CN108283152A - Artificial propagation method for schizothorax grahami - Google Patents

Artificial propagation method for schizothorax grahami Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108283152A
CN108283152A CN201810262715.2A CN201810262715A CN108283152A CN 108283152 A CN108283152 A CN 108283152A CN 201810262715 A CN201810262715 A CN 201810262715A CN 108283152 A CN108283152 A CN 108283152A
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artificial
water
days
fish
schizothoracin
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胡佳祥
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Wuhan Sinoeco Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Sinoeco Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/17Hatching, e.g. incubators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an artificial propagation method of schizothorax grahami, which comprises the following steps: collecting parent fishes, domesticating the parent fishes, carrying out intensive cultivation, selecting the parent fishes, artificially hastening parturition, still hatching and cultivating seedlings. The method realizes the artificial domestication and maturation of the filament schizothorax fish in the circulating water system under the full-artificial control condition, realizes the oviposition and insemination of the filament schizothorax fish by the way of artificial hormone injection, and finishes the incubation of fertilized eggs and the seed cultivation by using related facility equipment in the circulating water system, obtains higher incubation rate of the fertilized eggs and the survival rate of the seeds, and provides a technical basis for the artificial proliferation and releasing of the filament schizothorax fish.

Description

A kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for cultivation of fish more particularly to a kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation methods.
Background technology
Long filament schizothoracin (Schizothorax dolichonema) is under the jurisdiction of Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae), Schizothoracinae (Schizothoracinae), Schizothorax.It is mainly distributed on the Lancang River, Jinsha jiang River and Yalongjiang River water system.Long filament schizothoracin is Upper Yangtze River Endemic fish, long filament schizothoracin quilt《Chinese species Red List》It is recorded as endangered species (EN), is Sichuan Province's weight Point protection fish are the Main Commercial Fishes in producing region.
Long filament schizothoracin body is slightly long, slightly flat-sided;Blunt circle is kissed, mouth is the next, slightly arc-shaped;Lower jaw has sharp keen cutin side Edge;Must be 2 pairs, length is almost equal, is all higher than a diameter;Dorsal fin thorn is strong;Body has apparent scale, breeding season by thin squama, chest Milter, which kisses end, has pearl star;Body back side is in cinerous or taupe, and abdomen is white, and tail fin is slightly red;Live in mountain area flow more In relatively slow broad valley river, the more gravels in river bed, water is limpid;Often it is food with diatom, cyanobacteria, also ingests green alga and some bottoms are dwelt no ridge Vertebrate;Growth speed is slow, and raun general 4 age, breeding season Chang Jiqun did short distance migration, breeding period up to sexal maturity Mostly in 3~April.
Currently, long filament schizothoracin causes its aquatic life because of the reasons such as construction of overfishing, environmental pollution, hydraulic engineering Border atrophy, stock number are decreased obviously.But it is to the research of long filament schizothoracin rarely seen to its genealogical classification, geographical distribution etc. Report.Carry out long mitogen abdomen artificial propagation, fry seed is provided, enhancement releasing and artificial breeding is carried out, to long filament schizothoracin object The protection of kind and promotion local economic development are all of great significance.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to above-mentioned present situation, a kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method is provided.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention:A kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method, step include:
S1 parent populations acquire:Long filament schizothoracin is acquired, 20ppm Ms-222 tranquillizers are added, is transported using fish tank car oxygenation, and There is the individual of wound to carry out isolation cultivation body surface, individual is normally transferred to circulation and is cultivated after isolation is cultivated;
S2 parent populations are tamed:Into after the circulation 3 days, starts to feed a small amount of water earthworm, start to feed after 7 days Parent population material is removed contamination in time after waiting fishes to ingest, and periodically disinfection is prevented and cured diseases, and ensures long water state, water body day exchange capacity must not be less than 500%;
S3 reinforced cultivatings:When parent population by S2 tame 2 years after, when ripe ratio reaches 30~40%, in the Spring Festival 2~3 It increases the amount of flush water of the circulation by the moon, while feeding suitable animal bait daily and increasing ability intake;In addition, wanting It is capped sunshade net, the living environment kept quite;
