CN108239068A - 一种烟酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种烟酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- 210000004003 subcutaneous fat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002877 time resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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Abstract
本发明公开了一类新化合物N‑3‑(4‑R2取代)‑(1‑R1取代苯并咪唑)‑(1’‑R3取代)‑2’‑氧代‑烟酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法与应用。所述化合物的结构式如式I所示,式I中,R1、R2、R3如权利要求和说明书所述。本发明的化合物具有很好的抗糖尿病活性,在制备抗糖尿病药物领域,可以用作治疗糖尿病的治疗剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,特别是制备抗糖尿病药物技术领域,具体是一种N-3-(4-R2取代)-(1-R1取代苯并咪唑)-(1’-R3取代)-2’-氧代-烟酰胺类抗糖尿病化合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
随着生活水平提高及人口寿命的延长,糖尿病发病率迅速增长,全世界大约有8.4%的人口患有糖尿病,预计到2020年患病人口将高达5.5亿。糖尿病有I型和II型糖尿病之分,其中II型糖尿病患者的比率占到95%,II型糖尿病的病因主要是由于机体不能充分正常的利用胰岛素,从而导致糖代谢的失衡,引发高血糖和及其并发症。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)是核受体家族中的一个非常重要的成员,它们在调节糖代谢和脂类平衡方面具有重要的功能。现在PPARγ已经作为一个重要的药物筛选靶标用于治疗糖尿病、肥胖症、癌症等。
皮下脂肪组织随着年龄的增长而逐渐减少,它的调节是开发抗老化化合物来改善人皮肤的光老化的一种策略。人脂肪组织的脂肪细胞组织间充质干细胞可以作为一个模型,发现新的抗衰老化合物。
目前,市场上最常见的噻唑二酮(TDZ)类的抗糖尿病药物有罗格列酮、吡格列酮等,但该类药毒副作用很大,在欧美国家的使用已受到了不同程度的限制毒副作用较大,此类药物市场销售发展受到了限制,因此研发新型毒副作用小,效果好的抗糖尿病药物非常关键和必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种抗糖尿病化合物制备方法及用途。该抗糖尿病化合物是N-3-(4-R2取代)-(1-R1取代苯并咪唑)-(1’-R3取代)-2’-氧代-烟酰胺类衍生物。该类化合物有较好的抗糖尿病活性,可以作为新型抗糖尿病药物,用于预防或者治疗糖尿病及其糖尿病并发症。
本发明提供N-3-(4-R2取代)-(1-R1取代苯并咪唑)-(1’-R3取代)-2’-氧代-烟酰胺类衍生物及其盐,其结构通式如式I所示:
其中,
R1为H,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基;
R2为C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,卤素;
R3为C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,取代或未取代的6-10元芳基或5-10元杂环基,所述的杂环基含有1-3个N,O或S的杂原子;所述取代基为:C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,卤素。
本发明优选通式I所示的衍生物及其盐:
其中,
R1为H,C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基;
R2为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素;
R3为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,取代或未取代的6元芳基或5-6元杂环基,所述的杂环基含有1-3个N,O或S的杂原子;所述取代基为:C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素。
本发明优选通式I所示的衍生物及其盐:
其中,
R1为H,C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基;
R2为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素;
R3为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,取代或未取代的苯基,所述取代基为:C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素。
本发明优选通式I所示的衍生物及其盐:
其中,
R1为H,C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基;
R2为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素;
R3为取代或未取代的苯基,所述取代基为:C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素。
本发明优选通式I所示的衍生物及其盐:
其中,
R1为H,甲基,乙基;
R2为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素;
R3为取代或未取代的苯基,所述取代基为:C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素。
本发明优选通式I所示的衍生物及其盐:
其中,
R1为H,甲基,乙基;
R2为氯,氟,溴,甲基,乙基;
R3为取代或未取代的苯基,所述取代基为:C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素。
本发明优选通式I所示的衍生物及其盐:
其中,
R1为H,甲基,乙基;
