CN108383582A - A kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its method of administration - Google Patents

A kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its method of administration Download PDF

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CN108383582A
CN108383582A CN201810323119.0A CN201810323119A CN108383582A CN 108383582 A CN108383582 A CN 108383582A CN 201810323119 A CN201810323119 A CN 201810323119A CN 108383582 A CN108383582 A CN 108383582A
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fertilizer
special
weight
parts
group
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梁飞
王国栋
王克全
张磊
刘瑜
李全胜
戴昱余
朱拥军
曾胜和
陈云
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Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences
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Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences
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Priority to CN201810323119.0A priority Critical patent/CN108383582A/en
Priority to CN202110958850.2A priority patent/CN113563127A/en
Publication of CN108383582A publication Critical patent/CN108383582A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Promote phosphorus root zone the invention discloses a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen and regulates and controls special fertilizer, including emergence water special fertilizer, flower bud phase special fertilizer, florescence special fertilizer, bell phase special fertilizer.Features of movement of the present invention according to the dissolubilities of Different Nutrients and its in the soil, the water soluble fertilizer that conventional N P and K is lumped together, it changes into and is fixed easily group fertilizer and easy to migrate group, in such a way that different time enters Irrigation and fertilization system, N P and K is realized reasonably to be distributed in around cotton root system, more conventional water soluble fertilizer solves the problems, such as the liquid manure root collaboration in cotton growth process than reducing the fixation of phosphate fertilizer and the gaseous loss of nitrogenous fertilizer and leaching loss.

Description

A kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its method of administration
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, especially a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its applies Use method.
Background technology
Cotton in Xinjiang production has very important status in Chinese cotton industrial development, and Yield of Cotton In Large Area implements machinery at present Picking causes original cotton quality advantage to weaken, has seriously affected the quality competitiveness of raw cotton in the international market, market is occupied Rate reduces.As National Cotton production area is laid out and ensures the influence of national food security policy, the following cotton in Xinjiang production Strategic position will more protrude, it is ensured that High-Efficient Cotton Significance of Sustainable Development is great.With the development of modern agriculture, chemical fertilizer exists It is had been widely used in agricultural production.The element of Developmental of Cotton is soil, illumination, temperature, air, moisture and supports Point.Under cotton natural growthing condition, illumination, temperature, three factors such as air, under current field cultivating condition, also temporarily It is difficult to, and soil, three factors of moisture and nutrient, then the requirement and Cotton Production when can be according to Developmental of Cotton be excellent Matter, highly efficient and productive target are regulated and controled.
Trickle irrigation Fertigation technology (also referred to as the Integration of Water into Fertilizer) dissolves in fertilizer in fertilising container, and in company with irrigation Water enters the process of crop root zone along pipeline through water dropper.Trickle irrigation moisture is directly instilled the soil near crop root by water dropper, Cotton root area forms an elliposoidal or spherical wetting body;The characteristics of due to trickle irrigation Fertigation, nutrient also integrated distribution by It drips in the wetting body to be formed, however the migration distance of npk nutrient in the soil and speed difference, after urea is applied with water droplet It is easy with Water Transport;Phosphate fertilizer is easy to be fixed by adsorption by soil, and mobility is weaker with respect to for nitrogen;The mobility of potassium is opposite It is weaker for nitrogen, and it is strong compared with phosphorus element.Due to the features of movement of different molecular weight in irrigation quantity and fertilizer element, N P and K exists It includes that N P and K does not all reach root zone that five kinds of situations, which occurs, in root zone distribution, and it is not to reach root zone that nitrogen, which reaches root zone phosphorus potassium, and nitrogen potassium arrives It is not up to up to root zone phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen potassium is reached exactly to more than root zone phosphate fertilizer, but our optimal modes are N P and Ks in root Area.Therefore under identical migration time and irrigation volume, different migration velocities often results in N P and K distributed area and Levant Cotton Root System's distribution is inconsistent, is unfavorable for the absorption of N P and K, it is suppressed that the raising of liquid manure efficiency and crop yield.
