CN1613292A - Method for improving fruit color - Google Patents
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- CN1613292A CN1613292A CN 200410065334 CN200410065334A CN1613292A CN 1613292 A CN1613292 A CN 1613292A CN 200410065334 CN200410065334 CN 200410065334 CN 200410065334 A CN200410065334 A CN 200410065334A CN 1613292 A CN1613292 A CN 1613292A
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Abstract
A method for promoting the colouring on fruit (apple, pear, peach, grape, etc) features that the 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), or levulinic acid (LA)1 or glutamic acid (Glu) is applied to the fruit.
Description
One, technical field
A kind of method that promotes fruit color of the present invention belongs to the application of biochemical reagents in agricultural production, is being exclusively used in the production of colour pattern fruit such as apple, pears, peach, grape etc.
Two, technical background
The appearance color of fruit is the important quality index of many colour pattern fruit such as apple, pears, peach, grape etc., also is the important embodiment of its fruit marketability quality.Since 1994, China's fruit growing area and gross yield all have been sure to occupy the first in the world, but, China's fruit quality far can not satisfy the consumption market requirement, annual export volume only is about 1.5% of annual production, and the outlet unit price is national well below development, even also is lower than the international average level, is difficult to participate in competition in the international market.Since China's entry into the WTO, external fruit constantly carries out on a large scale entering China's fruit market, and the homemade fruit production of China is caused great impact.Why exotic fruit impacts China fruit market, and its reason is best in quality relevant with its fruit.The proper fruit attractive in appearance, beautiful in colour of profile always gets consumer reception.How to promote fruit color, improve the fruit inside and outside quality is the major issue that China fruit tree worker is concerned about always, also is the important countermeasure of meeting the international challenge in accession to WTO back.At present, promote the apple method of colouring to mainly contain: to improve tree body illumination condition, control nitrogenous fertilizer, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, bagging, priming leaf, commentaries on classics fruit, shop reflective membrane etc.In addition, spray plant growth substances such as cloth methyl, 2-methyl-4 chloro-butyric acid sodium, ethrel, abscisic acid in addition and can promote the report that apple is painted, still, spray cloth plant growth substance tends to cause the arriving in advance on respiration of fruits peak, thereby, reduce storage property thereafter, shorten shelf life.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that promotes fruit color, tend to cause the arriving in advance on respiration of fruits peak at spray cloth plant growth substance in the prior art, thereby, reduce storage property thereafter, shorten the defective of shelf life, it is painted to reach the promotion fruit surface by the application of biochemical reagents in agricultural production, increase fruit face glossiness, improve the solid shape content of pulp solubility simultaneously, reduce organic acid content, thereby improve the inside and outside quality of fruit, enhance one's market competitiveness.
Technical scheme
A kind of method that promotes fruit color of the present invention, it is characterized in that, used the 1000-3000mg/L levulinic acid in previous month at fruit maturation, contain the spray of Tween0.1% (volume ratio) or 100-1000mg/L glutamic acid (containing Tween0.1%) and be distributed in fruit surface, once get final product.In above-mentioned " promoting the method for fruit color ", the cover bag cultivating or do not overlap bag cultivating all can use on colour pattern fruit such as apple, pears, peach, the grape etc.
The present invention use a kind of single biochemical reagents levulinic acid (Levulinic acid, LA) or glutamic acid (Glutamicacid Glu), improves the light sensitivity of pericarp by changing the endogenous 5-amino-laevulic acid of fruit content, thereby impels fruit color.Through the fruit of LA or Glu processing, soluble solid content obviously rises, and can drip acid content and obviously descend,
ALA and LA general structure
When R=H, be LA glutamic acid structural formula
Work as R=NH
2The time, be ALA
Thereby not only exterior quality obviously improves, and has promoted pulp flavor greatly, has good popularizing application prospect.