R2为氯,氟,溴,甲基,乙基;
R3为取代或未取代的苯基,所述取代基为氟、氯。
本发明优选如下结构的衍生物及其盐:
本发明的衍生物可与无机酸或有机酸反应形成盐,其中所述无机酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸;所述的有机酸为甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、柠檬酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸或酒石酸。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,包含所述的衍生物及其盐和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
本发明还提供了该衍生物的制备方法,本发明提供的制备上述衍生物的方法,合成步骤简便且易于操作。该类化合物具有非常好的抗糖尿病活性,在制备抗糖尿病药物领域,具有重要的实用价值和应用前景。
本发明提供的制备式I所述衍生物的方法,包括如下步骤:
1)使式II所示化合物与邻苯二胺发生缩合、环合、还原反应,得到式III所示化合物。
其中,式II、III中R2的定义同式I中R2。
2)使式IV所示化合物与2-羟基烟酸甲酯反应得到式V所示化合物;然后在碱性条件下水解得到式VI化合物;
其中,式IV、V、VI中R1的定义同式I中R1。
3)使式III所述化合物与式VI所示化合物在缩合剂存在下进行缩合反应,得到式I所示化合物。
上述方法,步骤1)中式II所示化合物与邻苯二胺进行缩合反应的反应介质为四氢呋喃;进行环合反应的反应介质为冰醋酸,反应条件为110℃加热回流,反应时间为2-6小时,优选4小时;还原反应条件为氯化亚锡酸性条件。
步骤2)中所述偶联反应的反应介质为DMF;所述碱性条件由1~2M的氢氧化钠水溶液与乙醇的混合溶液提供,其中水与乙醇的体积比为1:1~1:10。
步骤3)中所述缩合反应的反应介质为THF,反应条件为室温,反应时间为8-12小时,具体选择8小时。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行说明,但本发明并不局限于此。
下述实施例中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述试剂和生物材料,如无特殊说明,均为市售。
实施例1N-(3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯基)-1-(4-氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酰胺的制备(化合物1)
步骤1)N-(2-氨基苯基)-2-氯-5-硝基苯甲酰胺的合成
于100mL圆底烧瓶中,2-氯-5-硝基苯甲酸2.01g(10mmol)溶于50mL无水四氢呋喃,加入草酰氯5ml,滴加3滴DMF,室温搅拌4小时。旋蒸浓缩得淡黄色的2-氯-5-硝基苯甲酰氯固体,无水四氢呋喃溶解,待用。于另一100mL圆底烧瓶中,邻苯二胺2.16(20mmol)溶于40mL无水四氢呋喃,加入5ml三乙胺,冰浴下缓慢滴加2-氯-5-硝基苯甲酰氯的四氢呋喃溶液,常温搅拌过夜,浓缩,加入水100ml后析出固体,抽滤,用水洗涤,得到深黄色N-(2-氨基苯基)-2-甲基-5-硝基苯甲酰胺固体。
步骤2)2-(2-氯-5-硝基苯基)-1H-苯并[d]咪唑的合成
于100mL圆底烧瓶中,N-(2-氨基苯基)-2-氯-5-硝基苯甲酰胺1.45g(5mmol)溶于20ml冰乙酸,110℃下回流3小时。将淡黄色透明液倒入水中,水层黄色浑浊,加入饱和碳酸氢钠调至弱酸,有大量乳白色絮状固体析出,抽滤,收集滤饼,硅胶拌样,柱色谱,洗脱剂(PE:EA=6:1~9:1),旋蒸浓缩得淡黄色2-(2-氯-5-硝基苯基)-1H-苯并[d]咪唑固体。
步骤3)3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯胺的合成
将2-(2-氯-5-硝基苯基)-1H-苯并[d]咪唑0.68g(2.5mmol)溶到乙醇中,加入氯化亚锡2.6g(12.8mmol),80℃回流8小时。旋蒸浓缩母液得到褐色的盐酸水溶液,溶于水变成淡黄的透明液,用氢氧化钠调节到弱碱性,等量乙酸乙酯萃取两遍,饱和食盐水洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,过滤,旋蒸浓缩得暗黄色3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯胺固体。
结构确证数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ,9.88(s,1H),8.54(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),8.29(dd,J=8.7Hz,2.7Hz,1H),7.86(d,J=8.7Hz),7.25(dd,J=7.8Hz,1.5Hz,1H),6.99(dt,J=7.8Hz,1.5Hz,1H),6.75(dd,J=7.8Hz,1.5Hz,1H),6.59(dt,J=7.5Hz,1.5Hz,1H),5.00(s,2H)。
步骤4)(4-氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酸的合成
于100mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-羟基烟酸甲酯1.53g(10mmol),碳酸钾2.76g(20mmol),DMF 50ml,4-氟氯苄1.73g(12mmol),50℃下反应8h,浓缩除去DMF,倒入水中,二氯甲烷萃取,浓缩得到油状产物,之后直接加入乙醇:水:氢氧化钠(7:3:1.5mol)溶液50ml,80℃下反应0.5h,浓缩,反应液用1M盐酸调节pH 5-6,大量白色固体析出,抽滤,得白色(4-氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酸固体。
结构确证数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ14.42(s,1H),8.41(dt,J=6.8,1.9Hz,2H),7.44(dd,J=8.6,5.6Hz,2H),7.21(t,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.77(t,J=6.9Hz,1H),5.30(s,2H).
