CN113841641A - Artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rarus - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rarus Download PDFInfo
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- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial propagation method of a gobiocypiocypris rarus, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture; the method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a multi-line discogobio with good development and healthy body as a parent fish for parent fish culture; the parent fish is selected for artificial induced spawning, and the parent fish must swim actively to reach a sexually mature individual; the induced spawning of the parent fish is realized by injecting an oxytocic into the selected induced spawning parent fish for one time, so that the oestrus, the spawning and the sperm production of the parent fish are promoted; artificial insemination is carried out after the parent fishes begin to chase each other to reach high tide of estrus, ovum collection and semen collection are carried out; artificially incubating, namely putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into an Ouguiaceae incubator for incubation; in order to improve the survival rate of the fries, the fries need to be raised indoors at the water temperature of 18-25 ℃; and feeding the larval fish which is hatched for 3 days to be fed with the yolk, the fairy shrimp, the microcapsule feed and the carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35 percent in stages. The problem of many line disco gobio artificial propagation fertility rate and hatchability low is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides an artificial propagation method of a gobiocypiocypris rarus, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
Gobiocypris radiata (Discogobio multilineatus Cui) belonging to Cypriniformes, Cyprinicaceae, daceae, Labeonianae, gobiocypobius (Discogobio), and China-specific fishes, which are only distributed in the red river branch canal of Bama county of the Guangxi Zhuang nationality. In recent years, river obstruction and water quality pollution are caused by cascade water conservancy development of rivers in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and river fish resources are seriously damaged by factors such as over-fishing and the like. The natural resources of the multi-disc gobio are very deficient and need to be protected urgently.
The artificial propagation of Chinese cyprinid cultured fishes generally adopts a physiological and ecological method, and the whole process comprises 4 links of parent fish culture, estrus promotion, fertilization and incubation. Firstly, parent fish breeding. Is the process of breeding the parent fish reaching sexual maturity age until gonad development and maturity. ② hastening parturition. For parent fish with mature gonad, an oxytocic is injected to promote estrus, spawning and spermiation. ③ insemination. There are both natural fertilization and artificial insemination. The natural fertilization is to promote the self-spawning, the semen discharging and the fertilization of the parent fish after the spawning in the spawning pond. Artificial insemination is to collect eggs and semen when parent fish is in high estrus and is going to lay eggs, so that mature semen and mature eggs complete the fertilization process in a container. And fourthly, hatching. And placing the fertilized eggs in a hatching loop, a hatching barrel and other tools for hatching.
The artificial propagation of the gobiocypobius fasciatus is implemented by adopting the conventional fish artificial propagation method, and the problems of low fertilization rate, susceptibility to saprolegnia infection of fertilized eggs, low hatching rate and low fry survival rate exist, so that the fry is difficult to produce on a large scale.
Under the condition, the large-scale production of the fry can be realized by strengthening the parent fish cultivation management, selecting mature parent fish, injecting a proper oxytocic and dosage to promote the estrus and the spawning of the mature parent fish, adopting artificial insemination to improve the fertility rate, adjusting the flow rate of water in an incubator, preventing the premature rupture of an egg membrane and selecting a proper feeding method after the egg membrane is produced.