Biochemical reagents hydrochloric acid-5-amino-laevulic acid and levulinic acid are generally in (seeing " reagent handbook second edition respectively with biochemical research, China Drug Co.'s Shanghai chemical reagent purchasing and supply station is compiled, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984, the 71 pages and the 733rd page; " chemical reagent catalogue handbook Beijing chemical reagents corporation compiles, publishing house of Beijing University of Technology, 1993, the 42 pages and the 416th page).Wherein, the 5-amino-laevulic acid is that tetrapyrrole comprises chlorophyll, heme, phytochrome, Cobastab in the organism
12Etc. biosynthetic key precursor, thereby in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis research process, once excessive quantity research was carried out in the biosynthesis of 5-amino-laevulic acid and physiological metabolism etc.In recent years, many scholars began to be devoted to the application of ALA in agricultural production both at home and abroad.For example, the Japanese discovers that exogenous ALA can improve plant salt endurance (CN1132592A, open day: 1996.10.08).We find that also exogenous ALA or LA can improve the plant Net Photosynthetic Rate at research, improve the anti-low temperature of plant, low light level ability, thereby, have important agricultural production application prospect (patent publication No. CN1409962A, open day: 2003.04.16).But at present domestic also do not have producer can produce the ALA finished product, and external imported product costs an arm and a leg, thereby use in agricultural production veritably and remain in certain difficulty.For this reason, we have tested several domestic can productions in a large number and the ALA substitute of its cheap market price, in the hope of for promoting growth of agricultural efficiency, promoting the increasing peasant income service.
The firstth, levulinic acid, it is the inhibitor of 5-amino-laevulic acid dehydrase in the organism, can suppress the ALA metabolism, thereby, promote the ALA accumulation.Next is a glutamic acid, and it is the biosynthetic precursor of 5-amino-laevulic acid in the plant corpus, also is the Main Ingredients and Appearance of edible monosodium glutamate in people's daily life.They are used in agricultural production and are not appeared in the newspapers as yet.The present invention will report that they are promoting the effect of apple aspect painted.
Beneficial effect
The present invention by improving the susceptibility of fruit color process to illumination, promotes that fruit surface is painted at fruit maturation spray in preceding 1 month cloth, increase fruit face glossiness, improve the solid shape content of pulp solubility simultaneously, reduce organic acid content, thereby improve the inside and outside quality of fruit, enhance one's market competitiveness.
The inventor draws through experimental study, handles Fuji apple with external source 5-amino-laevulic acid, can obviously improve coloring degree (Wang Liangju etc., the painted effect of 5-amino-laevulic acid promotion apple of fruit.The fruit tree journal, 2004,21 the 6th phases of volume).Then, further test medicaments such as LA and Glu in the effect of apple aspect painted, find LA and Glu obviously to promote apple painted, show as, painted morning, speed is fast, stained area is big, and coloring degree is dark.For " Fuji " the difficult like this apple variety with large-area colouring, after finite concentration LA or Glu handled, stained area all reached more than 80%, and the bar that is not only fruit shoulder place is red, and more be large-area red; Light red is not only arranged, and the scarlet or the aubergine (being similar to the snake fruit of import) of the degree of depth are arranged.In addition, the glossiness of fruit, soluble solid content also obviously improve.Thereby the commodity performance of fruit improves greatly.This method is easy and simple to handle, and is practical, and low price is easy to produce and promotes.
