CN108184773B - Method for improving survival rate of low-altitude bred bat moth larvae - Google Patents
Method for improving survival rate of low-altitude bred bat moth larvae Download PDFInfo
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- CN108184773B CN108184773B CN201810216178.8A CN201810216178A CN108184773B CN 108184773 B CN108184773 B CN 108184773B CN 201810216178 A CN201810216178 A CN 201810216178A CN 108184773 B CN108184773 B CN 108184773B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 241000330899 Hepialus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000330896 Thitarodes armoricanus Species 0.000 description 17
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000190633 Cordyceps Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000857908 Chimonanthus nitens Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000764065 Persicaria capitata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000205407 Polygonum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004980 Rheum officinale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008081 Rheum officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RECVMTHOQWMYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(1+) dihydride Chemical compound [OH2+] RECVMTHOQWMYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving survival rate of bat moth larvae raised at low altitude, which utilizes an intelligent constant temperature and humidity test box to respectively regulate and control different temperatures and humidities at different growth stages of the bat moth larvae in 3-5 instars. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention better solves the problem that the hepialus larva loses water in the 3-instar stage to cause the death of the dried larva, improves the physique of the hepialus larva in the 4-instar stage, reduces the infection rate of the feeding environment and effectively improves the survival rate of the hepialus larva in the 5-instar stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial bionic cultivation of cordyceps sinensis, and particularly relates to a method for improving the survival rate of bat moth larvae raised at low altitude.
Background
The first condition for artificial cultivation of Cordyceps is to successfully raise Hepialus larva under the condition of simulating natural growth environment. The host hepialus needs 4-5 years to complete the development cycle under natural environmental conditions, the larvae like low temperature and humidity and do not resist high temperature, the larvae die in a large scale when the temperature is higher than 20 ℃, silkworms are laid into 'nests' to keep the water in the body when the temperature is too low, the larvae climb out of the ground when the water content of the soil is too high, and the larvae can float on the water surface for a plurality of days. The larva mainly gnaws plant roots such as polygonum capitatum, polygonum bulborum, rheum officinale and the like, and also gnaws roots of shrubby astragalus mongholicus, chimonanthus nitens and other plants.
It is very complicated and difficult to introduce cordyceps hepialus in alpine regions into low-altitude laboratories for feeding and to realize indoor artificial culture of host insects. Researchers have conducted a great deal of research on suitable feed, temperature, humidity, illumination, feeding substrates and the like in the growing and developing process of cordyceps sinensis hosts for many years, artificial feeding in high-altitude primary production areas is currently conducted, due to the influence of technical conditions and traffic geographic factors, the requirements for temperature and humidity control are difficult to achieve, and different temperature and humidity conditions can be simulated in low-altitude areas, so that the requirements of different insect age stages on the temperature and humidity are met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae raised at low altitude, which has the characteristics of enhancing the physique of the bat moth larvae, improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae and the like.
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the survival rate of the larvae of hepialus armoricanus raised at low altitude.
A method of improving survival of low-altitude reared hepialus larvae according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) feeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10-12 ℃ and the humidity of 70-75 RH%;
(2) breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 7-9 ℃ and the humidity of 70-75 RH%;
(3) feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9-12 ℃ and the humidity of 60-65 RH%.
The key of feeding the hepialus armoricanus larvae is to maintain the normal metabolism of the hepialus armoricanus larvae, and the hepialus armoricanus larvae feel comfortable and have stronger vitality only if being in a proper temperature area for metabolism, so that the hepialus armoricanus larvae can be subjected to normal growth and metabolism by virtue of the self-regulation function. The comfortable sensation of the insect body is difficult to judge, meanwhile, the conditions of the temperature, the humidity and the like of the external environment cannot be directly converted into the comfortable sensation of the insect body, the bat moth larvae are native to high altitude areas and are used to survive in the sequential change of the nature, the low altitude areas cannot completely simulate the high altitude environment, and the climate conditions and the water and soil conditions of the nature cannot be copied. 3 rd instar of the hepialus armoricanus larva enters a hibernation period, the larva silks out and builds a nest to keep the water in the body, and the indoor cultured larva is often dried, shrunk and died after 3 rd instar.
According to the breeding method, when the hepialus armoricanus is in the 3 rd instar larva stage, the temperature and humidity of breeding are improved, the activity of the hepialus armoricanus larva is improved, the food intake of the hepialus armoricanus is enhanced, the probability of death of the hepialus larva due to shrinkage is reduced, the temperature is gradually reduced after the 4 th instar larva is in the initial stage, the natural larva hibernation rule is followed, the larva is dormant for a certain time in the low-temperature stage, the probability that the larva is infected with diseases due to large amount of food intake is reduced, breeding temperature is improved after the 5 th instar larva is in the initial stage, the food intake of the larva is gradually enhanced.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae raised at the low altitude, the temperature is controlled to be 9-10 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 75-80 RH% in the raising process of the 1-and 2-instar bat moth larvae.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the larvae of the hepialus raised at the low altitude, the temperature is gradually reduced to 7-9 ℃ when the step (1) is converted into the step (2).
