CN108119560B - 具有改进的密封装置的滚动轴承 - Google Patents

具有改进的密封装置的滚动轴承 Download PDF

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CN108119560B
CN108119560B CN201711221489.5A CN201711221489A CN108119560B CN 108119560 B CN108119560 B CN 108119560B CN 201711221489 A CN201711221489 A CN 201711221489A CN 108119560 B CN108119560 B CN 108119560B
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rolling bearing
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outer ring
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CN108119560A (zh
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里卡多·雷斯蒂沃
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7863—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element mounted to the inner race, e.g. a flinger to use centrifugal effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7806—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for spherical roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7869—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward
    • F16C33/7879—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a further sealing ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/65—Gear shifting, change speed gear, gear box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7843—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc
    • F16C33/7846—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with a gap between the annular disc and the inner race
    • F16C33/785—Bearing shields made of sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7896—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members with two or more discrete sealings arranged in series

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有密封装置(50)的滚动轴承(1)，密封装置优选设置在滚动轴承的各侧方(L)，以便防止污染物进入所述滚动轴承内部，滚动轴承设置有不转动外圈(2)和转动内圈(3)以及设置在这两个圈之间的多个滚动体(5)，密封装置进而设置有跨过由这两个圈限定的腔(4)地在这两个圈之间依次沿轴向设置的第一遮蔽件(60)和第二遮蔽件(70)，在第一遮蔽件和第二遮蔽件中，第一遮蔽件与外圈一体化，第二遮蔽件与内圈一体化并与第一遮蔽件一起限定了环状间隙(80)，环状间隙具有大致恒定的轴向厚度并且在径向上由设置在外圈的区域中的第一密封迷宫机构(81)和设置在内圈的区域中的第二密封迷宫机构(82)界定。

Description

具有改进的密封装置的滚动轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有改进的密封装置的滚动轴承。
尽管是非排他的，但是本发明特别适用于车辆中的变速箱(gear-boxes)用的具有密封装置的滚动轴承。本发明还适用于任意类型的旋转体或滚动体(球、滚子、圆锥滚子等)。
背景技术
已知类型的具有密封装置的滚动轴承通常包括：