S4 parent fish selections:Parent population answers stalwartness without wound, and sexual gland reaches full growth;Raun abdomen obviously expands, soft, flexible, Gonopore obviously protrudes, ruddy;Milter abdomen is relatively small, has apparent Zhu Xing on rhynchodaenm and fin, and anal fin fin ray is flourishing, tool There is apparent zigzag, gently squeezing abdomen has the outflow of milky sperm, and can scatter quickly in water;Female-male proportion is 1:2;
S5 artificial induced spawnings:Oxytocic drug is added, the oxytocic drug uses pectoral fin to inject at twice, and needle gage is 24 hours, First needle injection amount is the 1/10 of accumulated dose, and milter accounting is made to halve;The aquatic environment for adjusting the circulation is water 14~15 DEG C, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more of temperature, pH value 7.6~8.0 are female when having when every two hours whether inspection once has raun ovulation When fish starts ovulation, start dry method of artificial fertilization;
S6 artificial incubation:After completing artificial insemination, fertilized eggs are stood 5 minutes, add clear water to rinse 2~3 times, drift is gone Impurity and residual sperm;Then Lotic hatching is carried out in merging self-control hatching frame, dead ovum is periodically chosen during hatching;In the institute of S5 It states under condition of water quality, fertilized eggs start membrane after lasting 9 days;
S7 seed rearings:Continuation is cultivated in hatching frame, and the nurturing period keeps water body to exchange, and the depth of water keeps 15~20cm, 14~15 DEG C of water temperature, pH value 7.6~8.0 do not feed bait;8~9 days after membrane, artemia nauplii is selected to carry out opening throwing Hello, prelarva is transferred in net cage after feeding 15 days and is cultivated, starts simultaneously at and feeds microcapsule feedstuff, it feeds day 3 times, feeding volume is prelarva The 5% of weight.
The present invention effect be:For the artificial fecundation method of fish, the method is realized in full manual control item Under part, domestication's maturation to long filament schizothoracin is completed in circulation, it is real by way of manual injection's hormone Existing long filament schizothoracin completes oviposition, insemination, and using related facility equipment in circulation complete hatching to fertilized eggs and The cultivation of seed, and higher hatchability of fertile eggs and seed survival rate are achieved, it is released for the artificial fecundation of long filament schizothoracin Provide technical foundation.
Specific implementation mode
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit Determine the scope of the present invention.
A kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method provided by the invention, step are:
S1 parent populations acquire
It is caught using net and acquires long filament schizothoracin parent population from Jinsha jiang River middle and upper reaches with the method for electric fishing, add 20ppm Ms-222 Tranquillizer is transported with fish tank car oxygenation;Check parent population there is the individual of wound to carry out smearing Asia body surface behind transport to interior Methyl blue, then with 2% salt and 2,400,000 IU/ hundred jin waters occrycetin impregnate 15 minutes after, be transferred to chamber inner diameter 3m, depth of water 0.9m circular glass cylinder in, temporarily supported with isolation of system;It is impregnated 2 hours, is prevented small with 2ppm methylene blues after 3 days Melonworm impregnates 3 hours prevention bacteriosis after 5 days with 0.6ppm povidone iodine.Quarantine feeds a small amount of water earthworm daily, Parent population is observed after 10 days, such as adapt to indoor culture environment, body surface wound healing, without parasitic infection, ingesting normally proceeds to Circulation is cultivated.
S2 parent populations are tamed
After parent population enters system cultivated workshop 3 days, start to feed a small amount of water earthworm;Start to feed parent population material (sea after 7 days It is big 6602/4.0), feed the 1.5~2.0% of fish body weight according to parent population situation of ingesting;Equal fishes are removed contamination in time after ingesting, and are periodically disappeared Poison is prevented and cured diseases, and ensures long water state, water body day exchange capacity must not be less than 500%.
S3 reinforced cultivatings
Parent population is after cultivation in 3~4 years, and after ripe ratio reaches 30~40%, parent fish pond punching is increased in 2~March of the Spring Festival Water promotes its gonad development (for long filament Schizothorax in torrent fish, flow is most important to its gonad development);It is every simultaneously It feeds suitable animal bait and increases ability intake;In addition, to be capped sunshade net, the living environment kept quite prevents Parent population generates stress reaction, and sexual gland is made to degenerate.
