CN108370992A - A kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to plant protection Chinese medicine cultivation fields; it is proposed that a kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district combines cultural control, biological control and chemical prevention; it realizes the panax japonicus cultivation of Enshi district, while ensureing panax japonicus medical material quanlity.The method of the present invention includes：Disease-resistant variety, field selection and processing, seed selection, seed treatment, Root growth, field management, efficent rotation is selected to apply fertilizers scientifically, biological control and chemical prevention.The reduction of the present invention is lost caused by being generated due to disease, improves farmer's income.

Description

A kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district

Technical field

The present invention relates to Chinese medicine cultivation and plant protection arts, and in particular to a kind of panax japonicus of suitable Enshi district Cultural method.

Background technology

Panax japonicus is the dry rhizome of Araliaceae panax japonicus Panax japonicus C.A.Mey., it is China One kind of Chinese medicine, can clearing away summerheat, secretion replenishing and throat moistening.

Panax japonicus is perennial herb, high 50-80cm or higher.Rhizome accumbency, it is whiplike in bamboo, it is fleshy hypertrophy, in vain Color, tool recess stem trace between tubercle, leaf is palmately compound leaf, and 3-5 pieces of wheel is born in stem top；The long 8-11cm of petiole；Leaflet usual 5, blade Film quality, obovate elliptic is to long round shape ellipse, and long 5-18cm, wide 2-6.5cm, apex is tapering, and dilute long point, base portion wedge shape is extremely Subcircular, edge have serration or weight sawtooth, above vein is hairless or sparsely grow bristle, below the close hair of hairless or sparsely grow.Umbrella shape is spent Sequence list is born in stem top, there is colored 50-80 or more, total long 12-20cm of bennet, hairless or have thin pubescence, spends small, light green, Pedicel is about 10mm, and calyx green, 5 tooth of apex, tooth triangular shape is oval, petal 5, long avette, and imbricate arrangement, filigree is relatively spent Valve is short, and ovary is the next, the rooms 2-5, style 2-5, and middle part is with infracommissure, top separation, excurvation when fruit.Drupe shape berry, it is spherical, at Red when ripe, diameter 5-7mm, seed 2-5 are white, and triangular shape long avette is about 4.5mm.The month at florescence 5-6, the fruiting period 7-9 months.

Invention content

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Root Rot of Largehead Atractylodes to prevent cultural method.

A kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district of the present invention, feature include the following steps：A. select field whole Ground：Panax japonicus in fertile loose soil suitable for growing, the loam that mountainous region bubble is native or humus layer is thicker, the gradient 15~20 degree, virgin soil will plough 2 times, remove weeds, stone etc., harrow thin leveling；B. cloudy canopy is set up in bedding：Furrow are wide by 120~140 Centimetre, 25 centimetres of ditch depth, 30 centimetres of furrow width, cloudy canopy is 140~160 centimetres high, and shade rate nursery control is transplanted 60%~70% Afterwards 40%~50%；C. fertilizer prepares：Panax japonicus is big to fertilizer nutrient amount, more resistance to fertilizer, the common fire soil of base fertilizer, cake fertilizer matting Fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or composite fertilizer mix.Must be fully decomposed whole thin using pig, cow dung, dose (667 square metres of dosages, under 3000 kilograms of farmyard manure together), phosphate fertilizer double centner, cake fertilizer double centner；D. culturing and transplanting seedlings：Harvesting current year seed is handled through gibberellin Afterwards, in September, last ten-days period sowing, broadcasts sowing or program request is uniform.It is excellent with program request.Program request distance between rows and hills is 3 centimetres or 15 centimetres of 15 cm x × 15 centimetres of two kinds of specifications are sowed in the furrow face after leveling, the fine earth of uniform 3~5 cm thick of lid last layer.After nursery 2 years It can transplant, (September early and middle ten days) separate 2 years raw seedlings by size in the fall, take the least important seat at a square table to go in furrow face and transplant, transplant First Year plant 14 centimetres away from 14 cm x, after 1 year, spacing in the rows is changed to line-spacing, therefrom removes 1 plant into 28 centimetres of 14 cm x.Third year is again Secondary transplanting is colonized as 28 centimetres of 28 cm x；E. field management：Annual weeding 4~5 times keeps the cleaning of ginseng garden, in conjunction with weeding pine Soil 2~3 times loosens the soil and is generally carried out in fine day, imposes fertilizer 1~2 time, top dressing is mostly used diluted night soil and phosphate fertilizer, composite fertilizer Deng, impose night soil generally florescence carry out, 2000~3000 kilograms of dose.Flower peak period, which combines, loosens the soil, using peroxophosphoric acid 40 kilograms of calcium, to promote fruit maturation and root growth；F. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Epidemic disease is seedling stage Major Diseases, and incidence exists 15%~20%, blade is in water soaking mode dirty-green when morbidity, is scalded generally like boiling water, and it is all sagging to slap leaf quickly, whole strain death. Ambam and the spraying plant cauline leaf prevention of Rogor aqueous solution can be used, 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times, root rot morbidity is not easy by people early period Note that when finding that overground part is withered, rhizome is rotten, can in time be pulled out in 1: 1: 300 Bordeaux mixture pouring root of period of disease Diseased plant sprinkles quick lime on sick cave；Insect pest has cutworm, grub etc., growth period to admix Rogor in combination with application night soil and prevent It controls, later stage combination imposes chemical fertilizer and admixes soil persistent pesticide in furrow face；G. it harvests and stores：It is fresh or dried after harvesting, it sets It is stored at aeration-drying, Anti-moth-eating.

A kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district of the present invention, a few days ago, panax japonicus artificial cultivation technique is formal It comes into effect." panax japonicus artificial cultivation technique " is to help regional advantages specialty industries according to national development of the West Regions, in conjunction with grace Apply the industry project for the exploitation national medicine characteristic resources that state is practical and implements.Scientific and technical personnel by according to panax japonicus physiological ecological Characteristic takes simulation natural ecological environment measure, screens elite seed, using growth hormone seed soaking, moistening river sand layer and storage The key technologies such as the method being combined and seed breaking dormancy, make percentage of seedgermination be increased to 66% or more by 30% or so, To improve seeding ratio and deposit seedling rate, after-ripening developmental condition is created, the growth course of panax japonicus is accelerated.

A kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district of the present invention, is Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province determining road in 2001 Ground medicinal material kind.Its alias Herba Rhodiolae Henryi, panax japonicus, Rhizoma Panacis japonici etc. are the dry rhizome of Araliaceae panax japonicus, are more Year life is ancient, loses, rare herbaceous plant.The kind is the peculiar new midicinal resources in Southwestern China area, be grown on 1600 meters of height above sea level with On Shrubs in Alpine clump neutralize by rock ditch ravine, concentration is compared in only Enshi distribution.It has China south medicine Radix Notoginseng and northern medicine people The comprehensive function of ginseng, eliminating the phlegm are better than Radix Notoginseng, and nourishing is better than ginseng, and practical harmless, can be rated as Chinese medicine draft rising star.It, which has, promotes Immune function improves memory, enhances exercise tolerance and anti-aging and other effects.According to experts, panax japonicus such as carries out scale Production, can generate good economic benefit.Through measuring and calculating, such as produce per year 1,000,000 plants of seedling, can 4.7 tons of raw materials for production medicine, deep development 0.2 ton of fine saponin is extracted, earns foreign exchange in year and can reach 250,000 dollars or so.