Four, description of drawings
When Fig. 1 5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid and glutamic acid were handled 8 days, the Fuji apple coloring degree relatively
When Fig. 2 5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid and glutamic acid were handled 16 days, the Fuji apple coloring degree relatively
When Fig. 3 5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid and glutamic acid were handled 28 days, the Fuji apple coloring degree relatively
When Fig. 4 5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid and glutamic acid are handled 38 days, the painted comparison of Fuji apple
When Fig. 5 5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid and glutamic acid are handled 43 days, the painted comparison of Fuji apple
Five, embodiment
At the beginning of the example 1.2003 years 10 months, utilized exogenous ALA to handle not bagging fruit in preceding 1 month ripe harvesting of Fuji apple.When gathering, contrast fruit pericarp anthocyanidin content is 164.07nmol/g FW, and the anthocyanidin content of 100-500mg/L ALA processing fruit is respectively 322.08nmol/g FW, 362.34nmol/g FW and 238.30nml/g FW, and the utmost point is significantly higher than the contrast (table 1) that clear water is handled.In addition, the solid shape content of solubility of measuring fruit shows that ALA processing fruit content is apparently higher than contrast.Wherein, 11 ° of contrast fruit average out to, 100-500mg/L ALA handles fruit and is respectively 12.05 °, 14.15 ° and 13.35 °, thereby the local flavor of fruit obviously is better than the clear water contrast
At the beginning of the example 2.2003 years 10 months, utilized exogenous ALA to handle the bagging fruit in preceding 1 month ripe harvesting of Fuji apple.When gathering, contrast fruit pericarp anthocyanidin content is 148.29nmol/g FW, and the anthocyanidin content of 300mg/LALA processing fruit is 300.00nmol/g FW, and also the utmost point is significantly higher than clear water contrast (table 1).
Example in mid-September, 3.2004, handle the apple fruit with 5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid and glutamic acid respectively, different time sampling determination pericarp anthocyanidin content then, find to handle the anthocyanidin content of the 4th day pericarp in back apparently higher than contrast, and in the mensuration process afterwards, all the time be higher than contrast (September 21 was to October 30), levulinic acid and glutamic acid processing can the promotion really apple painted (table 3) is described.After processing the 4th, 8,16,28,38 day, the 5-amino-laevulic acid handle the fruit anthocyanidin content compare respectively according to high by 108.94%, 88.42%, 91.87%, 46.91%, 54.62%; Levulinic acid handle fruit compare respectively according to high by 51.81%, 12.54%, 65.59%, 66.43%; 200mg/L glutamic acid is handled comparison respectively according to exceeding 136.55%, 46.62%, 26.20%, 35.37%; 400mg/L glutamic acid is handled comparison according to exceeding 65.53%, 70.59%, 44.39%, 34.96% respectively; 800mg/L glutamic acid is handled comparison according to exceeding 45.44%, 85.21%, 36.82%, 109.35% respectively.
In addition, handle back 16 days, 28 days, measured the soluble solid content (table 4) of fruit in 38 days respectively, find except that the 28th day ALA handle with the contrast no significant difference, remaining mean value all is higher than contrast.For example, LA processing fruit soluble solid is higher than contrast 1.25,1.71,1.23 degree respectively; 200mg/L glutamic acid is handled and is exceeded 1.25,2.42 and 0.89 degree respectively; 400mg/L glutamic acid is handled and is exceeded 1,2.76 and 1.48 degree respectively; 800mg/L glutamic acid is handled and is exceeded 1.25,2.51 and 0.35 degree respectively.Obviously, the interior quality of fruit obviously increases.
