CN108232508B - 用于不受力地接触在印刷电路板上的插接连接器 - Google Patents

用于不受力地接触在印刷电路板上的插接连接器 Download PDF

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CN108232508B
CN108232508B CN201711329690.5A CN201711329690A CN108232508B CN 108232508 B CN108232508 B CN 108232508B CN 201711329690 A CN201711329690 A CN 201711329690A CN 108232508 B CN108232508 B CN 108232508B
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contact
plug connector
piece
printed circuit
circuit board
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CN108232508A (zh
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M·林德卡普
R·巴斯曼
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Harting Electronics GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639—Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
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    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
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    • H01R4/242—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members being plates having a single slot
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Abstract

涉及用于安装于印刷电路板(2)的插接连接器(1)，插接连接器(1)具有有至少两个接触元件(4)的接触件(3)，接触元件能在连接侧分别与单导线(7)连接且在插接侧与印刷电路板(2)的导电轨连接，插接连接器(1)具有连接件(6)，其包括单导线(7)且在其每个的区域具有凹空部(9)，各个接触元件(4)接入凹空部中以在单导线(7)和接触元件(4)间电连接。涉及按以下工艺步骤制造插接连接器(1)的方法：以注塑工艺形成接触件(3)，具有切夹式接线端的至少两个接触元件(4)插入、卡合或直接注塑包覆在接触件中，以注塑工艺形成连接件(6)，在此将至少两个分别具有线缆包皮的单导线(7)置入注塑工具且注塑包覆。

