CN108367544A - 制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法 - Google Patents

制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法 Download PDF

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CN108367544A
CN108367544A CN201780002612.6A CN201780002612A CN108367544A CN 108367544 A CN108367544 A CN 108367544A CN 201780002612 A CN201780002612 A CN 201780002612A CN 108367544 A CN108367544 A CN 108367544A
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plastic film
glass plate
light emitting
emitting diode
heated
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S.吉莱森
P.鲍尔勒
J.J.布里斯
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
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    • B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
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Abstract

本发明涉及制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板(10)的方法。该方法包括至少在发光二极管(18)的区域中借助毗邻第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板的外表面或与第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板的外表面隔开布置的热源将塑料薄膜(16)加热成可流动状态；并将发光二极管(18)在排挤塑料薄膜(16)的预定体积(V)的情况下装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜(16)中。在将所述发光二极管装入塑料薄膜中后，将第一玻璃板(12)和第二玻璃板(14)通过插入其间的塑料薄膜(16)层压。

Description

制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法
本发明涉及制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法。
传统上，在复合玻璃质玻璃板的各玻璃板之间布置电子元件，以根据使用目的执行不同任务。CH 698260 B1例如公开了具有借助导电氧化物或金属而半透明涂覆的柔性聚合物薄膜例如PET以及具有经由导电粘合点接合的电子部件的嵌入元件，其中该导电涂层与部件之间的导电粘合点受不导电的增强粘合点的保护而免受压力、拉力或剪切力。
此外，EP 2100722 A2公开了层压在挡风玻璃中，即布置在挡风玻璃的借助热塑性中间层相互接合的外玻璃板和内玻璃板之间的光传感器。由此可以紧凑地提供具有集成的光传感器的挡风玻璃，不需要后续安装光传感器。该光传感器被设计为电路板上的倒装芯片光电二极管的形式。但是，上述解决方案的缺点在于，各电子元件与热塑性中间层相邻地布置，以致它们毗邻中间层并且该中间层因此补偿各电子元件的厚度。因此要求使用尽可能薄设计的电子元件，以确保中间层可以抵消电子元件的厚度。因此，在使用较厚的电子元件时，当中间层不能够抵消电子元件的厚度并因此导致玻璃板中的应力时，可能不利地产生玻璃碎裂。
由WO 2007/057454 A1已知在通过辊对压延复合玻璃板的过程中将发光二极管嵌入软质热塑性中间层中。该操作方式的缺点是在通过机械力，特别是剪切力压延的过程中可能损坏发光二极管，特别是发光二极管的灵敏的电接头。
此外，必须将压延时的温度与发光二极管的嵌入相匹配，该温度任选地与压延操作的最佳温度有偏差。
因此，本发明的目的是提供制造复合玻璃板的改进的方法，该复合玻璃板使得能够使用更厚的电子元件，而不在复合玻璃板中产生应力。此外，该复合玻璃板应可以以尽可能少的次品而成本有利地制造。
根据本发明，本发明的目的通过根据独立权利要求的制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法实现。
本发明展示了制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法。该方法包括提供第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板；将塑料薄膜布置在第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间；并将发光二极管布置在塑料薄膜的表面上。
该方法此外包括至少在发光二极管的区域中将塑料薄膜加热成可流动状态；并将发光二极管在排挤塑料薄膜的预定体积的情况下装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜中。这借助毗邻第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板的外表面或与第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板的外表面隔开布置的热源实现。通过热源，仅在塑料薄膜的区段或一部分中局部加热该塑料薄膜。因此，不像在复合玻璃板的层压，特别是压延时那样加热整个塑料薄膜。
在将发光二极管装入塑料薄膜之后，将第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板通过插入其间的塑料薄膜层压。术语“层压”在本发明中表示两个玻璃板通过插入其间的塑料薄膜接合，其中并非局部，而是将该塑料薄膜全部加热。因此，发光二极管的装入发生在将第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板借助热塑性中间层接合成复合体（“层压”）之前。
根据本发明，在发光二极管的区域中局部地将塑料薄膜加热成可流动状态。接着，发光二极管可以在排挤预定体积的情况下渗入塑料薄膜中，并在该塑料薄膜中实现空隙。与将发光二极管压入冷状态下的塑料薄膜中相反，由于在塑料薄膜的经加热的状态下排挤塑料薄膜的预定体积，有利地使得发光二极管和塑料薄膜的总厚度能够不超过可靠的厚度并因此能够避免在玻璃板中产生应力。塑料薄膜的被排挤的体积因此可以有利地朝其它方向流走，并且具有装入的发光二极管的塑料薄膜的厚度基本上对应于没有装入发光二极管的塑料薄膜的厚度。因此，此外可以实现能够使用较厚的发光二极管，其与非常薄的发光二极管相反在制造时的成本明显更有利。因为在层压复合玻璃板之前将发光二极管装入塑料薄膜中，发光二极管在机械上受良好保护。可以可靠且安全地避免损坏发光二极管，特别是灵敏电接头。此外，可以以高精确度安置发光二极管。可以避免由现有技术已知的在层压过程中嵌入发光二极管的缺点。由于仅在塑料薄膜中局部引入热，有利地避免在复合玻璃板脱气之前就发生粘合和与之相伴的复合玻璃板的塑料薄膜与玻璃板的空气夹入。特别地，在复合玻璃板排气之前，至少在发光二极管的区域中将塑料薄膜加热成可流动状态。
根据一个实施方案设定，热源在释放辐射热和/或对流热的情况下至少在发光二极管区域中将塑料薄膜加热成可流动状态。因此可以使用多种不同热源，以将热引入塑料薄膜中。
根据另一个实施方案设定，热源由加热薄膜形成，该加热薄膜粘在第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板的外表面上。加热薄膜的设置有利地是成本有利的解决方案，并实现在可定义面积的区域中均匀引入热。
