CN107711611B - Low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for Taiwan loaches - Google Patents
Low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for Taiwan loaches Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for Taiwan loaches, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps: (1) breeding loaches before birth: selecting commercial loaches which grow fast and are robust individually from first-filial generation 1-year old loaches in advance as parent loaches, and intensively culturing for 0.5-3 months, (2) selecting the parent loaches, wherein the water temperature reaches 18 ℃, and respectively placing each group of parent loaches of male and female loaches in parent loach grading screening jars for screening and matching; (3) artificial hasten parturition; (4) artificial insemination; (5) and (5) nursing the parent loaches after delivery. The parent loaches are effectively selected, the synchronous maturity of male and female loaches and the same parent loaches is improved, the yield acceleration rate, the seedling emergence uniformity rate and the artificial propagation efficiency are improved, and the death loss of the artificially propagated parent loaches is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial breeding of loaches, in particular to a low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding and seedling method of Taiwan loaches.
Background
The loach feed is directly introduced into the continent from Taiwan in 2012, has the characteristics of large individual, high growth speed, high yield, no mud drilling, basically no difference in sizes of male and female individuals, strong immunity, low feed coefficient and the like, is popular in China in recent years, and occupies the half-wall Jiangshan for loach culture. An artificial propagation test of Taiwan loach [ J ]. Hebei fishery, 2014(9): 43-46.; the artificial propagation of Taiwan loaches flowers all the time in mainland China, but the artificial propagation of parent loaches is not appropriate, and the mortality rate is high after the parent loaches are bred, the male killing and sperm collection and the parent loaches are bred, which is always an important reason for the high breeding cost. At present, some reports about artificial propagation of the variety are reported in scientific and technological literature and invention patents, but some reports lack certain theoretical basis and some reports are not in line with actual production. There is no clear report on how to effectively select parent loaches, avoid killing males and taking sperm, and reduce death rate of the parent loaches (particularly female loaches) after delivery, thereby reducing propagation loss and improving propagation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for the Taiwan loaches is provided, and the purposes of effectively selecting parent loaches, avoiding killing males and extracting sperm, reducing the death rate of the postpartum parent loaches (particularly female loaches), reducing the breeding loss and improving the breeding efficiency are achieved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for Taiwan loaches comprises the following steps: (1) breeding loaches before birth: selecting commercial loaches which grow fast and are strong individually from first-filial generation 1-year old fish as breeding loaches one year ahead of time, and feeding feed with the crude protein content of 30% -45% in autumn for intensive cultivation; before the propagation season comes in the next year, when the water temperature reaches more than 12 ℃, feeding soaked wheat or crushed corn, soaked bean cake and pellet feed according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, feeding according to 0.5-5% of the weight of loach according to weather and fish eating conditions, simultaneously mixing 0.1-1% of fish in the feed with multi-vitamin, carrying out intensive cultivation for 0.5-3 months, flushing for 1-6 h every day, and keeping running water; (2) selecting the breeding loaches, namely fishing the breeding loaches from a breeding loach culture pond when the water temperature reaches 18 ℃, classifying males and females according to the length of 2.5cm, and then selectingThen, putting each group of parent loaches of the male and female in a parent loach grading screening jar respectively for screening and matching; (3) artificial hastening parturition: firstly, anaesthetizing parent loaches with 180-220 mg/L MS-222 anaesthetic, and after the parent loaches are anaesthetized, starting injecting mixed oxytocic hormone, wherein the dosage of the male fishes is reduced by half; after the injection is finished, putting parent loaches into an induced spawning pond to wait for resuscitation and ripening estrus; (4) artificial insemination: after ripening and estrus, narcotizing the parent loaches according to the step (3), wiping off water in the loaches, and manually extruding sperms and eggs; when artificial semen is squeezed, sucking semen by a suction pipe, diluting the semen according to a ratio of 1:100 until the liquid is cooled at a low temperature for later use; carrying out artificial insemination under a shading condition, wiping the mature female loaches to be dry by one person, wrapping the mature female loaches with a towel, exposing belly skin, slightly squeezing the belly, and squeezing mature eggs into a dry white enamel tray; the other person pours the squeezed and diluted semen on the ovum; thirdly, the third person uses hands to shake the porcelain plate lightly, uses feathers to stir lightly for a plurality of seconds, then adds a small amount of clear water for semi-dry insemination for 2 minutes, rinses the fertilized eggs, and puts the fertilized eggs into a microflow water incubation cylinder for incubation; (5) and (3) nursing postpartum parent loaches: immediately putting the female loaches into clear water to remove anesthesia after egg extrusion is finished, putting the female loaches into a sterilized temporary rearing pond to temporarily rearing after foam is cleared, and adding 15-30 mg/m into the temporary rearing pond3Astragalus polysaccharide with concentration of 0.18-0.25 g/m3And (3) carrying out electrolytic multi-dimensional soaking for 1-3 days. Putting the postpartum parent loaches into a postpartum recovery pond for feeding recovery, adding astragalus polysaccharide, electrolytic multi-dimensional and florfenicol into the feed according to the amount of 0.1-0.2 g/kg, 1-2 g/kg and 10-15 mg/kg respectively during recovery feeding, and continuously feeding for 1 week; then stopping using the astragalus polysaccharide and the florfenicol, mixing the astragalus polysaccharide and the florfenicol in the feed, and continuously feeding the fish for 3 weeks by using the multivitamins; the water quality of the rehabilitation pond is kept fresh and the local running water environment is kept all the time.
