CN108064661A - A kind of collard organic ecological cultivation matrix and its application - Google Patents
A kind of collard organic ecological cultivation matrix and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108064661A CN108064661A CN201711310063.7A CN201711310063A CN108064661A CN 108064661 A CN108064661 A CN 108064661A CN 201711310063 A CN201711310063 A CN 201711310063A CN 108064661 A CN108064661 A CN 108064661A
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- collard
- cultivation matrix
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of collard organic ecological cultivation matrix and its application, the preparation process of cultivation matrix includes：1）Maize straw, cow dung, mushroom residue are taken, is fully crushed, mixing adds water to adjust moisture content；2）Compost；3）Compost product and perlite and vermiculite are subjected to cultivation matrix compounding, obtain cultivation matrix.The collard organic ecological cultivation matrix of the present invention, compared to more full N P and K, the variation of available nitrogen and available potassium is opposite to be mitigated, after the increase of rapid available phosphorus appears in compost 10 days.With compareing discrete phase ratio, entire cultivation period, the growth conditions of collard are preferable.With the growth of collard, the pH of middle and later periods cultivation matrix increased, and integrally maintain weakly acidic pH or so；The physicochemical characters such as soil particle density, unit weight and porosity change unobvious, blade area increase, and the quantity of Newborn Leaves is more, can be exclusively used in the cultivation of collard, has good practicability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural wastes recycling fields, and in particular to a kind of collard organic ecological cultivation base
Matter and its application.
Background technology
Collard is the horticultural variety of edible wild cabbage, and cold resistance is strong.Collard fancy breed is more, and leaf color is bright-coloured more
Become, viewing period is long, is excellent potting watch leaf flower, is widely used in the flower bed in park or street corner, has very high appreciation effect.
Since its landscape application effect is good, variety design enriches, and production management is convenient, good in economic efficiency, in addition construction of city afforestation power
The enhancing of degree, collard demand are increasing, and professional nursery has become one of most important part in its production.
Many researchs show that it is feasible to use agricultural wastes as seedling medium.Peat is as most important in the past
Organic substrate, but mud and charcoal is non-renewable resources, while the mining belt of peat carrys out a series of ecological environment problem, because
And seek economical and practical organic surrogate matrix.At present in the research of matrix selection, mushroom can be selected according to various regions actual conditions
The cheap material such as slag, charring rice husk, sawdust, bark, cotton seed hulls, reed is used as seedling medium.Therefore, it is useless using agricultural
Prepared by gurry have certain research significance suitable for the cultivation matrix of collard.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of collard is organic
Ecological cultivation matrix is compounded using straw compost product and other matrix, can be effectively as ornamental plant collard
Somatomedin.
Technical solution：In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of collard organic ecological cultivation matrix, is prepared by following steps：
1) maize straw, cow dung, mushroom residue are taken, is fully crushed, mixing adds water, adjusts moisture content to 70%；
2) compost 60 days in greenhouse, temperature are controlled at 25 DEG C or so；
3) compost product and perlite and vermiculite are subjected to cultivation matrix compounding, obtain collard cultivation matrix.
The collard organic ecological cultivation matrix, the mass ratio of maize straw, cow dung and mushroom residue is 20~80:
18~20:1.
The collard organic ecological cultivation matrix, compost product are 1 with perlite, vermiculite mass ratio:1:1~4.
The collard organic ecological cultivation matrix, compost product are 3 with perlite, vermiculite mass ratio:3:4.
Application of the collard organic ecological cultivation matrix in collard is cultivated.
