CN108283190B - Pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the pesticide liquid is prepared from the following raw materials: comprises the following raw medicinal materials: humulus scandens, rhizoma atractylodis, honeysuckle, purslane, walnut leaves, cockscomb, swallowtail, canna edulis and sargentgloryvine stem. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the Chinese chives are nontoxic and harmless to human and livestock, green, environment-friendly and pollution-free, do not damage the nature and pollute the environment, can replace the chemical and chemical synthetic pesticides currently used in China, have no pesticide residue in the Chinese chives, and solve the problem of edible safety of the Chinese chives.

Description

Pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots and preparation method and application thereof

The scheme is a divisional application, and the original application name is as follows: a method for preparing a pesticide for preventing and controlling Chinese chive maggots by utilizing biogas slurry is disclosed, and the application date of the original application is as follows: 2016-01-28, the application number of the original application is: 201610057665.5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The Bradysia odoriphaga is larva of bradysia odoriphaga of Diptera. The leek maggot has wide feeding range, and can damage more than 30 vegetables of Liliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Brassicaceae, Umbelliferae, etc., wherein the leek is the most seriously damaged. In the main production area of Chinese chives planting, the insect is common and the occurrence area is as large as 90%. The field plant damage rate of the Chinese chives is generally more than 20 percent, and the yield loss of the Chinese chives is between 30 and 80 percent. Statistics show that the probability of infection of the Chinese chives by the Chinese chive maggots after 2 years of growth reaches about 80%, particularly, the probability of infection of the Chinese chives by the Chinese chive maggots is increased year by year with the increase of the production of the Chinese chives and the Chinese chives out of season, and some areas almost reach 100%. The Chinese chive maggot is a stubborn soil pest and is a destructive pest which harms the growth of the Chinese chives. The larvae of the Chinese chive maggots mainly cluster underground and eat the bulbs and the tender shoots on the bulbs at the underground part of the Chinese chive. After the leeks are damaged, the commodity value is slightly influenced, and the local or whole bulbs of the leeks are seriously rotted, so that overground leaves of the leeks are thin, weak, withered and rotted, and even die in pieces, and the benefit of leek farmers is greatly damaged.

The economic benefit of the Chinese chives is seriously influenced by the large occurrence of the Chinese chives maggots and the rapid propagation of the Chinese chives maggots. A root soil-poking and pest-removing method, an insect-proof net and sugar-vinegar liquid trapping method, crop rotation and stubble turning, root foundation earthing, organic fertilizer decomposition deep application, root-picking and soil cooling, plant ash pull-out, a biological method and the like are provided for radically treating the Chinese chive maggots, but the methods have the defects of large workload, low efficiency, high investment cost, poor Chinese chive maggot killing effect and the like. At present, the method for quickly and effectively killing the Chinese chive maggots is still a chemical method. The nationally licensed and applicable professional Chinese chive maggot prevention and treatment medicines mostly comprise phoxim (organic phosphorus pesticide) and chlorpyrifos with strong imbibition, but the harvesting period of the Chinese chives is short, the Chinese chives do not reach the pesticide safety interval period when being harvested, and the quantity and frequency of the Chinese chive farmers using the medicines cannot be effectively controlled; when the Chinese chive maggots are killed, the soil has strong adsorbability to pesticides, so that the degradation speed is slow, and pesticide residues on the Chinese chives in partial areas exceed the standard and are often absorbed into the bodies of the Chinese chives. Along with the application of the pesticide, the resistance of the Chinese chive maggots to the pesticide is stronger and stronger, so that Chinese chive farmers are forced to illegally apply the pesticide with higher toxicity and more effective 3911, 1605 and the like, a vicious circle is formed, and the pesticide residue of the Chinese chive exceeds the standard. Because the production and development of the Chinese chives after killing the Chinese chive maggots by using the highly toxic pesticide are not influenced, and meanwhile, the Chinese chives cannot be identified on the appearance, the Chinese chives are frequently eaten in daily life, in recent years, the Chinese chives are frequently infected, continuous exposure events of the Chinese chives cause serious harm to human bodies and even endanger life, so that consumers 'talk about Chinese chive color change', and the economic benefit of vegetable growers and the food safety of the consumers are seriously influenced.