Disclosure of Invention
The artificial propagation method of the multi-disc gobiocypris provided by the invention has a simple structure, and can solve the problems of low fertility rate and low hatching rate of the artificial propagation of the multi-disc gobiocypris.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
parent fish breeding: selecting a well-developed and healthy multi-line gobiocypris as parent fish, placing the parent fish in a circular parent fish pond with the diameter of 3m after disinfection, culturing the parent fish in the water depth of 1.0-1.5 m, discharging pollution in time to keep the pond water clear, continuously filling oxygen, breeding 300-500 multi-line gobiocypris in each parent fish pond, wherein the ratio of male to female is 4:1, adjusting and controlling the water temperature to gradually rise, feeding carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35% when the water temperature is over 12 ℃, feeding the carp compound feed with the daily feeding amount of 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, feeding the carp compound feed once in the morning and evening, reducing the feeding amount to the original 1/2 in the previous month of artificial propagation, flushing once a day, and promoting the gonad maturation of the multi-line gobiocypris;
selecting parent fish: the parent fish for artificial spawning promotion is a sexually mature individual, and a female multi-disc gobiocypo with strong swimming capacity, strong physique, smooth body surface, complete fin, no disease or injury, abdominal distension, loose and soft lower abdomen and ruddy cloaca is selected; selecting a male plecoglosobiocypobium gobiocyperi which is actively swimming and has milky semen which is dispersed when entering water to flow out when slightly pressing the abdomen, and selecting a male-female pairing proportion of parent fish for induced spawning as 4: 1;
spawning induction of parent fish: carrying out one-time injection induced spawning on the selected induced spawning parent fish to promote the heat, spawning and sperm production of the parent fish, wherein the dosage of the oxytocic injected into the female parent fish is 0.1-0.2 ml/tail, and the dosage of the oxytocic injected into the male parent fish is half female; putting the induced parent fish into an induced spawning pond, wherein the water depth is 30-40 cm, the water quality is clear and transparent, and the induced spawning pond is flushed with water to form water flow, so that the effect time is 6-7 hours;
artificial insemination: when parent fishes begin to chase after each other to reach high tide of estrus, carrying out egg collection and semen collection; firstly, storing sperms and eggs in different containers separately, putting the sperms and the eggs into the same container after all the sperms and the eggs are collected, adding a small amount of activating liquid to activate the sperms, lightly stirring to complete fertilization, and forming fertilized eggs; repeatedly flushing the fertilized eggs for 4-5 times under running water after 1min, and washing out impurities and mucus on the surfaces of the fertilized eggs;
artificial incubation: putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into a Uquidae incubator for incubation, wherein the density of the fertilized eggs is not too high, adjusting the water flow according to the growth condition of the fertilization rate in the incubation process, and picking out dead eggs and sundries in time until the fertilized eggs are out of membranes;
fry rearing: in order to improve the survival rate, the fry needs to be raised indoors at the water temperature of 18-25 ℃; feeding the larval fish which is hatched for 3 days, and feeding yolk, fairy shrimp, microcapsule feed and carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35% by stages;
the oxytocic is 4IU g chorionic gonadotropin-10.05. mu.g.g of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A2-10.2mg of diutanone-1All produced by Ningbo second hormone factory; the injection method comprises injecting the above materials into the abdominal cavity of parent fish by 45 deg. inclination from the depression of the pectoral fin base of parent fish along the body side line to the head direction, and controlling the needle point to penetrate into the parent fish body by 0.3cm with the use of cannula.
Inserting a liquid transfer gun into a male fish reproductive hole, slightly pressing the abdomen of the male fish while sucking semen, temporarily storing the male fish reproductive hole in a container containing NaCl solution with the concentration of 0.9%, slightly pressing the abdomen of the female fish to extrude the ovum, and shifting the ovum into the container by using feather for temporarily storing; the activating sperm activating solution is 0.45% NaCl solution.
The hatching water is clear fresh water with dissolved oxygen of more than or equal to 7mg/L, water temperature of 18-22 ℃ and temperature difference of no more than 2 ℃, the clear fresh water meets the water quality standard (GB11607) of fishery, and the hatching time is 120-84 h.
The density of the fertilized eggs put into the incubator is not more than 1 ten thousand fertilized eggs put into each square water surface; the water flow rate can be adjusted to be large in the early stage of hatching, the flow rate is gradually reduced along with the development of fertilized eggs, the water flow is appropriately stopped to seal eggs in the membrane-out peak period, and the live eggs which are not membrane-out can be picked out in the membrane-out final stage and placed in a beaker to assist in membrane-out; the flow rate can be gradually increased after the film discharging is finished.