Invention content
The invention aims to solve that deficiency exists in the prior art, a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen rush phosphorus root zone tune is provided Control special fertilizer and its method of administration, the Fertilizer Combination can regulate and control root zone Nutrient distribution and root system configuration, and the ammonia for reducing nitrogenous fertilizer is waved Hair and leaching loss, reduce the fixation of phosphate fertilizer, make N P and K in distribution root zone, disclosure satisfy that different growing Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation nutrient needs It asks, reaches microelement-supplementing balance crop nutrition content, promote fertilizer efficiency, promote growth, resistant to lodging and raising output of cotton.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented according to following technical scheme:
A kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone and regulates and controls special fertilizer, including emergence water special fertilizer, flower bud phase special fertilizer, florescence are special With fertilizer, bell phase special fertilizer, the emergence water special fertilizer is composed of the following components:Urea phosphate 40-45 parts by weight, ammonium polyphosphate 10- 15 parts by weight, humic acid potassium 40-45 parts by weight, potassium nitrate 5-15 parts by weight, Nafusaku 0.2-1 parts by weight;The flower bud phase is special Be fixed easily group fertilizer I and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is formed by jointing is special with fertilizer, the jointing is special be fixed easily group fertilizer I by Following components forms:Monoammonium phosphate 45-55 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 38-42 parts by weight, amino-acid zinc 5-8 parts by weight, magnesium sulfate 5- 10 parts by weight;The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is composed of the following components:Urea 55-75 parts by weight, ammonium polyphosphate 5-10 weights Measure part, urea phosphate 5-10 parts by weight, potassium chloride 20-35 parts by weight, ammonium molybdate 1-3 parts by weight;The florescence special fertilizer is by giving birth to Mid-term is special to be fixed easily group fertilizer II and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II compositions of bearing desire, and the bearing desire is special to be fixed easily a group fertilizer II is composed of the following components:Monoammonium phosphate 42-45 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 45-55 parts by weight, amino-acid zinc 3-5 parts by weight, sulfuric acid Magnesium 5-10 parts by weight;The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is composed of the following components:Urea 55-60 parts by weight, sulfuric acid Ammonium 10-15 parts by weight, potassium chloride 25-35 parts by weight, borax 4-6 parts by weight, manganese sulfate 1-3 parts by weight, ammonium molybdate 1-3 weight Part;The bell phase special fertilizer is fixed easily group fertilizer III and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is formed by late growth stage is special, The late growth stage is special, and to be fixed easily group fertilizer III composed of the following components:Monoammonium phosphate 70-80 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 18-23 weights Measure part, potassium phosphite 1-3 parts by weight, amino-acid zinc 1-4 parts by weight, magnesium sulfate 1-3 parts by weight;The late growth stage is special easily to be moved Shifting group fertilizer III is composed of the following components:Urea 60-75 parts by weight, ammonium sulfate 10-15 parts by weight, potassium chloride 13-22 parts by weight, Borax 1-3 parts by weight, manganese sulfate 2-5 parts by weight, potassium phosphite 1-2 parts by weight.
The urea that urea of the present invention, the specially mass percentage of N are 46%.
Monoammonium phosphate of the present invention, specially P2O5Mass percentage be 60%, the mass percentage of N is 12% monoammonium phosphate, preferred insolubles content are less than 0.5% monoammonium phosphate.
Potassium sulfate of the present invention, specially K2The potassium sulfate that the mass percentage of O is 50%.
Potassium chloride of the present invention, specially K2The potassium sulfate that the mass percentage of O is 60%.
Potassium nitrate of the present invention, specially K2The mass percentage of O is 46%, the mass percentage of N is 13% potassium nitrate.
Urea phosphate of the present invention, specially P2O5Mass percentage be 44%, the mass percentage of N is 17% urea phosphate.
Humic acid potassium of the present invention, specially K2The mass percentage of O is more than 8%, humic acid quality hundred Content is divided to be more than 55% humic acid potassium.
