CN108353777A - A kind of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable matrix efficiency cultivation technology for high - Google Patents
A kind of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable matrix efficiency cultivation technology for high Download PDFInfo
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- CN108353777A CN108353777A CN201810353822.6A CN201810353822A CN108353777A CN 108353777 A CN108353777 A CN 108353777A CN 201810353822 A CN201810353822 A CN 201810353822A CN 108353777 A CN108353777 A CN 108353777A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable matrix efficiency cultivation technology for high, the present invention makes full use of agricultural wastes, feces of livestock and poultry and Organic Selenium to prepare the cultivation matrix that can meet the nutrient needed for the growth of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable, instead of selenium-rich soil, chemical fertilizer and its nutrient solution of preparation；Standardized planting management system and operating instruction are applied using the water of prior art " organic fruits and vegetables substrate culture technology ", fertilizer, forms a kind of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable matrix efficiency cultivation technology for high.The present invention includes that substrate preparation is prepared by the nutrient needed for crop；Water needed for crop most Cui growth conditions, fertile standard makes and management by being conducive to keep for crop substrate culture system (cultivation bed, water system)；And it is operated by the operating instruction of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable substrate culture technology.The technology has many advantages, such as simple type (time saving, saving of labor, laborsaving, easy to operate, transreplication are promoted), high efficiency (highly resistance is inverse, high yield, high-quality, efficient).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bioorganic agriculture technical fields, and in particular to a kind of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable matrix is efficient
Cultivation technique.
Background technology
Human agriculture has thousands of years development histories, is mainly characterized by the fertilization mode of " broad irrigation ".Due to Traditional Agricultural
Industry soil cultivation could be absorbed after chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer will lean on moisture to dissolve by crop root, and crop root is tiny, absorptivity
Low, therefore the fertilization mode of " broad irrigation " takes on three kinds of aqueous solutions in actually grasping.One is be lost in aqueous solution：Make
Object root system can not be absorbed into and the aqueous solution that is largely lost；Two kinds are gravity aqueous solutions：What terrestrial gravitation effect generated directly oozes
Enter the aqueous solution of depth of soils；Three kinds are free aqueous solutions：The aqueous solution being free in soil particle gap.Therefore, root system is true
The nutrient being just absorbed into is the oxygen accommodated in few soil particle gap and free aqueous solution（Aqueous solution containing nutrient）, and it is big
The aqueous solution containing salinity being lost in is measured, polluted environment, the solution of bulk water containing salinity then causes soil hardening, makes soil particle gap
It is fewer and fewer, accelerate soil leanness.Since crop root absorptivity is low small with soil hardening, gap, satisfaction can not be accommodated
Plant growth cannot keep the most preferably long-living state of crop to the nutritional need of water, fertilizer, gas, lead to that crop yield is low, resistance
Difference causes chemical fertilizer, Pesticide use to increase year by year and vicious circle that Crop yield and quality constantly reduces, and due to changing
Ecosystem substance cycle and the ecological balance rule of development have been violated in a large amount of uses of fertilizer, pesticide（Plant utilizes photosynthesis and root
It is organic matter-plant production that portion, which absorbs Nutrient Transformation,；Animal use organic matter gives birth to breeding-animal productiong；Humans and animals are not
The manufacture for the organic detritus that can directly utilize-organic fertilizer production, this three circulation law each other）, lead to agricultural non-point source pollution
And ecological environment destruction, difficult and complicated cases patient rise year by year, food poisoning phenomenon frequency appear in the newspapers, seriously threaten human survival with
Health.