步骤5)N-(3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯基)-1-(4-氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酰胺的合成
在50ml的圆底烧瓶中加入0.001mol的3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯胺,DIPEA 0.52ml(0.003mol)以及THF 5ml,搅拌下加入0.001mol的制备的(4-氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酸,HOBt 0.15g(0.001mol),0.21g EDCI(0.001mol),反应24小时,用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗涤,二氯甲烷萃取30ml×3,再用2M的稀HCl溶液洗涤,浓缩,析出白色粉末状结晶,抽滤,水洗涤,干燥,便得到所要的目标化合物。需要纯化时,采用硅胶柱色谱分离,流动相采用二氯甲烷和甲醇系统(1:0~20:1)。
结构确证数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ12.82(s,1H),12.31(s,1H),8.52(dd,J=7.3,2.0Hz,1H),8.37(dd,J=6.5,2.0Hz,1H),8.31(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.91(dd,J=8.8,2.6Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=5.7,3.2Hz,2H),7.64(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=8.5,5.6Hz,2H),7.31–7.25(m,2H),7.23(t,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.72(t,J=6.9Hz,1H),5.33(s,2H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ162.2,162.1,162.0,149.2,144.7,144.6,144.5,137.9,133.0,133.0,131.5,130.6,130.5,126.2,123.1,122.8,122.6,120.2,116.0,115.9,115.8,115.7,107.8,52.3.
选用其它取代的氯苄,采用与上完全相同的制备方法,得到其它(取代苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酸,最后与3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯胺缩合,便得到其它式I中的产物。
实施例2N-(3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酰胺的制备(化合物2)
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ12.75(s,1H),12.35(s,1H),8.47(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),8.29(s,2H),7.89(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.63–7.58(m,2H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.27–7.23(m,2H),6.92(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.67(t,J=6.5Hz,1H),5.24(s,2H),3.72(s,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ162.2,162.1,159.5,149.2,144.5,144.4,143.6,137.9,135.2,131.52,130.6,130.0(2C),128.8,126.2,123.3,123.1,122.6,122.2,120.1,119.6,114.6(2C),112.3,107.7,55.6,52.4.
实施例3N-(3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯基)-1-(2,4-二氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酰胺的制备(化合物3)
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ12.77(s,1H),12.31(s,1H),8.51(dd,J=7.3,2.0Hz,1H),8.37(dd,J=6.4Hz,1.6Hz,1H),8.31(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),7.91(dd,J=8.8,2.6Hz,1H),7.68(s,2H),7.64(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=8.6,5.6Hz,2H),7.29–7.26(m,2H),7.22(t,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.71(t,J=6.9Hz,1H),5.32(s,2H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ162.2,162.1,162.0,149.2,144.7(2C),144.5,137.9,133.0,132.9,131.5,130.6,130.6,130.6,126.2,123.1,122.8(2C),122.6,120.2,116.1,115.9(2C),107.8,52.3.
实施例4N-(3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)-4-氯苯基)-1-(2,6-二氟苄基)-2-氧代-吡啶-3-甲酰胺的制备(化合物4)
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ12.79(s,1H),12.10(s,1H),8.50(dd,J=7.3,2.0Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.86(dd,J=8.8,2.6Hz,1H),7.67(s,2H),7.61(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.50–7.42(m,1H),7.25(dd,J=6.0,3.1Hz,2H),7.14(t,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.69(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),5.38(s,2H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ161.6,162.0,161.9,161.4,149.2,145.2,144.9,137.8,131.5,131.3,131.2,130.6,126.2,122.8,122.7,120.0,112.4,112.3,112.0,111.8,107.30,43.63.