Matrix is put into flowerpot by the application, is chosen collard and is cultivated in greenhouse, Routine Management 9 weeks with
On.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, collard organic ecological cultivation matrix of the invention, utilizes agriculture waste
Object maize straw, cow dung, mushroom residue hybrid composting are made, by the study found that the total nitrogen content of compost product in compost 10 days
Slight variation is presented, the variation of compost later stage is more apparent；Content of tatal phosphorus changes unobvious in the compost phase；Full potassium content is in compost 10
It is significantly reduced after it.Compared to more full N P and K, the variation of available nitrogen and available potassium is opposite to be mitigated, and the increase of rapid available phosphorus occurs
After compost 10 days.Entire cultivation period, the growth conditions of collard are preferable.With the growth of collard, the middle and later periods plants
The pH of training matrix increased, and integrally maintain weakly acidic pH or so；The physicochemical characters such as soil particle density, unit weight and porosity change not
Substantially, moisture content difference is mainly as caused by watering and Plant Water Consumption amount.It is found by the cultivation of collard, it is entire to plant
The cycle is trained, with compareing discrete phase ratio, collard growth conditions are preferable, blade area increase, and the quantity of Newborn Leaves is more, can
The cultivation of collard is exclusively used in, there is good practicability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the full nitrogen variation characteristic figure of composting process；
Fig. 2 is the full phosphorus variation characteristic figure of composting process；
Fig. 3 is the full potassium variation characteristic figure of composting process；
Fig. 4 is composting process available nitrogen variation characteristic figure；
Fig. 5 is composting process rapid available phosphorus variation characteristic figure；
Fig. 6 is composting process available potassium variation characteristic figure；
Fig. 7 is the growth cycle figure of collard；
Fig. 8 is the leaf area figure of collard different growing stages；
Fig. 9 is the number of blade figure of collard different growth periods.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of collard organic ecological cultivation matrix, is prepared by following steps：
1) 3 kinds of stalk, cow dung and mushroom residue material mixture ratios are subjected to compost, required stalk 470kg, cow dung 395.6kg, mushroom
Mushroom slag 20kg (is fully crushed, mixing, in terms of weight in wet base), maize straw moisture content 14.9%, cow dung moisture content 74.7%, corn
After stalk and cow dung mixing plus water adjusts moisture content to 70%.At 25 DEG C, certain agricultural machinery factory's greenhouse compost gathers different heaps after 60 days
The compost Product samples of fertile period air-dry under room temperature ventilation condition, and the nutrient for carrying out full N P and K and Available N-P-K is surveyed
It is fixed.
It weighs compost product air-dry sample about 0.5g and is sent into dry Kelvin bottom of bottle portion, add in a small amount of deionized water, moisten
After soil sample, 2g accelerators and the dense H of 5mL are added in2SO4It shakes up, Kelvin bottle is obliquely placed on electric furnace, small fire heats 10~15min
After strengthen firepower, after boil liquid is disappeared and grogs all becomes greyish white slightly band green, be further continued for disappearing and boil 1h.Disappear after boiling, remove
Kelvin bottle cools down, with to be distilled, the content of full nitrogen in calculating soil sample.
Compost product air-dry sample about 0.25g is weighed in nickel crucible bottom, sample is slightly moistened with absolute alcohol, then reinforces
Body NaOH 2.0g.A crack is stayed to be placed in high-temperature electric resistance furnace crucible capping, first with low-temperature heat, then gradually rise temperature extremely
450 DEG C, keep 15min.After crucible is cooled down, 10mL water is added in, is heated to 80 DEG C or so, after frit dissolving, then boil 5min,
It is transferred in 50mL volumetric flasks, then with a small amount of 0.2mol/L H2SO4Solution cleans for several times, pours into together in volumetric flask, makes totality
Product is to about 40mL, then adds HCl (1:1) solution 5 drips and H2SO4(1:3) solution 5mL is filtered with water constant volume.Molybdenum antimony is respectively adopted to resist
Colorimetric method and the full phosphorus of flame spectrophotometric determination and full potassium content.
Fig. 1-3 show the full N-P-K content in composting process.With the progress of composting fermentation process, compost product
Slight variation is presented for 10 days in compost in total nitrogen content, and the variation of compost later stage is more apparent；Content of tatal phosphorus changes unknown in the compost phase
It is aobvious；Full potassium content is significantly reduced in compost after 10 days.
The compost product air-dry sample 2.0g of 0.25mm is taken to add in 2% boric acid in diffusion boat mistress in diffusion boat interior room and refer to
Show agent liquid 2mL, then coat alkaline glycerol at diffusion boat mistress edge, be rapidly added 1.0mol/L NaOH 5mL in diffusion boat
Mistress is covered immediately with frosted glass.Horizontal gently Rotational diffusion ware, makes solution and the abundant mixing of soil, is fixed with rubber band, 40
For 24 hours, boric acid titration afterwards calculates the content of available nitrogen for DEG C constant temperature.
The compost product air-dry sample 5.0g of 1mm is weighed in 200mL triangular flasks, adds in 0.5mol/L NaCO3
100mL, then add a horn scoop non-phosphorus active carbon, bottle stopper is stoppered, 30min is vibrated on vibrating machine, is filtered immediately with without phosphorus filter paper, filter
Liquid is undertaken in 100mL triangular flasks, measures the concentration of rapid available phosphorus using molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method afterwards.