-不转动外圈，其用于插(入)在变速箱的落座部(/座部)(seat)内部并设置有径向内滚道；
-转动内圈，其以供变速箱的轴接合的方式设置在外圈内、与外圈(一起)在滚动轴承的各侧方限定了环状腔并设置有径向外滚道；和
-多个旋转体或滚动体，其设置在外圈与内圈之间、设置在滚道内，以便允许内圈相对于外圈绕着滚动轴承的转动轴线相对转动。
上述类型且安装在变速箱内部的已知滚动轴承必须能够在存在(通常在变速箱内部悬浮的)高浓度的润滑油的环境中运行；因此，该已知滚动轴承在其各侧方还包括密封装置，密封装置设置在相关联的腔内部用于防止污染物进入轴承内部并包括环状遮蔽件，环状遮蔽件卡合在在相对于滚道位于侧向位置、形成于外圈的对应环状槽内部，并且朝向内圈且跨过整个腔地沿径向延伸，因此环状遮蔽件具有面对所述内圈的自由端。
特别的是，该自由端大致落座在形成于内圈的、对应的沿轴向开口的环状槽内部，以使得形成被设计成防止任何污染物进入轴承的具有复杂形式的迷宫密封机构，并且形成在内圈的各侧方、在相关联的滚道旁边(alongside)。
通过为各密封装置建立沿轴向开口的环状槽来在轴承的各侧方、在自由端与内圈之间产生具有复杂形式的迷宫密封机构的需求具有的后果是，上述已知类型的具有密封装置的滚动轴承需要相对长的加工时间，沿轴向开口的环状槽在径向上越深，该加工时间越长。另外，这些沿轴向开口的环状槽在轴向上越深，这些加工时间将更长，并且供环状遮蔽件定位的腔的内部的轴向深度越大，这些沿轴向开口的槽的轴向深度越大，和/或内圈相对于外圈的轴向厚度差越大，这些沿轴向开口的槽的轴向深度越大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有改进的密封装置的滚动轴承，该滚动轴承不仅使密封能力得以改善，而且还不具有上述缺陷，即具有使得生产周期时间实质(substantial)缩短的几何形状。
根据本发明，提供了包括所技术方案中记载的特征的具有改进的密封装置的滚动轴承。
附图说明
现在将参照附图对本发明进行说明，附图示出了本发明的实施方式的非限制性示例，在附图中：
-图1是根据本发明的设置有密封装置的滚动轴承的优选实施方式的局部截面立体图；和
-图2以较大的比例示出了根据图1的轴承的截面图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，1整体上表示滚动轴承，滚动轴承1具有转动轴线A并包括：
-不转动外圈(non-rotating outer ring)2，其设置有径向内滚道21；
-转动内圈3，其设置在外圈2内、设置有径向外滚道31并与外圈2(一起)在滚动轴承1的各侧方(/两侧)(each side)L限定了环状腔4；和
-多个滚动体5，其设置在外圈2与内圈3之间、设置在滚道21和31内，以便允许内圈3相对于外圈2绕着轴承的转动轴线A相对转动。
优选但非必须的是，根据本发明的滚动轴承1适用于使用在车辆的变速箱(/齿轮箱)(gear-boxes)中，变速箱总体上包括外壳体(是已知的且未示出)、从发动机引出的输入轴(是已知的且未示出)和连接到车辆的驱动轮的输出轴(是已知的且未示出)。不转动外圈2优选在滚动轴承1的各侧方L包括相对于滚道21(而言)侧向地(laterally)设置的环状槽22，并且(不转动外圈2)适于插入所述外壳体的落座部(/座部)(seat)内，而内圈3优选在滚动轴承1的各侧方L包括在径向上设置在滚道31所在侧的相反侧的筒状落座部32，并且(内圈3)适于供所述两种所述轴中的一种接合。另外，在本说明书中，将要提及的滚动体是球，然而不排除本发明的延展包括其它类型的滚动体，诸如滚子、圆锥滚子等。
考虑到在所述变速箱中一般会存在通常处于悬浮状态的高浓度润滑油，还会因所述变速箱的机械部件的磨耗而包含金属杂质，因此滚动轴承1优选对于各侧方L还包括用于防止污染物进入所述滚动轴承1内部的密封装置50。以下说明将提及两侧L均设置有对应的密封装置50且位于一侧的密封装置50具有与位于另一侧的密封装置50相同的构造的滚动轴承1：然而，根据组装的类型和应用，根据本发明的滚动轴承1可以具有仅设置在一侧L的单个密封装置50，或者也可以具有构造彼此不同的两个密封装置。因此，外圈2还可以设置有单个槽22，内圈3同样可以设置有单个筒状落座部32。由于这里的说明提及的是两侧L均设置有对应的密封装置50的滚动轴承1，因此还将考虑两个槽22和两个落座部32，特别是对于筒状落座部32，必须指出的是，这些落座部32通过以隔着(across)内圈3的内筒面33去除原料(stock removal)的方式进行(机)加工而形成，并且从所述内圈3的对应侧向环状面34在(/向)所述内圈3内轴向地延伸。在本说明书中，以下将进一步阐明落座部32的径向尺寸Dr和轴向尺寸Da，尽管应当立刻指出的是，这些尺寸Dr和Da是如下程度的尺寸：由于对径向尺寸Dr和轴向尺寸Da两者而言均不要求材料的深加工，因此这些尺寸Dr和Da使得对于它们的执行而言需要非常短的机器周期时间(machine cycle time)。