根据另一个实施方案设定，加热薄膜仅粘在第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板的外表面的一部分或区段上。
根据另一个实施方案设定，将塑料薄膜加热到50至150℃，优选80至150℃的温度，其中塑料薄膜在冷却至低于50℃的温度之后维持其形状。对于大多数塑料薄膜而言，前述温度范围有利地对应于玻璃化转变温度，在该温度下塑料转变成橡胶状至粘稠状态并因此可流动。
根据另一个实施方案设定，在使用基本上垂直于塑料薄膜的力的情况下将发光二极管装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜中。因此，发光二极管可以以精确位置装入塑料薄膜中。
根据另一个实施方案设定，在将发光二极管装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜中时，基本上在塑料薄膜的纵向上排挤塑料薄膜的预定体积。因此，塑料薄膜的厚度甚至在装入相对厚的发光二极管时也有利地不增大。
根据另一个实施方案设定，在将发光二极管装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜中时，在塑料薄膜的厚度方向上的塑料薄膜体积的最多100 %，优选最多95%，特别优选最多90%被发光二极管排挤。因此，该发光二极管有利地装入塑料薄膜中，其中仅保留塑料薄膜的基本上0 %、5 %或10 %的最小厚度。
根据另一个实施方案设定，塑料薄膜含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚氨酯或由这些材料中的一种或多种构成。因此，可以根据要求对于相应的使用目的选择塑料薄膜的合适材料。
根据另一个实施方案设定，将发光二极管布置在特别是包含薄膜的电路板上。因此，可以确保发光二极管的供电，并根据复合玻璃板领域中的建造要求实现所希望的安置。
根据另一个实施方案设定，发光二极管的厚度为最多1 mm，优选最多0.7 mm。这种厚度的发光二极管的制造成本可以比较薄发光二极管明显更有利，并因此有助于降低配备有这一种或多种发光二极管的复合玻璃板的成本。
根据另一个实施方案设定，发光二极管的光发射侧指向第一玻璃板或第二玻璃板。因此，该发光二极管可以例如指向乘客室或机动车外侧。由此，根据发光二极管的指向，得到另一使用目的。
所述实施方式和扩展方式可以任意地相互组合。本发明的其它可能的实施方式、扩展方式和执行还包括未明确提及的如上或如下关于实施例所述的本发明特征的组合。
附图简述
图1展示了在根据本发明的一个优选实施方案将发光二极管装入塑料薄膜中之前的用于机动车的复合玻璃板的侧视图；
图2展示了在根据本发明的一个优选实施方案将发光二极管装入塑料薄膜中之后的用于机动车的复合玻璃板的侧视图；且
图3展示了根据本发明的一个优选实施方案的制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法的流程图。
在附图的图中，相同的附图标记表示相同或功能相同的元件、部件或组件，除非给出相反内容。
用于机动车的复合玻璃板10具有第一玻璃板12和第二玻璃板14。在第一玻璃板12和第二玻璃板14之前布置塑料薄膜16。此外，将发光二极管18布置在塑料薄膜16的表面16a上。
此外提供热源20，其至少在发光二极管18的区域中毗邻第二玻璃板14的外表面或布置在其上。替代地，热源20可以与第二玻璃板的外表面14a隔开地布置。替代地，热源20可以例如布置在第一玻璃板12的外表面12a上或与第一玻璃板12的外表面12a隔开地布置。
热源20在本实施方案中通过加热薄膜形成。该加热薄膜粘在第二玻璃板14的外表面14a上。替代地，可以提供另外的合适的热源，其例如被设计用于释放辐射热和/或对流热。
所述加热薄膜至少在发光二极管18的区域中将塑料薄膜16局部加热成可流动状态。在塑料薄膜16的这种可流动状态下，发光二极管18可以在排挤塑料薄膜16的预定体积V的情况下装入或印刷到经加热的塑料薄膜16中（塑料薄膜16中）。优选在使用基本上垂直于塑料薄膜16的力F的情况下将发光二极管18装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜16中。替代地，该力也可以具有另一方向。将该塑料薄膜加热到50至150℃，优选80至150℃的温度。优选地，该塑料薄膜在冷却至低于50℃的温度之后维持其形状。
在将发光二极管18装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜16中时，基本上在塑料薄膜16的纵向上排挤塑料薄膜16的预定体积V。因此，有利地维持塑料薄膜16的厚度。在将发光二极管18装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜16中时，在塑料薄膜16的厚度方向上的塑料薄膜16的体积V的最多90 %被发光二极管18排挤。
塑料薄膜16优选由聚乙烯缩丁醛形成。替代地，塑料薄膜16可以例如由乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚氨酯形成。发光二极管18布置在特别包含另一薄膜的电路板上。替代地，发光二极管18可以例如通过细电线与能量源连接。所用发光二极管的数量可以自由选择。
在将复合玻璃板10通气之前，塑料薄膜16至少在发光二极管18的区域中加热成可流动状态。发光二极管18的厚度为最多1 mm，优选最多0.7 mm。发光二极管18的光发射侧优选指向第二玻璃板14。替代地，发光二极管18的光发射侧可以例如指向第一玻璃板12。
图2展示了在根据本发明的一个优选实施方案将发光二极管装入塑料薄膜中之后的用于机动车的复合玻璃板的侧视图。
在此处示出的状态下，塑料薄膜已被加热薄膜加热成可流动状态，并且发光二极管18在排挤塑料薄膜16的预定体积V的情况下装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜16中。
所述复合玻璃板的第一玻璃板12和第二玻璃板14之间的距离如图2中所示因此仅以最小程度大于发光二极管18的厚度。造成这一点的原因是，所述加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜16在装入发光二极管18时在发光二极管18的区域中被排挤。
特别地，在塑料薄膜16的厚度方向上的塑料薄膜16的体积V的最多90 %被发光二极管18排挤。因此，在塑料薄膜16的厚度方向上邻近发光二极管18处（在塑料薄膜16的厚度方向上）保留塑料薄膜16的体积V的仅10 %。
图3展示了根据本发明的一个优选实施方案的制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板的方法的流程图。
该方法包括根据步骤S1提供第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板，根据步骤S2将塑料薄膜布置在第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间；和根据步骤S3将发光二极管布置在塑料薄膜的表面上。
该方法此外包括根据步骤S4至少在发光二极管的区域中将塑料薄膜加热成可流动状态；和根据S5将发光二极管在排挤塑料薄膜的预定体积的情况下装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜中；以及随后将第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板通过插入其间的塑料薄膜层压。
本发明的复合玻璃板10不仅可用于机动车领域中，而且同样可在建筑物玻璃的范围内在建筑物领域中使用。
附图标记列表
10 复合玻璃板
12 第一玻璃板
12a 第一玻璃板的外表面
14 第二玻璃板
14a 第二玻璃板的外表面
16 塑料薄膜
16a 塑料薄膜的表面
18 发光二极管
20 热源
22 空隙
24 电路板
F 力
V 体积。

