CN108189170B - 一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108189170B
CN108189170B CN201711278132.0A CN201711278132A CN108189170B CN 108189170 B CN108189170 B CN 108189170B CN 201711278132 A CN201711278132 A CN 201711278132A CN 108189170 B CN108189170 B CN 108189170B
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CN108189170A (zh
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刘芳伊
何少雄
张建初
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Hunan Zhongnan Shenjian Bamboo & Wood Co ltd
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Yiwu Junsheng Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于纤维板制备技术领域,具体涉及一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法。将自制的脱竹纤维与杨木粉混合,经湿压、干燥、涂胶、热压得到竹质高密度纤维板,在烧碱处理竹纤维过程中,水溶液中钠离子向竹纤维表面的扩散,纤维开始溶胀,溶胀过程与吸附过程达到平衡,渗透终止,形成超细微孔结构的竹纤维结构,竹纤维对挥发性毒物如游离甲醛具有很好的吸附作用,大豆蛋白质经过改性处理后被破坏,与木粉、甲醛等交联得到表面疏水结构的胶黏剂,大豆蛋白质与苯酚发生交联反应,使甲醛起到稳定剂和交联剂的作用,改性大豆蛋白的稳定性对甲醛的释放起到抑制作用,从而提高了大豆蛋白的防潮性能,抑制了胶黏剂中甲醛的释放,应用前景广阔。

Description

一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纤维板制备技术领域,具体涉及一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,我国高密度纤维板业发展非常迅速,由于中纤板企业对木材原料的依赖性很大,木材原料的紧缺已严重影响到纤维板的生产,所以已逐渐被高密度纤维板所取代。
毛竹是一种很好的生产纤维板原料。毛竹纤维的形态呈圆柱管状,壁薄腔小,长度较长但其纤维宽度较小。一般来说纤维长宽比大,交织性能好,有利于纤维之间的结合。毛竹的化学成分复杂,其主要成分是纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,其次是各种糖类、脂肪类和蛋白类物质,另外还有少量灰分元素。
目前高密度纤维板的生产方法是先将杨木,柞木和树枝的混合原料切片,蒸煮软化,加入防水剂,热磨分解成纤维,在热磨机纤维出口处加入粘胶剂,对纤维进行干燥,然后将纤维铺装成型、预压、板坯锯边、板坯热压,最终制成密度板。高密度纤维板以其优异的各项物理性能,兼容了中纤板的所有优点,广泛应用于室内外装横、办公、高档家私、音响、高级轿车内部装饰,还可用作计算机室抗静电地板、护墙板、防盗门、墙板、隔板、地板等的制作材料。
纤维板生产离不开胶粘剂。目前,脲醛树脂胶占纤维板生产用胶粘剂总量的90%以上,这些胶粘剂均含有“不稳定”因素,在PH值较低或者高潮、高湿的环境下会断链,从而分解出游离的甲醛,在热压工艺和电解质等的作用下,也会释放出游离的甲醛。另外,防水、防潮性能、防霉变性能,对人造板也是一个很重要的指标。
因此,研制出一种能够解决上述性能问题的竹质高密度纤维板非常有必要。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题,针对纤维板防潮性能差与纤维板中胶黏剂不稳定易释放游离的甲醛的缺陷,提供了一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于具体制备步骤为:
(1)取毛竹截断去掉竹节,切剖竹片,将竹片放入装有沸水的锅中蒸炼,取出竹片用木锤敲打压碎成细竹丝,将细竹丝放入装有蒸馏水的压力锅中蒸煮,得到软化的粗竹纤维;