In addition, the pesticide is applied to the natural environment, and the pesticide achieves the intended purpose, but also brings pollution problems. If the pesticide residue in the environment and food exceeds the standard, the pesticide residue will have adverse effects on human beings, other organisms and even the whole ecological system. After entering the natural ecological environment, the pesticide can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, the digestive tract, the skin and other ways. If the medicament is highly toxic, acute or subacute poisoning may occur, even causing life risks. Some drugs have low acute toxicity, but if the drugs have stable properties, the drugs are not easy to decompose and disappear after use, and the drugs can remain in water, atmosphere, crops, agricultural products, aquatic products or livestock products and finally enter human bodies to cause chronic poisoning. Meanwhile, pesticide pollution can cause poisoning and even death of other organisms, so that ecological balance is damaged, and pesticide residue and pollution must be controlled to reduce influence and harm on human society.

In addition, in recent years, the yield of kitchen waste in China is getting larger and larger, and the kitchen waste accounts for more than 50% of the total amount of municipal solid waste; the harm directly affects the urban appearance hygiene of the city, and causes insect damage, rat damage and even disease transmission; more seriously, part of the kitchen waste is processed into 'swill-cooked dirty oil' without being processed to enter the market or flow to an underground farm to become feed, and the life health of people is seriously threatened. At present, the main treatment modes of domestic and foreign kitchen waste comprise: burning, composting, burying, making feed and anaerobic fermentation. Various treatment processes and equipment have also been invented. Such as application number: 201010224280.6 patent name is a comprehensive treatment method for preparing gas and fertilizer by utilizing kitchen waste. Application No.: 201110339482.X, the patent name is a process and equipment for united anaerobic treatment of municipal organic waste. Application No. 201210532285.4, the patent name kitchen waste recycling method, and the like all disclose that waste is divided into biogas after anaerobic fermentation, and biogas slurry and biogas residue are respectively treated and applied.

The biogas slurry is also called anaerobic fermentation liquid and is liquid residue of various organic matters such as human and animal excreta, crop straws, weeds and the like after anaerobic fermentation. The conventional nutrient components required by crops in the biogas slurry comprise a plurality of trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and the like, active organic components comprise phytohormones such as humic acid, indoleacetic acid, lactic acid bacteria, gibberellin, cytokinin and the like, B vitamins comprise B1, B2, B5, B6, B11 and B12, and also comprise a plurality of amino acids, proteins, hydrolytic enzymes, a plurality of inorganic acids, certain antibiotics and other organic molecules, and the components are coordinated with each other and exist in the biogas slurry in the form of quick-acting and biological pesticides, so that the biogas slurry can be directly and rapidly absorbed and kill harmful germs and worm eggs to promote the growth of the crops, flowers and other plants, and the biogas slurry can also be a medical fertilizer.

However, the content of the effective components in the biogas slurry is low, the concentration is generally about 10%, and the balance is free water, plant fibers, silt, bacteria, clay, colloid, pesticide residues, suspended matters and organic matters containing fishy smell, so that the dosage is large and the effect is poor when the biogas slurry is used as crop fertilizer, and farmers are much reluctant to use the biogas slurry as fertilizer. If the biogas slurry is discharged everywhere, not only resources are wasted, but also the environment is polluted, and if the biogas slurry is treated according to sewage, the cost is high and the treatment is difficult. The biogas slurry is directly applied to plants such as crops, flowers and the like, which is not in accordance with agricultural sanitation standards, can cause secondary pollution to farmlands, and can also cause adverse effects on growth conditions and growth environments, moreover, the amount of the directly applied biogas slurry is relatively large, so that the transportation cost and labor intensity of the biogas slurry are increased, and even in the non-fertilizer season, the biogas slurry cannot be fully utilized, and the redundant biogas slurry is discharged in a non-sequential manner to cause environmental pollution and waste, so that in order to avoid disease propagation and soil pollution, the biogas slurry can be used after being further processed and treated as a fertilizer.

