CN108250734B - 一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料 - Google Patents

一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料 Download PDF

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CN108250734B
CN108250734B CN201810077608.2A CN201810077608A CN108250734B CN 108250734 B CN108250734 B CN 108250734B CN 201810077608 A CN201810077608 A CN 201810077608A CN 108250734 B CN108250734 B CN 108250734B
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张振秀
赵悦
邹立
温时宝
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Fujian Xingxun New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料，其按照重量份数的配方为：Pebax和TPU的总份数为100份，Pebax与TPU的重量比为10：90—90:10，制备方法为将Pebax与TPU共混后造粒，将粒子烘干后，放入装有适量水的高压反应釜中，开启搅拌，通入物理发泡剂并升温、加压使其达到超临界状态，当超临界流体在聚合物粒子中达到饱和后，打开阀门，通过快速泄压，制得微孔发泡珠粒。本发明制备的微孔弹性体发泡材料具有优异的回弹性、加工性能、耐低温性、抗冲击性、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、耐老化性以及动力学性能，且采用超临界发泡方法，制备得到的材料无毒、环保、无污染。

Description

一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料领域，尤其涉及一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
Pebax是一种嵌段聚醚酰胺弹性体产品，属于工程聚合物，是无需增塑的热塑性弹性体。分子链具有优异的柔顺性，硬度范围广泛，回弹性良好，易加工；Pebax材料的低温抗冲击性能好，低温不硬化；迟滞性能低，有非常好的动力学性能；耐化学腐蚀，具有优异的抗老化和日光暴晒能力。耐曲挠和耐疲劳性好，能减少断裂、增加回弹和优异的“手感”。Pebax材料常用于汽车工业中，以及用作运动器材等。
TPU指热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶，有聚酯型和聚醚型之分，化学结构上没有或很少交联，其分子基本是线性的，存在一定的物理交联。TPU的硬度范围宽、耐磨、耐油、透明、弹性好、可加热塑化，在日用品、体育用品、玩具、装饰材料等领域具有广泛应用。
目前，TPU材料存在成型性能不好(制品易收缩)，聚酯型的不耐水解，聚醚型的耐候性差(制品易黄变)等缺点。而单纯使用Pebax材料制造的产品成本太高。在工业生产和应用中，需要一种密度小，耐腐蚀，回弹性和力学性能较优的弹性体发泡材料。将Pebax和TPU两种材料共混后，采用超临界流体使其发泡制得的材料，可以很好的弥补两种材料的不足。相同的发泡条件下，相比单纯的Pebax发泡材料，通过调节两种材料的比例以及相应的工艺，共混材料的密度可以做到更低且硬度变化不大，从而获得超轻、高弹、高强的发泡材料。
广东科进尼龙管道制品有限公司和中国科学院化学研究所的专利《泡沫聚氨酯改性MC尼龙复合材料及其制备方法》(授权公开号：CN 103834163B)公开了一种泡沫聚氨酯改性MC尼龙复合材料及其制备方法，通过化学合成的方法制备聚氨酯(PU)和MC尼龙(也称浇铸尼龙)的复合材料，而本专利采用物理机械共混的方法，选用的材料也有很大的差异，TPU指热塑性弹性体，Pebax是嵌段聚醚酰胺弹性体，所以最终获得的产品有本质的区别。
关于TPU材料共混的专利有很多。比如，巴斯夫欧洲公司的专利《由聚交酯(PLA)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)制备共混物的方法》(申请公布号：CN 103003360A)公开了一种由聚交酯(PLA)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)制备共混物的方法。路博润高级材料公司的专利《阻燃热塑性聚氨酯组合物》(申请公布号：CN 103403093A)公开了一种配合特定TPU与聚膦酸酯均聚物或共聚物的制备方法。但是，以上专利没有涉及到如何制备聚合物共混物的发泡材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料及其制备方法，本发明要解决的技术问题是：为了解决TPU材料制品密度大易收缩，产品不耐水，耐候性差，易黄变等问题，以及生产Pebax产品成本高的问题，最后获得一种超轻、高弹、高强的发泡材料。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡珠粒材料，按照重量份数的配方为：Pebax与TPU的总份数为100份，Pebax与TPU的重量比为10：90—90：10，将两种材料通过双螺杆挤出机共混造粒，通过超临界发泡的方法制备Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料。