Feeding the yolk for the fry in 3 days after the fry comes out of the film, and feeding for 6-8 times every day; on the 5 th day, the egg yolk and the fairy shrimp are mixed and fed, the use amount of the egg yolk is gradually reduced, and the egg yolk is fed for 6-8 times every day; completely feeding with fairy shrimp on the 7 th day, and feeding 3-4 times per day; feeding by mixing the fairy shrimp and the microcapsule materials at 20 days, gradually reducing the using amount of the fairy shrimp, and feeding for 3-4 times every day; completely feeding the micro-capsule materials with the specification of S1-S5 once in the morning and at night after 30 days; an overfeeding method is used, residual bait and excrement are sucked out in time half an hour after feeding is finished, water pollution is avoided, and the water temperature is controlled to be 18-25 ℃ in the fry breeding process; feeding a carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35% after the body length reaches 3cm, wherein the feeding amount is 3-5% of the body weight, the carp compound feed is fed once in the morning and at night, and the microcapsule material is produced by Shandong Shengsuo feed science and technology limited company.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the fertility rate and the hatchability of the multi-disc gobio ventralis and the survival rate of the fry, and realizes the scale production of the multi-disc gobio ventralis fry; the success rate of artificial propagation of the multi-disc gobio is improved, the breeding quantity of parent fish of the multi-disc gobio is reduced, and the production cost is reduced; reduce catching and destroying the wild resource of the multi-thread discogobio ventralis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an artificial propagation schematic diagram of the artificial propagation method of the gobiocypiocypris rarus of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
An artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rarus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
parent fish breeding: selecting a well-developed and healthy multi-line gobio ventralis as a parent fish, placing the parent fish in a circular parent fish pond with the diameter of 3m after disinfection, culturing the parent fish in a water depth of 1.2m, discharging sewage in time to keep the pond water clear, continuously filling oxygen, breeding 400-tail multi-line gobio ventralis in each parent fish pond, wherein the male-female ratio is 4:1, adjusting and controlling the water temperature to gradually rise, feeding carp compound feed with the protein content of 33% when the water temperature is over 12 ℃, feeding the carp compound feed with the daily feeding amount of 4% of the weight of the parent fish, feeding the gobio ventralis once in the morning and evening, reducing the feeding amount to 1/2 in the past one month before artificial propagation, flushing once every day, and promoting the gonad of the multi-line gobio ventralis to be mature;
selecting parent fish: the breeding fish for artificial spawning promotion is a sexually mature individual, and a female multi-disc gobiocypo with strong swimming capacity, strong physique, smooth body surface, complete fin, no disease or injury, abdominal distension, loose and soft lower abdomen and ruddy cloaca is selected; selecting a male plecoglosobiocypobium gobiocyperi which is actively swimming and has milky semen which is dispersed when entering water to flow out when slightly pressing the abdomen, and selecting a male-female pairing proportion of parent fish for induced spawning as 4: 1;
spawning induction of parent fish: performing one-time injection induced spawning on the selected induced spawning parent fish to promote the oestrus, spawning and spermatogenesis of the parent fish, wherein the dosage of the oxytocic injected into the female parent fish is 0.15 ml/tail, and the dosage of the oxytocic injected into the male parent fish is half female; putting the induced spawning parent fish into an induced spawning pond, wherein the water depth is 35cm, the water quality is clear and transparent, and the induced spawning pond is flushed with water to form water flow, so that the effect time is 6.5 hours;
artificial insemination: when parent fishes begin to chase after each other to reach high tide of estrus, carrying out egg collection and semen collection; firstly, storing sperms and eggs in different containers separately, putting the sperms and the eggs into the same container after all the sperms and the eggs are collected, adding a small amount of activating liquid to activate the sperms, lightly stirring to complete fertilization, and forming fertilized eggs; repeatedly flushing the fertilized eggs for 4 times under running water after 1min, and washing out impurities and mucus on the surfaces of the fertilized eggs;
artificial incubation: putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into a Uquidae incubator for incubation, wherein the density of the fertilized eggs is not too high, adjusting the water flow according to the growth condition of the fertilization rate in the incubation process, and picking out dead eggs and sundries in time until the fertilized eggs are out of membranes;
fry rearing: in order to improve the survival rate, the fry needs to be raised indoors at the water temperature of 20 ℃; feeding the larval fish which is hatched for 3 days, and feeding yolk, fairy shrimp, microcapsule feed and carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35% by stages;
the oxytocic is 4IU g chorionic gonadotropin-10.05. mu.g.g of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A2-10.2mg of diutanone-1All produced by Ningbo second hormone factory; the injection method comprises injecting the fish into the breast of parent fishThe sunken part of the fin base part is injected into the abdominal cavity of the parent fish along the body lateral direction and inclines for 45 degrees towards the head direction, and the needle point is controlled by using a sleeve to penetrate into the parent fish by 0.3 cm.