还根据图2所示，根据本发明的各密封装置50均包括第一环状遮蔽件60和第二环状遮蔽件70，第一环状遮蔽件60卡合(snap-engaged)在环状槽22内并朝向内圈3且跨过腔4地沿径向延伸，第二环状遮蔽件70安装在筒状落座部32中并在相对于遮蔽件60而言在轴向上错开(staggered)的位置朝向外圈2且跨过腔4地沿径向延伸。第一遮蔽件60和第二环状遮蔽件70在其间限定了环状间隙80，环状间隙80具有大致恒定的轴向厚度，并且在径向上以设置在外圈2的区域中的第一密封迷宫机构(labyrinth)81和位于内圈3的区域中的第二密封迷宫机构82为界(/界定)。
特别的是，第一环状遮蔽件60包括：
-弹性部61，其卡合在环状槽22内；
-凸缘部62，其从弹性部61跨过腔4相对于转动轴线A而言横向地延伸；和
-筒状终端部(cylindrical terminal portion)63，其与凸缘部62横向、与凸缘部62成一体并与内圈3一起限定了密封迷宫机构82。
在示出的实施方式的示例中，筒状终端部63从凸缘部62朝向滚动轴承1内部沿横向延伸，但是在未示出且容易从当前实施方式推断出的作为一种选择的实施方式中，筒状终端部63可以再次从凸缘部62沿横向延伸，但却朝向滚动轴承1外部、即朝向第二遮蔽件70(沿横向延伸)。在这两种情况下，筒状终端部63在与内圈3无明显的摩擦接触并因此确保了密封和低摩擦两者的情况下与所述内圈3一起限定了密封迷宫机构82，但是在筒状终端部63朝向滚动轴承1外部延伸的情况下，在筒状终端部63的径向外侧产生用于堆积可能已经穿过间隙80的污染物质的区域。该堆积区域(accumulation zone)将进一步提高密封装置50的密封能力并还可以沿着凸缘部62产生，为此特别是使该凸缘部62变型，例如在所述凸缘部62中产生朝向滚动轴承1外部地开口的一个或多个轴向凹部。在这种情况下，未示出但容易从以上说明推断出的是，环状间隙80将至少在(各)堆积区域的径向外侧具有大致恒定的轴向厚度。
而第二遮蔽件70包括：
-筒状部71，其安装在筒状落座部32内；
-凸缘部72，其在轴向上与环状面34(抵靠)接触地设置，并且在与凸缘部62轴向面对(以使得通过环状间隙80与所述凸缘部62轴向分界)的位置处从环状部71跨过腔4地相对于转动轴线A横向地延伸。另外，凸缘部72在环状部71所在侧的径向相反侧具有自由端73，自由端73面对外圈2并与所述外圈2(一起)限定了密封迷宫机构81。如上所述，出于进一步提高密封装置50的密封能力的目的，凸缘部62可以具有朝向滚动轴承1外部开口的一个或多个轴向凹部，以使得与凸缘部72(一起)并沿着间隙80限定了堆积区域。而(instead)面对滚动轴承1外部设置的凸缘部72将始终呈线性且与轴线A横向，以使得确保间隙80的轴向厚度至少在堆积区域外侧大致恒定和(确保)存在所述滚动轴承1的被良好限定的轴向体积这两者。实际上，该大致恒定的厚度具有确保遮蔽件70相对于遮蔽件60转动或确保凸缘部72相对于凸缘部62转动的优点，在这方面，防止了已经不经意侵入所述间隙80的任何污染物的逐渐前进和由于所述间隙80的离心作用而导致的任何污染物的排出(expulsion)。
从以上说明清楚的是，为了保持遮蔽件60和遮蔽件70两者的生产和组装成本尽可能低，遮蔽件60和遮蔽件70两者均具有特别简单且呈线性的形式和几何形状。此外，在轴向上彼此面对且限定了迷宫机构81和82的两个遮蔽件60和70的存在使得在不使用类似橡胶的材料制的接触唇(这种接触唇通常被用在用于变速箱的密封装置的标准方案中)的情况下，获得高的密封系数(/密封协同作用)(sealing coefficient)，这特别有利于减小摩擦，因此特别有利于滚动轴承1的性能。
此外，遮蔽件60和遮蔽件70两者均可以由塑料材料制成以及可以由金属材料制成，这取决于滚动轴承1所用于的应用的严重程度(severity)。在这两种情况下，遮蔽件60和遮蔽件70具有小的厚度，并且特别的是，遮蔽件70将在其自身的环状部71具有如下程度的径向厚度和轴向厚度：不仅使得始终确保遮蔽件70在落座部32中的正确安装，而且还使得允许落座部32的径向尺寸Dr和轴向尺寸Da较小，同时还确保了执行该径向尺寸Dr和轴向尺寸Da的加工时间较短。
内圈3的轴向尺寸小于外圈2的轴向尺寸，因此尽管遮蔽件70与相关联的表面34挨着设置，但是遮蔽件70将不从外圈2的轮廓(profiles)沿轴向突出。另外，由于凸缘部72的径向长度在尺寸方面大于凸缘部62的径向长度，因此为了确保密封装置50的鲁棒性，凸缘部72的轴向厚度在尺寸方面将大于凸缘部62的轴向厚度。
最后，必须要强调由上述滚动轴承1以及由其密封装置50提供的两个另外的优点。遮蔽件70与转动圈3成一体，因此在所述转动圈3的转动期间，遮蔽件70将对润滑油施加离心作用，从而加快恰在迷宫机构81的区域中的润滑油的流速并且甚至进一步减少了该油通过迷宫机构81的任何进入。离心作用将对因变速箱的金属部件的磨耗而产生的金属杂质最有效：实际上，由于这些杂质的比重(specific weight)大于其所浸入的悬浮的油的比重，因此归因于遮蔽件70的转动，这些杂质将趋于以更高的效率被迷宫机构81去除。此外，迷宫机构81和82的位置和构造以及间隙80的构造有助于特别是防止污染物(特别是金属杂质)通过腔4进入滚动轴承1内部。实际上，迷宫机构81和82两者均具有动态部件(dynamiccomponent)，在迷宫机构81的情况下，动态部件由自由端73形成，而在迷宫机构82的情况下，动态部件由内圈3形成。在这两种情况下，该动态部件均将会使密封装置50对润滑油和对任何金属杂质的离心作用变得突出(accentuate)，从而容易(/趋于)抑制(repel)污染物进入滚动轴承1内部。