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the larvae of the hepialus armoricanus raised at the low altitude, when the step (1) is converted into the step (2), the temperature is reduced by 1 ℃ every 5 days until the temperature reaches 7-9 ℃.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the larvae of the hepialus raised at the low altitude, the temperature is gradually increased to 9-12 ℃ when the step (2) is converted into the step (3).
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the larvae of the hepialus raised at the low altitude, when the step (2) is converted into the step (3), the temperature is increased by 1 ℃ every 5 days until the temperature reaches 9-12 ℃.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae raised at the low altitude, when the raising of the 2 nd-instar bat moth larvae is converted into the raising of the 3 rd-instar bat moth larvae, the temperature is gradually increased to 10-12 ℃.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae raised at low altitude, when the raising of the 2 nd-instar bat moth larvae is converted into the raising of the 3 rd-instar bat moth larvae, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 5 days until the temperature reaches 10-12 ℃.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae raised at low altitude, the sterile operation is kept in the feeding process of the bat moth larvae.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae raised at low altitude, the feed is replaced every 15-25 days in the feeding process of the bat moth larvae.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in a low-altitude laboratory, the temperature and humidity of the field of an original production area are simulated to artificially feed the hepialus 3 instar larvae, and the intelligent constant-temperature constant-humidity test box is utilized to respectively regulate and control different temperature and humidity at different growth stages of the hepialus 3-5 instar larvae, so that the problems of water loss and death due to drying shrinkage of the hepialus 3-instar larvae are better solved; the constitution of the hepialus larvae in the 4 th instar period is improved, and the infection rate of the feeding environment is reduced; effectively improves the survival rate of 5-instar hepialus larvae.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention relates to a method for breeding hepialus armoricanus larvae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding 1, 2 instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9 ℃ and the humidity of 75 RH%;
(2) breeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the humidity of 70 RH%;
(3) breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 7 ℃ and the humidity of 70 RH%;
(4) feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9 ℃ and the humidity of 60 RH%.
Example 2
The invention relates to a method for breeding hepialus armoricanus larvae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding 1, 2 instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the humidity of 78 RH%;
(2) breeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 11 ℃ and the humidity of 73 RH%;
(3) breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 8 ℃ and the humidity of 72 RH%;
(4) feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the humidity of 63 RH%.
Example 3
The invention relates to a method for breeding hepialus armoricanus larvae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding 1, 2 instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the humidity of 80 RH%;
(2) breeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 12 ℃ and the humidity of 75 RH%;
(3) breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9 ℃ and the humidity of 75 RH%;
(4) feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 12 ℃ and the humidity of 65 RH%.
Example 4
The invention relates to a method for breeding hepialus armoricanus larvae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding 1, 2 instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9 ℃ and the humidity of 75 RH%;
(2) firstly, adjusting the temperature to 10 ℃, and after 5 days, adjusting the temperature to 11 ℃; breeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 11 ℃ and the humidity of 73 RH%;
(3) firstly, adjusting the temperature to 10 ℃, and after 5 days, adjusting the temperature to 9 ℃; breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9 ℃ and the humidity of 70 RH%;
(4) firstly, the temperature is increased from 9 ℃ to 10 ℃ for 5 days, and then the temperature is increased from 10 ℃ to 11 ℃; feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 11 ℃ and the humidity of 65 RH%.
Example 5
The invention relates to a method for breeding hepialus armoricanus larvae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding 1, 2 instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the humidity of 78 RH%;
(2) firstly, adjusting the temperature from 10 ℃ to 11 ℃, and after 5 days, adjusting the temperature to 12 ℃; breeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 12 ℃ and the humidity of 72 RH%;
(3) firstly, adjusting the temperature from 12 ℃ to 11 ℃, and after 5 days, adjusting the temperature to 10 ℃; after 5 days, the temperature is reduced to 9 ℃; breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9 ℃ and the humidity of 75 RH%;
(4) firstly, the temperature is increased from 9 ℃ to 10 ℃ for 5 days, and then the temperature is increased from 10 ℃ to 11 ℃; after 5 days, the temperature was again raised to 12 ℃; feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 12 ℃ and the humidity of 62 RH%.