The loach breeding selection standard is as follows: male loaches are selected according to the weight of more than 50g and the body length of more than 20cm, female loaches are selected according to the weight of more than 60g and the body length of more than 20 cm.
And the parent loach is classified, screened and matched: putting the female and male parent fishes in different flow velocity areas in corresponding different batches according to high-grade, medium-grade and resisting third-grade to hasten parturition and breed, preferentially selecting the female loaches in the low-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in the high-grade flow velocity area to hasten parturition and breed for the first time, matching the female loaches in the medium-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in the medium-grade flow velocity area to hasten parturition and breed, putting the female loaches in the high-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in the low-grade flow velocity area into the parent fish breeding pond respectively to breed for 7-30 days, and then repeating the step 3 to carry out grading preferential breeding for hastening parturition.
The mixed oxytocin proportioning dose is as follows: 5 mug/kg LRHA2+ 1000 IU HCG +5 mg/kg DOM.
The injection of the mixed oxytocin is performed by one-time injection through back muscles, the injection amount of female loaches is 0.2-0.4 mL, and the injection amount of male loaches is 0.1-0.2 mL according to the size and gonad development degree of the parent loaches.
The formula of the ringer's solution is as follows: 6.5g/L, KCl 0.14.14 g/L, CaCl 0.12.12 g/L NaCl, 30.2 g/L NaHCO and 40.01g/L NaH2 PO40.
Adding 15-30 mg/m into the temporary rearing pond3Astragalus polysaccharide with concentration of 0.18-0.25 g/m3The electrolysis is multidimensional.
The feed of the rehabilitation pond is added with astragalus polysaccharide, electrolytic multivitamins and florfenicol, and the weight ratio of the added amount to the feed is as follows: 0.1-0.2 g/kg, 1-2 g/kg and 10-15 mg/kg.
If the water quality of the rehabilitation pond is rich and the hidden danger of diseases is large or the loaches show disease signs, 0.2-0.4 mg/L dibromohydantoin and 0.3-0.7 mg/L trichlorfon are alternately disinfected and killed every 5 days; if bacterial diseases exist, 0.3-0.5 mg/L of strong chlorine is used for sprinkling in the whole pool; if the saprolegniasis is indicated, 0.1-0.3 mg/L of thioether floxacin is used for splashing in the whole pool.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) parent loaches are effectively selected, the synchronous maturity of male and female loaches and the same parent loaches is improved, the yield acceleration rate, the seedling emergence uniformity rate and the artificial propagation efficiency are improved, and the death loss of the artificially propagated parent loaches is reduced; through the self-created parent loach grading and screening cylinder, the water flow velocity can be adjusted according to the distribution of parent loaches, and the purpose is to enable the parent loaches to carry out grading treatment under the action of water flow (the parent loaches with similar gonad development degree stay at the same grade under the action of water flow);
(2) the male killing and sperm extraction are avoided, and the survival rate and the repeated utilization rate of the male loaches are improved; the artificial insemination is carried out indoors, so that the direct irradiation of light rays is avoided, and the fertilization rate and the survival rate are improved;
(3) the death rate of postpartum parent loaches (particularly female loaches) is reduced, the artificial breeding cost is reduced, the repeated utilization rate of the parent loaches is improved, and the situation that the parent loaches with hormones after induced spawning directly enter a common people dining table is avoided;
(4) the four rates (oxytocic rate, fertility rate, hatchability and parent loach survival rate) in the breeding production are improved and stabilized to be more than 90%, 95%, 80% and 85% respectively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a parent loach classifying and screening jar, 1 a high-grade flow velocity zone; 2, a medium flow velocity zone; 3, a low-grade flow velocity area; 4 submersible pump (85-750W).