除了本发明的如上所述的实施方式以外，应当理解的是，存在许多另外的变型。还应当理解的是，所述实施方式仅是示例，并且既不限制本发明的主题，也不限制本发明的应用和可能的构造。相反的是，尽管以上提供的说明能够使本领域技术人员至少以本发明的构造例中的一个构造例实施本发明，但是应当理解的是，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，所说明的部件的多种变型是可行的，本发明的范围如在所附权利要求书中限定的、字面理解的范围和/或根据其法律等同物。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有密封装置(50)的滚动轴承(1)，所述滚动轴承(1)包括：
-不转动外圈(2)，其设置有径向内滚道(21)；
-转动内圈(3)，其设置在所述不转动外圈(2)内，以在所述滚动轴承(1)的各侧方(L)与所述不转动外圈(2)一起限定了环状腔(4)，并且所述转动内圈(3)设置有径向外滚道(31)；
-多个滚动体(5)，其设置在所述不转动外圈(2)与所述转动内圈(3)之间、设置在所述径向内滚道(21)和所述径向外滚道(31)内，以允许所述转动内圈(3)相对于所述不转动外圈(2)且绕着所述滚动轴承(1)的转动轴线(A)转动；和
-密封装置(50)，其设置在所述滚动轴承(1)的各侧方(L)，用于防止污染物进入所述滚动轴承(1)内部，
所述滚动轴承(1)的特征在于如下事实：设置在所述滚动轴承(1)的各侧方(L)的所述密封装置(50)在所述滚动轴承(1)的该侧方(L)包括第一遮蔽件(60)和第二遮蔽件(70)，所述第一遮蔽件(60)和所述第二遮蔽件(70)跨过所述环状腔(4)地沿轴向依次设置，在所述第一遮蔽件(60)和所述第二遮蔽件(70)中，所述第一遮蔽件(60)与所述不转动外圈(2)成一体，所述第二遮蔽件(70)与所述转动内圈(3)成一体，并且所述第二遮蔽件(70)与所述第一遮蔽件(60)一起限定了环状间隙(80)；所述环状间隙(80)具有大致恒定的轴向厚度并由第一密封迷宫机构(81)和第二密封迷宫机构(82)界定，其中所述第一密封迷宫机构(81)设置在所述不转动外圈(2)的区域中，所述第二密封迷宫机构(82)设置在所述转动内圈(3)的区域中，其中，所述第二遮蔽件(70)的一端朝向所述不转动外圈(2)的在轴向上延伸的径向内表面延伸、并且延伸到所述不转动外圈(2)的所述径向内表面附近，以与所述不转动外圈(2)的所述径向内表面一起限定所述第一密封迷宫机构(81)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于如下事实：所述第一密封迷宫机构(81)和所述第二密封迷宫机构(82)具有相关的动态部件(73、3)，所述动态部件(73、3)在所述环状间隙(80)的两相反端处对所述污染物施加离心作用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于如下事实：所述不转动外圈(2)在所述滚动轴承(1)的各侧方(L)包括相对于所述径向内滚道(21)侧向地设置的环状槽(22)；所述第一遮蔽件(60)包括弹性部(61)、第一凸缘部(62)和筒状终端部(63)，所述弹性部(61)卡合在所述环状槽(22)中，所述第一凸缘部(62)从所述弹性部(61)开始跨过所述环状腔(4)地相对于所述转动轴线(A)横向地延伸，所述筒状终端部(63)与所述第一凸缘部(62)横向且一体化并与所述转动内圈(3)一起限定了所述第二密封迷宫机构(82)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于如下事实：所述转动内圈(3)在所述滚动轴承(1)的各侧方(L)包括在径向上设置在所述径向外滚道(31)所在侧的相反侧的筒状落座部(32)；所述第二遮蔽件(70)包括环状部(71)和第二凸缘部(72)，所述环状部(71)安装在所述筒状落座部(32)内部，所述第二凸缘部(72)从该安装的环状部(71)开始跨过所述环状腔(4)地相对于所述转动轴线(A)横向地延伸；所述第一凸缘部(62)和所述第二凸缘部(72)在其间限定了所述环状间隙(80)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于如下事实：所述第二凸缘部(72)包括自由端(73)，所述自由端(73)设置在安装的所述环状部(71)所在侧的相反侧，并且面对所述不转动外圈(2)以与所述不转动外圈(2)一起限定了所述第一密封迷宫机构(81)。
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CN108119560A (zh) 2018-06-05
US10539190B2 (en) 2020-01-21
US20180335088A1 (en) 2018-11-22

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