CN108112432B - Method for planting rice in sandy soil - Google Patents
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- CN108112432B CN108112432B CN201711348843.0A CN201711348843A CN108112432B CN 108112432 B CN108112432 B CN 108112432B CN 201711348843 A CN201711348843 A CN 201711348843A CN 108112432 B CN108112432 B CN 108112432B
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Abstract
A method for planting rice in sandy soil belongs to the technical field of operation methods for desert ecological restoration. The method comprises the following process steps: selecting rice varieties; manufacturing a planting pond; arranging ridges; paving an impermeable layer; laying a nutrition layer; filling sand; managing water; and managing the fertilizer and water in the later period according to a conventional method. The method for planting rice in sandy soil is reasonable in design and compared with the traditional technology: the invention adopts the combination of the seepage-proof water sand and the water-retaining agent, and simultaneously lays the sludge layer and the seedling raising substrate layer on the seepage-proof layer, fully simulates the process of 'soil making' of nature, so that the sandy soil is 'earthed', the difficult problems that the sandy soil is easy to move and difficult to retain water and store nutrients are fundamentally solved, the sandy soil is more suitable for plant growth, and the shape of the sandy soil is fundamentally improved and the sandy soil is treated. The method provides natural water, nutrients and air for rice planting, achieves the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention, and can effectively repair the soil desertification problem in the repeated planting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of desert ecological restoration operation methods, and particularly relates to a method for planting rice in sandy soil.
Background
China has become one of the most seriously harmed countries by desertification in the world at present. Deserts constitute nearly 20% of the territory of China and are expanding at speeds in excess of 1300 square miles per year (approximately 3367 square kilometers). The desert area in china has been expanded by 21000 square miles (about 54390 square kilometers) to about the area of krestin in 1975.
In ecological restoration, how to effectively treat arid desert areas becomes a problem which needs to be solved most urgently in China at present; the desertification brings great harm to people, and the desertification causes the exhaustion of land and is not suitable for cultivation. One mu of sandy land is improved, and one mu of fertile farmland is increased. At present, the common desert-planted rice is usually subjected to seepage-proofing effect by paving a film, but the problems of poor air permeability and incapability of forming organic linkage between plants and underground water exist, and meanwhile, chemical fertilizers are mostly applied to provide nutrients at present, but the nutrients cannot be well stored due to the fact that sandy soil nutrients run fast.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to design and provide a technical scheme of a method for planting rice by sandy soil.
The method for planting the rice in the sandy soil is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) selecting rice varieties: selecting drought-resistant and lodging-resistant rice varieties;
2) manufacturing a planting pond: digging a planting pond with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the depth multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m in the sandy land, and arranging a ridge with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m between the planting ponds;
3) ridge setting: plastic films are laid at the edges of the ridges, 500 ml/mu of sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the surfaces of the ridges, and straw walls are arranged to serve as windproof walls;
4) and (3) paving an impermeable layer: firstly, paving 10-20mm thick anti-seepage water sand on the surface of a planting pool, and then paving 5-10mm thick agricultural water-retaining agent on the anti-seepage water sand to form an anti-seepage layer;
5) laying a nutrition layer: firstly paving sludge obtained after earthworm fermentation treatment with the thickness of 50-100mm on the impermeable layer, then paving a light soilless seedling raising matrix special for rice seedling raising with the thickness of 18-22mm on the fermented sludge, and then uniformly scattering a layer of silicate bacteria on the surface of the light soilless seedling raising matrix for decomposing sandy soil;
6) filling sand: backfilling the sandy soil dug in the step 2) into a planting pond, spraying a layer of water-soluble binder every 10cm in the backfilling process, and sequentially burying 5 layers of sandy soil until the backfilling depth is 0.5 m;
7) water content management: irrigating by using a sandy soil underground deep well before mechanical transplanting and seedling raising, thoroughly watering, storing water, spraying water once every 3-5 days after seedling transplanting in a drip irrigation mode, irrigating a 2-2.5cm thin water layer after four leaves and one core period, and then carrying out shallow water tillering promotion;
8) and managing the fertilizer and water in the later period according to a conventional method.
The method for planting rice in sandy soil is characterized in that the plastic film in the step 3) is a biodegradable plastic film.
The method for planting rice in sandy soil is characterized in that silicate bacteria in the step 5) are one or more of bacillus circulans, bacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus agricus.