Detailed Description
A low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for Taiwan loaches comprises the following steps: (1) breeding loaches before birth: selecting commercial loaches which grow fast and are strong individually from first-filial generation 1-year old fish as breeding loaches one year ahead of time, and feeding feed with the crude protein content of 34% -40% in autumn for intensive cultivation; before the next breeding season (3-9 months), the soaked wheat (or crushed corn), the soaked bean cake and the granulated feed are fed according to the proportion of 1: 2 in advance by 1-1.5 months (when the water temperature reaches more than 12 ℃), the soaked wheat (or crushed corn), the soaked bean cake and the granulated feed are fed according to the total feeding amount of 0.5-5% according to weather and fish eating conditions, meanwhile, 0.2-0.4% of multivitamins for fish are mixed in the feed, the cultivation is strengthened for 1-1.5 months, water is flushed for 2-3 hours every day, and the micro-flowing water with the flow rate of 1-10cm/s is kept for a long time.
(2) The breeding loaches are selected, the water temperature reaches 18 ℃, breeding seasons come, the loaches are caught by earthworms from a breeding pond, and the best distinction between male and female loaches is that a longitudinal meat bulge is arranged above the tail handle of the male loach, and the female loach does not have the meat bulge. Selecting male loaches according to the weight of more than 50g and the body length of more than 20cm, and selecting female loaches according to the weight of more than 60g and the body length of more than 20 cm; classifying the male and female bodies according to the length sections of 20-22.5cm,22.5-25cm, 25-27.5cm and 27.5-30 cm approximately, then respectively placing each group of parent loaches in parent loach grading screening jars (see figure 1, a round barrel with the water depth of 0.5m and the diameter of 1m, and a submersible pump for causing 30-120cm/s annular flow), screening and matching, placing the male and female parent fishes in different flow velocity areas in different batches according to high-grade, medium-grade and resisting three grades for induced spawning and breeding, preferentially selecting the female loaches in a low-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in a high-grade flow velocity area for first induced spawning and breeding, matching the male fishes in the medium-grade and medium-grade flow velocity areas for induced spawning and breeding, placing the female fishes in the high-grade and low-grade flow velocity areas into a parent fish breeding pond for further grading and screening for 7-30 days.
(3) Artificial hastening parturition: anaesthetizing parent loaches with an MS-222 anesthetic of 180-220 mg/L, starting to inject mixed oxytocin after 3 min of parent loaches anaesthesia (the proportion of the mixed oxytocin is 5 mug/kg LRHA2+ 1000 IU HCG +5 mg/kg DOM), and halving the dosage of male fishes. And carrying out one-time injection by adopting back muscles, wherein the injection amount of female loaches is 0.2-0.4 mL and the injection amount of male loaches is 0.1-0.2 mL according to the size and gonad development degree of the parent loaches, and after the injection is finished, placing the parent loaches into an oxytocic pond to wait for resuscitation and maturity and estrus.
(4) Artificial insemination: when the effect time is close to, if the parent loaches chase and gradually become frequent, and the male loaches are wrapped with fish bodies and the female loaches breathe rapidly and the like, the situation that the oestrus is high and tide comes, golden yellow eggs flow out and are free when the abdomen of the female loaches are squeezed (if the eggs are blood, the eggs are not fully mature), and artificial insemination can be performed at the moment; and (3) narcotizing the parent loaches according to the step (3), wiping off the water of the loaches, and manually squeezing sperm and eggs to avoid killing males and taking sperm. During artificial semen extrusion, the semen is sucked by a suction pipe and diluted to the prepared ringer's solution (the formula is NaCl 6.5g/L, KCl 0.14 g/L, CaCl 0.12g/L and NaHCO)3 0.2g/L，NaH2PO40.01 g/L) is refrigerated at low temperature for standby; carrying out artificial insemination indoors, wiping the mature female loaches to be dry by one person, wrapping the female loaches with a towel, exposing the belly, slightly squeezing the belly, and squeezing the mature eggs into a dry white enamel tray; the other person pours the squeezed and diluted semen on the ovum; and the third person uses hands to shake the porcelain plate lightly, uses feathers to stir lightly for a plurality of seconds, then adds a small amount of clear water for semi-dry insemination for 2 minutes, rinses the fertilized eggs for a plurality of times, and puts the fertilized eggs into a microflow water incubation cylinder for incubation.
