CN108033827A - A kind of functional form composition and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of functional form composition and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108033827A CN108033827A CN201711367388.9A CN201711367388A CN108033827A CN 108033827 A CN108033827 A CN 108033827A CN 201711367388 A CN201711367388 A CN 201711367388A CN 108033827 A CN108033827 A CN 108033827A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of functional form composition and its preparation method and application.The composition includes:The nutriment of 60~95 parts by weight;The organic substance of 0.5~1.5 parts by weight;The active material of 0.07~0.15 parts by weight, wherein one or more of the nutriment in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer;One or more of the organic substance in carbohydrate and/or amino acid;One or more of the active material in plant growth regulator.Grape veraison is often because of illumination deficiency, day and night temperature is small, cultivation management is improper etc. to cause that fruit annesl is difficult, poor quality, and the present invention makes full use of the synergistic effect between each component by the way that the nutriment, organic substance and active material of special ratios are combined, final obtained product is allowd to provide the nutriment needed for plant growth, promote plant growth, the anthocyanin content that can be particularly effectively increased in grape, improves grape stain index, promote grape annesl, improve grape quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of functional form composition and its preparation method and application, further relates to one kind and is prepared by said composition
Obtained Liquid Fertilizer.The invention belongs to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Pericarp color is the important economic characters of grape, be weigh fruit price and an important factor for the market competitiveness it
One.
Grape pomace color is as caused by anthocyanin accumulates in pericarp, and the difference of anthocyanin quantity and species makes grape
Different colours are presented.The route of synthesis of anthocyanin mainly includes phenylalanine metabolic pathways approach and flavonoid path, and process is a series of
Metabolism, synthesizes anthocyanidin, anthocyanidin combines to form anthocyanin with glucose or other sugar in the cell first.
Interim at three of grape fruit growth and development (including first stage, that is, fast growing period, second stage, that is, slow growth period
With third stage, that is, fast growing period), the stage before second stage terminates to start with third stage is grape fruit veraison, this when
Phase accumulates for anthocyanidin and starts to change into the important period of anthocyanin, decides that can grape normal annesl.
The route of synthesis of anthocyanin needs sufficient substrate and rational adjusting, can just effectively facilitate grape pomace coloring,
Therefore grape veraison generally requires to carry out stringent cultivation management.But since national grape -growing areas is larger, plant region
Extensively, it is difficult to carry out fine water and fertilizer management, and also the veraison such as some kinds such as summer black, huge peak often meets rainy days, illumination deficiency,
Day and night temperature is small, along with the improper cultivation management measure used in cultivation to pursue high yield can also influence grape to light
Absorption, cause that grape coloring is difficult, and fruit quality is poor.The solution to this problem generally used at present, contains first, applying
Potassic fertilizer supplements the nutrients, second, spraying growth regulator class promotes annesl, first method there are effect it is slow, inefficient ask
Topic, second method list use growth regulator, and conditioning agent class dosage safe range is narrow, and safe concentration is difficult to control, and concentration makes
The soft grain of later stage grape, threshing are easily caused with improper, influences fruit quality.Therefore, exploitation is a kind of safe and can effectively facilitate grape
The product of annesl is of great significance actual production.
The content of the invention
In view of this, present invention aims at a kind of functional form composition is provided, said composition is capable of providing plant growth
Required nutriment, promotes plant growth, and can be effectively increased the anthocyanin content of grape, improves grape coloring and refers to
Number, promotes grape annesl, improves grape quality.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technological means:
A kind of functional form composition of the present invention, it includes:
The nutriment of 60~95 parts by weight;
The organic substance of 0.5~1.5 parts by weight;
The active material of 0.07~0.15 parts by weight;
Wherein, one or more of the nutriment in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer;The organic substance is selected from sugar
One or more in class and/or amino acid;One or more of the active material in plant growth regulator.
Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer can provide N, P, K for plant growth.N plays plant growth very important effect, it
It is the part of plant vivo acid, is the component for forming protein, and plant carries out photosynthesis and plays a decisive role
Chlorophyll part.N is also the basis of inhereditary material.Once plant nitrogen stress, is embodied in blade and moves back green, color hair
Huang, plant growth is small and weak, Resistant force difference.P is one of three big nutrients of plant, is a variety of important compounds in plant body
Component, participate in internal metabolism, P can improve stress resistance of plant and adaptability, promote the growth etc. of root.K can promote leaf green
The synthesis of element, promote protein synthesis, strengthens the resistance of plant, and promotes the generation and transport of sugar and starch, improves fruit
Real quality.According to the present invention, the nutriment be more preferably selected from urea ammonium nitrate solution, ammonium polyphosphate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate,
Calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, one-lime phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium acetate, fulvic acid
Potassium, sugar alcohol chelating potassium, potassium humate, glycine potassium, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium oxalate, potassium formate, one kind in potassium malate or several
Kind.