Amino-acid zinc of the present invention, the specially mass percentage of total amino acid content are more than 25%, zinc matter Measure the amino-acid zinc that percentage composition is more than 8%.
Magnesium sulfate of the present invention, specially MgSO4·7H2The magnesium sulfate that the mass percentage of O is 99.5%.
Ammonium molybdate of the present invention, the specially mass percentage of molybdenum are more than 55% ammonium heptamolybdate.
Borax of the present invention, specially purity are more than the sodium tetraborate that 95%, water-insoluble is less than 0.5%.
Manganese sulfate of the present invention, specially purity be more than 98%, water-insoluble less than 0.5% anhydrous manganous sulfate, Manganous sulfate monohydrate or four hydrated manganese sulfates.
Ammonium polyphosphate of the present invention, specially P2O5Mass percentage > 68%, N mass percentage be 13%, the ammonium polyphosphate of degree of polymerization 3-4.
Potassium phosphite of the present invention, specially P2O5Mass percentage > 46%, K2The quality hundred of O Content is divided to be more than 36% potassium phosphite.
The preparation method that Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen of the present invention promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer is:According to required fertilizer total weight, According to single fertilizer formula listed as parts by weight each component quality.Then load weighted corresponding fertilizer is uniformly mixed and is can be obtained Single fertilizer group;Group fertilizer will be fixed easily and easy to migrate group of fertilizer combines the root zone regulation and control special fertilizer group to form each breeding time, by four groups Seven fertilizer groups put together to form Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen rush phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer set group.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promote phosphorus root zone regulate and control special fertilizer method of administration, below with The amount of application of cotton per acre, specifically includes:
(1) method of administration of emergence water special fertilizer:After the completion of sowing cotton seed, synoptic process is avoided, trickle irrigation clear water 30 divides Drip irrigation system is added, until emergence water special fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, together in 2.0-3kg trickle irrigations emergence water special fertilizer by Zhong Hou When control dripping irrigation water amount, be more than sowing cotton seed row 10cm with wetting front, trickle irrigation water is no less than 15m3, be not higher than 30m3
(2) method of administration of flower bud phase special fertilizer:After cotton emergence, postpone trickle irrigation clear water time first time, normal cotton field June First time in the first tenday period of a month trickle irrigation clear water, prosperous seedling adhere to seeing that colored first time trickle irrigation clear water, weak seedling or soil moisture content deficiency cotton field shift to an earlier date drop for the first time Fill clear water;Then start second of trickle irrigation clear water, flower bud phase special fertilizer is administered simultaneously:First carry out second trickle irrigation clear water 90 minutes, Then a drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer I2.5-5kg that is fixed easily of jointing, trickle irrigation is after 120 minutes, will jointing is special per acre easily moves Drip irrigation system is added in shifting group fertilizer I4.5-6.5kg, until after the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I whole trickle irrigations of jointing are complete, continues trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes or more;
(3) method of administration of florescence special fertilizer:Cotton first flower to full-bloom stage, 1. for the first time:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 divides Then drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer II3.5-5.5kg that is fixed easily of bearing desire by clock;It is after 90 minutes, bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added with easy to migrate group of fertilizer II3.5-6.5kg, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continues 60-90 points of trickle irrigation clear water Clock;2. third time:Then drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer II4-5kg that is fixed easily of bearing desire by first trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes; After 120 minutes, drip irrigation system is added in the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4-5kg of bearing desire, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, after Continuous trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes or more;3. third time:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes is fixed easily a group fertilizer by bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in II4.5-6kg;After 120 minutes, trickle irrigation system is added in the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4-5.5kg of bearing desire System continues trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes or more until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete;
(4) method of administration of bell phase special fertilizer:Cotton Shengjing Town to the phase in the term of opening bolls, 1. for the first time:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes, drip irrigation system then is added in the special group fertilizer III1.5-2.0kg that is fixed easily of late growth stage;It after sixty minutes, will be after fertility Phase, drip irrigation system was added in special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III2.5-3.0kg, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continued trickle irrigation clear water 90 Minute;2. second:Then drop is added in the special group fertilizer III1.5-3.5kg that is fixed easily of late growth stage by first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes Fill system;After 90 minutes, drip irrigation system is added in the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III3.5-4.0kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer is whole After trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes;3. third time:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes, it is then that late growth stage is special easily solid Drip irrigation system is added in fixed group fertilizer III0.5-1.0kg;After sixty minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III2.0-2.5kg of late growth stage Drip irrigation system is added, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continues trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes or more.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following effective:
Features of movement of the present invention according to the dissolubilities of Different Nutrients and its in the soil, it is one that conventional N P and K, which is mixed, The water soluble fertilizer of body is changed into and is fixed easily group fertilizer and easy to migrate group, in such a way that different time enters Irrigation and fertilization system, It realizes N P and K to be reasonably distributed in around cotton root system, fixation and nitrogen of the more conventional water soluble fertilizer than reducing phosphate fertilizer The gaseous loss and leaching loss of fertilizer solve the problems, such as the liquid manure root collaboration in cotton growth process.