(5) And (3) nursing postpartum parent loaches: after the female loaches extrude eggs, the female loaches are weak in physique and unbalanced in electrolyte, the female loaches are immediately put into clear water to relieve anesthesia, the female loaches are put into a sterilized temporary rearing pond to perform post-partum recuperation after foam is cleared, astragalus polysaccharide with the concentration of 15-30 mg/m3 and electrolytic multi-dimensional with the concentration of 0.18-0.25 g/m3 are added into the temporary rearing pond to be soaked for 1-2 days, and then the female loaches are put into a post-partum rehabilitation pond to be fed and rehabilitated; adding astragalus polysaccharide, electrolytic multivitamins and florfenicol into the feed when the rehabilitation pond recovers, and mixing the astragalus polysaccharide, the electrolytic multivitamins and the florfenicol with the feed according to the amount of 0.1-0.2 g/kg, 1-2 g/kg and 10-15 mg/kg respectively for continuous feeding for 1 week; then stopping the astragalus polysaccharide and florfenicol, mixing the fish in the feed, and continuously feeding the fish for 3 weeks by using the multivitamins; the water quality of the rehabilitation pond is kept fresh all the time and a local running water environment is kept; if the water quality of the rehabilitation pond is relatively fat and muddy, the hidden danger of diseases is large or the loaches show the symptoms of diseases, 0.2-0.4 mg/L of dibromohydantoin and 0.3-0.7 mg/L of trichlorfon (90%) are alternately sterilized and killed every 5 days; if bacterial diseases exist, 0.3-0.5 mg/L of strong chlorine essence is splashed into the full pools; if the saprolegniasis appears, 0.1-0.3 mg/L thioether floxacin is used for splashing in the whole pool.
Example one (in last 5 th month):
cultivating 50kg of parent loaches according to the step (1); in last ten days of 5 months, selecting 300 female loaches and 300 male loaches of 12 months old according to the step (2); carrying out artificial spawning induction according to the step (3), wherein the total spawning induction rate reaches 94%; carrying out artificial insemination according to the step (4), wherein the total fertilization rate reaches 98%, and the hatchability reaches 85%; and (4) performing series of operations according to the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4), particularly the step (5), and nursing the parent loaches to ensure that the survival rate of the parent loaches reaches 86%.
Example two (in late 7 months):
cultivating 60kg of parent loaches according to the step (1); in the last 7 th month, selecting 300 female loaches and 300 male loaches of 14 months old according to the step (2); carrying out artificial spawning induction according to the step (3), wherein the total spawning induction rate reaches 95%; carrying out artificial insemination according to the step (4), wherein the total fertilization rate reaches 99%, and the hatching rate reaches 83%; and (4) performing a series of operations according to the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4), particularly nursing the postpartum parent loaches in the step (5), wherein the survival rate of the postpartum parent loaches reaches 85%.
Example three (in late 9 months):
cultivating 70kg of parent loaches according to the step (1); in last 9 th month, selecting 300 female loaches and 300 male loaches of 16 months old according to the step (2); carrying out artificial spawning induction according to the step (3), wherein the total spawning induction rate reaches 92%; carrying out artificial insemination according to the step (4), wherein the total fertilization rate reaches 98%, and the hatchability reaches 82%; and (4) performing a series of operations according to the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4), particularly nursing the postpartum parent loaches in the step (5), wherein the survival rate of the postpartum parent loaches reaches 87%.
