CN108329979A - 一种长寿命节能液压油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种长寿命节能液压油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108329979A
CN108329979A CN201810056094.2A CN201810056094A CN108329979A CN 108329979 A CN108329979 A CN 108329979A CN 201810056094 A CN201810056094 A CN 201810056094A CN 108329979 A CN108329979 A CN 108329979A
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hydraulic oil
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董成功
崔建军
杨伟
郭万辉
范文博
董天亮
陈小雪
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Panjin Northern Asphalt Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/048Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/283Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064Di- and triaryl amines
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045Metal containing thio derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08Resistance to extreme temperature
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于液压工程技术领域,涉及一种长寿命节能液压油及其制备方法。本发明的长寿命节能液压油按照质量百分比,由基础油97.8%~99.3%,降凝剂0.1%~0.5%,复合剂0.6%~1.2%组成。本发明的长寿命节能液压油,通过精选基础油和平衡添加剂配方,能够延长液压油的使用寿命,达到长寿命的液压油标准。

Description

一种长寿命节能液压油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于液压工程技术领域,涉及一种长寿命节能液压油及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,常用的液压油按基础油分有两种,即精制矿物基础油和合成基础油;按添加剂种类分有含ZDDP为主剂的锌型配方和硫、磷、氮剂为主剂的无灰配方;按粘度指数分有抗磨液压油和高粘度指数抗磨液油。
含锌抗磨液压油很容易通过叶片泵,但却较难通过柱塞泵,因为配方中的ZDDP对使用中的高压柱塞镀铜部件产生严重腐蚀,导致液压泵损坏,而且当油中混入少量水分后,即发生严重乳化,造成过滤系统的堵塞。
常规粘度指数液压油存在以下缺点:
1)对于常规粘指液压油,为了满足液压设备高温下的使用性能,通常需选择较高粘度的抗磨液压油,这样就会造成较高的能耗。
2)常规粘度指数的液压油,不能满足低温的液压系统,会造成启动困难或启动阶段异常磨损。
3)常规粘度指数的液压油,在液压系统高温工作环境下,其粘度较低,不能形成连续油膜,容易造成液压系统磨损,同时常规粘度指数抗磨液压油,其抗磨性亦不能满足高压液压系统的要求。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种长寿命节能液压油及其制备方法,其具有较高的粘度指数,良好的抗乳化性、抗磨性和极压性,优异的低温性能、突出的液压油使用寿命和显著的节能效果,油品质量不仅满足国家标准要求,同时具有良好的节能效益。
本发明的长寿命节能液压油按照质量百分比,由下列组分组成:基础油97.8%~99.3%,降凝剂0.1%~0.5%,复合剂0.6%~1.2%。
其中,所述的基础油按质量百分比计,由如下部分组成:加氢异构脱蜡基础油1#26%~32%,加氢异构脱蜡基础油2#60%~65%,加氢异构脱蜡基础油3#12%~25%,季戊四醇四异辛酸酯20%~25%。
所述的降凝剂由聚甲基丙烯酸酯组成。
所述的复合剂按质量百分比计,由如下部分组成:胺类抗氧剂15%~30%,摩擦改进剂二烷基二硫代磷酸氧钼5%~28%,复合抗泡剂0.1%~1%,破乳剂0.1%~1.2%;其中,胺类抗氧剂为液体辛基丁基二苯胺,优选液体辛基丁基二苯胺L57;复合抗泡剂优选复合抗泡剂T921。