一种Pebax/TPU发泡材料的制备方法，其具体步骤包括：
(1)制备Pebax/TPU共混材料，将Pebax和TPU两种原料在烘箱中烘干去除水分，按照配方将Pebax和TPU共混，通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，螺杆转速60-120r/min，制得Pebax/TPU共混材料，挤出机一区温度为：153℃，二区温度为155℃，三区温度为158℃，四区温度为160℃，机头温度为163℃。
(2)超临界珠粒发泡
将挤出的粒子样品放入高压反应釜中，加入水，开启搅拌桨，通入超临界流体并升温、加压使其变为超临界状态，超临界流体在材料中达到饱和后，采用快速降压法，制得微孔发泡材料。其中超临界流体为CO2，N2、丁烷、戊烷中的一种或多种。
反应釜温度为100-140℃，用超临界注气系统将超临界流体注入高压釜内，使压力达到5-30MPa，恒温、恒压饱和0.5-4h，然后迅速卸压至常压，得到发泡珠粒材料。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1.Pebax/TPU发泡材料具有密度小，耐腐蚀，回弹性和力学性能良好等优点。
2.本发明采用超临界发泡方法，制备得到的材料无毒、环保、无污染。
附图说明
图1本发明制备方法中，实施例1的扫描电镜图；
图2本发明制备方法中，实施例2的扫描电镜图；
图3本发明制备方法中，实施例3的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
本发明下面将通过参考实施例进行更详细的描述，单本发明的保护范围并不受限于这些实施例。
实施例1-3
按照重量份数，以不同的Pebax、TPU比例分成三组，采用N2和戊烷作为物理发泡剂，进行超临界发泡，具体配方、工艺参数及密度见表1。
实施例1-3具体步骤如下：
(1)将Pebax和TPU两种原料在70℃烘箱中烘干8小时，按照配方称量，将Pebax和TPU共混，通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，螺杆转速60-120r/min，制得Pebax/TPU共混材料的颗粒，挤出机一区温度为：153℃，二区温度为155℃，三区温度为158℃，四区温度为160℃，机头温度为163℃；
(2)将Pebax/TPU共混颗粒放入高压反应釜中，加入水，再加入戊烷，开启搅拌桨，通入N2，并升温、加压，然后恒温、恒压饱和后，采用快速降压法，泄压，最后制得弹性体微孔发泡颗粒。
表1
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
TPU/Pebax 25/75 50/50 75/25
饱和温度(℃) 120 126 120
通入气体 N<sub>2</sub> N<sub>2</sub> N<sub>2</sub>
饱和压力(mPa) 9 10 10
饱和时间(h) 1 2 2
密度(g/cm<sup>3</sup>) 0.438 0.237 0.176
上述依据本发明的理想实施例为其实，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想范围内，进行多样的变革以及修改。本想发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)发泡材料的原料为Pebax和TPU，Pebax与TPU的总份数为100份，Pebax与TPU的重量比为10：90-90：10；
2)将Pebax和TPU两种原料在70℃烘箱中烘干8小时，按照配方称量，将Pebax和TPU共混，通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，螺杆转速60-120r/min，制得Pebax/TPU共混材料的颗粒，挤出机一区温度为153℃，二区温度为155℃，三区温度为158℃，四区温度为160℃，机头温度为163℃；
3)将Pebax/TPU共混颗粒放入高压反应釜中，加入水，再加入戊烷，开启搅拌桨，通入N2，并升温、加压，反应釜温度为100-140℃，压力达到5-30MPa，然后恒温、恒压饱和0.5-4h后，采用快速降压法，泄压，最后制得弹性体微孔发泡颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述TPU为聚酯型TPU或聚醚型TPU或聚酯型与聚醚型的混合物。
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CN109734955B (zh) * 2019-01-22 2020-11-03 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 一种极性聚合物负泊松比泡沫材料及其制备方法
CN111040420A (zh) * 2019-09-04 2020-04-21 晋江兴迅新材料科技有限公司 一种pebax制备tpv泡沫材料的方法及tpv泡沫材料
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