Selenium is divided into two kinds in the existing way of nature：Inorganic selenium and Organic Selenium.Inorganic selenium refers generally to sodium selenite and selenium
Sour sodium, inorganic selenium absorbs and utilization is less desirable, and biological effectiveness is low, is more toxic, model between dosis toxica and requirement
It encloses small, thus is strictly limited its usage amount.Organic Selenium is that selenium is combined by bioconversion and amino acid, generally with selenium egg
The form of propylhomoserin exists, and follows Methionine metabolism approach to be metabolized, participates in the synthesis of albumen, is easy to store within the organization, absorb, quilt
It can be rapidly immediately used by the body after absorption of human body, be effectively improved blood selenium situation in human body, effective anti-curing cancers, hepatopathy, heart and brain blood
Pipe etc. doubts miscellaneous disease.Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body, and there is seventy percent regional selenium deficiency in China, for the situation of human body selenium deficiency, such as
Modern various countries' expert advice continues to greatly develop developing for selenium-rich product.Compared with inorganic selenium hardening agent, organism organic selenium peace
Quan Xinggao, is not susceptible to be poisoned, and be easily absorbed by the body utilization, and selenium-supply is efficient, especially welcome.
Therefore, how on the basis of conventional organic fruits and vegetables substrate culture technology, it is useless with agricultural to research and develop appropriate Organic Selenium
Gurry is configured to that the cultivation matrix of nutrient needed for selenium-rich organic fruits and vegetables of all categories is suitble to replace selenium-rich soil and chemical fertilizer, cultivates
Conducive to high-quality agriculture product production-selenium-rich organic fruits and vegetables of people's health care（High-quality activity Organic Selenium and organic products combination）, become this
Invention key technical problem.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable matrix Efficient Cultivations
Technology makes full use of agricultural wastes, feces of livestock and poultry and Organic Selenium to match on the basis of conventional organic fruits and vegetables substrate culture technology
System can meet the cultivation matrix of the nutrient needed for the growth of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable, instead of selenium-rich soil, chemical fertilizer and its preparation
Nutrient solution, reach raising product quality, product be converted to functional health commodity, to improve added value of product, into one
Step improves the purpose of organic agriculture benefit.The product produced with the technology is both that (product is logical for organic products and selenium-rich product
The detection of Organic certification mechanism is crossed, all technical reaches national organic products-GB/T1963.1-2011 standards；Pass through
Shanghai academy of agricultural sciences is detected, and selenium-enriched fruit and vegetable-GB/T5009.93 standards are reached).
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：
The present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable cultivation matrix, including：
Using solar energy and biomass anaerobic fermentation technology, agricultural wastes, feces of livestock and poultry, Organic Selenium are wanted according to following index
Formula, crushing, mixing are asked, sufficient moisture is sprayed and carries out composting, heap high 1m, wide 2m cover film, and every turning in 10 days 1 time, ferment 40-
50 days；Decomposed good selenium-enriching cultivation matrix, it is loose without peculiar smell, pinched with hand it is agglomerating, hand pine can scatter for degree；
The index request of selenium-enriching cultivation matrix is：Its unit weight is 0.3-0.65 grams/cm3, pH value 6-7, mu dosage 35m3, efficiently
Organic matter accounts for 40-70%, maximum water-holding capacity 240-320%, total porosity 85%, C/N ＜ 30,6-10 kilograms of total nutrient content/m3,
Thick matrix grain size 1-2cm；Using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and four element of selenium as leading indicator, the fertilizer amount contained by every cubic metre of matrix includes：
Full nitrogen is 2.2-3.2kg, and full phosphorus is 0.9-1.9kg, and full potassium is 1.8-2.8kg, Organic Selenium 8-25g.
Further, the agricultural wastes include：Straw, useless mushroom slag and sawdust.
Further, the full phosphorus includes：P2O5；The full potassium includes：K2O。
Beneficial effects of the present invention include at least：
1, simple type
(1) saving of labor, laborsaving
Present invention eliminates conventional soil cultivation, once palpus arable land, bedding, weeding, fertilising, spray etc. are labor-intensive for shift of crops
Work and the time.
(2) time saving (shortening life cycle of the product)
Substrate culture of the present invention only needs that qualified selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable can be produced within 1 year, is cultivated compared with conventional soil
Selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable at least saved for 2 years（Traditional organic products certification must 3 years soil transition periods）.