本发明的长寿命节能液压油的制备方法为:
按照质量百分比,将97.8%~99.3%基础油加入到调和釜中,再加入0.6%~1.2%复合剂和0.1%~0.5%降凝剂,调和釜控温在55℃搅拌2h,得到长寿命节能液压油。
与现有技术相比,本发明的特点和有益效果是:
本发明的长寿命节能液压油,通过精选基础油和平衡添加剂配方,能够延长液压油的使用寿命,达到长寿命的液压油标准,其中的摩擦改进剂二烷基二硫代磷酸氧钼能够提高油品的抗磨性,减少泵阀的磨损,其添加剂量非常少,在0.02~0.15%范围内,能够极大地提高油品的极压抗磨性,特别当加剂量为0.03%时,其油品四球磨痕直径降低20%左右,此外,破乳剂能够有效的改善润滑油的抗乳化性,使油品尽量保持润滑和流动性,避免损坏和缩短油品的寿命。
本发明的长寿命节能液压油较高的粘指和低温性能能够保证液压设备在苛刻工况下正常运行,从而降低极端条件下的能耗,优异的抗磨性能和极压性能能够减少磨损,提高液压系统工作效率,从而显著节约能耗3%以上。
本发明的长寿命节能液压油能够在苛刻的工作条件下,提供优异的超低温、高油膜强度保护,可用于环境温度和工作温度变化特别大的液力传动系统和液压系统。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例的长寿命节能液压油,按照质量份计,将31份基础油1#、47份基础油3#、21.254份季戊四醇四异辛酸酯加入到反应釜中,再加入0.1份降凝剂、0.36份抗氧剂、0.16份摩擦改进剂二烷基二硫代磷酸氧钼、0.123份复合抗泡剂和0.003份破乳剂,调和釜控温在55℃搅拌2h,得到所述长寿命节能液压油。
实施例2
本实施例的长寿命节能液压油,按质量份计,将25份基础油1#、50份基础油3#、24.08份季戊四醇四异辛酸酯加入到反应釜中,再加入0.1份降凝剂、0.54份抗氧剂、0.16份摩擦改进剂二烷基二硫代磷酸氧钼、0.117份复合抗泡剂和0.003份破乳剂,调和釜控温在55℃搅拌2h,得到所述长寿命节能液压油。
实施例3
本实施例的长寿命节能液压油,按质量份计,将60份基础油2#、15份基础油3#、24.054份季戊四醇四异辛酸酯加入到反应釜中,再加入0.08份降凝剂、0.58份抗氧剂、0.16份摩擦改进剂二烷基二硫代磷酸氧钼、0.123份复合抗泡剂和0.003份破乳剂,调和釜控温在55℃搅拌2h,得到所述长寿命节能液压油。
实施例1~3得到的长寿命节能液压油性能如下表:
本发明3个实施例均有较好的抗氧化性能和抗磨性能,但对比三个实施例,依然存在性能上的差距:
实施例2较实施例1基础油组分相近,但实施例2抗氧剂用量较大,表中可以看出实施例2氧化寿命明显优于实施例1,说明增加本发明所选的L57抗氧剂能显著提高抗氧化性能。
实施例2较实施例1有较好的抗磨性能,说明所加入较多的季戊四醇四异辛酸酯能显著提高液压油的润滑性能。
以上描述了本发明的实施方式,但是专利所有者可以在所附权利要求的范围之内做出各种变形或修改,只要不超过本发明的权利要求所描述的保护范围,都应当在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种长寿命节能液压油,其特征在于按照质量百分比,由下列组分组成:基础油97.8%~99.3%,降凝剂0.1%~0.5%,复合剂0.6%~1.2%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种长寿命节能液压油,其特征在于所述的基础油按质量百分比计,由如下部分组成:加氢异构脱蜡基础油1#26%~32%,加氢异构脱蜡基础油2#60%~65%,加氢异构脱蜡基础油3#12%~25%,季戊四醇四异辛酸酯20%~25%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种长寿命节能液压油,其特征在于所述的降凝剂由聚甲基丙烯酸酯组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种长寿命节能液压油,其特征在于所述的复合剂按质量百分比计,由如下部分组成:胺类抗氧剂15%~30%,摩擦改进剂二烷基二硫代磷酸氧钼5%~28%,复合抗泡剂0.1%~1%,破乳剂0.1%~1.2%;其中,胺类抗氧剂为液体辛基丁基二苯胺,优选液体辛基丁基二苯胺L57;复合抗泡剂优选复合抗泡剂T921。
5.如权利要求1所述的长寿命节能液压油的制备方法,其特征在于步骤为:
按照质量百分比,将97.8%~99.3%基础油加入到调和釜中,再加入0.6%~1.2%复合剂和0.1%~0.5%降凝剂,调和釜控温在55℃搅拌2h,得到长寿命节能液压油。
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