CN108250734B - 一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料,其按照重量份数的配方为:Pebax和TPU的总份数为100份,Pebax与TPU的重量比为10:90—90:10,制备方法为将Pebax与TPU共混后造粒,将粒子烘干后,放入装有适量水的高压反应釜中,开启搅拌,通入物理发泡剂并升温、加压使其达到超临界状态,当超临界流体在聚合物粒子中达到饱和后,打开阀门,通过快速泄压,制得微孔发泡珠粒。本发明制备的微孔弹性体发泡材料具有优异的回弹性、加工性能、耐低温性、抗冲击性、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、耐老化性以及动力学性能,且采用超临界发泡方法,制备得到的材料无毒、环保、无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料领域,尤其涉及一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
Pebax是一种嵌段聚醚酰胺弹性体产品,属于工程聚合物,是无需增塑的热塑性弹性体。分子链具有优异的柔顺性,硬度范围广泛,回弹性良好,易加工;Pebax材料的低温抗冲击性能好,低温不硬化;迟滞性能低,有非常好的动力学性能;耐化学腐蚀,具有优异的抗老化和日光暴晒能力。耐曲挠和耐疲劳性好,能减少断裂、增加回弹和优异的“手感”。Pebax材料常用于汽车工业中,以及用作运动器材等。
TPU指热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶,有聚酯型和聚醚型之分,化学结构上没有或很少交联,其分子基本是线性的,存在一定的物理交联。TPU的硬度范围宽、耐磨、耐油、透明、弹性好、可加热塑化,在日用品、体育用品、玩具、装饰材料等领域具有广泛应用。
目前,TPU材料存在成型性能不好(制品易收缩),聚酯型的不耐水解,聚醚型的耐候性差(制品易黄变)等缺点。而单纯使用Pebax材料制造的产品成本太高。在工业生产和应用中,需要一种密度小,耐腐蚀,回弹性和力学性能较优的弹性体发泡材料。将Pebax和TPU两种材料共混后,采用超临界流体使其发泡制得的材料,可以很好的弥补两种材料的不足。相同的发泡条件下,相比单纯的Pebax发泡材料,通过调节两种材料的比例以及相应的工艺,共混材料的密度可以做到更低且硬度变化不大,从而获得超轻、高弹、高强的发泡材料。
广东科进尼龙管道制品有限公司和中国科学院化学研究所的专利《泡沫聚氨酯改性MC尼龙复合材料及其制备方法》(授权公开号:CN 103834163B)公开了一种泡沫聚氨酯改性MC尼龙复合材料及其制备方法,通过化学合成的方法制备聚氨酯(PU)和MC尼龙(也称浇铸尼龙)的复合材料,而本专利采用物理机械共混的方法,选用的材料也有很大的差异,TPU指热塑性弹性体,Pebax是嵌段聚醚酰胺弹性体,所以最终获得的产品有本质的区别。
关于TPU材料共混的专利有很多。比如,巴斯夫欧洲公司的专利《由聚交酯(PLA)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)制备共混物的方法》(申请公布号:CN 103003360A)公开了一种由聚交酯(PLA)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)制备共混物的方法。路博润高级材料公司的专利《阻燃热塑性聚氨酯组合物》(申请公布号:CN 103403093A)公开了一种配合特定TPU与聚膦酸酯均聚物或共聚物的制备方法。但是,以上专利没有涉及到如何制备聚合物共混物的发泡材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料及其制备方法,本发明要解决的技术问题是:为了解决TPU材料制品密度大易收缩,产品不耐水,耐候性差,易黄变等问题,以及生产Pebax产品成本高的问题,最后获得一种超轻、高弹、高强的发泡材料。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡珠粒材料,按照重量份数的配方为:Pebax与TPU的总份数为100份,Pebax与TPU的重量比为10:90—90:10,将两种材料通过双螺杆挤出机共混造粒,通过超临界发泡的方法制备Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料。
一种Pebax/TPU发泡材料的制备方法,其具体步骤包括:
(1)制备Pebax/TPU共混材料,将Pebax和TPU两种原料在烘箱中烘干去除水分,按照配方将Pebax和TPU共混,通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,螺杆转速60-120r/min,制得Pebax/TPU共混材料,挤出机一区温度为:153℃,二区温度为155℃,三区温度为158℃,四区温度为160℃,机头温度为163℃。
(2)超临界珠粒发泡
将挤出的粒子样品放入高压反应釜中,加入水,开启搅拌桨,通入超临界流体并升温、加压使其变为超临界状态,超临界流体在材料中达到饱和后,采用快速降压法,制得微孔发泡材料。其中超临界流体为CO2,N2、丁烷、戊烷中的一种或多种。
反应釜温度为100-140℃,用超临界注气系统将超临界流体注入高压釜内,使压力达到5-30MPa,恒温、恒压饱和0.5-4h,然后迅速卸压至常压,得到发泡珠粒材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.Pebax/TPU发泡材料具有密度小,耐腐蚀,回弹性和力学性能良好等优点。
2.本发明采用超临界发泡方法,制备得到的材料无毒、环保、无污染。
附图说明
图1本发明制备方法中,实施例1的扫描电镜图;
图2本发明制备方法中,实施例2的扫描电镜图;
图3本发明制备方法中,实施例3的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
本发明下面将通过参考实施例进行更详细的描述,单本发明的保护范围并不受限于这些实施例。
实施例1-3
按照重量份数,以不同的Pebax、TPU比例分成三组,采用N2和戊烷作为物理发泡剂,进行超临界发泡,具体配方、工艺参数及密度见表1。
实施例1-3具体步骤如下:
(1)将Pebax和TPU两种原料在70℃烘箱中烘干8小时,按照配方称量,将Pebax和TPU共混,通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,螺杆转速60-120r/min,制得Pebax/TPU共混材料的颗粒,挤出机一区温度为:153℃,二区温度为155℃,三区温度为158℃,四区温度为160℃,机头温度为163℃;
(2)将Pebax/TPU共混颗粒放入高压反应釜中,加入水,再加入戊烷,开启搅拌桨,通入N2,并升温、加压,然后恒温、恒压饱和后,采用快速降压法,泄压,最后制得弹性体微孔发泡颗粒。
表1
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | |
TPU/Pebax | 25/75 | 50/50 | 75/25 |
饱和温度(℃) | 120 | 126 | 120 |
通入气体 | N<sub>2</sub> | N<sub>2</sub> | N<sub>2</sub> |
饱和压力(mPa) | 9 | 10 | 10 |
饱和时间(h) | 1 | 2 | 2 |
密度(g/cm<sup>3</sup>) | 0.438 | 0.237 | 0.176 |
上述依据本发明的理想实施例为其实,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想范围内,进行多样的变革以及修改。本想发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)发泡材料的原料为Pebax和TPU,Pebax与TPU的总份数为100份,Pebax与TPU的重量比为10:90-90:10;
2)将Pebax和TPU两种原料在70℃烘箱中烘干8小时,按照配方称量,将Pebax和TPU共混,通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,螺杆转速60-120r/min,制得Pebax/TPU共混材料的颗粒,挤出机一区温度为153℃,二区温度为155℃,三区温度为158℃,四区温度为160℃,机头温度为163℃;
3)将Pebax/TPU共混颗粒放入高压反应釜中,加入水,再加入戊烷,开启搅拌桨,通入N2,并升温、加压,反应釜温度为100-140℃,压力达到5-30MPa,然后恒温、恒压饱和0.5-4h后,采用快速降压法,泄压,最后制得弹性体微孔发泡颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种Pebax/TPU共混发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述TPU为聚酯型TPU或聚醚型TPU或聚酯型与聚醚型的混合物。
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