Description

用于不受力地接触在印刷电路板上的插接连接器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于安装在印刷电路板上的插接连接器。
这种插接连接器通常以连续的线缆束的分支例如用于在电梯井道中布线。
背景技术
传统的用于安装在印刷电路板上的插接连接器通常焊接在印刷电路板上。虽然这种接触相当稳固，但是相应的插接连接器在需要的情况下的更换会相当麻烦。
能够可逆地插接在印刷电路板上的插接连接器在插接过程中在印刷电路板上引起机械应力。由此印刷电路板在几个插接周期之后就已经发生损坏。
EP 3 044 833 A1示出了一种插接连接器，其具有接触元件，接触元件能够从侧面抓接到印刷电路板的导电轨上。这种插接连接器能够轻松更换。但是这种插接连接器的缺点是，其仅能够从侧面接到印刷电路板上。印刷电路板必须严格与这种插接连接器匹配。此外，这种插接连接器的接触能够通过线缆束的机械运动而松开，由此会轻易出现故障。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出用于安装在印刷电路板上的插接连接器，其能够轻松更换且同时印刷电路板仅承受很小的机械应力。
该目的通过以下特征实现，提供一种用于安装在印刷电路板上的插接连接器，其中，所述插接连接器具有接触件，所述接触件具有至少两个接触元件，所述至少两个接触元件在连接侧能够分别与单导线连接且在插接侧与所述印刷电路板的导电轨连接，其中，所述插接连接器具有连接件，该连接件包括单导线且在每个单导线的区域中该连接件具有凹空部，各有一个接触元件接入所述凹空部中以在单导线和接触元件之间电连接，所述单导线的线缆包皮在所述凹空部的区域中已被轻微地预先刻划或刻划。
根据本发明的插接连接器用于安装在印刷电路板上。插接连接器具有接触件。在接触件中布置至少两个接触元件，它们在连接侧能够分别与单导线连接且在插接侧能够与印刷电路板的导电轨连接。接触件由塑料制成。接触元件卡合在接触件中或它们直接以注塑工艺注塑包覆。
插接连接器具有连接件。在连接件中布置至少两个单导线，它们能够与接触件中的至少两个接触元件电连接。单导线至少部分地被连接件的塑料材料围绕或包围。连接件在每个单导线的区域中具有凹空部。接触件的接触元件能够接入凹空部中以便在单导线和接触元件之间电连接。
在本发明的有利的变型方案中，单导线由塑料材料注塑包覆。此时，连接件由塑料材料和其包围的单导线形成。
该变型方案在插接这种插接连接器时提供优点。单导线不再需要置入且整理在所谓的线缆管理器中。这种插接连接器例如为服务技术人员提供很大优点，尤其在插接连接器位于很难到达的部位上且必须被更换时。
优选地，接触元件在连接侧构造成切夹式接线端或刺穿式接头。由此插接连接器能够轻松地组装。切夹式接线端可穿入连接件中的单导线的线缆包皮且由此在接触元件和单导线之间建立电接触。刺穿式接头可同样穿破单导线的线缆包皮且由此引起电接触。但是，在后者的情况下，单导线此时应构造成所谓的绞合线导体。
有利地，接触件具有至少一个引导肋/杆。通过引导肋/杆可使连接件配合精确地对准接触件。由此接触元件在连接侧精确地引入连接件的为此设置的凹空部中。插接连接器的简单组装由此实现。
在本发明的特别优选的变型方案中，接触件具有至少两个引导连接肋/杆(steg，连接件)。引导连接肋/杆布置在接触件的端侧上。由此确保在组装时特别精确地引导以及使接触元件将力均匀地传递到相应的单导线上。
优选地，连接件和接触件经由至少一个螺钉彼此连接。螺钉连接可再次简单地松开。每个服务技术人员手边都有螺丝刀。在接触件具有两个在端侧形成的引导连接肋/杆时，有利的是，连接件和接触件经由刚好一个螺钉彼此连接且螺钉布置在中间。
在本发明的另一变型方案中，连接件和接触件经由两个螺钉彼此连接。螺钉分别布置在插接连接器的端侧上。在这种情况下，插接连接器在中间具有引导连接肋/杆。该变型方案也能够精确地且简单地组装。
有利地，一个螺钉或多个螺钉具有无螺纹的区域和螺纹区域。由此螺钉承担双重功能。一方面螺钉承担引导连接肋/杆的功能，由此连接件能够精确配合地对准接触件。同时螺钉使连接件和接触件彼此连接。
本发明还涉及用于制造插接连接器的方法。
在根据本发明的方法中，接触件以注塑工艺形成。在接触件中具有切夹式接线端(刀形端子接线)的至少两个接触元件插入、卡合或直接以注塑工艺注塑包覆。
此外，在注塑工艺中制造连接件。在该注塑工艺中将分别具有线缆包皮的至少两个单导线置入注塑工具中且用塑料材料注塑包覆。此后脱模的塑料材料与单导线一起形成连接件。在该工艺步骤中单导线的数量可任意变化。在此没有使用扁平电缆而是明确地使用单导线。
在制造连接件时，在注塑工具中引入所谓的滑动芯轴。通过滑动芯轴形成在连接件的单导线的区域中的凹空部。
但是滑动芯轴还可承担非常重要的双重功能。在将滑动芯轴引入注塑工具中时，预处理置入注塑工具中的单导线的线缆包皮。即，线缆包皮分别由滑动芯轴刻划。通过在凹空部区域中提前刻划线缆包皮可借助很小的力将单导线引入接触元件的构造成切夹式接线端的连接区域中。通过滑动芯轴预处理线缆包皮能够几乎不费力地配合连接件和接触件。此时还需要用于将导线引入接触元件的相应连接区域中的剩余的力完全地被接触件截获。没有力传递到印刷电路板上，从而在插接连接器和印刷电路板之间的电接触没有受到机械负荷。由此插接连接器显示出使用寿命非常长的方案。在需要的情况下可将新的连接件和其包围的新的单导线连接到在印刷电路板上的(旧的)接触件上。