The feeding method is completed in an aseptic environment, the feed used by the hepialus armoricanus larvae is the natural feed cultivated in the original place of cordyceps sinensis, the natural feed is treated by a water ion sterilizer before being prepared, is sterilized by alcohol for 2 times on a clean bench, is prepared into slices, is dried in the air, and is put into a culture dish sterilized at high temperature.
The experimental groups of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were selected as experimental groups and compared with other culture methods, wherein in the method of comparative example 1, in the culture process of larvae of 3-5 instar, the temperature was controlled at 10-12 ℃ and the humidity was controlled at 70 RH%, 100 hepialus armoricanus larvae (Chongyuan: Cordyceps sinensis producing area, Qinghai-Yuan county, Qinghai-Men) were cultured in each group, and the specific results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 contrast table for survival rate of bat moth larvae
And (4) conclusion: the survival rate of the bat moth larvae in the prior art is only about 42 percent, and the survival rate of the bat moth larvae can be improved to 75 percent by the feeding method.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving survival rate of low-altitude reared hepialus larvae, comprising the steps of:
(1) feeding 3-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 10-12 ℃ and the humidity of 70-75 RH%;
(2) breeding 4-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 7-9 ℃ and the humidity of 70-75 RH%;
(3) feeding 5-instar hepialus hepialid moth larvae at the temperature of 9-12 ℃ and the humidity of 60-65 RH%;
wherein, when the step (1) is converted to the step (2), the temperature is gradually reduced to 7-9 ℃;
and (3) gradually raising the temperature to 9-12 ℃ when the step (2) is converted into the step (3).
2. The method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae reared at low altitude according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 9-10 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 75-80 RH% in the rearing process of the 1-and 2-instar bat moth larvae.
3. The method for improving the survival rate of low-altitude reared bat moth larvae according to claim 1, wherein when the step (1) is shifted to the step (2), the temperature is lowered by 1 ℃ every 5 days until the temperature reaches 7 to 9 ℃.
4. The method for improving the survival rate of low-altitude reared bat moth larvae according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 5 days until the temperature reaches 9 to 12 ℃ when the step (2) is shifted to the step (3).
5. The method for improving the survival rate of low-altitude reared bat moth larvae according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is gradually increased to 10 to 12 ℃ when the rearing of the 2 nd-instar bat moth larvae is transformed to the rearing of the 3 rd-instar bat moth larvae.
6. The method for improving the survival rate of low-altitude reared bat moth larvae according to claim 1, wherein when the rearing of 2-instar bat moth larvae is transformed to the rearing of 3-instar bat moth larvae, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 5 days until the temperature reaches 10 to 12 ℃.
7. The method for improving the survival rate of low-altitude reared bat moth larvae according to claim 1, wherein aseptic manipulation is maintained during the rearing of the bat moth larvae.
8. The method for improving the survival rate of the bat moth larvae reared at low altitude according to claim 1, wherein the feed is replaced every 15 to 25 days during the rearing process of the bat moth larvae.
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| CN201810216178.8A CN108184773B (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2018-03-15 | Method for improving survival rate of low-altitude bred bat moth larvae |
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| CN113686842B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-06-30 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Method for rapidly detecting development process of hepialus pupae |
| CN113973784B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-06-02 | 河南农业大学 | Method for preventing insect ants and lions from killing each other by artificial feeding and application thereof |
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| CN103081869A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-05-08 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Method for artificially cultivating cordyceps sinensis at low altitude |
| CN103168753A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-06-26 | 香格里拉县宜康宝生物科技有限公司 | Method for culturing hepialus larvae indoors |
| CN103651262B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-10-14 | 乳源南岭好山好水冬虫夏草有限公司 | The method of the survival rate of the bat moth larvae after body fluid is got in a kind of raising |
| CN106070077A (en) * | 2016-07-02 | 2016-11-09 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | The method of host of Cordyceps sinensis larva is raised in a kind of rotation |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081869A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-05-08 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Method for artificially cultivating cordyceps sinensis at low altitude |
| CN103651262B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-10-14 | 乳源南岭好山好水冬虫夏草有限公司 | The method of the survival rate of the bat moth larvae after body fluid is got in a kind of raising |
| CN103168753A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-06-26 | 香格里拉县宜康宝生物科技有限公司 | Method for culturing hepialus larvae indoors |
| CN106070077A (en) * | 2016-07-02 | 2016-11-09 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | The method of host of Cordyceps sinensis larva is raised in a kind of rotation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 我国青藏高原蝙蝠蛾昆虫生态习性研究;朱斗锡等;《中国食用菌》;20070430;第26卷(第2期);第10~11页 * |
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