Inserting a liquid transfer gun into a male fish genital hole in the artificial insemination process, sucking semen while slightly pressing the abdomen, temporarily storing the sperm in a container containing 0.9% NaCl solution, slightly pressing the abdomen of a female fish to extrude the ovum, and shifting the ovum into the container by using feathers for temporarily storing; the activating sperm activating solution is 0.45% NaCl solution.
The hatching water is clear fresh water with dissolved oxygen of more than or equal to 7mg/L, water temperature of 20 ℃ and temperature difference of no more than 2 ℃, the clear fresh water meets the water quality standard (GB11607) of fishery, and the hatching time is 100 h.
The density of the fertilized eggs put into the incubator is not more than 1 ten thousand fertilized eggs put into each square water surface; the water flow rate can be adjusted to be large in the early stage of hatching, the flow rate is gradually reduced along with the development of fertilized eggs, the water flow is appropriately stopped to seal eggs in the membrane-out peak period, and the live eggs which are not membrane-out can be picked out in the membrane-out final stage and placed in a beaker to assist in membrane-out; the flow rate can be gradually increased after the film discharging is finished.
Feeding the yolk for the fry 3 days after the fry comes out of the film, and feeding for 7 times every day; on the 5 th day, the egg yolk and the fairy shrimp are mixed and fed, the usage amount of the egg yolk is gradually reduced, and the feeding is carried out for 7 times every day; completely feeding with fairy shrimp on day 7, and feeding for 3 times per day; feeding with fairy shrimp and microcapsule material at 20 days, and gradually reducing fairy shrimp usage amount for 3 times per day; completely feeding the micro-capsule materials with the specification of S1-S5 once in the morning and at night after 30 days; an overfeeding method is used, residual bait and excrement are sucked out in time half an hour after the feeding is finished, the water quality pollution is avoided, and the water temperature is controlled at 20 ℃ in the fry breeding process; feeding carp compound feed with protein content of 32% after the body length reaches 3cm, wherein the feeding amount is 4% of the body weight, and feeding once in the morning and at night, and the microcapsule material is produced by Shandong Shengsuo feed science and technology Limited.
The table below is a summary of the experimental conditions of artificial breeding.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they do not inventively design similar structural embodiments and embodiments to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rarus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. parent fish breeding: selecting a well-developed and healthy multi-line gobiocypris as parent fish, placing the parent fish in a circular parent fish pond with the diameter of 3m after disinfection, culturing the parent fish in the water depth of 1.0-1.5 m, discharging pollution in time to keep the pond water clear, continuously filling oxygen, breeding 300-500 multi-line gobiocypris in each parent fish pond, wherein the ratio of male to female is 4:1, adjusting and controlling the water temperature to gradually rise, feeding carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35% when the water temperature is over 12 ℃, feeding the carp compound feed with the daily feeding amount of 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, feeding the carp compound feed once in the morning and evening, reducing the feeding amount to the original 1/2 in the previous month of artificial propagation, flushing once a day, and promoting the gonad maturation of the multi-line gobiocypris;
b. selecting parent fish: the breeding fish for artificial spawning promotion is a sexually mature individual, and a female multi-disc gobiocypo with strong swimming capacity, strong physique, smooth body surface, complete fin, no disease or injury, abdominal distension, loose and soft lower abdomen and ruddy cloaca is selected; selecting a male plecoglosobiocypobium gobiocyperi which is actively swimming and has milky semen which is dispersed when entering water to flow out when slightly pressing the abdomen, and selecting a male-female pairing proportion of parent fish for induced spawning as 4: 1;
c. spawning induction of parent fish: carrying out one-time injection induced spawning on the selected induced spawning parent fish to promote the heat, spawning and sperm production of the parent fish, wherein the dosage of the oxytocic injected into the female parent fish is 0.1-0.2 ml/tail, and the dosage of the oxytocic injected into the male parent fish is half female; putting the induced parent fish into an induced spawning pond, wherein the water depth is 30-40 cm, the water quality is clear and transparent, and the induced spawning pond is flushed with water to form water flow, so that the effect time is 6-7 hours;
d. artificial insemination: when parent fishes begin to chase after each other to reach high tide of estrus, carrying out egg collection and semen collection; firstly, storing sperms and eggs in different containers separately, putting the sperms and the eggs into the same container after all the sperms and the eggs are collected, adding a small amount of activating liquid to activate the sperms, lightly stirring to complete fertilization, and forming fertilized eggs; repeatedly flushing the fertilized eggs for 4-5 times under running water after 1min, and washing out impurities and mucus on the surfaces of the fertilized eggs;
e. artificial incubation: putting the cleaned fertilized eggs into a Uquidae incubator for incubation, wherein the density of the fertilized eggs is not too high, adjusting the water flow according to the growth condition of the fertilization rate in the incubation process, and picking out dead eggs and sundries in time until the fertilized eggs are out of membranes;
f. fry rearing: in order to improve the survival rate, the fry needs to be raised indoors at the water temperature of 18-25 ℃; and feeding the larval fish which is hatched for 3 days to be fed with the yolk, the fairy shrimp, the microcapsule feed and the carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35 percent in stages.
