CN108316014A - 一种亚麻粘前处理工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种亚麻粘前处理工艺。该种前处理工艺增加了一道酸洗的过程，使得植物纤维内部的杂质能进行更好的清除并将ph值控制在中性，减少助剂对织物纤维造成的腐蚀，并结合后期的氯漂与氧漂脱氯的流程，在保证织物纤维本生强度的基础上，进一步提升织物纤维的白度与光洁度，从而提升织物纤维的加工质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种布料处理工艺，特别涉及一种亚麻粘前处理工艺。
背景技术
随着生活水平的日益提高，人们衣着的观念也从“适用型”向“健康型”转变，尤其是近20年，“绿色消费”愿望在消费者心中越来越强烈，作为具有“纤维皇后”之称的亚麻纤维及其织物，由于它具有较强的吸湿性、透气性、抗菌抑菌等优点，已成为春夏服装面料的首选。
公告号为CN105962499A的中国专利公开了一种亚麻粘胶弹力面料，所述面料是将亚麻粘胶混纺纱线和氨纶弹力丝进行混纺织造，再进行前处理，染色，柔软整理，烘干定型得到，其中，所述面料中氨纶弹力丝的含量为3-10wt％，所述前处理采用生物酶进行冷堆和氧漂工艺；所述染色采用还原染料的湿短蒸轧染染色工艺；所述柔软整理中采用两次柔软处理；所述烘干定型中采用FIR4烘干定型机。
上述专利中亚麻粘胶弹力面料的前处理工艺采用生物酶进行冷堆和氧漂工艺进行处理；然而，在实际应用中发现，通过该种传统前处理工艺处理后亚麻粘面料的强度以及白度方面均有所偏低，导致传统的前处理工艺难以加工出质量较好的亚麻粘面料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，通过该种前处理工艺加工出来的亚麻粘面料具有较好的强度以及白度。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、退缝：将缝纫在一起的织物进行退缝；
S2、酸洗：取经步骤S1处理后的织物进行水浴酸洗，水浴酸洗的成份包括有过氧乙酸5-7g/l，浴比为1:10，将温度控制50-70度之间水浴50-60分钟，在水浴的过程中加入氢氧化钠将ph值控制在4.5-6；
S3、烧毛：取经步骤S2处理后的织物放入到烧毛机中进行二正二反烧毛处理；
S4、煮炼：取经步骤S3处理后的织物放入到煮炼液中进行煮炼，煮炼液的成份包括有氢氧化钠3g/l，渗透剂-脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚2g/l，纯碱2g/l，硅酸钠3g/l，温度95℃、时间为60分钟；
S5、氯漂：取经步骤S4处理后的织物放入到氯漂液中进行氯漂；
S6、氧漂脱氯：取经步骤S5处理后的织物放入到氧漂液中进行氧漂，再将氧漂后的织物进行脱氯处理。
通过采用上述技术方案，将退缝后的织物直接进行水浴酸洗，通过过氧乙酸用于去除掉织物纤维内部的果胶与木质素等，使得织物变白并变得柔软，并将过氧乙酸的浓度设置在5-7g/l之间，使得过氧乙酸的浓度不会过高，减少过氧乙酸对织物纤维造成溶胀现象与织物纤维的失重率，从而降低织物纤维的分裂度，保证织物纤维的强度。通过温度的把控，在保证过氧乙酸对果胶与木质素等进行有效分解的基础上，降低温度过高温对织物纤维造成的分裂度，从而保证织物纤维的结构强度。将ph值控制在4.5-6，使得水浴酸洗液体保持在中性，降低水浴酸洗液体对织物纤维造成的腐蚀，保证织物纤维的结构强度。
进一步设置为：S2步骤中的水浴酸洗成份还包括有冰乙酸，通过冰乙酸将ph值控制在6。
通过采用上述技术方案，过氧乙酸与氢氧化钠都是属于强酸与强碱性的物质，通过过氧乙酸与氢氧化钠之间的混合调配很难将ph值控制在6。冰乙酸属于弱酸性，通过少量的冰乙酸对ph值进行微调，从而将ph值调节到6；当ph值处于6时能使过氧乙酸保持较快的分解率并减低过氧乙酸对织物纤维造成的分裂度，使织物纤维拥有白度的同时兼具有强度。ph值处于6的水浴酸洗液体能降低对设备造成的腐蚀性，延长设备的使用寿命。