The poisoning event caused by the problem that a large amount of pesticide residues exceed the standard arouses the high attention of people on the safe production of the Chinese chives. Many agricultural practitioners are aware of the severity of the events, are willing to search for an environment-friendly method, and research some biological preparations for preventing and controlling the Chinese chive maggots, but because of higher cost and inferior effect to chemical pesticides, the biological preparations are not popularized and applied effectively in a large range.

Therefore, how to kill the Chinese chive maggots effectively and cheaply and improve the safety of food so that people can eat the Chinese chives at ease is one of the important subjects studied by technicians in the field. The generation of kitchen waste seriously tests the current environment bearing capacity, the waste is treated in time and then classified and reasonably utilized, and the waste is turned into wealth.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to meet the requirements of governing the Chinese chive maggots and fully utilizing biogas slurry, the embodiment of the invention provides a pesticide liquid for preventing and treating the Chinese chive maggots, and a preparation method and application thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for preparing pesticide for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots by utilizing biogas slurry, which comprises the steps of adding a flocculating agent into the biogas slurry which is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, uniformly stirring, standing for 5-8h, taking supernate, adding traditional Chinese medicine liquid into the supernate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the pesticide, wherein the volume ratio of the supernate to the traditional Chinese medicine liquid is 3:1-4: 3.

In the prior art, biogas slurry generated by treating kitchen waste can be used, but the biogas slurry is required to be taken from a biogas fermentation tank which normally generates gas for more than 3 months and ferments the kitchen waste.

The traditional Chinese medicine in the pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots comprises the following raw medicinal materials: humulus scandens, rhizoma atractylodis, honeysuckle, purslane, walnut leaves, cockscomb, swallowtail, canna edulis and sargentgloryvine stem.

The pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 15-20 parts of scandent hop, 5-10 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 20-26 parts of honeysuckle, 13-18 parts of purslane, 5-12 parts of walnut leaves, 3-8 parts of cockscomb, 12-21 parts of swallowtail, 7-14 parts of bamboo leaves and 12-16 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

The pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 15 parts of scandent hop, 8 parts of swordlike atractylodes rhizome, 26 parts of honeysuckle flower, 18 parts of purslane, 11 parts of walnut leaf, 3 parts of cockscomb, 16 parts of swallowtail, 14 parts of bamboo leaves and 12 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

The pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 18 parts of scandent hop, 10 parts of swordlike atractylodes rhizome, 23 parts of honeysuckle flower, 15 parts of purslane, 5 parts of walnut leaf, 6 parts of cockscomb, 21 parts of swallowtail, 7 parts of bamboo leaves and 14 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

The pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 20 parts of humulus scandens, 5 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 20 parts of honeysuckle, 13 parts of purslane, 12 parts of walnut leaves, 8 parts of cockscomb, 12 parts of swallowtail, 10 parts of canna and 16 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

The biogas slurry is taken from a fermentation tank which normally produces gas for more than 3 months and utilizes kitchen waste to ferment.

The flocculant is polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, the adding amount of the polyaluminium chloride in the biogas slurry is 3.2-3.3g/L, and the adding amount of the polyacrylamide in the biogas slurry is 0.01-0.015 g/L.