(2)取40~50g粗竹纤维置于硫酸溶液中浸泡后,取出粗竹纤维用碳酸氢钠溶液清洗,得到酸处理的粗竹纤维,将酸处理的粗竹纤维放入鼓风干燥机中,加热升温,干燥,得到干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维;
(3)将70~80g干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维置于烧杯中,向烧杯中加入100~130mL氢氧化钠溶液、8~10g亚硫酸钠、10~12g焦磷酸钠,将烧杯置于水浴锅中,加热升温,保温,降温,继续保温,得到烧碱处理的粗竹纤维,将烧碱处理的粗竹纤维用醋酸溶液中和洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,再用清水洗涤,得到脱胶竹纤维;
(4)向带搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中加入200~220mL蒸馏水,用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH,对四口烧瓶加热升温,加入60~70g大豆粉,保温处理后,向四口烧瓶加入10~12g苯酚,降温,保温处理,继续向四口烧瓶加入20~25mL甲醛,反应,自然冷却至室温得到改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂;
(5)将杨木木材放入木材粉碎机中粉碎,过筛得到杨木粉,将20~30g杨木粉、70~75g脱胶竹纤维、100~120mL水混合得到竹纤维浆,将竹纤维浆注入带有真空脱水装置的成型槽中,空气鼓泡搅拌,静置真空脱水,得到纤维湿成形体;
(6)将纤维湿成形体置于烘箱中,加热升温,干燥,得到烘干纤维成型体,在烘干纤维成型体表面涂覆改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂后,置于热压模具中热压,得到竹质高密度纤维板。
步骤(1)所述的竹片长度为8~10cm,蒸炼时间为3~4h,细竹丝的直径为2~4mm,控制压力锅温度为200~250℃,压力锅压力为0.3~0.4MPa,蒸煮时间为3~4h。
步骤(2)所述的硫酸溶液的质量分数为30%,浸泡时间为2~3h,碳酸氢钠溶液的质量浓度为2.0~3.5g/L,碳酸氢钠溶液清洗粗竹纤维至洗涤液pH为7.0~7.5,对鼓风干燥机加热升温后温度为50~60℃,干燥时间4~5h。
步骤(3)所述的氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数为45%,升温速率为2℃/min,加热升温后温度为80~90℃,保温时间为1~2h,降温后温度为40~45℃,继续保温时间为30~35min,醋酸溶液的质量分数为85%。
步骤(4)所述的氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数为40%,氢氧化钠溶液调节蒸馏水pH为9~10,对四口烧瓶加热升温后温度为90~100℃,保温处理时间为50~55min降温后温度为70~75℃,保温处理时间为15~20min,反应时间为1~2h。
步骤(5)所述的粉碎时间为4~5h,所过筛规格为200目,空气鼓泡搅拌时间为10~15s,静置真空脱水时间为5~8min,控制脱水时真空度为70~80Pa。
步骤(6)所述的对烘箱加热升温后温度为80~90℃,干燥时间为4~5h,改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂涂覆厚度为3~4mm,热压模具的尺寸为80mm×60mm×20mm,控制热压温度为200~220℃,热压压力为0.4~0.6MPa,热压时间为6~8min。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明以毛竹经蒸煮软化、酸预处理、烧碱处理得到脱胶竹纤维,将脱竹纤维与少量杨木粉混合得到竹纤维浆,经湿压、干燥、涂胶、热压得到竹质高密度纤维板,在烧碱处理粗竹纤维过程中,水溶液中钠离子向竹纤维表面的扩散,纤维表面开始吸附钠离子,水和钠离子开始向纤维内部渗透,纤维开始溶胀,钠离子向竹纤维内部体系扩散,溶胀过程与吸附过程达到平衡,渗透终止,溶液体系与纤维体系之间的钠离子分布平衡,碱煮溶液开始物理作用于纤维时,溶剂化的钠离子到达纤维时,在快速均匀渗透的情况下,进入纤维素晶区间和孔穴、空隙及其他可及地方,使得竹纤维的果胶与木质素水解分离出竹纤维,形成超细微孔结构的竹纤维结构,竹纤维对挥发性毒物如游离甲醛具有很好的吸附作用,从而使纤维板中胶黏剂产生的甲醛无法释放到空气中,保证了纤维板周围空气质量;