(3) easy to operate
1. the present invention breaches the restriction of stationarity and rich selenium vegetables cultivating soil containing selenium in traditional vegetable-cultivating organic base
Either traditional organic Green leaf vegetable cultivation, base is influenced by soil and environment, thus its cultivation base is solid
Fixed；Or whether the cultivation of selenium-rich Green leaf vegetable, restricted containing selenium, cultivation base is also fixed by cultivation base soil
's.The present invention is using selenium-rich organic matrix as nutrition foundation needed for supply raise crop, instead of selenium-rich soil, chemical fertilizer and its preparation
Nutrient solution, thus, the restriction of stationarity and rich selenium vegetables cultivating soil containing selenium in traditional vegetable-cultivating organic base.
2. manageability
The present invention is integrated using modular system and operating instruction management system by establishing a whole set of water, fertilizer, makes complicated
Organic agriculture becomes easy foolproof operation management.
(4) transreplication is promoted
The present invention is moveable cultivation mode.Its whether saline and alkaline beach, or the soil without selenium only need to build a whole set of cultivation
Training system can produce qualified product, thus, transreplication is promoted, such as the balcony of huge numbers of families, naval vessel, and the soil of no selenium,
Or even it is not suitable for the saline and alkaline beach of general production estimation, the ground such as mineral barren hill can produce.
2, high efficiency
(1) highly resistance is inverse
The present invention is using selenium-rich organic matrix as nutrition foundation needed for supply raise crop.Organic Selenium passes through bioconversion and amino
Acid is combined into, and is existed generally in the form of selenomethionine, is followed Methionine metabolism approach to be metabolized, is participated in the synthesis of albumen, is held
It easily stores, absorb within the organization, enhance matrix resistance, including improve crop resistance.
(2) high yield, matter are high
The present invention reaches optimum growh state, to carry using selenium-rich organic matrix as nutrition needed for supply raise crop
High product yield and quality：Product quality is especially up to improved, product is converted to functional health commodity, to improve production
Product added value further increases the purpose of organic agriculture benefit.The product produced with the technology is both organic products and richness
(product reaches national organic products-GB/T1963.1- to selenium product by the detection of Organic certification mechanism, all technical
2011 standards；It is detected by Shanghai academy of agricultural sciences, reaches selenium-enriched fruit and vegetable-GB/T5009.93 standards).
Specific implementation mode
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme of the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment to this
Invention is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and cannot be understood
For limitation of the present invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to skill described in document in the art
Art or condition are carried out according to product description.
The present invention is achieved through the following channels：
1, the preparation of selenium-enriching cultivation matrix and fertilizer application standardize
It is obtained according to repeatedly work study is put into practice：Under conditions of soilless culture, slowly excellent is discharged using matrix organic nutrient
Performance can substantially replace traditional nutrient solution endless form, reduce high soilless culture cost of investment, simplify numerous
Trivial operational administrative process is the water of key technology in the organic fruits and vegetables technology of simple and efficient substrate culture, fertilizer application standardization pipe
Reason is laid a good foundation.
The basic principle of organic substrate selection is applicability and benefit.Thus, according to matrix physics and chemical property,
Ask the unit weight of matrix small, grain size is appropriate, and total porosity is larger, and water suction, retention ability Strong, matrix water-gas ratio are coordinated, chemical stability
By force, acid-base value is suitable, and can provide the various nutrients for being suitble to plant optimum growh.And local reality should be based oneself upon, it is excellent to play resource
Gesture substantially reduces cultivation cost, improves various benefits.By measuring carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N to agricultural crop straw, useless mushroom slag, sawdust etc.,
It is set to be adjusted to 30：Then 1 hereinafter, be added farm manure and Organic Selenium mixing by a certain percentage, selenium-rich is made in abundant decomposed fermentation
Otherwise cultivation matrix needs to impose a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and decompose rapidly, easy to be hardened, and is unfavorable for organic fruits and vegetables production.