The preparation method of the liquid medicine comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing humulus scandens, swallow tail, rhizoma atractylodis and honeysuckle in proportion to obtain a mixture I, slowly percolating at the speed of 0.3-0.8ml per minute by using ethanol with the alcohol concentration of 70-80% as a solvent by a percolation method, collecting percolate, concentrating under reduced pressure and drying to obtain a dry paste I, and crushing the dry paste I into powder I, wherein the mass of the added ethanol is 3-5 times of that of the mixture I;

secondly, mixing purslane, walnut leaves, celosia cristata, canna edulis and sargentgloryvine stem in proportion to obtain a second mixture, adding distilled water which is 9-10 times of the second mixture in mass, decocting for 2-4 hours, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding distilled water with the mass being 3-5 times of that of the filter residue into the filter residue, decocting for 1-2 hours, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate; mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure, drying to obtain dry extract, and pulverizing into powder II;

and thirdly, mixing the powder I obtained in the first step and the powder II obtained in the second step, adding distilled water in an amount which is 3-5 times of the mass of the mixed powder and honey in an amount which is 0.5-0.8 times of the mass of the mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid.

The preparation method of the liquid medicine comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw medicinal materials according to the proportion, adding a proper amount of water, wherein the water consumption is 6-10 times of the total weight of the raw materials, and soaking for 1-2 hours;

step two: decocting the soaked raw medicinal materials with strong fire, continuing to decoct with slow fire for 1-2 hours, filtering to obtain a first filtrate and filter residues, adding water which is 3-4 times of the weight of the filter residues into the filter residues, decocting for 0.5-1 hour, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, and uniformly mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the prevention and treatment method has low cost, solves the problem of treatment of the product after the garbage treatment by utilizing the biogas slurry generated by the kitchen garbage, has low cost and changes waste into valuable. The biogas slurry is used as an effective organic fertilizer source for planting the Chinese chives, provides nutrients required by the growth of the Chinese chives, and effectively improves the yield and quality of the Chinese chives. Has no toxicity and harm to human and livestock, is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free, does not damage the nature and pollute the environment, and can replace the chemical and chemical synthetic pesticides currently used in China. The invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple manufacturing process, low energy consumption and low preparation cost. The leek has no pesticide residue, and the edible safety problem of the leek is solved.

The prevention and treatment effect is stable, and after the prevention and treatment method is used in a large-area experiment, the prevention and treatment effect of the Chinese chive maggots is good, the Chinese chive maggots are not damaged at present, the yield of the Chinese chives can be increased, the Chinese chives can be used in each period of crop growth, the application habits of farmers are met, and a safe interval period is not needed.

Detailed Description

Aiming at the problems of poor effect, high pesticide residue and high cost of the existing pesticide in the treatment of Chinese chive maggots, the invention provides a method for preparing a pesticide for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots by utilizing biogas slurry.

The pharmacology of each traditional Chinese medicine raw material in the pesticide is as follows:

humulus scandens: is named as Lala seedling, Lala vine, radix Cayratiae Japonicae, LECAOCAO, DAYEWUJIAOLONG, LAGUODAN, and caulis seu radix caulis Sargentodoxae. Is derived from whole plant of Humulus scandens of Humulus of Moraceae. Sweet, bitter and cold in nature and taste. Clear heat and remove toxicity, induce diuresis and alleviate edema. Can be used for treating pulmonary tuberculosis hectic fever, gastroenteritis, dysentery, common cold, fever, dysuresia, pyelonephritis, acute nephritis, cystitis, and urinary calculus; it is used externally to treat carbuncle, furuncle, swelling, eczema and snake bite.

Rhizoma atractylodis: the two names are red atractylodes (ceramic Hongjing), common artichoke (the legend to the legend), blue atractylodes (the length of the book of Han dynasty in Water), and Xian shu (the compendium). Is rhizome of Atractylodes lancea or Atractylodes chinensis of Compositae. It enters spleen and stomach meridians. The functions are mainly to strengthen the spleen, eliminate dampness, relieve depression and avoid dirty. It is used to treat excessive dampness encumbering the spleen, lassitude, sleepiness, abdominal distention, anorexia, emesis, diarrhea, dysentery, malaria, phlegm retention, edema, common cold, arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness, foot flaccidity, and night blindness.