进一步设置为：S2步骤中的初始水温控制在30℃并在30分钟内逐渐提升至60℃后，稳定在60℃加工30分钟。
通过采用上述技术方案，将初始水温控制在30℃，保证过氧乙酸的活性，使得过氧乙酸能具有较好的分解率，并减少过氧乙酸因持续的较高温度而造成的水解现象。通过持续提升高温度的方式，减少温度的骤升而对过氧乙酸分子造成的破坏；持续30分钟的60℃，使得过氧乙酸能保持很好分解率的同时，降低了过氧乙酸水解的现象，提升过氧乙酸的使用效率。
进一步设置为：织物在进入到S3步骤中烧毛之前需经过刮刀和金刚砂辊。
通过采用上述技术方案，织物纤维表面具有较多的麻屑和麻皮等杂质，通过刮刀与金刚砂辊的设置对织物表面存在的较大杂质进行清理。使得织物在进入到烧毛机时，通过烧毛机能对织物的表面的杂毛进行更加均匀的去除，提升织物的烧毛质量。
进一步设置为：S3步骤中烧毛机的出火口为双喷射火口，火口的火焰温度为1350℃，车速为80-100m/min。
通过采用上述技术方案，亚麻性织物纤维的刚性较大，通过增加火焰与织物纤维之间的接触面积并提升火焰温度的方式，使得火焰能对织物纤维表面的杂毛起到更好的清除效果。
进一步设置为：S5步骤中氯漂液的成份包括有次氯酸钠(有效氯)2-4g/l，pH值8.5-9.5，温度为室温20℃、时间为30分钟，浴比为1:15。
通过采用上述技术方案，次氯酸钠分子本身较为稳定，为保证次氯酸钠漂白的速度并降低织物纤维的损伤，故将pH值控制在8.5-9.5之间，通过该到工序用于增大织物的白度与光洁度，提升织物的生产质量并保证了织物的强度。
进一步设置为：S6步骤中氧漂液的成份包括有双氧水4-6g/l且浓度为100％，氧漂稳定剂1-2g/l，螯合剂1g/l，渗透剂2g/l，pH值10.5-11，蒸汽时间为50-60分钟。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过双氧水对织物纤维进行再次漂白，使得织物纤维能达到一定的白度要求，并在氧漂液中加入渗透剂以及螯合剂，增加织物表面的光泽度并提高面料织物吸收染料的能力，使得织物的性能更加稳定。
进一步设置为：S6步骤中的脱氯操作使用的助剂为过氧化氢8g/l。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过过氧化氢对织物纤维内含有的杂氯进行反应并生成氯化氢和氧气，减少残氯对不耐氯漂的活性染料的印花带来不利，并引起含氮树脂再进行树脂整理时因吸收氯而产生泛黄的现象。
进一步设置为：S4步骤中煮炼后的织物直接放入到水洗机内进行水洗，水洗的温度为60℃。
通过采用上述技术方案，将煮炼后的织物进行充分的水洗，提升织物的后期漂白，并将水温设置为60℃的方式，保证织物纤维的柔软性，使得后期的助剂能更加快速的渗透进织物纤维内。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：通过该种前处理工艺增加了一道酸洗的过程，使得织物纤维内部的杂质能进行更好的清除并将ph值控制在中性，减少助剂对织物纤维造成的腐蚀，并结合后期的氯漂与氧漂脱氯的流程，在保证织物纤维本生强度的基础上，进一步提升织物纤维的白度与光洁度，从而提升织物纤维的加工质量。
附图说明
图1为实施例的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
一种亚麻粘前处理工艺如下所示；
1、将缝纫在一起的织物进行退缝处理；
2、将退缝处理后的织物放入到水浴缸内进行水浴酸洗，水浴酸洗液体的成份包括有过氧乙酸6g/l，浴比为1:10，将温度控制60度且水浴时间为60分钟；在水浴的过程中加入氢氧化钠以及弱酸性的冰乙酸，用于将水浴酸洗液体的ph值精确调节到6；水浴酸洗液体的初始温度控制在30℃对织物加工30分钟并在这30分钟内温度逐渐提升至60℃，并处于60℃再加工30分钟；
3、将酸洗后的织物传输进烧毛机，并在传输进烧毛机之前使得传输中的织物与刮板和金刚砂辊进行接触，对织物表面存在的较大杂质颗粒进行清理，清除后的织物传输进烧毛机进行二正二反烧毛；烧毛机的出火口为双喷射火口并将火口的温度控制在1350℃，烧毛机的车速控制在100m/min；