The preparation method of selenium-enriching cultivation matrix is：Using solar energy and biomass anaerobic fermentation technology, by agricultural wastes
Such as straw, useless mushroom slag and the poultry manures such as sawdust and various farm manures such as ox, chicken and duck goose, Organic Selenium are according to following index request
Formula crushes, mixing, sprays sufficient moisture and carries out composting, generally can cover film, turning 1 in every 10 days or so with the high 1m of heap, wide 2m
It is secondary, it ferments 40-50 days；Decomposed good selenium-enriching cultivation matrix, it is loose without peculiar smell, pinched with hand it is agglomerating, hand pine can scatter for degree；
The index request of selenium-enriching cultivation matrix is：Its unit weight is 0.3-0.65 grams/cm3, pH value 6-7, mu dosage 35m3, efficiently
Organic matter accounts for 40-70%, maximum water-holding capacity 240-320%, total porosity 85%, C/N ＜ 30,6-10 kilograms of total nutrient content/m3,
Thick matrix grain size 1-2cm；Using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and four element of selenium as leading indicator, the fertilizer amount contained by every cubic metre of matrix includes：
Full nitrogen is 2.2-3.2kg, and full phosphorus is 0.9-1.9kg, and full potassium is 1.8-2.8kg, selenium 8-25g.
Management is standardized to the dose of Different Crop, by taking one batch of Green leaf vegetable (green vegetables) 8 weeks nitrogen, potassium as an example,
Nitrogen：2.2 kg×35 m3×16.9%（Release rate）=13kg, potassium：1.8kg×35 m3×65%（Release rate）=41kg, selenium 34-
105g, this-fertilizer level, nutrient requirement rate and the Green leaf vegetable (blueness of enough one batch of Green leaf vegetable per mu yield 7000kg
Dish) selenium content reach 0.00583mg/Kg requirement.
2. the making of substrate groove, water system and moisture dosage standardize
（1）The making of substrate groove：
It is isolated with soil with thickness >=0.1mm plastic foils, prevents the propagation of soil pest and disease damage and weeds, be used in combination thick film pad in first layer
Between brick and second layer brick, at U-shaped, then with coarse sand to be fills up to first layer brick high, covers bag weaved（Fertilizer conservation water）, finally with fermentation
In good organic Se-rich matrix filling cultivation bed, keep selenium-rich organic matrix height spare up to 12cm or more；For details, reference can be made to existing
The structure of organic fruits and vegetables cultivation bed.
（2）The making of water system
The present invention is mainly that soilless substrate Efficient Cultivation selenium-rich organic fruits and vegetables water, fertilizer are designed using purpose is standardized as, mainly
For, the control water-saving irrigation systems construction such as water, including substrate groove, cistern, confession, control water system.The present invention is used and is independently ground
Hair design：Pass through controllability drainage pipeline, trickle irrigation and cistern（Calculate according to plant water requirement, by every 667 m2With 2.5 m of water3
It calculates）Science is built and the matrix pipette of cultivation bed reaches saturation to stop supplying water（Start water seepage with brickwork joint to be divided into preferably）
Dual control water system, achieve the purpose that soilless substrate Efficient Cultivation water, fertilizer apply standardized management.
The present invention is to use micro- spray formula thin walled hose irrigation system as mating irrigation equipment, and concrete structure is：
Independent water system is established with single canopy, room, by portions such as water inlet main pipeline, branch pipe(tube), valve, micro- spray formula thin walled hoses
Part is connected to form.Cultivate groove width 48cm, can be laid with 1 micro- spray formula thin walled hose, cultivate 72~96cm of groove width, can be laid with 2 it is micro-
Spray formula thin walled hose.
（3）The irrigation quantity standardized management of the organic Green leaf vegetable of substrate culture：
The irrigation quantity of substrate culture Different Crop is to be poured water according to different condition and water content of substrate to carry out quantitative criterion：1. no
Demand of the same crop to irrigation quantity is different, the small crop of the big crop ＞ transpiration rates of transpiration rate, such as：Green pepper ＞ leaf vegetables；2. no
Demand of the same season to irrigation quantity is different, winter in spring ＞ ＞ summer, ＞ autumn；3. crop different growth stage is to irrigation quantity
Demand it is different, growth period ＞ Later growth ＞ grows early period；4. demand of the weather condition to irrigation quantity is different, fine day ＞ is cloudy
Its ＞ rainy day at cloudy day ＞；5. demand of the establishment type to irrigation quantity is different, vinyl house ＞ heliogreenhouses；6. difference portion in facility
Demand of the position to irrigation quantity is different, and ＞ is northern in the middle part of the ＞ of south in canopy, middle part in canopy inner periphery ＞ canopies；7. matrix type is to pouring water
Measure, the matrix of the matrix ＞ good water-retaining property of poor water retention property different with the demand of frequency of irrigation.
3. selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable substrate culture regulations for technical operation
（1）Nursery
Variety selection：Disease-resistant, high-quality, high yield, commodity is selected to be suitble to the kind of the market demand well；Autumn stubble planting and selecting is low temperature resistant
The kind of dim light, high disease resistance；Spring stubble planting and selecting high antiviral disease, heat-resisting kind；
Seed treatment：55 DEG C of degree warm water of seed are impregnated 15-25 minutes, after then being rinsed well with clear water, are placed on 20-30 DEG C
Water seed soaking 6-8 hours, then seed is rinsed well, seed is wrapped with gauze, is placed in 25-30 DEG C of environment and urges
Bud, stirs seed 2-3 times daily, is used in combination clear water to rinse primary, can be sowed after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally within 3-4 days；
Sowing：It is sprinkled profoundly water after selenium-rich organic matrix is packed into pot for growing seedlings, is sown into the seed through vernalization, depth of planting is 1cm or so；
Autumn stubble should after planting prevent high temperature and drought, keep 25-30 DEG C of day temperature, at 20-25 DEG C of night, matrix relative humidity maintains
80% or so, it is covered and is cooled down with sunshade net；Spring stubble is after planting it should be noted that heat preservation, keeps 23-26 DEG C of daytime, 18-22 DEG C of night, base
Matter relative humidity maintains 80% or less；Can take thermal screen, multilayer covering, the measures heat preservation such as hot line；
It should reinforce temperature, illumination and water management after emergence.Day temperature parameter is 23-30 DEG C, 18-22 DEG C of night；Illumination is joined
Number is more than 10000Lux；Matrix relative humidity maintains 65%-75%；Cooling measure is sunshade net sunshade, blade face water spray etc., heat preservation
Measure is the same as sowing.
（2）Field planting
Cultivation bed, irrigation system etc. are installed spare in advance before field planting, and greenhouse keeps neat and tidy, sterile-processed, no pest and
Green plants is substantially isolated with the external world；
Planting stock should select as possible it is disease-free and it is uniform in size be colonized together, mode using multirow misplace field planting method, after field planting stand
I.e. trickle irrigation is colonized water, and rational close planting is high crop yield key factor；
Drip irrigation hose is put among cultivation bed, is connected to water outlet, and upward by weeper, it is fixed, the hose other end is blocked,
Water source valve is opened, checks hose water outlet status；Wide 20cm separately is determined with the common canopy films of 0.1mm, length is equal to cultivation slot length
Film is covered in above drip irrigation hose.
（3）Field management
Greenhouse management：It is 20 DEG C -25 DEG C according to , You Slim phase day temperatures the characteristics of Crop development, 25 DEG C of daytime in growth period -
28 DEG C, 16-20 DEG C of night, substrate temperature is kept for 16-22 DEG C, and illumination requires ten thousand Lux of 1-3,50% or more light transmittance requirement to maintain
Relative air humidity is 60%-70%；
Nutrient management：Selenium-rich organic cultivation matrix is using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and four element of selenium as leading indicator, contained by every cubic metre of matrix
Fertilizer amount include：Full nitrogen is 2.2-3.2kg, full phosphorus（P2O5）For 0.9-1.9kg, full potassium（K2O）For 1.8-2.8kg, selenium 8-
25g.In order to be in best keeping state within crop entire breeding time, usually according to plant growth different times to nutrition not
With such as seedling, growth period, maturity period is required, water supply is taken to regulate and control, soil humidity 60-70%, growth are kept in seedling, maturity period
Phase keeps soil humidity 70-80%, and plant is made to reach optimum growh state；
Water management：Underground deep water is taken, uses current more advanced Microsoft's drip irrigation system for crop quantitative drip irrigation, water consumption is dew
Cultivate water consumption 1/5 in ground；This water system is different from nutrient solution soilless culture system, and nutrition and moisture supply are to separate progress
, and moisture and nutrition cannot be provided simultaneously, moisture except directly supplying outer or dissolved solid fertilizer solvent needed for crop,
There are moisture and good nutrition to coordinate, just can guarantee that solid-state fertilizer fully releases the nutrient that can be absorbed by crops, be the normal of crop
Development provides stable nutrient density；In addition, moisture supply amount is also micro- to the air of rhizosphere, temperature, humidity, microbial activities etc.