用于制造连接件和接触件的工艺步骤可以任意顺序进行。无所谓两个部件中的哪一个，连接件还是接触件首先制造。理想地，两个工艺步骤在不同机械上并行地进行。
然后将接触件固定在印刷电路板上且位于其中的接触元件与印刷电路板的相应导电轨接触。理想地，在此使用焊接工艺。
在接下来的工艺步骤中，接触件和连接件配合。对此分别有一个接触元件与单导线电接触。接触元件在此在连接侧接合到连接件的为此设置的凹空部中。
然后，接触件与连接件可逆地连接。理想地，接触件和连接件彼此螺接。
附图说明
本发明的实施例在附图中示出且在下面详细阐述。其中：
图1示出了焊接在印刷电路板上的接触件的第一实施方式的透视示意图；
图2示出了焊接在印刷电路板上的接触件以及连接件的第一实施方式的透视示意图；
图3示出了接触件与连接件的第一实施方式的连接过程的透视示意图；
图4示出了连接件的第二实施方式的透视示意图；
图5示出了连接件的第二实施方式与接触件的第二实施方式的连接过程的剖视图(在此没有示出塑料体)；
图6示出了根据第二实施方式的插接连接器的透视示意图；以及
图7示出了用于根据本发明的插接连接器的连接件的制造方法的示意图。
附图包含部分简化的示意图。部分地，对于相同的元件使用相同的附图标记，但是必要时对于不同的元件使用相同的附图标记。相同元件的不同视图可按不同尺寸比例示出。
具体实施方式
图1示出了焊接有接触件3的印刷电路板2。焊点位于印刷电路板2的下侧且在此处示出的附图中不可见。在接触件3中卡入接触元件4，接触元件在连接侧构造成切夹式接线端。在此也称为切夹式(刀形端子)触头。接触件3在端侧分别具有螺钉5。螺钉5分别具有无螺纹的区域和螺纹区域。
图2除了接触件3以外还示出了连接件6。在连接件6中以注塑工艺插入多个单导线7。单导线7可实施为不同的且例如具有不同直径。连接件6可通过装配单导线7来单独定制。单导线7的线缆包皮(层)通过注塑工艺与连接件6的塑料材料粘结，使得单导线7不可松开且不可移动地布置在连接件6中。连接件6包括端侧的凹空部8，在将连接件6和接触件3插接在一起的过程中凹空部与接触件3的螺钉5对齐。在连接件6中形成凹空部9，凹空部设置在单导线7的区域中。凹空部9以注塑工艺通过所谓的滑动芯轴(滑动件)制成，将滑动芯轴插入注塑模具中。通过滑动芯轴预处理各个单导线7的线缆包皮。即，单导线7的线缆包皮在凹空部9的区域中已被轻微地预先刻划或刻划。
图3示出了接触件3和连接件6的插接过程。通过插接过程形成根据本发明的插接连接器1。通过插入对应的凹空部8中的螺钉5的无螺纹的区域使得接触件3和连接件6相对彼此精确对准。在借助简单的螺丝刀10将接触件3和连接件6拧紧在一起时，接触件3的切夹式接线端4插入连接件6的为单导线7分配的凹空部9中。通过上面所述的对单导线7的预处理能够仅消耗很小的力就可使接触元件4的切夹式接线端穿透单导线7的线缆包皮。单导线7和对应的接触元件4的电接触可近似无力地进行。在接合接触件3和连接件6时所需的力完全由接触件3吸收。在该过程中印刷电路板2不受机械负荷，这明显提高了插接连接器1的使用寿命。通过该结构也能够在需要时将新的连接件6固定在旧的接触件3上。
在图4至图6中示出了根据本发明的插接连接器1的可替代的实施方式。该实施方式与第一实施方式的不同主要在于，在接触件3和连接件6之间的固定机构。连接件6在侧面包括连接肋/杆11。接触件3在侧面具有L形的操作臂12，分别有引导槽13引入该操作臂中。操作臂12能够运动地支承在接触件3上。
在图5中示出了连接件6如何与接触件3接合。连接件6的侧面的连接肋/杆11接合到接触件3的操作臂12的相应引导槽13中。通过使操作臂12向内、沿箭头15的方向摆动，将切夹式接线端4引入连接件6的凹空部9中。对此，预处理的单导线7引入对应的接触元件4的切夹式接线端区域中，由此产生在接触元件4和对应单导线7之间的电接触。根据图5至图6的实施方式在没有其他工具的情况下完全能应付且服务技术人员由此能够特别轻松安装。通过将操作臂12向外(反向于箭头15)摆开进行拆除。通过操作臂使得用于安装和拆卸连接件6的力完全由接触件3支承。由此印刷电路板2防止受到机械损伤。
在图7中示意性示出了用于制造连接件6的方法，该连接件应用在根据本发明的插接连接器1中。单导线7(必要时具有不同的强度以及电特性)支承在滚轮14上。在第一工艺步骤A中，将期望数量的单导线7结合且成束。但是没有具体形成扁平电缆。单导线7能够任意地调换/选择滚轮。单导线7的数量也可任意选择。因此此处提及的工艺特别灵活。单导线7彼此平行并排地布置。在接下来的工艺步骤B中，成束的单导线7引入注塑模具中且通过塑料材料注塑包覆。由此产生根据本发明的连接件6。在工艺步骤C中，切割成束的单导线7。对此根据插接连接器1的应用领域，切割长度可发生变化。
在可替代的变型方案中，在工艺步骤B中立刻将两个塑料体彼此带有很小间距地喷注到成束的单导线上。在此，如果例如服务技术人员已经消耗了第一塑料体的插接周期，则第二塑料体用作第二插接方案。由此防止必须同时更换所有单导线。该方案不仅避免了维护费用，而且同时也尤其对环境无害，因为产生很少的废料。
接触件3同样在注塑工艺中制造。这种工艺步骤可与上述工艺步骤并行进行。然后将接触件3焊接在印刷电路板2上。
附图标记列表
1 插接连接器
2 印刷电路板
3 接触件
4 接触元件
5 螺钉
6 连接件
7 单导线
8 凹空部
9 凹空部
10 螺丝刀
11 连接肋/杆
12 操作臂
13 引导槽
14 滚轮
15 箭头
A、B、C 工艺步骤