Inventor has found, is made an addition to carbohydrate as organic matter in composition, can effectively improve composition
General effect.Anthocyanin is combined to form in the cell with glucose or other sugar by anthocyanidin, and carbohydrate is indispensable original
Material.Amino acid has the characteristics of being easy to be absorbed by crops, it is disease-resistant to be also improved fertilising object as the smallest molecule for forming protein
Property, the function of improvement fertilising crop quality.Plant essential amino acid is supplemented, stimulates and adjusts quick growth of plant, promote to plant
Thing robust growth, promotes the absorption to nutriment.Strengthen the metabolic function of plant, improve photosynthesis, promote root system of plant
Prosperity, accelerates plant growth breeding.It is furthermore preferred that organic substance of the present invention is selected from glucose, sucrose, fructose, sweet dew
One or more in sugar, maltose, galactolipin, citric acid, phenylalanine.
Plant growth regulator is people after the structurally and functionally mechanism of natural phytohormone is understood, by artificial synthesized
There is the material of similar physiology and biological effect with plant hormone, used in agricultural production, effectively adjust the fertility of crop
Process, reaches the purpose of stable yields volume increase, improving quality, enhancing crop anti-adversity.It is furthermore preferred that active material of the present invention
One or more in abscisic acid, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, 2,4- Epibrassinolides, 5-ALA.
In the present invention, it is preferred to, the composition includes:
The ammonium polyphosphate of 1~5 parts by weight;
The urea ammonium nitrate solution of 10~20 parts by weight;
The potassium sulfate of 20~30 parts by weight;
The ammonium dihydrogen phosphate of 1~8 parts by weight;
The sugar alcohol chelating potassium of 20~30 parts by weight;
The glucose of 0.5~1.5 parts by weight;
The 5-ALA of 0.07~0.15 parts by weight.
It is furthermore preferred that the composition includes:
The ammonium polyphosphate of 2.5~4 parts by weight;
The urea ammonium nitrate solution of 13~18 parts by weight;
The potassium sulfate of 22~25 parts by weight;
The ammonium dihydrogen phosphate of 5~8 parts by weight;
The sugar alcohol chelating potassium of 22~28 parts by weight;
The glucose of 1~1.3 parts by weight;
The 5-ALA of 0.09~0.12 parts by weight.
Ammonium polyphosphate is a kind of excellent Liquid Fertilizer raw material.Not only nutrient content is high for ammonium polyphosphate, and dissolubility is good, and not
Easily with the calcium in the soil liquid, magnesium, iron, aluminium plasma reaction and phosphate radical is failed.In addition, ammonium polyphosphate also has chelating gold
Belong to the effect of ion, improve the activity of the trace element such as zinc, manganese.The present invention to the source of ammonium polyphosphate without limiting,
Can be commercially available.
Urea ammonium nitrate solution is formulated by urea, ammonium nitrate and water, by three kinds of nitrogen source together as one, can play various nitrogen
The advantage in source.Nitrate nitrogen can provide instant nitrogen source, quickly be absorbed for crop.An ammonium nitrogen part is absorbed immediately, one
Divide and adsorbed by soil colloid, so as to extend fertilizer efficiency.Amidonitrogen hydrolysis needs the time, especially typically serves to long-acting nitrogen at low temperature
The effect of fertilizer.Urea ammonium nitrate solution is made an addition in this composition, can also cooperate with the effect of other components, improves the effect of composition
Fruit.Preferably, the mass ratio of urea, ammonium nitrate and water is 40~50 in urea ammonium nitrate solution of the present invention:30~40:10~
30.The present invention, without limiting, can be commercially available, now match somebody with somebody to the source of urea ammonium nitrate solution, can also be when preparing composition
Urea, ammonium nitrate, water are added respectively.
Potassium sulfate belongs to chemically neutral, the potassium material of physiological phenomenon, is indispensable important fertilizer during crop-planting.