The present invention using Different Fertilization period difference special fertilizer group by the way of, realizing fertilizer and cotton needs the synchronous of fertilizer Property, more conventional Water soluble fertilizer ratio overcomes the cotton fertility unbalanced problem of middle and later periods nutrient supply.
The present invention devises Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation emergence water special fertilizer, realizes the improvement soil purpose consistent with fertilising, carries High cotton Phase ofsprouting, solves the problems, such as that the big seedling formed due to local liquid manure difference, raising cotton give birth to growing way early period Consistency.
The present invention is defeated by N P and K and other nutrients by the control of the compounding application and fertilization time of special fertilizer group It is sent to the specified position of root zone, optimizes Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation root system possible configurations, improves the lodging resistance of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation.
The Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen of the present invention promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer set group and method of administration realizes whole liquid manure one Change, achievees the purpose that saving of labor, saves fertile, water-saving, high yield, stable yields.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, in the illustrative examples and explanation of the invention For explaining the present invention, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
Nutrient distribution area caused by order to solve the different migration velocity of N P and K and cotton root system distribution are inconsistent, unfavorable In the absorption of N P and K the case where, the present invention provides a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen and promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its application side Method can regulate and control root zone Nutrient distribution and root system configuration, and N P and K is made in distribution root zone, to disclosure satisfy that different growing trickle irrigation Cotton nutrient demand reaches microelement-supplementing balance crop nutrition content, promotes fertilizer efficiency, promotes growth, resistant to lodging and raising cotton Yield.
Embodiment 1
The Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and is made of following combination:
Emergence water special fertilizer:
It is composed of the following components:40 parts by weight of urea phosphate, 10 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, 40 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, nitric acid 5 parts by weight of potassium, 0.2 parts by weight of Nafusaku;
Flower bud phase special fertilizer:
Be fixed easily group fertilizer I and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is formed by jointing is special, jointing is special be fixed easily group fertilizer I by Following components forms:45 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 38 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 5 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, 5 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is composed of the following components:55 parts by weight of urea, 5 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, urea phosphate 5 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 1 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate;
Florescence special fertilizer:
It is fixed easily group fertilizer II and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is formed by bearing desire is special, bearing desire is special It is composed of the following components to be fixed easily group fertilizer II:42 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 45 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 3 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, sulphur 5 parts by weight of sour magnesium;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is composed of the following components:55 parts by weight of urea, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, chlorine Change 25 parts by weight of potassium, 4 parts by weight of borax, 1 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 1 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate;
Bell phase special fertilizer:
It is fixed easily group fertilizer III and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is formed by late growth stage is special, late growth stage is special With being fixed easily, group fertilizer III is composed of the following components:70 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 18 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 1 weight of potassium phosphite Part, 1 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, 1 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is composed of the following components:60 parts by weight of urea, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 13 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 1 parts by weight of borax, 2 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 1 parts by weight of potassium phosphite.