S4 parent fish selections
Parent population answers stalwartness without wound, and sexual gland reaches full growth;Raun abdomen obviously expands, and soft, flexible, gonopore is obviously dashed forward Go out, it is ruddy;Milter abdomen is relatively small, has apparent Zhu Xing on rhynchodaenm and fin, and anal fin fin ray is flourishing, has apparent sawtooth Shape, gently squeezing abdomen has the outflow of milky sperm, and can scatter quickly in water;Female-male proportion is 1:2.
S5 artificial induced spawnings
Oxytocic drug selects carp pituitary (PG), human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), luteinizing hormone releasing hormone similar Object (LRH-A3) three kinds be used in mixed way, drug uses pectoral fin to inject at twice, and needle gage is 24 hours, and the first needle injection amount is total The 1/10 of dosage, agent dose of hastening parturition are 6mg/kg PG, 20ug/kg LRH-A3, 1000HCG, milter halves.
Under 14~15 DEG C, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more of water temperature, 7.6~8.0 condition of water quality of pH value, when reaching intended effect Between after (20 hours), start to check parent population sperm drainage oviposition phenomenon (every 2 hours primary), when find to have raun ovulate phenomenon when (28 ~30 hours), artificial dry method insemination is carried out immediately:Raun to be produced first is caught out, head is wrapped with wet towel, is wiped with dry towel Dry abdomen is squeezed into ovum to anus moisture in dry container;Then milter to be produced is caught, anus moisture is dried, by sperm It squeezes on ovum, is gently mixed with feather and sperm and ovum are mixed into (stirring 1 minute) rapidly, then plus clear water activates.
S6 artificial incubation
After completing artificial insemination, fertilized eggs are stood 5 minutes, clear water is added to rinse 2~3 times, drift decontamination and residual essence Liquid;Then (50cm × 50cm × 20cm) carries out Lotic hatching in merging self-control hatching frame, and dead ovum is periodically chosen during hatching; Water temperature is 14~15 DEG C, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, and under the conditions of pH value is 7.6~8.0, fertilized eggs start membrane after lasting 9 days.
S7 seed rearings
Newly hatched larvae yolk bag is larger, reposes in the bottom, continuation is cultivated in hatching frame, and the nurturing period keeps water body to hand over more It changes, the depth of water keeps 15~20cm, 14~15 DEG C of water temperature, pH value 7.6~8.0 not to feed bait;8~9 days after membrane, prelarva opens Begin after flat trip, enteron aisle perforation, select artemia nauplii to carry out opening and feed, is transferred to prelarva after feeding 15 days a diameter of small-sized It makes by oneself in net cage (1.5m × 1.5m × 0.5m) and cultivates, start simultaneously at and feed microcapsule feedstuff, feed day 3 times, feeding volume is prelarva The 5% of weight.
Final experimental result:2010~2014 years, in Jinsha jiang River, middle and upper reaches collected 100 tail of long filament schizothoracin parent population, domestication Survival rate is 92%.It picks out ripe better 12 tail of long filament schizothoracin of sexual gland in 3~April in 2016 and carries out artificial induced spawning, Wherein 4 tail of raun, 8 tail of milter, Effect time 28~30 hours obtain fertilized eggs 6.5 ten thousand, the average oviposition 1.63 per tail altogether Wan Li, spawning rate 100%, rate of fertilization 92.6%, hatching rate 82.3% obtain 4.9 ten thousand tail of newly hatched larvae.Newly hatched larvae overall length 9.91 ± 0.44mm, 7 age in days prelarva overall length 12.77 ± 0.18mm, 42 age in days 26.74 ± 0.28mm of prelarva overall length, 78 ages in days are young 30.18 ± 0.42mm of fish overall length;180 age in days juvenile fish, 71.10 ± 2.30mm of overall length, average weight (3.5 ± 0.51) g.2017 On August 15, provides fry 10,000 tail, realizes long mitogen abdomen for the fish multiplication station enhancement releasing activity of Jinsha jiang River middle reaches theatre Fish artificial fecundation releases.