Honeysuckle flower: sweet and cold in nature. It enters lung, heart and stomach meridians. Clear heat and remove toxicity, cool and disperse wind-heat. Can be used for treating carbuncle, furuncle, sore throat, erysipelas, toxic heat, dysentery, wind-heat type common cold, epidemic febrile disease, and fever.

Purslane: sour and cold. Clear heat and promote diuresis, cool blood and remove toxicity. Can be used for treating bacillary dysentery, acute gastroenteritis, acute appendicitis, mastitis, hemorrhoid hemorrhage, and leucorrhea; it is used externally to treat furuncle, eczema and herpes zoster.

Walnut leaves: basic sources of medicinal materials: is leaf of Juglans regia L of Juglandaceae. Bitter; astringency; the nature is mild. Stopping leukorrhagia; killing parasites and relieving swelling. Leucorrhea of housewife; scabies; elephant skin leg.

Herba Pteridis Multifidae: the Chinese medicinal materials are called phoenix-tail fern (standby for raw herb property), phoenix-tail fern (recorded in Lingnan herbal medicine), trifoliate-leaf furetia (recorded in Guangzhou plant), small phoenix-tail fern, emerald green grass (recorded in Lingnan herbal medicine), mountain phoenix-tail fern and Jingbian madder (recorded in Guangdong Chinese medicine). Is whole plant of Pteris stenoptera (L.) Hance of Pteridaceae. Light and slightly bitter taste and cold nature. Clear heat, promote diuresis, cool blood and remove toxicity. It can be used for treating dysentery, malaria, jaundice, gonorrhea, hematochezia, metrorrhagia, traumatic injury, tonsillitis, parotitis, skin sore, and eczema.

Swallow tail: its name is Kaliu shovel leaf and Kazu ling. The herba Swertiae Mileensis of Passiflorae family is prepared from whole herbs. Bitter, slightly sweet and warm. Tonifying lung and qi, diminishing inflammation and sterilizing. It can be used for treating dysentery, pulmonary tuberculosis, and bronchitis. Throwing into a manure pit and a sewage pond to kill maggots and wigglers.

B, canna edulis: another name is Goyan (Dai name). Root tuber or stem of canna edulis of the family Marantaceae. Bland and cool. Clearing away heat and toxic material, relieving cough and asthma, diminishing inflammation and sterilizing. It can be used for treating pulmonary tuberculosis, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, hyperpyrexia, infantile measles, pneumonia, common cold, fever, and dermatoses.

Sargentgloryvine stem: distinguished New Linqin (plant record in Guangzhou), caulis et folium Physalis (herbal record in Luchuan), caulis Piperis Futokadsurae, herba Rubi Parvifolii, and caulis et folium Physalis (Chinese medicine record in Guangxi). Is root and leaf of Physalis alkekengi of Apocynaceae. Acid and neutral nature. It enters liver meridian. Clearing away heat and toxic material, removing dampness and resolving stagnation, promoting blood circulation and relieving swelling. Mainly treating sore throat; stomatitis; enteritis; chronic nephritis; food stagnation and fullness; carbuncle, swelling and sore; rheumatic arthralgia; swelling and pain from traumatic injury.

Polyaluminum chloride PAC: purchased from Guangyi water purification material works of strengthening market, yellow powdery solid, and the mass fraction of Al2O3 is about 30 percent.

Polyacrylamide PAM: purchased from the national medicine group, the relative molecular mass is more than 300 ten thousand, and the effective component is more than 85 percent.

The following embodiments are described in detail to solve the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and the implementation process of achieving the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.

Example 1

A method for preparing pesticide for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggot from biogas slurry comprises adding flocculating agent into biogas slurry which is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, stirring uniformly, standing for 5h, taking supernatant, adding Chinese medicinal liquid into the supernatant, and mixing uniformly to obtain pesticide, wherein the volume ratio of the supernatant to the Chinese medicinal liquid is 2: 1.

The traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 15kg of humulus scandens, 8kg of rhizoma atractylodis, 26kg of honeysuckle, 18kg of purslane, 11kg of walnut leaves, 3kg of celosia cristata, 16kg of swallowtail, 14kg of canna and 12kg of sargentgloryvine stem.