Embodiment 2
The Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and is made of following combination:
Emergence water special fertilizer:
It is composed of the following components:45 parts by weight of urea phosphate, 15 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, 45 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, nitric acid 15 parts by weight of potassium, 1 parts by weight of Nafusaku;
Flower bud phase special fertilizer:
Be fixed easily group fertilizer I and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is formed by jointing is special, jointing is special be fixed easily group fertilizer I by Following components forms:55 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 42 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 8 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, 10 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is composed of the following components:75 parts by weight of urea, 10 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, phosphoric acid 10 parts by weight of urea, 35 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 3 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate;
Florescence special fertilizer:
It is fixed easily group fertilizer II and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is formed by bearing desire is special, bearing desire is special It is composed of the following components to be fixed easily group fertilizer II:45 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 55 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 5 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, sulphur 10 parts by weight of sour magnesium;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is composed of the following components:60 parts by weight of urea, 15 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, chlorine Change 35 parts by weight of potassium, 6 parts by weight of borax, 3 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 3 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate;
Bell phase special fertilizer:
It is fixed easily group fertilizer III and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is formed by late growth stage is special, late growth stage is special With being fixed easily, group fertilizer III is composed of the following components:80 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 23 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 3 weight of potassium phosphite Part, 4 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, 3 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is composed of the following components:75 parts by weight of urea, 15 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 22 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 3 parts by weight of borax, 5 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 2 parts by weight of potassium phosphite.
Embodiment 3
The Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and is made of following combination:
Emergence water special fertilizer:
It is composed of the following components:42.8 parts by weight of urea phosphate, 12 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, 40 parts by weight of humic acid potassium, nitre 5 parts by weight of sour potassium, 0.2 parts by weight of Nafusaku;
Flower bud phase special fertilizer:
Be fixed easily group fertilizer I and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is formed by jointing is special, jointing is special be fixed easily group fertilizer I by Following components forms:48 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 40 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 6 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, 8 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is composed of the following components:60 parts by weight of urea, 10 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, phosphoric acid 5 parts by weight of urea, 23 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 2 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate;
Florescence special fertilizer:
It is fixed easily group fertilizer II and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is formed by bearing desire is special, bearing desire is special It is composed of the following components to be fixed easily group fertilizer II:46 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 44 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 3 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, sulphur 7 parts by weight of sour magnesium;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is composed of the following components:57.5 parts by weight of urea, 10 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 4.5 parts by weight of borax, 1.5 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 1.5 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate;
Bell phase special fertilizer:
It is fixed easily group fertilizer III and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is formed by late growth stage is special, late growth stage is special With being fixed easily, group fertilizer III is composed of the following components:75 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 21.5 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 1.5 weight of potassium phosphite Measure part, 1 parts by weight of amino-acid zinc, 1 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III of late growth stage is composed of the following components:64 parts by weight of urea, 13 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 18 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 1.8 parts by weight of borax, 2.2 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 1 parts by weight of potassium phosphite.
Before fertilising, corresponding straight fertilizer is weighed up according to single fertilizer formula weight ratio according to fertilizer demand amount, Proportionally each straight fertilizer is uniformly mixed, the root zone regulation and control special fertilizer group of each breeding time is formed, by four groups of seven fertilizer groups It puts together to form Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen rush phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer set group, the period according to lower mask body fertilising example and use Amount fertilising.
Control is all made of the water soluble fertilizer that the local N P and K generally taken is lumped together in following embodiment, when irrigation Between it is identical, total fertilizer application amount is identical, fertilization time using drop clear water after 60 minutes, all be added drip irrigation fertilizers modes.
Trickle irrigation embodiment 1
The Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen of the present invention promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its method of administration 2017 in Xinjiang Uygur Shihezi academy of agricultural sciences of autonomous region agriculture examination hall has carried out pilot production, and preceding stubble is cotton, and Arable Land Consolidation was carried out before the winter.It studies in the area Region belongs to typical temperate continental climate, 6.5-7.2 DEG C of average annual temperature, average annual rainfall 115mm and is unevenly distributed Even, evaporation capacity 1942mm steams drop 16.9 > 10 of ratio, and soil is to fill to plough desert grey soil, and the soil texture is loam, is Irrigation farming, fits The implementation for closing the method for the present invention, it should be noted that the output of cotton with the amount of application of cotton per acre and per acre below.