活性测试实施例1 PPARγ竞争结合试验
在制备完整的TR-FRET-PPAR缓冲液之前使缓冲容器达到室温,用1mol/L的DTT加入TR-FRET-PPAR缓冲液,使最终得到5mmol/L的浓度。
将测试化合物在TR-FRET-PPAR缓冲液中稀释至2X浓度并混均匀。
在室温下用TR-FRET-PPAR缓冲液来稀释之前储备好的溶液100倍来制备一个4X地塞米松Pan-PPAR Green溶液(20nM),在室温下至少稳定两小时。
在常温下用TR-FRET-PPAR缓冲液制备一个含有20nM的Tb anti-GST抗体(4X)和4XPPARγ蛋白,轻微震荡几次使其混合均匀。
将Tb anti-GST抗体加入TR-FRET-PPAR缓冲液使之浓度为20nM(4X)。
在一个微量滴定板上,吸取试剂,在板上摇晃30秒并混合均匀。
覆盖试验板防止试剂见光和蒸发,室温下(20-25℃)孵化1~6小时。
在520nm和495nm测量荧光信号,计算TR-FRET值,绘制曲线,计算IC50值。
化合物的IC50(单位μM)值
PPARγ | |
化合物1 | 1.2 |
化合物2 | 60.2 |
化合物3 | 0.2 |
化合物4 | 0.4 |
通过细胞和激酶测试实验结果表明,本发明的化合物具有很好的PPARγ抑制活性,特别是化合物3和4达到了纳摩尔,比阳性对照药格列本脲(IC50=3μM)的活性要好。
并且初期的细胞毒性试验也表明,该类化合物的毒性很小,具有很好的开发价值。
Claims (10)
1.通式(I)所示的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
R1为H,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基;
R2为C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,卤素;
R3为C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,取代或未取代的6-10元芳基或5-10元杂环基,所述的杂环基含有1-3个N,O或S的杂原子;所述取代基为:C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,卤素。
2.权利要求1所述的通式(I)所示的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
R2为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,卤素;优选为卤素、甲基、乙基。
3.权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
R3为C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基,取代或未取代的6-10元芳基或5-10元杂环基,所述的杂环基含有1-3个N,O或S的杂原子;优选为未取代或卤素取代的苯基。
4.权利要求1-3任何一项所述的通式(I)所示的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
R1为H,C1-C4烷基,C1-C4烷氧基;优选为H、甲基、乙基。
5.如下的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
6.如权利要求1-5任何一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述的盐为通式I的衍生物与无机酸或有机酸反应形成的盐,其中所述无机酸为盐酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸;所述的有机酸为甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、柠檬酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸或酒石酸。
7.一种药物组合物,包含权利要求1-6任何一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
8.如权利要求1所述的衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,
1)使式II所示化合物与邻苯二胺发生缩合、环合、还原反应,得到式III所示化合物;
其中,式II、III中R2的定义同式I中R2;
2)使式IV所示化合物与2-羟基烟酸甲酯反应得到式V所示化合物;然后在碱性条件下水解得到式VI化合物;
其中,式IV、V、VI中R1的定义同式I中R1;
3)使式III所述化合物与式VI所示化合物在缩合剂存在下进行缩合反应,得到式I所示化合物;
其中,R1、R2、R3如权利要求1所述。
9.如权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
步骤1)中式II所示化合物与邻苯二胺进行缩合反应的反应介质为四氢呋喃;进行环合反应的反应介质为冰醋酸,反应条件为110℃加热回流,反应时间为2-6小时,还原反应条件为氯化亚锡酸性条件;
步骤2)中所述偶联反应的反应介质为DMF;所述碱性条件由1~2M的氢氧化钠水溶液与乙醇的混合溶液提供,其中水与乙醇的体积比为1:1~1:10;
步骤3)中所述缩合反应的反应介质为THF,反应条件为室温,反应时间为8-12小时。
10.权利要求1-6任何一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求7所述的药物组合物在制备治疗糖尿病药物中的应用。
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