4、将烧毛后的织物放入到煮布锅进行煮炼，煮炼液的成份包括有氢氧化钠3g/l，渗透剂-脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚2g/l，纯碱2g/l，硅酸钠3g/l，温度95℃、时间为60分钟；将煮炼后的织物传输进水洗机内进行水洗，水洗的温度控制在60℃进行三道水洗；
5、将煮炼后的织物放入到氯漂液中进行氯漂，氯漂液的成份包括有次氯酸钠(有效氯)2g/l，pH值8.5，温度为室温20℃、时间为30分钟，浴比为1:15；
6、将氯漂后的织物放入到氧漂液中进行氧漂，氧漂液的成份包括有双氧水4g/l且浓度为100％，氧漂稳定剂1g/l，螯合剂1g/l，渗透剂2g/l，pH值10.5，蒸汽时间为50分钟；将氧漂后的织物放入到脱氯池进行脱氯，脱氯池内加入过氧化氢8g/l。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (9)
1.一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、退缝：将缝纫在一起的织物进行退缝；
S2、酸洗：取经步骤S1处理后的织物进行水浴酸洗，水浴酸洗的成份包括有过氧乙酸5-7g/l，浴比为1:10，将温度控制50-70度之间水浴50-60分钟，在水浴的过程中加入氢氧化钠将ph值控制在4.5-6；
S3、烧毛：取经步骤S2处理后的织物放入到烧毛机中进行二正二反烧毛处理；
S4、煮炼：取经步骤S3处理后的织物放入到煮炼液中进行煮炼，煮炼液的成份包括有氢氧化钠3g/l，渗透剂-脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚2g/l，纯碱2g/l，硅酸钠3g/l，温度95℃、时间为60分钟；
S5、氯漂：取经步骤S4处理后的织物放入到氯漂液中进行氯漂；
S6、氧漂脱氯：取经步骤S5处理后的织物放入到氧漂液中进行氧漂，再将氧漂后的织物进行脱氯处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S2步骤中的水浴酸洗成份还包括有冰乙酸，通过冰乙酸将ph值控制在6。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S2步骤中的初始水温控制在30℃并在30分钟内逐渐提升至60℃后，稳定在60℃加工30分钟。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：织物在进入到S3步骤中烧毛之前需经过刮刀和金刚砂辊。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S3步骤中烧毛机的出火口为双喷射火口，火口的火焰温度为1350℃，车速为80-100m/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S5步骤中氯漂液的成份包括有次氯酸钠（有效氯）2-4g/l，pH值8.5-9.5，温度为室温20℃、时间为30分钟，浴比为1:15。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S6步骤中氧漂液的成份包括有双氧水4-6g/l且浓度为100%，氧漂稳定剂1-2g/l，螯合剂1g/l，渗透剂2g/l，pH值10.5-11，蒸汽时间为50-60分钟。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S6步骤中的脱氯操作使用的助剂为过氧化氢8g/l。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚麻粘前处理工艺，其特征在于：S4步骤中煮炼后的织物直接放入到水洗机内进行水洗，水洗的温度为60℃。
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