(1) emergence water special fertilizer:After the completion of sowing on April 21, Miao Shui, trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes were uniformly oozed on April 23 Afterwards, drip irrigation system is added in 2.5kg emergence water special fertilizers, until emergence water special fertilizer trickle irrigation is complete, wetting front is more than sowing cotton seed Row 13cm, cotton emergence on May 1.
(2) flower bud phase special fertilizer group:Then June 15, first trickle irrigation clear water 100 minutes are fixed easily a group fertilizer by jointing is special Drip irrigation system is added in I3.5kg;After 140 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I5.0kg of jointing, then drip 150 minutes to fertilizer drip After having filled until fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 50 minutes.
(3) florescence special fertilizer group:1. June 25:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes is fixed easily group by bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in fertile II4.5kg;After 90 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II5.2kg of bearing desire, until fertilizer all drips After having filled, continue trickle irrigation clear water 70 minutes;2. July 4:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes is fixed easily bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in group fertilizer II4.5kg;After 120 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4.5kg of bearing desire, until fertilizer is complete After portion's trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 70 minutes.3. July 15:First trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes, it is then that bearing desire is special easily Drip irrigation system is added in fixed group fertilizer II4.5kg;After 120 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4.5kg of bearing desire, until fertilizer After the whole trickle irrigations of material are complete, continue 65 minutes of trickle irrigation clear water
(4) bell phase special fertilizer group:1. July 23:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes is fixed easily group by late growth stage is special Drip irrigation system is added in fertile III1.5kg;After sixty minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III2.5kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer is whole After trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 90 minutes;2. August 2 days:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes, it is then that late growth stage is special easily solid Drip irrigation system is added in fixed group fertilizer III1.5kg;After 90 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III3.0kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer After whole trickle irrigations are complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes;3. August 15 days:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes, it is then that late growth stage is special It is fixed easily a group fertilizer III0.8kg and drip irrigation system is added;After sixty minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III1.5kg of late growth stage, until After fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes.
(5) it harvests:Carried out mechanical harvest, seed cotton yield 396.60kg, control yield 358.33kg October 8
Trickle irrigation embodiment 2
Trace element water-soluble fertilizer method of administration 2017 is in Xinjiang Uygur in a kind of cotton of vinegar liquid containing cotton of the present invention Autonomous region Shihezi 121 is produced, and preceding stubble is cotton, and Arable Land Consolidation was carried out before the winter.Area's survey region belongs to allusion quotation The aridity temperate continental climate of type, 6.3-7 DEG C of average annual temperature and are unevenly distributed average annual rainfall 100mm, are evaporated 2100mm is measured, soil is to fill to plough desert grey soil, and the soil texture is clay loam, is Irrigation farming, is suitble to the implementation of the method for the present invention.
(1) emergence water special fertilizer:After the completion of sowing on April 15, April 20, unified trickle irrigation emergence water, carried out unified trickle irrigation It emerges water, system is added after forty minutes, by 3kg Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation emergence water special fertilizer in trickle irrigation clear water, then dripping irrigation water 180 minutes is to fertilizer Gob has filled, and wetting front is more than sowing cotton seed row 15cm, cotton emergence on April 28.
(2) flower bud phase special fertilizer group:June 12, start the second water of trickle irrigation, first trickle irrigation clear water 90 minutes is then special by jointing Drip irrigation system is added with a group fertilizer I4.5kg is fixed easily;After 120 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I4.5kg of jointing, then dripping irrigation water 120 minutes complete after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete to fertilizer trickle irrigation, continues trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes.