The method for planting rice in sandy soil is characterized in that the water-soluble binder in the step 6) is one or more of starch, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose.
The method for planting rice in sandy soil is reasonable in design and compared with the traditional technology: the invention adopts the combination of the seepage-proof water sand and the water-retaining agent, and simultaneously lays the sludge layer and the seedling raising substrate layer on the seepage-proof layer, fully simulates the process of 'soil making' of nature, so that the sandy soil is 'earthed', the difficult problems that the sandy soil is easy to move and difficult to retain water and store nutrients are fundamentally solved, the sandy soil is more suitable for plant growth, and the shape of the sandy soil is fundamentally improved and the sandy soil is treated. The method provides natural water, nutrients and air for rice planting, achieves the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention, and can effectively repair the soil desertification problem in the repeated planting process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
1) Selecting rice varieties: selecting a drought-resistant and lodging-resistant rice variety Lu Han No. 1;
2) manufacturing a planting pond: digging a planting pond with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the depth multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m in the sandy land, and arranging a ridge with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m between the planting ponds;
3) ridge setting: laying a biodegradable plastic film at the edge of the ridge slope, spraying 500 ml/mu of sand-fixing agent on the surface of the ridge, and arranging a straw wall to serve as a windproof wall;
4) and (3) paving an impermeable layer: firstly, paving 15 mm-thick anti-seepage water sand on the surface of a planting pool, and then paving 8 mm-thick agricultural water-retaining agent on the anti-seepage water sand to form an anti-seepage layer;
5) laying a nutrition layer: firstly, sludge (which can be prepared by the content of patent publication of invention with patent number 201210036053.X and named as a method for processing biochemical sludge by using earthworms) after earthworm fermentation treatment with the thickness of 80mm is paved on an impermeable layer, then, light soilless seedling raising matrix (which can be prepared by the content of patent publication of invention with patent number 201210072200.9 and named as organic matrix special for rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising and production method) special for rice seedling raising with the thickness of 20mm is paved on the fermented sludge, and then, a layer of bacillus circulans is uniformly scattered on the surface of the light soilless seedling raising matrix for the decomposition of sandy soil;
6) filling sand: backfilling the sandy soil dug in the step 2) into a planting pond, spraying a layer of dextrin every 10cm in the backfilling process, and sequentially burying 5 layers of sandy soil until the backfilling depth is 0.5 m;
7) water content management: before mechanical transplanting and seedling raising, water is introduced and irrigated by utilizing a sandy soil underground deep well, the seedlings are thoroughly irrigated and stored, after seedling transplanting, a drip irrigation mode is adopted, water is sprayed once every 4 days, a 2cm thin water layer is irrigated after four leaves and one core, and tillering is promoted by shallow water;
8) and managing the fertilizer and water in the later period according to a conventional method.
Example 2
1) Selecting rice varieties: selecting a drought-resistant and lodging-resistant rice variety Lu Han No. 1;
2) manufacturing a planting pond: digging a planting pond with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the depth multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m in the sandy land, and arranging a ridge with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m between the planting ponds;
3) ridge setting: laying a biodegradable plastic film at the edge of the ridge slope, spraying 500 ml/mu of sand-fixing agent on the surface of the ridge, and arranging a straw wall to serve as a windproof wall;
4) and (3) paving an impermeable layer: firstly, paving 20 mm-thick anti-seepage water sand on the surface of a planting pool, and then paving 10 mm-thick agricultural water-retaining agent on the anti-seepage water sand to form an anti-seepage layer;
5) laying a nutrition layer: paving sludge obtained after earthworm fermentation treatment with the thickness of 100mm on the impermeable layer, paving a light soilless seedling raising matrix special for rice seedling raising with the thickness of 22mm on the fermented sludge, and then uniformly scattering a layer of bacillus mucilaginosus on the surface of the light soilless seedling raising matrix for decomposing sandy soil;
6) filling sand: backfilling the sandy soil dug in the step 2) into a planting pond, spraying a layer of polyvinyl alcohol every 10cm in the backfilling process, and sequentially burying 5 layers of sandy soil until the backfilling depth is 0.5 m;
7) water content management: irrigating by using a sandy soil underground deep well before mechanical transplanting and seedling raising, thoroughly watering, storing water, spraying water once every 5 days after seedling transplanting in a drip irrigation mode, irrigating a 2.5cm thin water layer after four leaves and one core, and then shallow water tillering;
8) and managing the fertilizer and water in the later period according to a conventional method.