The compost product air-dry sample 5.00g by 1mm is weighed in 100mL triangular flasks, it is neutral to add in 50mL1mol/L
NH4OAc solution stoppers rubber stopper, vibrates 30min, is filtered with dry common qualitative filter paper.Filtrate is contained in small triangular flask, together
Potassium standard serial solution together on flame photometer measure and calculation available potassium content.
Fig. 4-6 show the Available N-P potassium content in composting process.With the progress of composting fermentation process, Available N-P
Different variation tendencies is presented in potassium content.Compared to more full N P and K, the variation of available nitrogen and available potassium is opposite to be mitigated, rapid available phosphorus
After increase appears in compost 10 days.
Embodiment 2
Compost product prepared by embodiment 1 carries out cultivation matrix compounding with perlite and vermiculite, and cultivation matrix is according to base
Matter：Perlite：Vermiculite=3:3:4 ratio compounding.Each flowerpot (internal diameter 23cm, height 17.6cm) packing 500g matrix.Choosing
Collard is taken to be cultivated in greenhouse, each flowers sets 15 parallel, normal managements respectively, and temperature control in greenhouse is at 20 DEG C
Left and right.In addition choose commercially available conventional floriculture substrate (control matrix 1) and mixed according to test matrix component same ratio
Matrix (control matrix 2, composting material for maize straw, cow dung, B3 zymophytes, compost method is with embodiment 1) as control.
Experiment in cultivation sets planting time 12 weeks, samples a matrix sample every 3 weeks, and each processing is randomly selected 3 plants of root matrix, examined
The variation of matrix physical and chemical index is surveyed, mainly there is pH, moisture content, soil particle density, unit weight and porosity, assay method reference
《Soil agrochemistry analysis method》.
With the growth of collard, the pH of middle and later periods cultivation matrix increased, and integrally maintain weakly acidic pH or so；Soil
The physicochemical characters such as granule density, unit weight and porosity change unobvious, and moisture content difference is mainly by watering and Plant Water Consumption amount institute
Caused (table 1).
The physicochemical property of 1 collard cultivation matrix of table
It turns out that entire cultivation period, the growth conditions of collard preferably (Fig. 7), the number of blade with regard to collard and
For blade area, cultivation matrix is substantially better than two kinds of control matrix.The growth of tree peony bracketplant therewith, the blade area of plant exist
Mid-term is significantly greater than (Fig. 8) for compareing matrix, and the quantity of Newborn Leaves is more (Fig. 9).
Claims (6)
1. a kind of collard organic ecological cultivation matrix, which is characterized in that be prepared by following steps：
1）Maize straw, cow dung, mushroom residue are taken, is fully crushed, mixing adds water, adjusts moisture content to 70%；
2）At room temperature, compost 60 days or more in greenhouse；
3）Compost product and perlite and vermiculite are subjected to cultivation matrix compounding, obtain collard cultivation matrix.
2. collard organic ecological cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that maize straw, cow dung with
The mass ratio of mushroom residue is 20 ~ 80: 18~20:1.
3. collard organic ecological cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that compost product and pearl
Rock, vermiculite mass ratio are 1:1:1~4.
4. collard organic ecological cultivation matrix according to claim 3, which is characterized in that compost product and pearl
Rock, vermiculite mass ratio are 3:3:4.
5. application of the collard organic ecological cultivation matrix described in claim 1 in collard is cultivated.
6. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Matrix is put into flowerpot, chooses collard in greenhouse
It is cultivated, Routine Management 9 weeks or more.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115259911A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | Planting and breeding waste compost suitable for high-quality production of open-field cabbages and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103283443A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-11 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Collard culture method |
| CN106518400A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing flower substrate from agricultural wastes |
| CN107445672A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-08 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | A kind of light-weight environment-friendly type rice seedling raising ground substance fertilizer and its production technology |
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2017
- 2017-12-11 CN CN201711310063.7A patent/CN108064661A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103283443A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-11 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Collard culture method |
| CN106518400A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing flower substrate from agricultural wastes |
| CN107445672A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-08 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | A kind of light-weight environment-friendly type rice seedling raising ground substance fertilizer and its production technology |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 尉良: "农牧业废弃物堆肥腐熟质量", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115259911A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | Planting and breeding waste compost suitable for high-quality production of open-field cabbages and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180525 |