(3) florescence special fertilizer group:1. June 23:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes is fixed easily group by bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in fertile II5.0kg;After 90 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II5.5kg of bearing desire, until fertilizer all drips After having filled, continue trickle irrigation clear water 70 minutes;2. July 1:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes is fixed easily bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in group fertilizer II5.0kg;After 120 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4.5kg of bearing desire, until fertilizer is complete After portion's trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 70 minutes.3. July 11:First trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes, it is then that bearing desire is special easily Drip irrigation system is added in fixed group fertilizer II4.5kg;After 110 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4.0kg of bearing desire, until fertilizer After the whole trickle irrigations of material are complete, continue 65 minutes of trickle irrigation clear water
(4) bell phase special fertilizer group:1. July 22:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes is fixed easily group by late growth stage is special Drip irrigation system is added in fertile III2kg;After sixty minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III3kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer whole trickle irrigation After complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 90 minutes;2. August 1 day:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes is fixed easily group by late growth stage is special Drip irrigation system is added in fertile III1.5kg;After 90 minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III2.5kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer is whole After trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes;3. August 13 days:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes, it is then that late growth stage is special easily solid Drip irrigation system is added in fixed group fertilizer III0.5kg;After sixty minutes, by the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III1.0kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer After whole trickle irrigations are complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes.
Harvest:Carried out mechanical harvest, seed cotton yield 405.80kg, control yield 357.60kg October 15.
Pass through the comparison of above-described embodiment, it can be deduced that it is special that a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen of the invention promotees the regulation and control of phosphorus root zone Fertilizer and its method of administration, can actually regulate and control root zone Nutrient distribution and root system configuration, make N P and K in distribution root zone, Neng Gouman Sufficient different growing Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation nutrient demand, reach microelement-supplementing balance crop nutrition content, promote fertilizer efficiency, promote growth, Resistant to lodging and raising output of cotton.
Technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to the limitation of above-mentioned specific embodiment, every to do according to the technique and scheme of the present invention The technology deformation gone out, each falls within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen, which promotees phosphorus root zone, regulates and controls special fertilizer, which is characterized in that special including emergence water special fertilizer, flower bud phase Fertilizer, florescence special fertilizer, bell phase special fertilizer, the emergence water special fertilizer are composed of the following components:Urea phosphate 40-45 parts by weight are gathered Ammonium phosphate 10-15 parts by weight, humic acid potassium 40-45 parts by weight, potassium nitrate 5-15 parts by weight, Nafusaku 0.2-1 parts by weight;Institute It states flower bud phase special fertilizer and is fixed easily group fertilizer I and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is formed by jointing is special, the jointing is special to be fixed easily Group fertilizer I is composed of the following components:Monoammonium phosphate 45-55 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 38-42 parts by weight, amino-acid zinc 5-8 parts by weight, Magnesium sulfate 5-10 parts by weight;The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I of jointing is composed of the following components:Urea 55-75 parts by weight, polyphosphoric acid Ammonium 5-10 parts by weight, urea phosphate 5-10 parts by weight, potassium chloride 20-35 parts by weight, ammonium molybdate 1-3 parts by weight;The florescence is special Fertilizer is fixed easily group fertilizer II and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is formed by bearing desire is special, and the bearing desire is special easily Fixed group fertilizer II is composed of the following components:Monoammonium phosphate 42-45 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 45-55 parts by weight, amino-acid zinc 3-5 weights Measure part, magnesium sulfate 5-10 parts by weight;The special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II of bearing desire is composed of the following components:Urea 55-60 weights Measure part, ammonium sulfate 10-15 parts by weight, potassium chloride 25-35 parts by weight, borax 4-6 parts by weight, manganese sulfate 1-3 parts by weight, ammonium molybdate 1-3 parts by weight;The bell phase special fertilizer is fixed easily group fertilizer III and the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer of late growth stage by late growth stage is special III is formed, and the late growth stage is special, and to be fixed easily group fertilizer III composed of the following components:Monoammonium phosphate 70-80 parts by weight, sulfuric acid Potassium 18-23 parts by weight, potassium phosphite 1-3 parts by weight, amino-acid zinc 1-4 parts by weight, magnesium sulfate 1-3 parts by weight;After the fertility Phase, special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III was composed of the following components:Urea 60-75 parts by weight, ammonium sulfate 10-15 parts by weight, potassium chloride 13- 22 parts by weight, borax 1-3 parts by weight, manganese sulfate 2-5 parts by weight, potassium phosphite 1-2 parts by weight.