Biotic environment causes important influence；Therefore, the water demand of crop is the key index of the good growth and development of soilless culture crop.
（4）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Clean strong sprout is strictly cultivated in the environment of no worm carries out the erector that fly net, lamp, property lure device before crop field planting
Make, after field planting, by per 20-30m2One amount hangs up mythimna separata yellow card's trap pest in time, running check plant insect density, i.e.,
It is unfavorable that humid air relative humidity increases yellow tea mite population quantity less than 80% environment, and relative humidity is in 80% or more high humidity
Environment is to red spider disadvantage of reproduction；Climate change is utilized in due course, rationally reduces chamber humidity, and the growth of most of insect pest is sent out
Inhibiting effect is given birth to, therefore, can control these pests to hatch and breed by the means of environment conditioning, it is close to reduce insect population
Degree hangs branch and prunes, extractd with the measures such as worm old leaf ventilation wet down around seedling, training, also can effectively reduce various egg counts in time
With the generation of various diseases.
（5）Rear matrix is adopted to recycle
After every batch of crop, the nutrient that should be lost to selenium-rich organic matrix supplements, mainly with mu 5m3The richness newly configured
Selenium organic substrate presses 8 with farm manure and mushroom slag:2 ratio mixed fermentations are decomposed or with mu 5m3Sterilize argol supplement.Spring simultaneously
After stubble crop, sterilized within 20 days using high temperature close plastic shed；After autumn stubble, using fumigating system（Mineral sulphur mixes combustion with sawdust
It burns）Carry out the sterilizing in matrix and canopy.
Specific embodiment：
Green vegetables produced by the invention service 's detection through logical mark standard technique, reach national organic products
（GB/T1963.1-2011）Standard see the table below 1：
Table 1
Green vegetables produced by the invention are detected through Shanghai City academy of agricultural sciences agricultural product quality standard and detection technique research institute, reach rich
Selenium（GB/T5009.93）Fruits and vegetables standard.It see the table below 2：
Table 2
Specific embodiment analytical table 3-5：
Table 3：This project and other planting type advantage comparative analysis tables
Table 4：This project and other rich selenium vegetables planting type advantage comparative analysis tables
Table 5：The Efficiency Comparison analytical table of this project and other planting types
Unit：Ten thousand yuan/mu
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of selenium-rich organic Green leaf vegetable cultivation matrix, which is characterized in that including：
Using solar energy and biomass anaerobic fermentation technology, agricultural wastes, feces of livestock and poultry, Organic Selenium are wanted according to following index
Formula, crushing, mixing are asked, sufficient moisture is sprayed and carries out composting, heap high 1m, wide 2m cover film, and every turning in 10 days 1 time, ferment 40-
50 days；Decomposed good selenium-enriching cultivation matrix, it is loose without peculiar smell, pinched with hand it is agglomerating, hand pine can scatter for degree；
The index request of selenium-enriching cultivation matrix is：Its unit weight is 0.3-0.65 grams/cm3, pH value 6-7, mu dosage 35m3, efficiently
Organic matter accounts for 40-70%, maximum water-holding capacity 240-320%, total porosity 85%, C/N ＜ 30,6-10 kilograms of total nutrient content/m3,
Thick matrix grain size 1-2cm；Using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and four element of selenium as leading indicator, the fertilizer amount contained by every cubic metre of matrix includes：
Full nitrogen is 2.2-3.2kg, and full phosphorus is 0.9-1.9kg, and full potassium is 1.8-2.8kg, Organic Selenium 8-25g.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The agricultural wastes include：Straw, useless mushroom slag and
Sawdust.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The full phosphorus includes：P2O5；The full potassium includes：
K2O。
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