(2)本发明中所用胶黏剂主要成分为大豆蛋白质,大豆蛋白可分为清蛋白和球蛋白两类,球蛋白约占大豆蛋白的90%左右,大豆球蛋白形状接近球形或椭球形,其多肽链折叠紧密,疏水的氨基酸侧链位于分子内部,亲水的侧链在外面暴露,大豆蛋白质经过改性处理后稳定蛋白质分子空间结构的次级键如氢键、范德华力、疏水作用和离子键被破坏,其有序而紧密的结构解体,埋藏在内部的疏水性及非极性侧链基团伴随着分子链的伸展松散而暴露出来,大豆蛋白质分子结构充分展开,暴露出更多的基团进一步与木粉、甲醛等交联得到表面疏水结构的胶黏剂,蛋白质与甲醛的主要反应就是蛋白质的羟甲基化,羟甲基化氨基可以进一步与苯酚进行反应,同时蛋白质分子间亚甲基桥的引入,使蛋白分子量增加,耐水性增加,这些反应使蛋白质分子的氢原子被取代,从而提高了改性后大豆蛋白的稳定性,因而通过甲醛的加入可以使大豆蛋白质停止水解并具有良好的贮存稳定性,而且可以进一步激活大豆蛋白质使其能与苯酚进一步发生交联反应,使甲醛起到稳定剂和交联剂的作用,改性大豆蛋白的稳定性对甲醛的释放也起到抑制作用,从而提高了大豆蛋白的防潮性能,抑制了胶黏剂中甲醛的释放,应用前景广阔。
具体实施方式
取毛竹截断去掉竹节,切剖成长度为8~10cm的竹片,将竹片放入装有沸水的锅中蒸炼3~4h,取出竹片用木锤敲打压碎成直径为2~4mm的细竹丝,将细竹丝放入装有蒸馏水的压力锅中蒸煮,控制压力锅温度为200~250℃,压力锅压力为0.3~0.4MPa,蒸煮3~4h后,得到软化的粗竹纤维;取40~50g粗竹纤维置于质量分数为30%的硫酸溶液中浸泡2~3h后,取出粗竹纤维用质量浓度为2.0~3.5g/L的碳酸氢钠溶液清洗至洗涤液pH为7.0~7.5,得到酸处理的粗竹纤维,将酸处理的粗竹纤维放入鼓风干燥机中,加热升温至50~60℃,干燥4~5h,得到干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维;将70~80g干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维置于烧杯中,向烧杯中加入100~130mL质量分数为45%的氢氧化钠溶液、8~10g亚硫酸钠、10~12g焦磷酸钠,将烧杯置于水浴锅中,以2℃/min的升温速率加热升温至80~90℃,保温1~2h,降温至40~45℃,继续保温30~35min,得到烧碱处理的粗竹纤维,将烧碱处理的粗竹纤维用质量分数为85%的醋酸溶液中和洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,再用清水洗涤,得到脱胶竹纤维;向带搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中加入200~220mL蒸馏水,用质量分数为40%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH到9~10,对四口烧瓶加热升温至90~100℃,加入60~70g大豆粉,保温处理50~55min后,向四口烧瓶加入10~12g苯酚,降温至70~75℃,保温处理15~20min,继续向四口烧瓶加入20~25mL甲醛,反应1~2h,自然冷却至室温得到改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂;将杨木木材放入木材粉碎机中粉碎4~5h,过200目筛得到杨木粉,将20~30g杨木粉、70~75g脱胶竹纤维、100~120mL水混合得到竹纤维浆,将竹纤维浆注入带有真空脱水装置的成型槽中,空气鼓泡搅拌10~15s,静置真空脱水5~8min,控制脱水时真空度为70~80Pa,得到纤维湿成形体;将纤维湿成形体置于烘箱中,加热升温至80~90℃,干燥4~5h,得到烘干纤维成型体,在烘干纤维成型体表面涂覆厚度为3~4mm的改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂后,置于尺寸为80mm×60mm×20mm的热压模具中热压,控制热压温度为200~220℃,热压压力为0.4~0.6MPa,热压时间为6~8min,得到竹质高密度纤维板。
实例1