The present invention, without limiting, can be commercially available to the source of potassium sulfate.
Sugar alcohol chelates potassium using sugar alcohol as carrier, and into bast, xylem is transported with bast binary channels, can be smooth
In the fruit organs for transporting plant, there is an extraordinary effect to preventing the physiological disease caused by plant potassium deficiency, and can be with
Improve fruit and contain protein content, increase sugariness, promote fruit color, keep fruit shape homogeneous, improve fruit quality.The present invention is right
The source of sugar alcohol chelating potassium is commercially available without limiting.
Function of the glucose in plant is not only to be nutriment, or influences the signal compound of gene expression.Portugal
Grape sugar activated plant gene expression, so as to reach selectivity of the crop to multiple nutritional components, harmony absorbs, to greatest extent
Promote the harmonic growth of plant underground and aboveground, so as to reach flower and fruit protecting, colour, reduce malformed fruit, in fruit expanding period
Crop is allowed sufficiently to draw carbohydrate nutrition, hence it is evident that to play swollen fruit, increase the effect of sugar, so as to improve fruit quality.The present invention is to Portugal
The source of grape sugar is commercially available without limiting.
5-ALA may participate in the adjusting process of growth and development of plants, and the physiology with similar plants hormone is lived
Property.Source of the invention to 5-ALA is commercially available without limiting.
Ammonium polyphosphate, urea ammonium nitrate solution, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sugar alcohol are chelated potassium, glucose, 5- by the present invention
Amino-laevulic acid is combined application as specific components, and selects specific ratio, gives full play between each component
Synergistic function, can make each component, and more preferable effect is obtained in the case of usage amount is less, and what attenuating poisoning produced can
Energy.
Further, the invention also provides the composition is preparing promotion plant growth or increasing the pattern of grape
Glycosides content, improves grape stain index, promotes the application in the product of grape annesl and improvement grape quality.
Further, present invention also offers a kind of product for promoting grape annesl, it includes of the present invention group
Compound and auxiliary material.
Wherein, it is preferred that it is described can using product as fertilizer or pesticide, its formulation can be pulvis, aqua (clear liquid type,
Floating type), granule, emulsion.
Further, present invention also offers a kind of Liquid Fertilizer for promoting grape annesl, it includes following component:
The composition of the present invention of 55.87~96.35 parts by weight
The suspending agent of 0.3~5 parts by weight;
The solvent of 3.35~39.13 parts by weight.
Wherein, it is preferred that include the suspending agent of 1~3 parts by weight.
Wherein, it is preferred that the suspending agent is made of polyvinyl alcohol, polyglutamic acid and activated clay, the polyvinyl alcohol,
The mass ratio of polyglutamic acid and activated clay is 1:1~3:4~5.The activated clay is preferably one in kaolin, bentonite
Kind is several.
Wherein, it is preferred that the solvent is selected from water.
A kind of method for preparing the Liquid Fertilizer, it comprises the following steps:
S1) suspending agent is uniformly mixed with solvent to obtain the first suspension;
S2) composition of the present invention is uniformly mixed with the first suspension, obtains the second suspension;
S3) the second suspension is promoted the Liquid Fertilizer of grape annesl after liquid emulsifies.
The present invention is uniformly mixed to obtain the first suspension first by suspending agent with solvent.
The present invention for the suspending agent and solvent concrete component and match it is above-mentioned be clearly described, herein
Repeat no more.
For concrete mode of the invention for the mixing without limiting, technical staff described in this area is known;
Stirred after preferably mixing;The mode of stirring is preferably stirred 10~20 minutes using magnet suspension stirrer at normal temperatures, stirring
Device rotating speed is preferentially at 500~1000 revs/min.
Then, composition of the present invention (nutriment, organic substance, active material) is mixed with the first suspension
Uniformly, the second suspension is obtained.
The present invention is above-mentioned to the concrete component of nutriment, organic substance and active material and proportioning have been had and has clearly retouched
State, details are not described herein.
Mode of the invention for mixing is without limiting;Stirred after preferably mixing;The mode of stirring is preferably normal
Temperature is lower to be stirred 10~20 minutes using magnet suspension stirrer, and agitator speed is preferentially at 500~1000 revs/min.