The biogas slurry is taken from a fermentation tank for fermenting kitchen waste by using the black stone kitchen waste treatment plant in Chongqing to normally produce gas for more than 3 months.

The flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, the adding amount of the polyaluminium chloride in the biogas slurry is 3.2g/L, and the adding amount of the polyacrylamide in the biogas slurry is 0.012 g/L.

The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing humulus scandens, swallow tail, rhizoma atractylodis and honeysuckle in proportion to obtain a mixture I, slowly percolating at the speed of 0.8ml per minute by using ethanol with the alcohol concentration of 70% as a solvent by a percolation method, collecting percolate, concentrating under reduced pressure and drying to obtain dry paste, and crushing the dry paste into powder I, wherein the mass of the added ethanol is 5 times of that of the mixture I;

secondly, mixing purslane, walnut leaves, celosia cristata, canna edulis and sargentgloryvine stem in proportion to obtain a second mixture, adding distilled water with the mass being 10 times of that of the second mixture, decocting for 2 hours, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding distilled water with the mass 5 times of that of the filter residue into the filter residue, decocting for 2 hours, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate; mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure, drying to obtain dry extract, and pulverizing into powder II;

and thirdly, mixing the powder I obtained in the first step and the powder II obtained in the second step, adding distilled water in an amount which is 3 times of the mass of the mixed powder and honey in an amount which is 0.5 times of the mass of the mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid.

Example 2

A method for preparing pesticide for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggot from biogas slurry comprises adding flocculating agent into biogas slurry which is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, stirring uniformly, standing for 6h, taking supernatant, adding Chinese medicinal liquid into the supernatant, and mixing uniformly to obtain pesticide, wherein the volume ratio of the supernatant to the Chinese medicinal liquid is 4: 3.

The traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 18kg of humulus scandens, 10kg of rhizoma atractylodis, 23kg of honeysuckle, 15kg of purslane, 5kg of walnut leaves, 6kg of celosia cristata, 21kg of swallowtail, 7kg of canna and 14kg of sargentgloryvine stem.

The biogas slurry is taken from a fermentation tank for fermenting kitchen waste by using the black stone kitchen waste treatment plant in Chongqing to normally produce gas for more than 3 months.

The flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, the adding amount of the polyaluminium chloride in the biogas slurry is 3.3g/L, and the adding amount of the polyacrylamide in the biogas slurry is 0.015 g/L.

The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing humulus scandens, swallow tail, rhizoma atractylodis and honeysuckle in proportion to obtain a mixture I, slowly percolating the mixture I by using ethanol with the alcohol concentration of 80% as a solvent at the speed of 0.3ml per minute by using a percolation method, collecting percolate, concentrating the percolate under reduced pressure and drying the percolate to obtain dry paste, and crushing the dry paste into powder I, wherein the mass of the added ethanol is 3 times that of the mixture I;

secondly, mixing purslane, walnut leaves, celosia cristata, canna edulis and sargentgloryvine stem in proportion to obtain a second mixture, adding distilled water with the mass being 9 times of that of the second mixture, decocting for 4 hours, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding distilled water with the mass being 3 times of that of the filter residue into the filter residue, decocting for 1 hour, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate; mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure, drying to obtain dry extract, and pulverizing into powder II;

and thirdly, mixing the powder I obtained in the first step and the powder II obtained in the second step, adding distilled water which is 5 times of the mass of the mixed powder and honey which is 0.8 times of the mass of the mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid.

Example 3

A method for preparing pesticide for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggot from biogas slurry comprises adding flocculating agent into biogas slurry which is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, uniformly stirring, standing for 8h, taking supernatant, adding Chinese medicinal liquid into the supernatant, and uniformly mixing to obtain pesticide, wherein the volume ratio of the supernatant to the Chinese medicinal liquid is 3: 1.

The traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises the following raw medicinal materials in parts by mass: 20kg of humulus scandens, 5kg of rhizoma atractylodis, 20kg of honeysuckle, 13kg of purslane, 12kg of walnut leaves, 8kg of celosia cristata, 12kg of swallowtail, 10kg of canna and 16kg of sargentgloryvine stem.

The biogas slurry is taken from a fermentation tank for fermenting kitchen waste by using the black stone kitchen waste treatment plant in Chongqing to normally produce gas for more than 3 months.

The adding amount of the cationic polyacrylamide in the biogas slurry is 0.1 percent of the mass of the biogas slurry.

The flocculant is polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, the adding amount of the polyaluminium chloride in the biogas slurry is 3.2g/L, and the adding amount of the polyacrylamide in the biogas slurry is 0.01 g/L.

The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw medicinal materials according to the proportion, adding a proper amount of water, wherein the water consumption is 8 times of the total weight of the raw materials, and soaking for 2 hours;

step two: decocting the soaked raw medicinal materials with strong fire, continuing to decoct with slow fire for 1 hour, filtering to obtain a first filtrate and filter residues, adding water with the weight being 3 times that of the filter residues into the filter residues, decocting for 1 hour, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, and uniformly mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid.

1. Test method

In a certain vegetable base of the Qingdao, the variety of the Chinese chives to be tested is single-rooted red, 20 cells are set for the test, 5 treatments are carried out, each treatment is repeated for 4, and the test area of each cell is 0.5 mu.

1-3 of the 5 treatments were each the use of the pesticides prepared in examples 1-3,

wherein the treatment 4 is the control group 1 and directly adopts biogas slurry treatment;

treatment 5 was blank control 2, blank was not treated by any method;

the irrigation method is root-by-root irrigation.

2. Survey content

Investigation of the plant damage rate: and counting the number of healthy plants and damaged plants (based on yellow, soft and lodging of leaf tips) by taking 10 piers in each row 2 in the center of the cell. Each of the tests was conducted 1 time before and 5, 12, 20 and 30d after the application of the drug, and the total number of the tests was 5 times.

Population base number investigation: the population base of the control area was randomly investigated before application.

Survival population survey: and finally 1 time of investigation, digging 5 piers of Chinese chives at the center of the cell, and counting the number of live maggots existing inside and outside the bulb. And recording the population number and calculating the population decline rate.

Damaged plant rate (%) = damaged plant number × 100/total investigated plant number;

control effect (%) = (control area damage rate-treatment area damage rate) × 100/control area damage rate;

the insect population control effect (%) = (number of living insects in a control area-number of living insects in a treatment area) × 100/number of living insects in the control area;

the results of the field pesticide effect test for preventing and controlling the Chinese chives maggots of each treatment are shown in the table 1, and the acre yield (kg) of the Chinese chives used in each example is shown in the table 2

TABLE 1 field test results of pesticide effect for preventing and controlling Chinese chive maggot

TABLE 2 yield (kg) of 1 mu leek after use in each example

	No. 1 application of the herb	Second crop	3 rd crop	4 th crop
					Example 1	1286	2720	2708	2695
Example 2	1279	2746	2723	2678
					Example 3	1320	2802	2759	2714
Control group 1	1295	1856	1947	1854
					Control group 2	1335	1267	1204	1092

The data show that the effect of preventing and controlling the Chinese chive maggots is very obvious, the Chinese chive plants grow vigorously, and the yield is increased remarkably. The treatment effect of the pesticide is obvious after the pesticide is applied, wherein the control group only applying biogas slurry has the effect of controlling the population of insects by 88.69%. However, the pesticide in the embodiment 1 has very obvious effect of controlling the Chinese chive maggots, and can even completely kill the Chinese chive maggots.