Claims (4)
1. A low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for Taiwan loaches is characterized in that: comprises the following steps: (1) breeding loaches before birth: selecting commercial loaches which grow fast and are strong individually from first-filial generation 1-year old fish as breeding loaches one year ahead of time, and feeding feed with the crude protein content of 30% -45% in autumn for intensive cultivation; before the propagation season of the next year, when the water temperature reaches more than 12 ℃, feeding soaked wheat or crushed corn, soaked bean cake and pellet feed according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, feeding according to 0.5-5% of the weight of the loach, simultaneously mixing 0.1-1% of fish-use multi-vitamin in the feed, carrying out intensive cultivation for 0.5-3 months, flushing for 1-6 h every day during the period, and keeping microflow water at the flow rate of 1-10 cm/s; (2) selecting parent loaches, namely fishing the parent loaches from a loach breeding pond when the water temperature reaches 18 ℃, classifying the parent loaches according to the body length of 2.5cm, and then respectively placing each group of parent loaches of the male and female loaches in a parent loach grading screening jar for screening and matching; (3) artificial hastening parturition: firstly, anaesthetizing parent loaches with 180-220 mg/L MS-222 anaesthetic, and after the parent loaches are anaesthetized, starting injecting mixed oxytocic hormone, wherein the dosage of the male fishes is reduced by half; after the injection is finished, putting parent loaches into an induced spawning pond to wait for resuscitation and ripening estrus; (4) artificial insemination: after ripening and estrus, narcotizing the parent loaches according to the step (3), wiping off water in the loaches, and manually extruding sperms and eggs; when artificial semen is squeezed, sucking semen by a suction pipe, diluting the semen according to a ratio of 1:100 until the liquid is cooled at a low temperature for later use; carrying out artificial insemination indoors, firstly wiping the mature female loaches to dry, wrapping the female loaches with a towel, exposing the belly, slightly squeezing the belly, and squeezing the mature eggs into a dry white enamel tray; secondly, pouring the extruded and diluted semen on the ovum; finally, the porcelain plate is lightly shaken by hands, feather is lightly stirred, clear water with the weight 2-10 times of that of the ovum is added for insemination for 2 minutes,rinsing the fertilized eggs, and putting the fertilized eggs into a microflow water hatching tank with the flow rate of 1-10cm/s for hatching; (5) and (3) nursing postpartum parent loaches: after the female loaches extrude eggs, immediately putting the female loaches into clear water to relieve anesthesia, cleaning foams, putting the female loaches into a sterilized temporary rearing pond for postpartum rehabilitation, soaking the female loaches in the temporary rearing pond for 1-3 days, and putting the female loaches into a postpartum rehabilitation pond for feeding rehabilitation; adding astragalus polysaccharide, electrolytic multi-component and florfenicol into the feed when the rehabilitation pond recovers, and continuously feeding for 1 week; then stopping using the astragalus polysaccharide and the florfenicol, mixing the astragalus polysaccharide and the florfenicol in the feed, and continuously feeding the fish for 3 weeks by using the multivitamins; the water quality of the rehabilitation pond is kept fresh all the time and a local running water environment is kept; the mixed oxytocin proportioning dose is as follows: 5 microgram/kg LRHA2+ 1000 IU HCG +5 mg/kg DOM; the injection of the mixed oxytocin is performed by one-time injection through back muscles, according to the size and gonad development degree of parent loaches, the injection amount of female loaches is 0.2-0.4 mL, and the injection amount of male loaches is 0.1-0.2 mL; adding 15-30 mg/m into the temporary rearing pond3Astragalus polysaccharide with concentration of 0.18-0.25 g/m3The electrolysis is multidimensional; the feed of the rehabilitation pond is added with astragalus polysaccharide, electrolytic multivitamins and florfenicol, and the weight ratio of the added amount to the feed is as follows: 0.1-0.2 g/kg, 1-2 g/kg and 10-15 mg/kg; the parent loach classified screening jar comprises: a barrel with the water depth of 0.5m and the diameter of 1m is used for generating annular flow of 30-120cm/s by using a submersible pump; and (3) grading, screening and matching parent loaches: putting the female and male parent fishes in different flow velocity areas in corresponding different batches according to high-grade, medium-grade and resisting third-grade to hasten parturition and breed, preferentially selecting the female loaches in the low-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in the high-grade flow velocity area to hasten parturition and breed for the first time, matching the female loaches in the medium-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in the medium-grade flow velocity area to hasten parturition and breed, putting the female loaches in the high-grade flow velocity area and the male fishes in the low-grade flow velocity area into the parent fish breeding pond respectively to breed for 7-30 days, and then repeating the step 3 to carry out grading preferential breeding for hastening parturition.
2. The low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for the Taiwan loaches according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) breeding loach selection standard: male loaches are selected according to the weight of more than 50g and the body length of more than 20cm, female loaches are selected according to the weight of more than 60g and the body length of more than 20 cm.
3. The low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for the Taiwan loaches according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the formula of the ringer's solution is as follows: NaCl 6.5g/L, KCl 0.14 g/L, CaCl 0.12.12 g/L, NaHCO30.2g/L and NaH2PO4 0.01g/L。
4. The low-loss and high-efficiency artificial breeding method for the Taiwan loaches according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: if the water quality of the rehabilitation pond is rich and the hidden danger of diseases is large or the loaches show disease signs, 0.2-0.4 mg/L dibromohydantoin and 0.3-0.7 mg/L trichlorfon are alternately disinfected and killed every 5 days; if bacterial diseases exist, 0.3-0.5 mg/L of strong chlorine is used for sprinkling in the whole pool; if the saprolegniasis is indicated, 0.1-0.3 mg/L of thioether floxacin is used for splashing in the whole pool.
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