The order of addition of each raw material of the present invention preferably first mixes liquid nitrogen fertilizer with the first suspension without limiting
It is even to obtain A liquid;Solid phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are uniformly mixed with A liquid again, obtain B liquid;Finally by liquid potash fertilizer and organic substance,
Active material is added to B liquid, is uniformly mixing to obtain the second suspension.After obtaining the second suspension, Liquid Fertilizer is obtained through Over emulsfication.
The present invention without limiting, emulsifies the concrete mode of emulsification preferably by emulsification pump.The emulsification rotating speed
Preferably 4000~6000 revs/min;Emulsification times are 5~10min.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:The present invention by by the nutriment of special ratios, have
Machine material and active material are combined, and make full use of the synergistic effect between each component so that final obtained product can carry
For the nutriment needed for plant growth, promote plant growth, can particularly be effectively increased the anthocyanin content of grape, improve
Grape stain index, promotes grape annesl, improves grape quality.
Embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.But embodiment is only exemplary, does not form any restrictions to the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art should
It should be appreciated that the details and form of technical solution of the present invention can be repaiied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention
Change or replace, but these modifications and replacement are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1~5 is used for the preparation for promoting the composition of grape annesl
The formula of the composition of promotion grape annesl in embodiment 1~5 is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Embodiment 6 is used for the preparation for promoting the Liquid Fertilizer of grape annesl
(1) it is formulated
The formula of Liquid Fertilizer for promoting grape annesl is as shown in table 2 below, while sets comparative example 1~4:
Table 2
Note:" % " represents percentage by weight in table.
(2) preparation method
A, by suspending agent, (polyvinyl alcohol, polyglutamic acid and bentonite are according to 1:4:4.5 are uniformly mixed) it is added to the water, room temperature
Lower 800 revs/min are stirred 10~20 minutes, obtain the first suspension;
B, urea ammonium nitrate solution, potassium sulfate, ammonium polyphosphate, phosphorus are sequentially added in the first suspension prepared toward step (a)
Acid dihydride ammonium, sugar alcohol chelating potassium, glucose, 5-ALA, stir after often adding one kind during charging
It is further continued for adding, 800 revs/min are stirred 10~20 minutes, obtain the second suspension;
C, the second suspension is emulsified with emulsification pump, 5000 revs/min, emulsification times are 5~10min, obtain liquid
Body fertilizer.
(3) using effect
The effect evaluation method of Liquid Fertilizer is as follows:Experimental field it is located at Hebei province Hengshui City Raoyang County great Yin villages and small towns Wang Zhuan villages,
Grape variety is huge peak, and the age of tree 6 years, growing way is consistent.Fruit tree is carried out by subregion according to Liquid Fertilizer sample number, per 20 plants of area, in turning
The color phase (August 22 days, pluck bag after) applies the Liquid Fertilizer in embodiment and comparative example.Using progress coloring case investigation after 7 days.Root
Recorded accordingly according to fruit color hierarchical table, with reference to (abscisic acid is painted to grape and influence [J] of fruit quality China and foreign countries
Grape and grape wine, 2008 (5):34-35.) method in document is counted and calculates tinctorial yield.Using carrying out Portugal after 10 days
Grape harvest, and 3 fringe of normal grape of every plant of picking different azimuth, if taking dry granular at random per fringe, reality is taken back after sampling with ice chest immediately
Room is tested, strips pericarp, after liquid nitrogen flash freezer, is stored in subzero 80 DEG C of refrigerators, spare measure pericarp anthocyanin content.Anthocyanin
Extraction and assay method:20 fruit pericarps are freezed grinding to mix, weigh 0.5mg, the methanol solution ultrasonic wave of 2% formic acid at random
Concussion extraction 10min, shakes 30min in 25 degrees Celsius of shaking table 150rpm, and then 8000 × g centrifuges 20min at 4 DEG C, collects
Supernatant.Repeat extraction five times.Merge supernatant, rotary evaporation is depressurized at 40 DEG C and removes solvent, with 2% formic acid of 10ml
The aqueous solution of 10% methanol is fixed molten, for liquid phase measurement.Extraction is in triplicate.As a result it is as shown in table 3 below:
Table 3
Embodiment 7 is used for the preparation for promoting the Liquid Fertilizer of grape annesl
(1) it is formulated
The formula of Liquid Fertilizer for promoting grape annesl is as shown in table 4 below, while sets comparative example 5~8:
Table 4
Note:" % " represents percentage by weight in table.
(2) preparation method
Operation is the same as embodiment 6.
