酸钾盐。
清净分散剂为丁二酰亚胺和双丁二酰亚胺按照质量比1:3混合组成。
抗氧抗腐剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐和二烷基二硫代磷酸钙盐按照质量比2:1混合组成。
黏度指数改进剂为分子质量为10000-16000聚甲基丙烯酸酯和分子质量为20000-25000乙烯-丙烯共聚物按照质量比2:1混合组成。
防锈添加剂为山梨糖醇单油酸酯和脂肪胺油酸盐中按照质量比2:1混合组成。
抗乳化剂为聚环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷醚。
本实施例中还公开了一种上述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的制备方法，具体地，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料称取：按照机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的原料重量份数称取各原料；
(2)颗粒粉碎：将纳米氮化硅、聚四氟乙烯粉和二硫化钼混合均匀，投入球磨机中，研磨颗粒粒径至1800目，得到混合物料a，备用；
(3)制备基础油：将聚α-烯烃、硅油、磷酸酯和硼酸酯搅拌混合均匀，投入超声波分散机中进行分散，分散温度60摄氏度，分散时间30分钟，即得基础油，备用；
(4)制备机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油：将步骤(2)中制得的混合物料a和步骤(3)中制得的基础油以及清净分散剂、抗氧抗腐剂、挤压抗磨剂、黏度指数改进剂、防锈添加剂和抗乳化剂混合均匀，在50摄氏度下，以1600转/分钟搅拌20分钟，然后升温至75摄氏度，用高速剪切机剪切1.5小时，自然冷却至室温，即得所述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，包括以下按重量份计的原料：
基础油60-75份、纳米氮化硅2-5份、聚四氟乙烯粉5-10份、二硫化钼8-14份、清净分散剂5-12份、抗氧抗腐剂4-9份、挤压抗磨剂5-10份、黏度指数改进剂3-6份、防锈添加剂5-8份、抗乳化剂2-5份；
所述基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃20-35份、硅油8-15份、磷酸酯5-12份和硼酸酯4-9份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，包括以下重量份计的原料：基础油70份、纳米氮化硅3份、聚四氟乙烯粉6份、二硫化钼12份、清净分散剂8份、抗氧抗腐剂6份、挤压抗磨剂7份、黏度指数改进剂4份、防锈添加剂7份、抗乳化剂4份；
所述基础油包括以下重量份计的原料：聚α-烯烃32份、硅油12份、磷酸酯9份和硼酸酯6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，所述挤压抗磨剂为纳米粒子和硼酸盐按照质量比2:1混合组成；
所述纳米粒子为纳米金刚石、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝或者纳米氧化镁按照质量比2:1:2混合组成；
所述硼酸盐为硼酸钠盐或者硼酸钾盐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，所述清净分散剂为丁二酰亚胺和双丁二酰亚胺按照质量比1:3混合组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，所述抗氧抗腐剂为二芳基二硫代磷酸锌盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸钙盐中的一种或几种结合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，所述黏度指数改进剂为分子量为10000-15000聚正丁基乙烯醚、分子质量为15000-18000聚异丁烯、分子质量为10000-16000聚甲基丙烯酸酯和分子质量为20000-25000乙烯-丙烯共聚物中的一种或几种结合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，所述防锈添加剂为山梨糖醇单油酸酯、羊毛酯和脂肪胺油酸盐中的一种或几种结合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油，其特征在于，所述抗乳化剂为胺与环氧化物缩合物、环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段共聚醚和聚环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷醚中的一种或几种结合。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料称取：按照机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油的原料重量份数称取各原料；
(2)颗粒粉碎：将纳米氮化硅、聚四氟乙烯粉和二硫化钼混合均匀，投入球磨机中，研磨颗粒粒径至1500-2000目，得到混合物料a，备用；
(3)制备基础油：将聚α-烯烃、硅油、磷酸酯和硼酸酯搅拌混合均匀，投入超声波分散机中进行分散，分散温度50-70摄氏度，分散时间20-35分钟，即得基础油，备用；
(4)制备机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油：将步骤(2)中制得的混合物料a和步骤(3)中制得的基础油以及清净分散剂、抗氧抗腐剂、挤压抗磨剂、黏度指数改进剂、防锈添加剂和抗乳化剂混合均匀，在45-56摄氏度下，以1200-1800转/分钟搅拌15-30分钟，然后升温至65-80摄氏度，用高速剪切机剪切1-2小时，自然冷却至室温，即得所述机械设备用抗腐蚀润滑油。
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