Claims (11)

1.一种用于安装在印刷电路板(2)上的插接连接器(1)，其中，所述插接连接器(1)具有接触件(3)，所述接触件具有至少两个接触元件(4)，所述至少两个接触元件在连接侧能够分别与单导线(7)连接且在插接侧与所述印刷电路板(2)的导电轨连接，
其中，所述插接连接器(1)具有连接件(6)，该连接件包括单导线(7)且在每个单导线(7)的区域中该连接件具有凹空部(9)，各有一个接触元件(4)接入所述凹空部中以在单导线(7)和接触元件(4)之间电连接，所述单导线(7)的线缆包皮在所述凹空部(9)的区域中已被轻微地预先刻划或刻划。
2.根据权利要求1所述的插接连接器，其中，所述单导线(7)由塑料材料注塑包覆且塑料材料与所述单导线(7)形成所述连接件(6)。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插接连接器，其中，所述接触元件(4)在连接侧构造成切夹式接线端或刺穿式接头。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的插接连接器，其中，所述接触件(3)具有至少一个引导连接件，由此所述连接件(6)配合精确地与所述接触件(3)对准。
5.根据前一项权利要求所述的插接连接器，其中，所述接触件(3)具有至少两个引导连接件，该引导连接件分别布置在端侧上。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的插接连接器，其中，所述连接件(6)和所述接触件(3)经由至少一个螺钉(5)彼此连接。
7.根据前一项权利要求所述的插接连接器，其中，所述连接件(6)和所述接触件(3)经由两个螺钉(5)彼此连接，其中，所述螺钉(5)分别布置在端侧上。
8.根据权利要求6所述的插接连接器，其中，所述连接件(6)和所述接触件(3)经由刚好一个螺钉(5)彼此连接且所述螺钉(5)布置在中间。
9.根据权利要求6所述的插接连接器，其中，一个螺钉(5)或多个螺钉(5)具有无螺纹的区域和螺纹区域，由此所述连接件(6)精确配合地对准所述接触件(3)且同时所述连接件(6)和所述接触件(3)彼此可逆地连接。
10.用于制造插接连接器(1)的方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
以注塑工艺形成接触件(3)，其中，具有切夹式接线端的至少两个接触元件(4)插入、卡合或直接注塑包覆在所述接触件中，
以注塑工艺形成连接件(6)，其中在此，将至少两个分别具有线缆包皮的单导线(7)置入注塑工具中且注塑包覆，
在所述连接件(6)中通过在所述注塑工具中引入滑动芯轴分别在所述单导线的区域中形成凹空部(9)，所述滑动芯轴预处理所述单导线(7)的线缆包皮，即，所述单导线(7)的线缆包皮在所述凹空部(9)的区域中已被轻微地预先刻划或刻划。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用于制造插接连接器(1)的方法，
将所述接触件(3)固定在印刷电路板(2)上，
所述接触件(3)与所述连接件(6)配合，由此各一个接触元件(4)与单导线(7)电接触。
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