(3) using effect
The effect evaluation method of Liquid Fertilizer is as a result as shown in table 5 below with embodiment 6:
Table 5
Embodiment 8 is used for the preparation for promoting the Liquid Fertilizer of grape annesl
(1) it is formulated
The formula of Liquid Fertilizer for promoting grape annesl is as shown in table 6 below, while sets comparative example 9~12:
Table 6
Note:" % " represents percentage by weight in table.
(2) preparation method
Operation is the same as embodiment 6.
(3) using effect
The effect evaluation method of Liquid Fertilizer is as a result as shown in table 7 below with embodiment 6:
Table 7
From above-described embodiment result, in the case where active ingredient total content is identical, the Liquid Fertilizer of embodiment improves
Fruit coloration index, the significant effect of anthocyanin content are better than comparative example, i.e., the raw material selected in embodiment Liquid Fertilizer and its match somebody with somebody
It is more reasonable than ratio, synergistic function is played between each component, while because of the synergy between each component, make activity
Material dosage is reduced, and concentration is safer, does not occur phytotoxicity reaction.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. functional form composition, it is characterised in that including:The nutriment of 60~95 parts by weight;The organic substance of 0.5~1.5 parts by weight;The active material of 0.07~0.15 parts by weight;Wherein, one or more of the nutriment in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer;The organic substance be selected from carbohydrate and/ Or the one or more in amino acid;One or more of the active material in plant growth regulator.
- 2. composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nutriment is selected from urea ammonium nitrate solution, poly- phosphorus Sour ammonium, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, one-lime phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulphur Sour potassium, potassium acetate, potassium fulvate, sugar alcohol chelating potassium, potassium humate, glycine potassium, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium oxalate, potassium formate, apple One or more in tartaric acid potassium;The organic substance is selected from glucose, sucrose, fructose, mannose, maltose, galactolipin, lemon One or more in lemon acid, phenylalanine;The active material is selected from abscisic acid, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, 2,4- Epibrassinolides, 5- One or more in amino-laevulic acid.
- 3. composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including:The ammonium polyphosphate of 1~5 parts by weight;The urea ammonium nitrate solution of 10~20 parts by weight;The potassium sulfate of 20~30 parts by weight;The ammonium dihydrogen phosphate of 1~8 parts by weight;The sugar alcohol chelating potassium of 20~30 parts by weight;The glucose of 0.5~1.5 parts by weight;The 5-ALA of 0.07~0.15 parts by weight.
- 4. composition according to claim 3, it is characterised in that including:The ammonium polyphosphate of 2.5~4 parts by weight;The urea ammonium nitrate solution of 13~18 parts by weight;The potassium sulfate of 22~25 parts by weight;The ammonium dihydrogen phosphate of 5~8 parts by weight;The sugar alcohol chelating potassium of 22~28 parts by weight;The glucose of 1~1.3 parts by weight;The 5-ALA of 0.09~0.12 parts by weight.
- 5. the composition described in Claims 1 to 4 any one contains in the anthocyanin for preparing promotion plant growth or increase grape Amount, improves grape stain index, promotes the application in the product of grape annesl and improvement grape quality.
- 6. a kind of product for promoting grape annesl, it is characterised in that including the composition described in Claims 1 to 4 any one And auxiliary material, it is preferred that the product is fertilizer or pesticide, it is furthermore preferred that the fertilizer is pulvis, aqua, granule or Emulsion.
- 7. a kind of Liquid Fertilizer for promoting grape annesl, it is characterised in that including following component:Composition described in the Claims 1 to 4 any one of 55.87~96.35 parts by weightThe suspending agent of 0.3~5 parts by weight;The solvent of 3.35~39.13 parts by weight.
- 8. Liquid Fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the suspending agent is by polyvinyl alcohol, polyglutamic acid and work Property clay composition, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, polyglutamic acid and activated clay is 1:1~3:4~5;The activated clay One or more preferably in kaolin, bentonite.
- 9. Liquid Fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the solvent is selected from water.
- 10. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer described in a kind of claim 7-9 any one, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:S1) suspending agent is uniformly mixed with solvent to obtain the first suspension;S2) composition described in Claims 1 to 4 any one is uniformly mixed with the first suspension, obtains the second suspension;S3) the second suspension is promoted the Liquid Fertilizer of grape annesl after liquid emulsifies.
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CN110447446A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-15 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | A set of methods and applications for improving blood orange fruit anthocyanin content |
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