Specific implementation mode

Embodiment 1：A kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district of the present invention, includes the following steps：A. field is selected Site preparation：Panax japonicus in fertile loose soil suitable for growing, the loam that mountainous region bubble is native or humus layer is thicker, slope 15~20 degree of degree, virgin soil will plough 2 times, remove weeds, stone etc., harrow thin leveling；B. cloudy canopy is set up in bedding：Furrow are wide by 120~ 140 centimetres, 25 centimetres of ditch depth, 30 centimetres of furrow width, cloudy canopy is 140~160 centimetres high, shade rate nursery control 60%~70%, 40%~50% after transplanting；C. fertilizer prepares：Panax japonicus is big to fertilizer nutrient amount, more resistance to fertilizer, the common fire soil of base fertilizer, cake fertilizer Barnyard manure, phosphate fertilizer or composite fertilizer mix.Must be fully decomposed whole thin using pig, cow dung, dose (667 square metres of dosages, under 3000 kilograms of farmyard manure together), phosphate fertilizer double centner, cake fertilizer double centner；D. culturing and transplanting seedlings：Harvesting current year seed is handled through gibberellin Afterwards, in September, last ten-days period sowing, broadcasts sowing or program request is uniform.It is excellent with program request.Program request distance between rows and hills is 3 centimetres or 15 centimetres of 15 cm x × 15 centimetres of two kinds of specifications are sowed in the furrow face after leveling, the fine earth of uniform 3~5 cm thick of lid last layer.After nursery 2 years It can transplant, (September early and middle ten days) separate 2 years raw seedlings by size in the fall, take the least important seat at a square table to go in furrow face and transplant, transplant First Year plant 14 centimetres away from 14 cm x, after 1 year, spacing in the rows is changed to line-spacing, therefrom removes 1 plant into 28 centimetres of 14 cm x.Third year is again Secondary transplanting is colonized as 28 centimetres of 28 cm x；E. field management：Annual weeding 4~5 times keeps the cleaning of ginseng garden, in conjunction with weeding pine Soil 2~3 times loosens the soil and is generally carried out in fine day, imposes fertilizer 1~2 time, top dressing is mostly used diluted night soil and phosphate fertilizer, composite fertilizer Deng, impose night soil generally florescence carry out, 2000~3000 kilograms of dose.Flower peak period, which combines, loosens the soil, using peroxophosphoric acid 40 kilograms of calcium, to promote fruit maturation and root growth；F. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Epidemic disease is seedling stage Major Diseases, and incidence exists 15%~20%, blade is in water soaking mode dirty-green when morbidity, is scalded generally like boiling water, and it is all sagging to slap leaf quickly, whole strain death. Ambam and the spraying plant cauline leaf prevention of Rogor aqueous solution can be used, 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times, root rot morbidity is not easy by people early period Note that when finding that overground part is withered, rhizome is rotten, can in time be pulled out in 1: 1: 300 Bordeaux mixture pouring root of period of disease Diseased plant sprinkles quick lime on sick cave；Insect pest has cutworm, grub etc., growth period to admix Rogor in combination with application night soil and prevent It controls, later stage combination imposes chemical fertilizer and admixes soil persistent pesticide in furrow face；G. it harvests and stores：It is fresh or dried after harvesting, it sets It is stored at aeration-drying, Anti-moth-eating.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of panax japonicus cultural method of suitable Enshi district, it is characterised in that include the following steps：A. field site preparation is selected：Bamboo Section ginseng in fertile loose soil suitable for growing, the loam that mountainous region bubble is native or humus layer is thicker, and the gradient 15~ 20 degree, virgin soil will plough 2 times, remove weeds, stone etc., harrow thin leveling；B. cloudy canopy is set up in bedding：Furrow are 120~140 lis wide Rice, 25 centimetres of ditch depth, 30 centimetres of furrow width, cloudy canopy is 140~160 centimetres high, and shade rate nursery controls after 60%~70%, transplanting 40%~50%；C. fertilizer prepares：Panax japonicus is big to fertilizer nutrient amount, more resistance to fertilizer, the common fiery soil of base fertilizer, cake fertilizer barnyard manure, Phosphate fertilizer or composite fertilizer mix.Must be fully decomposed whole thin using pig, cow dung, dose (667 square metres of dosages, similarly hereinafter) soil 3000 kilograms of miscellaneous fertilizers, phosphate fertilizer double centner, cake fertilizer double centner；D. culturing and transplanting seedlings：Current year seed is harvested after gibberellin is handled, 9 The middle of the month, last ten-days period sowing, broadcast sowing or program request are uniform.It is excellent with program request.Program request distance between rows and hills is 3 centimetres of 15 cm x or 15 cm x 15 Centimetre two kinds of specifications are sowed in the furrow face after leveling, the fine earth of uniform 3~5 cm thick of lid last layer.After nursery 2 years It transplants, (September early and middle ten days) separate 2 years raw seedlings by size in the fall, take the least important seat at a square table to go in furrow face and transplant, transplanting First Year seeding row spacing 14 Spacing in the rows is changed to line-spacing by 14 centimetres of cm x after 1 year, therefrom removes 1 plant into 28 centimetres of 14 cm x.Third year moves again It plants, is colonized as 28 centimetres of 28 cm x；E. field management：Annual weeding 4~5 times keeps the cleaning of ginseng garden, and 2 are loosened the soil in conjunction with weeding It~3 times, loosens the soil and is generally carried out in fine day, impose fertilizer 1~2 time, top dressing is mostly used diluted night soil and phosphate fertilizer, composite fertilizer etc., It imposes night soil generally to carry out in florescence, 2000~3000 kilograms of dose.Flower peak period, which combines, loosens the soil, using calcium superphosphate 40 Kilogram, to promote fruit maturation and root growth；F. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Epidemic disease is seedling stage Major Diseases, incidence 15%~ 20%, blade is in water soaking mode dirty-green when morbidity, is scalded generally like boiling water, and it is all sagging to slap leaf quickly, whole strain death.Generation can be used Gloomy ammonium and the spraying plant cauline leaf prevention of Rogor aqueous solution, 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times, root rot morbidity is not easy by people note that working as early period It was found that when overground part is withered, rhizome is rotten, can pull out diseased plant in time in 1: 1: 300 Bordeaux mixture pouring root of period of disease, Quick lime is sprinkled on sick cave；Insect pest has cutworm, grub etc., growth period to admix Rogor prevention, later stage in combination with night soil is applied Soil persistent pesticide is admixed in furrow face in conjunction with chemical fertilizer is imposed；G. it harvests and stores：It is fresh or dried after harvesting, set aeration-drying Place's storage, Anti-moth-eating.