For the artificial fecundation method of fish, the method realizes under full manual control condition, in circulating water Domestication's maturation to long filament schizothoracin is completed in system, by way of manual injection's hormone, realizes that long filament schizothoracin is complete It completes to the hatching of fertilized eggs and the cultivation of seed, and takes at oviposition, insemination, and using related facility equipment in circulation Higher hatchability of fertile eggs and seed survival rate were obtained, releases for the artificial fecundation of long filament schizothoracin and provides technical foundation.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method, which is characterized in that step includes:
S1 parent populations acquire:Long filament schizothoracin is acquired, 20ppm Ms-222 tranquillizers are added, is transported using fish tank car oxygenation, and to body Table has the individual of wound to carry out isolation cultivation, and individual is normally transferred to circulation and is cultivated after isolation is cultivated;
S2 parent populations are tamed:Into after the circulation 3 days, starts to feed water earthworm, start to feed parent population material after 7 days, etc. Fish is removed contamination in time after ingesting, and periodically disinfection is prevented and cured diseases, and ensures long water state, water body day exchange capacity must not be less than 500%;
S3 reinforced cultivatings:Parent population by S2 tame 2 years after, when the ripe ratio of parent population reaches 30~40%, the Spring Festival 2~ It increases the amount of flush water of the circulation March, while feeding suitable animal bait daily and increasing ability intake;In addition, It is capped sunshade net, the living environment kept quite;
S4 parent fish selections:Parent population should meet the following conditions:Stalwartness is without wound, and sexual gland reaches full growth, raun abdomen expands significantly, pine Soft, flexible, gonopore protrusion is notable and ruddy, milter abdomen is relatively small, has apparent Zhu Xing, anal fin on rhynchodaenm and fin Fin ray is flourishing, has apparent zigzag, and gently crowded abdomen has the outflow of milky sperm, and can scatter quickly in water;And it controls Female-male proportion is 1:2;
S5 artificial induced spawnings:Oxytocic drug is added, the oxytocic drug uses pectoral fin to inject at twice, and needle gage is 24 hours, and the One needle injection amount is the 1/10 of accumulated dose, and milter accounting is made to halve;The aquatic environment for adjusting the circulation is water temperature 14~15 DEG C, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, pH value 7.6~8.0 every two hours checks once when whether having raun ovulation, when there is raun When starting ovulation, start dry method of artificial fertilization;
S6 artificial incubation:After completing artificial insemination, fertilized eggs are stood 5 minutes, clear water is added to rinse 2~3 times, float decontamination With residual sperm;Then Lotic hatching is carried out in merging self-control hatching frame, dead ovum is periodically chosen during hatching;In the water of S5 Under the conditions of matter, fertilized eggs start membrane after lasting 9 days;
S7 seed rearings:Continuation is cultivated in hatching frame, and the nurturing period keeps water body to exchange, and the depth of water keeps 15~20cm, water temperature 14~15 DEG C, pH value 7.6~8.0 does not feed bait;8~9 days after membrane, selects artemia nauplii to carry out opening and feed, throw Prelarva is transferred in net cage after feeding 15 days and is cultivated, starts simultaneously at and feeds microcapsule feedstuff, feed day 3 times, feeding volume is prelarva weight 5%.
2. a kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, first to body Table has the individual of wound to carry out smearing methylene blue, then impregnates 15 with 2% salt and the occrycetin of 2,400,000 IU/ hundred jin waters It is isolated after minute and cultivates, isolation is impregnated after being impregnated 2 hours, 5 days with 2ppm methylene blues after cultivating 3 days with 0.6ppm povidone iodine 3 hours.
3. a kind of long filament schizothoracin artificial fecundation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to hasten parturition in S5 Drug is by 6mg/kg carps pituitary (PG), 1000 human chorionic gonadtropins (HCG), 20ug/kg luteinizing hormone releasing hormones Analog (LRH-A3) mix.
CN201810262715.2A 2018-03-28 2018-03-28 Artificial propagation method for schizothorax grahami Pending CN108283152A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109644902A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-19 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 A kind of Lhasa schizothoracin artificial breeding method
CN111919796A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-13 西南大学 Method for adjusting propagation cycle of Lasa schizothorax prenanti
CN111972324A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-11-24 四川律贝生物科技有限公司 Breeding and artificial propagation method of schizothorax prenanti

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109644902A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-19 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 A kind of Lhasa schizothoracin artificial breeding method
CN111919796A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-13 西南大学 Method for adjusting propagation cycle of Lasa schizothorax prenanti
CN111972324A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-11-24 四川律贝生物科技有限公司 Breeding and artificial propagation method of schizothorax prenanti

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Application publication date: 20180717