Example 3
1) Selecting rice varieties: selecting drought-resistant and lodging-resistant rice variety No. 3;
2) manufacturing a planting pond: digging a planting pond with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the depth multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m in the sandy land, and arranging a ridge with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m between the planting ponds;
3) ridge setting: laying a biodegradable plastic film at the edge of the ridge slope, spraying 500 ml/mu of sand-fixing agent on the surface of the ridge, and arranging a straw wall to serve as a windproof wall;
4) and (3) paving an impermeable layer: firstly, paving 10 mm-thick anti-seepage water sand on the surface of a planting pool, and then paving 5 mm-thick agricultural water-retaining agent on the anti-seepage water sand to form an anti-seepage layer;
5) laying a nutrition layer: firstly paving sludge after earthworm fermentation treatment with the thickness of 50mm on the impermeable layer, then paving a light soilless seedling raising matrix with the thickness of 18mm special for rice seedling raising on the fermented sludge, and then uniformly scattering a layer of soil bacillus on the surface of the light soilless seedling raising matrix for decomposing sandy soil;
6) filling sand: backfilling the sandy soil dug in the step 2) into a planting pond, spraying a layer of polyvinyl alcohol every 10cm in the backfilling process, and sequentially burying 5 layers of sandy soil until the backfilling depth is 0.5 m;
7) water content management: before mechanical transplanting and seedling raising, water is introduced and irrigated by utilizing a sandy soil underground deep well, the seedlings are thoroughly irrigated and stored, after seedling transplanting, a drip irrigation mode is adopted, water is sprayed once every 4 days, a 2cm thin water layer is irrigated after four leaves and one core, and tillering is promoted by shallow water;
8) and managing the fertilizer and water in the later period according to a conventional method.
In order to verify the test effect of the planting technology, 2 contrast tests are set according to the current desert rice planting method in China: in the traditional method (film covering technology) and the method of the invention, drought-enduring varieties of No. 1 Lu and No. 3 Lu-you are selected as rice varieties. Wherein the sandy soil is taken from the desert of Aksukrama, Xinjiang and the test is completed at the Rice research institute of China.
Compared with the traditional method, the method has obvious yield increase effect on the rice yield, and the planting technology mainly has the effect of increasing the effective spike number and the total grain number on the rice yield increase.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for planting rice in sandy soil is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) selecting rice varieties: selecting a drought-resistant and lodging-resistant rice variety Lu Han No. 1;
2) manufacturing a planting pond: digging a planting pond with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the depth multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m in the sandy land, and arranging a ridge with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by 100m multiplied by 1m between the planting ponds;
3) ridge setting: laying a biodegradable plastic film at the edge of the ridge slope, spraying 500 ml/mu of sand-fixing agent on the surface of the ridge, and arranging a straw wall to serve as a windproof wall;
4) and (3) paving an impermeable layer: firstly, paving 15 mm-thick anti-seepage water sand on the surface of a planting pool, and then paving 8 mm-thick agricultural water-retaining agent on the anti-seepage water sand to form an anti-seepage layer;
5) laying a nutrition layer: paving sludge obtained after earthworm fermentation treatment with the thickness of 80mm on the impermeable layer, paving a light soilless seedling raising matrix special for rice seedling raising with the thickness of 20mm on the fermented sludge, and then uniformly scattering a layer of bacillus circulans on the surface of the light soilless seedling raising matrix for decomposing sandy soil;
6) filling sand: backfilling the sandy soil dug in the step 2) into a planting pond, spraying a layer of dextrin every 10cm in the backfilling process, and sequentially burying 5 layers of sandy soil until the backfilling depth is 0.5 m;
7) water content management: before mechanical transplanting and seedling raising, water is introduced and irrigated by utilizing a sandy soil underground deep well, the seedlings are thoroughly irrigated and stored, after seedling transplanting, a drip irrigation mode is adopted, water is sprayed once every 4 days, a 2cm thin water layer is irrigated after four leaves and one core, and tillering is promoted by shallow water;
8) and managing the fertilizer and water in the later period according to a conventional method.
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| CN201234473Y (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2009-05-13 | 窦永位 | Plant nutrition block for sandy desert greening |
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| CN101731112B (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-06-22 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Water-saving cultivation method of sand rice |
| CN104871676B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-09-29 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Desert planting field and its construction method |
| CN105900758B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-05-14 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of method of desert planting rice |
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