CN108290607B - 用于与驾驶员无关地影响单辙的机动车的转向元件的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于与驾驶员无关地影响单辙的机动车的转向元件的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN108290607B
CN108290607B CN201680062640.2A CN201680062640A CN108290607B CN 108290607 B CN108290607 B CN 108290607B CN 201680062640 A CN201680062640 A CN 201680062640A CN 108290607 B CN108290607 B CN 108290607B
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A·库滕贝格尔
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    • B60T2260/00Interaction of vehicle brake system with other systems
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在与驾驶员无关地实施的紧急制动过程中与驾驶员无关地影响单辙的机动车的转向元件的方法,其中‑获知与驾驶员无关地实施的紧急制动过程的存在情况并‑根据上述情况进行对转向元件的与驾驶员无关的影响。

Description

用于与驾驶员无关地影响单辙的机动车的转向元件的方法和 装置
背景技术
DE 10 2013 200 044 A1公开了一种用于在两轮车中实施紧急制动过程的方法,其中在确定危险情况和此外至少一个车辆状态参量、驾驶员特征参量和/或环境特征参量处于确定的数值范围内的情况下,自动在两轮车上实施制动过程。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种用于在紧急制动过程中与驾驶员无关地影响单辙的机动车的转向元件的方法,其中
-获知单辙的机动车的与驾驶员无关地实施的紧急制动过程的存在或直接面临情况,并
-根据上述情况对转向元件进行与驾驶员无关的影响。
本发明的有利的设计方案的特征在于,转向元件是转向减振器,其在紧急制动过程中这样受到影响,使其具有转向器振动的更强衰减,也就是说,在紧急制动过程期间增强转向器振动的衰减。但在紧急制动过程中也可以进行转向器振动的主动的衰减。
本发明的有利的设计方案的特征在于,转向元件是用于与驾驶员无关地调整转向角的转向致动器,在紧急制动过程中与驾驶员无关对其这样进行操控,使单辙的机动车直线继续行驶。
本发明的有利的设计方案的特征在于,单辙的机动车是摩托车或也是小型摩托车。
本发明的有利的设计方案的特征在于,与驾驶员无关的紧急制动过程根据在行驶方向上预测的环境传感装置的信号进行触发。这种类型的环境传感装置特别是在双辙的机动车的领域中公知。
本发明此外包括一种装置,该装置包含器件,所述器件被构型用于实施根据本发明的方法。在此,它特别是一种控制器,用于实施根据本发明方法的程序代码保存在控制器中。
附图说明
附图包括图1。
图1中示出根据本发明方法的一种实施方式的基本流程。
具体实施方式
在本发明中,示出主动的转向减振器的使用或用于提高摩托车安全性的主动的转向机构的使用。
如果通过预测的传感装置导入紧急制动,那么这一点对于驾驶员来说经常会感到意外(überraschend)。因此他对紧急制动情况没有准备。这一点会造成摩托车由于强制动而左右晃动。
在这里主动的转向减振器能够被证明为是有利的。这种可以主动操控的转向减振器可以由环境传感装置已经在触发紧急制动之前就这样重新配置,使得由此摩托车在这种特殊的紧急制动情况下的左右晃动得到防止或至少明显减小。例如,减振器特性曲线可以这样改变,使减振器变得更强。也可以调整转向减振器的步进特性曲线,由此使大的转向器振幅
Figure BPA0000257456060000021
变得困难或得到防止。由此摩托车保留在行车道内并可以防止倾倒(Sturz)。也可以通过摩托车增强的直线运动重新传递更多的制动功率,从而摩托车及早停车。
为使摩托车在紧急制动期间稳定,也适用例如可以通过电调节器来操控的主动的转向机构。但也可以设想例如液压的操控。不同于汽车的是,摩托车从运动中产生其稳定性。通过车轮的转动构建回转力,所述回转力使摩托车保持平衡。这种回转力随着车轮转速的上升而增长。如果摩托车现在变得更慢,那么回转力下降并使摩托车不稳定。摩托车的保持平衡因此随着速度下降而更加困难。因为在紧急制动情况下,驾驶员经常产生苛求,他经常只能对维持摩托车的平衡做出部分贡献。借助转向机构上的主动的控制脉冲和/或调节脉冲,其在紧急制动情况下这样被操控,使摩托车直线保持直至停车。由此既防止摩托车倾倒,也使摩托车最佳地制动,因为该摩托车在直立的(aufrechten)状态下可以产生最大的制动功率或制动减速。
弯道上的制动是摩托车驾驶中最难的任务提出之一。在这里,由于卡玛圆只能将一部分制动力传递到车轮上,因为需要为车轮的弯道引导由车道向车轮施加一部分力。
作为附加,弯道上制动时还额外出现竖起力矩,这导致摩托车如果没有反向转向的话要直线驶出。在正常条件下,受过训练的摩托车驾驶员掌控这种情况,因为他可以对其进行调整。但在紧急制动情况下,不排除对紧急制动没有准备的驾驶员没有反应或仅过迟反应或甚至倾向于错误反应。在这种情况下,现在主动的转向机构介入并利用受控制的转向运动使摩托车稳定。因此摩托车在弯道上得到可靠引导并在速度降低时受控制地进入垂直,以防止停车时倾倒。
根据本发明的方法的一种实施方式的流程在图1中示出。在框100内该方法开始后,在框101内对摩托车在行驶方向上预测的环境传感装置的输出信号进行分析。在框102内,随后决定是否借助这些信号直接表明摩托车面临事故情况。如果不是这种情况,那么返回框101。但如果直接面临事故或碰撞,那么在框103内导入紧急制动过程并在框104内同时进行摩托车的转向元件的与驾驶员无关的影响,以便使摩托车在紧急制动期间保持在控制下。在框105内该方法结束。

Claims (5)

1.用于在与驾驶员无关地实施的紧急制动过程中与驾驶员无关地影响单辙的机动车的转向元件的方法,其中
获知与驾驶员无关地实施的紧急制动过程的存在情况,并
根据上述情况进行对转向元件的与驾驶员无关的影响,
所述转向元件是用于与驾驶员无关地调整转向角的转向致动器,在紧急制动过程中与驾驶员无关对所述转向致动器这样进行操控,使单辙的机动车直线继续行驶。
2.按权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述转向元件是转向减振器,所述转向减振器在紧急制动过程中这样受到影响,使其具有转向器振动的更强衰减。
3.按权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,单辙的机动车是摩托车。
4.按权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,与驾驶员无关的紧急制动过程根据预测的环境传感装置的信号进行触发。
5.含有用于实施依据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法构成的器件的装置。
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