2. a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen as described in claim 1, which promotees phosphorus root zone, regulates and controls special fertilizer method of administration, which is characterized in that Below with the amount of application of cotton per acre, specifically include:
(1) method of administration of emergence water special fertilizer:After the completion of sowing cotton seed, synoptic process is avoided, trickle irrigation clear water is after 30 minutes, Drip irrigation system is added in 2.0-3kg trickle irrigations emergence water special fertilizer, until emergence water special fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, is controlled simultaneously Trickle irrigation water, is more than sowing cotton seed row 10cm with wetting front, and trickle irrigation water is no less than 15m3, be not higher than 30m3
(2) method of administration of flower bud phase special fertilizer:After cotton emergence, postpone trickle irrigation clear water time first time, normal cotton field early June First time trickle irrigation clear water, prosperous seedling adhere to seeing colored first time trickle irrigation clear water, and it is clear that weak seedling or soil moisture content deficiency cotton field shift to an earlier date first time trickle irrigation Water;Then start second of trickle irrigation clear water, flower bud phase special fertilizer is administered simultaneously:First carry out second trickle irrigation clear water 90 minutes, then A drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer I2.5-5kg that is fixed easily of jointing, trickle irrigation is after 120 minutes, will special easy to migrate group of jointing per acre Drip irrigation system is added in fertile I4.5-6.5kg, until after the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer I whole trickle irrigations of jointing are complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 and divides It is more than clock;
(3) method of administration of florescence special fertilizer:Cotton first flower to full-bloom stage, 1. for the first time:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes, so Drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer II3.5-5.5kg that is fixed easily of bearing desire afterwards;After 90 minutes, easily move bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in shifting group fertilizer II3.5-6.5kg, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continues trickle irrigation clear water 60-90 minutes;2. the Three times:Then drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer II4-5kg that is fixed easily of bearing desire by first trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes;120 minutes Afterwards, drip irrigation system is added in the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4-5kg of bearing desire, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continues trickle irrigation Clear water 60 minutes or more;3. third time:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 40 minutes is fixed easily a group fertilizer II4.5- by bearing desire is special Drip irrigation system is added in 6kg;After 120 minutes, drip irrigation system is added in the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer II4-5.5kg of bearing desire, until After fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes or more;
(4) method of administration of bell phase special fertilizer:Cotton Shengjing Town to the phase in the term of opening bolls, 1. for the first time:First trickle irrigation clear water 60 divides Then drip irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer III1.5-2.0kg that is fixed easily of late growth stage by clock;After sixty minutes, late growth stage is special Drip irrigation system is added with easy to migrate group of fertilizer III2.5-3.0kg, until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete, continues trickle irrigation clear water 90 minutes; 2. second:Then trickle irrigation system is added in the special group fertilizer III1.5-3.5kg that is fixed easily of late growth stage by first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes System;After 90 minutes, drip irrigation system is added in the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III3.5-4.0kg of late growth stage, until fertilizer whole trickle irrigation After complete, continue trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes;3. third time:Then first trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes is fixed easily group by late growth stage is special Drip irrigation system is added in fertile III0.5-1.0kg;After sixty minutes, the special easy to migrate group of fertilizer III2.0-2.5kg of late growth stage is added Drip irrigation system continues trickle irrigation clear water 60 minutes or more until after fertilizer whole trickle irrigation is complete.
CN201810323119.0A 2018-04-11 2018-04-11 A kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation control nitrogen promotees phosphorus root zone regulation and control special fertilizer and its method of administration Pending CN108383582A (en)

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