2. The artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rari as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxytocic is chorionic gonadotropin 4 IU-g-10.05. mu.g.g of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A2-10.2mg of diutanone-1All produced by Ningbo second hormone factory; the injection method comprises injecting the above materials into the abdominal cavity of parent fish by 45 deg. inclination from the depression of the pectoral fin base of parent fish along the body side line to the head direction, and controlling the needle point to penetrate into the parent fish body by 0.3cm with the use of cannula.
3. The artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rarus as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the artificial insemination procedure, the liquid transfer gun is inserted into the reproductive hole of the male fish, while the abdomen is lightly pressed, the semen is sucked, the artificial insemination method is placed in a container containing NaCl solution with concentration of 0.9% for temporary storage, the ovum is squeezed out by lightly pressing the abdomen of the female fish, and the ovum is moved into the container by feather for temporary storage; the activating sperm activating solution is 0.45% NaCl solution.
4. The artificial propagation method of gobiocypris rarus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hatching water is clear fresh water with dissolved oxygen of 7mg/L or more, water temperature of 18-22 ℃ and temperature difference of 2 ℃ or less, the clear fresh water meets fishery water quality standard (GB11607) regulation, and the hatching time is 120-84 h.
5. The artificial propagation method of gobiocypiocypris multithread as claimed in claim 1, wherein the density of the fertilized eggs put into the incubator is not more than 1 ten thousand fertilized eggs per square water surface; the water flow rate can be adjusted to be large in the early stage of hatching, the flow rate is gradually reduced along with the development of fertilized eggs, the water flow is appropriately stopped to seal eggs in the membrane-out peak period, and the live eggs which are not membrane-out can be picked out in the membrane-out final stage and placed in a beaker to assist in membrane-out; the flow rate can be gradually increased after the film discharging is finished.
6. The artificial propagation method of gobiocypiocypris rarus according to claim 1, wherein the fry is fed with yolk 3 days after emergence of the membrane, 6-8 times per day; on the 5 th day, the egg yolk and the fairy shrimp are mixed and fed, the use amount of the egg yolk is gradually reduced, and the egg yolk is fed for 6-8 times every day; completely feeding with fairy shrimp on the 7 th day, and feeding 3-4 times per day; feeding by mixing the fairy shrimp and the microcapsule materials at 20 days, gradually reducing the using amount of the fairy shrimp, and feeding for 3-4 times every day; completely feeding the micro-capsule materials with the specification of S1-S5 once in the morning and at night after 30 days; an overfeeding method is used, residual bait and excrement are sucked out in time half an hour after feeding is finished, water pollution is avoided, and the water temperature is controlled to be 18-25 ℃ in the fry breeding process; feeding a carp compound feed with the protein content of 30-35% after the body length reaches 3cm, wherein the feeding amount is 3-5% of the body weight, the carp compound feed is fed once in the morning and at night, and the microcapsule material is produced by Shandong Shengsuo feed science and technology limited company.
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