Table 1. exogenous ALA is handled the effect that promotes the apple cyanidins accumulation
Anthocyanidin content (nmol/g FW)
Handle
The measured value mean value of bagging fruit not
Contrast 159.54 165.91 189.82 155.94 158.24 154.97 164.07
100mg/L?ALA 369.86 370.78 356.22 364.95 232.45 238.20 322.08
300mg/L?ALA 320.29 332.61 384.95 378.49 308.29 449.40 362.34
500mg/L?ALA 236.63 232.99 236.68 240.48 239.68 243.35 238.30
Fruit bagging actual measurement definite value mean value
Contrast 141.24 124.34 144.07 151.26 161.42 167.42 148.29
100mg/L?ALA 132.15 142.02 127.25 128.27 124.31 122.87 129.48
300mg/L?ALA 307.37 315.34 319.24 318.80 267.82 271.42 300.00
500mg/L?ALA 145.27 147.73 176.74 174.03 179.34 184.69 167.97
Table 2. exogenous ALA is handled the influence to the apple fruit soluble solids content
Soluble solid content (°)
Handle
Fruit bagging mean value is fruit bagging mean value not
Contrast 11.2 11.3 11.2 11.1 11.20 11.2 10.0 13.0 9.8 11.00
100mg/L?ALA 12.1 11.9 12.1 12.0 12.025 12.0 11.0 11.0 14.2 12.05
300mg/L?ALA 11.6 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.60 14.4 12.1 14.0 16.1 14.15
500mg/L?ALA 12.9 11.5 12.9 12.5 12.45 15.0 13.0 13.3 12.1 13.35
Table 3.5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid or glutamic acid are handled the effect (fruit bagging) to the apple cyanidins accumulation
Handle fate (anthocyanidin content unit is nmol/g FW)
Handle
0 day 4 days 8 days 16 days 28 days 38 days 43 days
12.97 16.17 52.56 61.92 100.35 125.44 185.92
13.86 17.37 47.89 55.94 100.79 124.34 187.32
Contrast
42.66 65.81 88.33 125.12 211.28
41.34 64.89 88.33 123.87 248.07
Mean value 13.41 16.77 46.11 62.14 94.45 124.69 208.15
31.64 92.93 97.04 133.30 176.43 338.15
5-amino
38.45 92.09 96.00 133.38 182.63 339.70
Levulinic
81.91 141.88 144.56 204.78 403.58
Acid
80.60 141.99 143.78 207.33 403.55
Mean value 35.04 86.88 119.23 138.76 192.80 371.25
20.70 44.22 77.98 167.39 215.19 290.11
Levulinic 30.21 46.16 79.80 167.04 216.28 291.47
Acid 59.72 126.94 146.75 196.52 275.30
57.45 126.89 147.60 195.62 277.48
Mean value 25.46 51.89 102.90 157.19 205.90 283.59
200mg/L 37.30 81.84 86.28 133.27 128.55 206.02
Glutamic acid 42.04 84.35 87.82 133.31 128.33 204.81
69.05 68.82 122.32 119.30 326.42
69.10 70.76 122.53 118.39 325.38
Mean value 39.67 76.08 78.42 127.86 123.64 265.66
400mg/L 25.81 78.58 91.81 145.21 165.66 275.28
Glutamic acid 29.70 75.94 92.90 144.85 166.96 276.00
91.02 91.21 97.31 204.48 318.76
87.59 93.67 95.45 203.58 321.02
Mean value 27.76 78.66 86.67 127.47 185.17 297.77
800mg/L 22.46 84.19 84.35 213.65 182.85 265.05
Glutamic acid 26.33 83.15 84.10 214.06 183.75 263.15
87.78 89.11 181.51 248.50 317.35
86.50 82.51 181.72 247.77 316.60
Mean value 24.39 85.40 85.02 197.73 215.72 290.54
Table 4,5-amino-laevulic acid, levulinic acid or glutamic acid are handled the influence (fruit bagging) to apple fruit soluble solid
Handle back fate contrast ALA LA 200mg/L Glu 400mg/L Glu 800mg/L Glu
16 days 14 15 15 15 15 15
14 15 15.5 15.5 15 15.5
Mean value 14 15 15.25 15.25 15 15.25
28 days 12.5 13 15 15.2 16 16.2
13 13.1 15 15.3 16 16.2
14 13.1 15 15.3 16 16.2
15.2 16 17.8 16
15.2 16.5 17 13
15.2 15.8 15.1 14.8
14 14.2 16.2 14.5
13 14 14 17
15.4 16.2 15 16
15.8 16.5 16.2 16.5
16.5 15.9 16
Mean value 13.17 13.07 14.88 15.59 15.93 15.67
38 days 15.2 15.5 14 17.2 16.2 16.1
15.6 17 17.5 17 16.1 17
12.8 15.2 14.2 16 15.6 15.2
15 16 19 16.1 17.5 15.5
18 14.3 18 14.7 17.8 15.3
15.6 18.2 15.8 17 17.9 15.1
17.2 16.1 17 15.1 16.1 15.1
15
13
Mean value 15.27 16.04 16.50 16.16 16.74 15.61
Claims (2)
1. method that promotes fruit color, it is characterized in that, month use the 1000-3000mg/L levulinic acid in that fruit maturation is previous, wherein contain spreader-sticker Tween volume ratio and be 0.1% or use 100-1000mg/L glutamic acid, wherein contain the Tween0.1% spray and be distributed in fruit surface, once get final product.