取毛竹截断去掉竹节,切剖成长度为8cm的竹片,将竹片放入装有沸水的锅中蒸炼3h,取出竹片用木锤敲打压碎成直径为2mm的细竹丝,将细竹丝放入装有蒸馏水的压力锅中蒸煮,控制压力锅温度为200℃,压力锅压力为0.3MPa,蒸煮3h后,得到软化的粗竹纤维;取40g粗竹纤维置于质量分数为30%的硫酸溶液中浸泡2h后,取出粗竹纤维用质量浓度为2.0g/L的碳酸氢钠溶液清洗至洗涤液pH为7.0,得到酸处理的粗竹纤维,将酸处理的粗竹纤维放入鼓风干燥机中,加热升温至50℃,干燥4h,得到干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维;将70g干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维置于烧杯中,向烧杯中加入100mL质量分数为45%的氢氧化钠溶液、8g亚硫酸钠、10g焦磷酸钠,将烧杯置于水浴锅中,以2℃/min的升温速率加热升温至80℃,保温1h,降温至40℃,继续保温30min,得到烧碱处理的粗竹纤维,将烧碱处理的粗竹纤维用质量分数为85%的醋酸溶液中和洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,再用清水洗涤,得到脱胶竹纤维;向带搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中加入200mL蒸馏水,用质量分数为40%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH到9,对四口烧瓶加热升温至90℃,加入60g大豆粉,保温处理50min后,向四口烧瓶加入10g苯酚,降温至70℃,保温处理15min,继续向四口烧瓶加入20mL甲醛,反应1h,自然冷却至室温得到改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂;将杨木木材放入木材粉碎机中粉碎4h,过200目筛得到杨木粉,将20g杨木粉、70g脱胶竹纤维、100mL水混合得到竹纤维浆,将竹纤维浆注入带有真空脱水装置的成型槽中,空气鼓泡搅拌10s,静置真空脱水5min,控制脱水时真空度为70Pa,得到纤维湿成形体;将纤维湿成形体置于烘箱中,加热升温至80℃,干燥4h,得到烘干纤维成型体,在烘干纤维成型体表面涂覆厚度为3mm的改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂后,置于尺寸为80mm×60mm×20mm的热压模具中热压,控制热压温度为200℃,热压压力为0.4MPa,热压时间为6min,得到竹质高密度纤维板。
实例2
取毛竹截断去掉竹节,切剖成长度为9cm的竹片,将竹片放入装有沸水的锅中蒸炼3.5h,取出竹片用木锤敲打压碎成直径为3mm的细竹丝,将细竹丝放入装有蒸馏水的压力锅中蒸煮,控制压力锅温度为225℃,压力锅压力为0.3MPa,蒸煮3.5h后,得到软化的粗竹纤维;取45g粗竹纤维置于质量分数为30%的硫酸溶液中浸泡2.5h后,取出粗竹纤维用质量浓度为2.7g/L的碳酸氢钠溶液清洗至洗涤液pH为7.3,得到酸处理的粗竹纤维,将酸处理的粗竹纤维放入鼓风干燥机中,加热升温至55℃,干燥4.5h,得到干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维;将75g干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维置于烧杯中,向烧杯中加入115mL质量分数为45%的氢氧化钠溶液、9g亚硫酸钠、11g焦磷酸钠,将烧杯置于水浴锅中,以2℃/min的升温速率加热升温至85℃,保温1.5h,降温至43℃,继续保温33min,得到烧碱处理的粗竹纤维,将烧碱处理的粗竹纤维用质量分数为85%的醋酸溶液中和洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,再用清水洗涤,得到脱胶竹纤维;向带搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中加入210mL蒸馏水,用质量分数为40%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH到9.5,对四口烧瓶加热升温至95℃,加入65g大豆粉,保温处理53min后,向四口烧瓶加入11g苯酚,降温至73℃,保温处理17min,继续向四口烧瓶加入23mL甲醛,反应1.5h,自然冷却至室温得到改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂;将杨木木材放入木材粉碎机中粉碎4.5h,过200目筛得到杨木粉,将25g杨木粉、73g脱胶竹纤维、110mL水混合得到竹纤维浆,将竹纤维浆注入带有真空脱水装置的成型槽中,空气鼓泡搅拌13s,静置真空脱水6min,控制脱水时真空度为75Pa,得到纤维湿成形体;将纤维湿成形体置于烘箱中,加热升温至85℃,干燥4.5h,得到烘干纤维成型体,在烘干纤维成型体表面涂覆厚度为3.5mm的改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂后,置于尺寸为80mm×60mm×20mm的热压模具中热压,控制热压温度为210℃,热压压力为0.5MPa,热压时间为7min,得到竹质高密度纤维板。