Claims (8)

1.制造用于机动车的复合玻璃板(10)的方法，其具有步骤：
提供第一玻璃板(12)和第二玻璃板(14)；
将塑料薄膜(16)布置在第一玻璃板(12)和第二玻璃板(14)之间；
将发光二极管(18)布置在塑料薄膜(16)的表面(16a)上；
至少在发光二极管(18)的区域中，借助毗邻第一玻璃板(12)或第二玻璃板(14)的外表面(12a; 14a)或与第一玻璃板(12)或第二玻璃板(14)的外表面(12a; 14a)隔开布置的热源(20)将塑料薄膜(16)局部加热成可流动状态；
将发光二极管(18)在排挤塑料薄膜(16)的预定体积(V)的情况下装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜(16)中；
在将所述发光二极管装入塑料薄膜中后，将第一玻璃板(12)和第二玻璃板(14)通过插入其间的塑料薄膜(16)层压。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，热源(20)至少在发光二极管(18)的区域中在释放辐射热和/或对流热的情况下加热塑料薄膜(16)。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，热源(20)由加热薄膜形成，该加热薄膜粘在第一玻璃板(12)或第二玻璃板(14)的外表面(12a; 14a)上。
4.根据权利要求3的方法，其特征在于，所述加热薄膜仅粘在第一玻璃板(12)或第二玻璃板(14)的外表面(12a; 14a)的一部分上。
5.根据前述权利要求1至4任一项的方法，其特征在于，将所述塑料薄膜加热到50至150℃，优选80至150℃的温度，其中塑料薄膜(16)在冷却至低于50℃的温度之后维持其形状。
6.根据前述权利要求1至5任一项的方法，其特征在于，在使用基本上垂直于塑料薄膜(16)的力(F)的情况下将发光二极管(18)装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜(16)中。
7.根据前述权利要求1至6任一项的方法，其特征在于，在将发光二极管(18)装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜(16)中时，基本上在塑料薄膜(16)的纵向上排挤塑料薄膜(16)的预定体积(V)。
8.根据前述权利要求1至6任一项的方法，其特征在于，在将发光二极管(18)装入加热成可流动状态的塑料薄膜(16)中时，在塑料薄膜(16)的厚度方向上的塑料薄膜(16)的体积(V)的最多95%被发光二极管(18)排挤。
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