2. a kind of method that promotes fruit color according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the cover bag cultivating or do not overlap bag cultivating all can use on the colour pattern fruit.
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| WO2010044649A1 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Martinez Tellez Miguel Angel | Method for controlling colouration in table grapes based on oligogalacturonides |
| CN101352165B (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2011-06-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Formulation and formulating method for promoting coloring of Nanguo pear fruit |
| CN102242186A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-16 | 山东省果树研究所 | Two color-related mutations in apple MdMYB1 gene and detection method thereof |
| CN105341001A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 界首市鲜天下家庭农场 | Agent for promoting grape coloring and production increase |
| CN105985179A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-10-05 | 芜湖市创源新材料有限公司 | Coloring promotion type special fertilizer for grapes |
| CN106614741A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-05-10 | 鲁东大学 | Composition for promoting coloring and sweetening of grapes |
| CN106721952A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江大学 | 1 methyl cyclopropene colours the purposes of accelerator as red pears |
| CN108033827A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-15 | 河北绿色农华作物科技有限公司 | A kind of functional form composition and its preparation method and application |
| CN113615695A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-09 | 郑州郑氏化工产品有限公司 | Composition for improving fruit tree yield and quality and application thereof |
| CN113841699A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-28 | 鲁东大学 | Composition for promoting coloring and sweetening of grapes |
| CN113973838A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-28 | 曾新华 | Technical scheme for promoting effective coloring of Nina Queen grape |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2660646B2 (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1997-10-08 | 株式会社コスモ総合研究所 | Apple peel coloring enhancer and method for improving apple peel coloring |
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2004
- 2004-11-26 CN CNB2004100653343A patent/CN1302697C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101352165B (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2011-06-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Formulation and formulating method for promoting coloring of Nanguo pear fruit |
| WO2010044649A1 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Martinez Tellez Miguel Angel | Method for controlling colouration in table grapes based on oligogalacturonides |
| CN102242186A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-16 | 山东省果树研究所 | Two color-related mutations in apple MdMYB1 gene and detection method thereof |
| CN102242186B (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2013-06-26 | 山东省果树研究所 | Two color-related mutations in apple MdMYB1 gene and detection method thereof |
| CN105341001A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 界首市鲜天下家庭农场 | Agent for promoting grape coloring and production increase |
| CN105985179A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-10-05 | 芜湖市创源新材料有限公司 | Coloring promotion type special fertilizer for grapes |
| CN106614741A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-05-10 | 鲁东大学 | Composition for promoting coloring and sweetening of grapes |
| CN106614741B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-06-25 | 鲁东大学 | A kind of promotion grape colours sweetened composition |
| CN106721952A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江大学 | 1 methyl cyclopropene colours the purposes of accelerator as red pears |
| CN106721952B (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2020-03-31 | 浙江大学 | Use of 1-methylcyclopropene as coloring promoter for red pears |
| CN108033827A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-15 | 河北绿色农华作物科技有限公司 | A kind of functional form composition and its preparation method and application |
| CN113615695A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-09 | 郑州郑氏化工产品有限公司 | Composition for improving fruit tree yield and quality and application thereof |
| CN113841699A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-28 | 鲁东大学 | Composition for promoting coloring and sweetening of grapes |
| CN113973838A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-28 | 曾新华 | Technical scheme for promoting effective coloring of Nina Queen grape |
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