实例3
取毛竹截断去掉竹节,切剖成长度为10cm的竹片,将竹片放入装有沸水的锅中蒸炼4h,取出竹片用木锤敲打压碎成直径为4mm的细竹丝,将细竹丝放入装有蒸馏水的压力锅中蒸煮,控制压力锅温度为250℃,压力锅压力为0.4MPa,蒸煮4h后,得到软化的粗竹纤维;取50g粗竹纤维置于质量分数为30%的硫酸溶液中浸泡3h后,取出粗竹纤维用质量浓度为3.5g/L的碳酸氢钠溶液清洗至洗涤液pH为7.5,得到酸处理的粗竹纤维,将酸处理的粗竹纤维放入鼓风干燥机中,加热升温至60℃,干燥5h,得到干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维;将80g干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维置于烧杯中,向烧杯中加入130mL质量分数为45%的氢氧化钠溶液、10g亚硫酸钠、12g焦磷酸钠,将烧杯置于水浴锅中,以2℃/min的升温速率加热升温至90℃,保温2h,降温至45℃,继续保温35min,得到烧碱处理的粗竹纤维,将烧碱处理的粗竹纤维用质量分数为85%的醋酸溶液中和洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,再用清水洗涤,得到脱胶竹纤维;向带搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中加入220mL蒸馏水,用质量分数为40%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH到10,对四口烧瓶加热升温至100℃,加入70g大豆粉,保温处理55min后,向四口烧瓶加入12g苯酚,降温至75℃,保温处理20min,继续向四口烧瓶加入25mL甲醛,反应2h,自然冷却至室温得到改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂;将杨木木材放入木材粉碎机中粉碎5h,过200目筛得到杨木粉,将30g杨木粉、75g脱胶竹纤维、120mL水混合得到竹纤维浆,将竹纤维浆注入带有真空脱水装置的成型槽中,空气鼓泡搅拌15s,静置真空脱水8min,控制脱水时真空度为80Pa,得到纤维湿成形体;将纤维湿成形体置于烘箱中,加热升温至90℃,干燥5h,得到烘干纤维成型体,在烘干纤维成型体表面涂覆厚度为4mm的改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂后,置于尺寸为80mm×60mm×20mm的热压模具中热压,控制热压温度为220℃,热压压力为0.6MPa,热压时间为8min,得到竹质高密度纤维板。
对比例 以温州市某公司生产的竹质高密度纤维板作为对比例 对本发明制得的竹质高密度纤维板和对比例中的竹质高密度纤维板进行检测,检测结果如表1所示: 1、测试方法
理化性能指标按照GB/T11718-2009中规定的方法进行检测。
TVOC释放量按GB/T18883-2002空气质量标准检测。
将本发明制得的实例1~3和对比例切割成150mm×50mm×50mm试件,在20±2℃、相对湿度65±5℃条件下时放置质量恒定,然后测试试件长度、宽度及试件中心点厚度。将试件浸入PH=7±1,温度20±2℃的水槽内浸泡72±1小时,让试件垂直于水面,且水面高于试件。取出试件拭干试件表面附水,试件垂直放置在-16±4℃的冰柜内,试件相互隔开一定距离,冷冻24±0.25h。冷冻后试件立即放到70±2℃的干燥箱内烘干72±1小时。一个完整的试验约需要168h,再重复三次,即需要约504小时。每次试验后试件应在20±2℃,相对湿度65±5℃条件下时放置至质量恒定时,然后对吸水厚度膨胀率及内结合强度进行测定。
表1
测试项目 实例1 实例2 实例3 对比例
甲醛释放量(mg/100g) 2.2 2.0 1.8 4.5
密度(kg/m<sup>3</sup>) 925 938 947 810
内结合强度(MPa) 1.77 1.86 1.89 1.57
静弯曲强度(MPa) 86 88 90 70
吸水厚度膨胀率(%) 5.8 5.6 5.5 7.8
由表1数据可知,本发明制得的竹质高密度纤维板的强度高、力学性能优良、防水防潮性能好,甲醛释放量远低于常规方法生产的高密度纤维板的甲醛释放量。因此,具有广阔的使用前景。

Claims (7)

1.一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于具体制备步骤为:
(1)取毛竹截断去掉竹节,切剖竹片,将竹片放入装有沸水的锅中蒸炼,取出竹片用木锤敲打压碎成细竹丝,将细竹丝放入装有蒸馏水的压力锅中蒸煮,得到软化的粗竹纤维;
(2)取40~50g粗竹纤维置于硫酸溶液中浸泡后,取出粗竹纤维用碳酸氢钠溶液清洗,得到酸处理的粗竹纤维,将酸处理的粗竹纤维放入鼓风干燥机中,加热升温,干燥,得到干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维;
(3)将70~80g干燥酸处理的粗竹纤维置于烧杯中,向烧杯中加入100~130mL氢氧化钠溶液、8~10g亚硫酸钠、10~12g焦磷酸钠,将烧杯置于水浴锅中,加热升温,保温,降温,继续保温,得到烧碱处理的粗竹纤维,将烧碱处理的粗竹纤维用醋酸溶液中和洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,再用清水洗涤,得到脱胶竹纤维;
(4)向带搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中加入200~220mL蒸馏水,用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH,对四口烧瓶加热升温,加入60~70g大豆粉,保温处理后,向四口烧瓶加入10~12g苯酚,降温,保温处理,继续向四口烧瓶加入20~25mL甲醛,反应,自然冷却至室温得到改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂;
(5)将杨木木材放入木材粉碎机中粉碎,过筛得到杨木粉,将20~30g杨木粉、70~75g脱胶竹纤维、100~120mL水混合得到竹纤维浆,将竹纤维浆注入带有真空脱水装置的成型槽中,空气鼓泡搅拌,静置真空脱水,得到纤维湿成形体;
(6)将纤维湿成形体置于烘箱中,加热升温,干燥,得到烘干纤维成型体,在烘干纤维成型体表面涂覆改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂后,置于热压模具中热压,得到竹质高密度纤维板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述的竹片长度为8~10cm,蒸炼时间为3~4h,细竹丝的直径为2~4mm,控制压力锅温度为200~250℃,压力锅压力为0.3~0.4MPa,蒸煮时间为3~4h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述的硫酸溶液的质量分数为30%,浸泡时间为2~3h,碳酸氢钠溶液的质量浓度为2.0~3.5g/L,碳酸氢钠溶液清洗粗竹纤维至洗涤液pH为7.0~7.5,对鼓风干燥机加热升温后温度为50~60℃,干燥时间4~5h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)所述的氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数为45%,升温速率为2℃/min,加热升温后温度为80~90℃,保温时间为1~2h,降温后温度为40~45℃,继续保温时间为30~35min,醋酸溶液的质量分数为85%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)所述的氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数为40%,氢氧化钠溶液调节蒸馏水pH为9~10,对四口烧瓶加热升温后温度为90~100℃,保温处理时间为50~55min降温后温度为70~75℃,保温处理时间为15~20min,反应时间为1~2h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)所述的粉碎时间为4~5h,所过筛规格为200目,空气鼓泡搅拌时间为10~15s,静置真空脱水时间为5~8min,控制脱水时真空度为70~80Pa。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质高密度纤维板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)所述的对烘箱加热升温后温度为80~90℃,干燥时间为4~5h,改性大豆蛋白胶粘剂涂覆厚度为3~4mm,热压模具的尺寸为80mm×60mm×20mm,控制热压温度为200~220℃,热压压力为0.4~0.6MPa,热压时间为6~8min。
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