After the pesticide is applied, the yield of the Chinese chives per mu is obviously increased by more than 100 percent compared with the yield of the Chinese chives per mu subjected to Chinese chive maggot pests before, and is increased by more than 40 percent compared with the yield of the Chinese chives per mu only applied with the biogas slurry. It can be seen that the synergistic effect of the pesticide of the invention is obviously enhanced.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (5)

1. The pesticide for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots is characterized by comprising pretreated biogas slurry and liquid medicine, wherein the volume ratio of the pretreated biogas slurry to the liquid medicine is 3:1-4: 3; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the pretreated biogas slurry comprises the following components: adding a flocculating agent into the biogas slurry which is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, uniformly stirring, and standing for 5-8h to obtain a supernatant; the flocculant is polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, the adding amount of the polyaluminium chloride in the biogas slurry is 3.2-3.3g/L, and the adding amount of the polyacrylamide in the biogas slurry is 0.01-0.015 g/L;

the liquid medicine is prepared from the following raw materials: 15-20 parts of scandent hop, 5-10 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 20-26 parts of honeysuckle, 13-18 parts of purslane, 5-12 parts of walnut leaves, 3-8 parts of cockscomb, 12-21 parts of swallowtail, 7-14 parts of bamboo leaves and 12-16 parts of sargentgloryvine stem;

the preparation method of the liquid medicine comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing humulus scandens, swallow tail, rhizoma atractylodis and honeysuckle in proportion to obtain a mixture I, slowly percolating at the speed of 0.3-0.8ml per minute by using ethanol with the alcohol concentration of 70-80% as a solvent by a percolation method, collecting percolate, concentrating under reduced pressure and drying to obtain a dry paste I, and crushing the dry paste I into powder I, wherein the mass of the added ethanol is 3-5 times of that of the mixture I;

secondly, mixing purslane, walnut leaves, celosia cristata, canna edulis and sargentgloryvine stem in proportion to obtain a second mixture, adding distilled water which is 9-10 times of the second mixture in mass, decocting for 2-4 hours, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding distilled water with the mass being 3-5 times of that of the filter residue into the filter residue, decocting for 1-2 hours, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate; mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure, drying to obtain dry extract, and pulverizing into powder II;

thirdly, mixing the powder I obtained in the first step and the powder II obtained in the second step, adding distilled water in an amount which is 3-5 times of the mass of the mixed powder and honey in an amount which is 0.5-0.8 times of the mass of the mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a liquid medicine;

or the preparation method of the liquid medicine comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw medicinal materials according to the proportion, adding a proper amount of water, wherein the water consumption is 6-10 times of the total weight of the raw materials, and soaking for 1-2 hours;

step two: decocting the soaked raw medicinal materials with strong fire, continuing to decoct with slow fire for 1-2 hours, filtering to obtain a first filtrate and filter residue, adding water which is 3-4 times of the weight of the filter residue into the filter residue, decocting for 0.5-1 hour, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, and uniformly mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain the liquid medicine.

2. The pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the liquid medicine comprises the following raw material medicines in parts by mass: 15 parts of scandent hop, 8 parts of swordlike atractylodes rhizome, 26 parts of honeysuckle flower, 18 parts of purslane, 11 parts of walnut leaf, 3 parts of cockscomb, 16 parts of swallowtail, 14 parts of bamboo leaves and 12 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

3. The pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the liquid medicine comprises the following raw material medicines in parts by mass: 18 parts of scandent hop, 10 parts of swordlike atractylodes rhizome, 23 parts of honeysuckle flower, 15 parts of purslane, 5 parts of walnut leaf, 6 parts of cockscomb, 21 parts of swallowtail, 7 parts of bamboo leaves and 14 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

4. The pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the liquid medicine comprises the following raw material medicines in parts by mass: 20 parts of humulus scandens, 5 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 20 parts of honeysuckle, 13 parts of purslane, 12 parts of walnut leaves, 8 parts of cockscomb, 12 parts of swallowtail, 10 parts of canna and 16 parts of sargentgloryvine stem.

5. Use of the pesticide of any one of claims 1 to 4 for the control of Chinese chive maggots.