CN107986829A - A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107986829A CN107986829A CN201711324428.1A CN201711324428A CN107986829A CN 107986829 A CN107986829 A CN 107986829A CN 201711324428 A CN201711324428 A CN 201711324428A CN 107986829 A CN107986829 A CN 107986829A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, include the raw material of following parts by weight：60 90 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, 10 40 parts of corncob bacteria residue, 20 30 parts of vermiculite, dry 20 30 parts of pig manure, 0.3 0.7 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.1 0.2 parts of fermenting agent, 0.1 0.2 parts of fungicide, 0.1 0.2 parts of insecticide.A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：Pretreatment of raw material；Raw material mixes；Water drenching is mixed thoroughly；Fermentation；Drying sieving；Admix fungicide, insecticide；Pack spare.By the soilless culture substrate prepared by the present invention, the growth indexes such as the survival rate of detoxic seedling, seedling-slowing stage, plant property in great numbers, stem are thick, and the Single seed weight of the virus-free potato primary stock produced, single plant knot potato number, yield per unit area etc. are significantly improved；Small investment, technique are simple, process cycle is short, beneficial to promotion and popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to virus-free potato primary stock culture field, specifically a kind of virus-free potato primary stock is without soil
Cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is Edible Fungi country maximum in the world, and yield accounts for more than the 70% of world wide production, often produces 1kg's
Edible mushroom about produces the bacteria residue of 3.25 kg, and data shows that the bacteria residue yield of 2011 reaches 1.3 hundred million tons.With edible mushroom
Production-scale constantly to expand, the quantity of produced bacteria residue is even more to reach a kind of surprising quantity, and how recycling, which recycles, shows
It is particularly important that obtaining.China is also especially low to bacteria residue comprehensive utilization ratio at present, and substantial amounts of reproducible utilization resource bacteria residue is taken as agriculture
Industry rubbish is arbitrarily abandoned or burned, and not only causes the significant wastage of resource, simultaneously because the growth of mould and pest, to environment band
Come serious pollution, and then the serious lifting for constraining China's mushroom industry.Edible fungi residue resource will be carried out from now on multistage
Recycle becomes the certainty and core competitiveness of modern Edible Fungi Industry Development.
Potato is the fourth-largest cereal crops in the world that total yield is only second to corn, and the production of virus-free potato primary stock uses
Substrate culture is a kind of new cultivation technique just progressively to grow up nearest decades.Virus-free potato primary stock is with de-
The transplantation of seedlings of potato test tube or cuttage of poison are after a series of technical measures remove virus, acquisition virus-free or few ill
The potato seed that poison infects, it has the advantages that, and yield is high, quality is good.The yield and quality of potato and potato seed are closely related.Potato seed
Not all right, yield and quality will have a greatly reduced quality, and once virus will cause potato seriously to move back intrusion potato plant and stem tuber
Change, and produce various illnesss, cause potato yield to decline to a great extent.Detoxification is generally carried out as cultivation matrix using vermiculite at present
Potato primary stock produces, and since vermiculite is expensive, cultivation is of high cost, and vermiculite gives up as cultivation matrix, the matrix of generation
Slag can not reuse, and increase the processing cost in later stage, constrain the large area breeding of virus-free potato primary stock.
Therefore, how to be recycled with reference to agricultural wastes harmless treatment and recycling, producing not only has applicability, but also
It is economical, not only there is science, but also with technique is simple, easy to operate, process cycle is short, the detoxification beneficial to promotion and popularization
Potato primary stock culture medium is necessary.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, its feature
It is, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：60-90 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, 10-40 parts of corncob bacteria residue, 20-30 parts of vermiculite,
Dry pig manure 20-30 parts, 0.3-0.7 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.1-0.2 parts of fermenting agent, 0.1-0.2 parts of fungicide, insecticide 0.1-0.2
Part.
As preferable technical solution, the cotton seed hulls bacteria residue and corncob bacteria residue are the bacterium of the edible mushrooms such as cultivation oyster mushroom
Slag.
As preferable technical solution, the vermiculite blade plane size is 4~15 millimeters, and impurity content (is pressed below 3%
Weight meter).
As preferable technical solution, the fermenting agent is high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria.
As preferable technical solution, the fungicide is Bravo.
As preferable technical solution, the insecticide is 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：Cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed spare；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and
Fermenting agent blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 60%-70%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 60-70 DEG C, and begins to decline；When
Turning again when temperature starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 18-20 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 18%-22%, mistake
10mm is sieved；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Required fungicide and insecticide are diluted with clear water respectively according to parts by weight, used
Atomizers spray, sprays in turning, accomplishes that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
As preferable technical solution, step（1）Described in cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure be crushed to
Particle diameter is 3-5mm.
As preferable technical solution, step（6）Middle fungicide is by 1000 times of dilutions, and insecticide is by 800 times of dilutions.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has beneficial effect following prominent：
1st, bacteria residue waste material is able to again high value utilization, not only promotes recycling and rising in value for resource, and effectively
Virus-free potato primary stock production cost is reduced, technical support is provided for the production of virus-free potato primary stock large area.
2nd, cultivation matrix unit weight is small, stable structure, good permeability, retain water and nutrients；Prepared soilless culture substrate, detoxification
The growth indexes such as the survival rate of seedling, seedling-slowing stage, plant property in great numbers, stem be thick, and the list of the virus-free potato primary stock produced
Grain weight, single plant knot potato number, yield per unit area, unit area knot potato number, have substantially more than 1 gram particle number/square meter proportion
Improve；Small investment, technique is simple, economical and practical easy to grasp, and easy to operate, process cycle is short, beneficial to promotion and popularization.
3rd, high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria is inoculated with heap is expected, cover film, can effectively shorten fermentation time.
4th, the ammonium sulfate of proper proportion is added in heap is expected, C/N ratios not only can be effectively adjusted, make fermentation more thorough,
It is decomposed more abundant, while ammonium sulfate is water-soluble rear in acidity, therefore the acid-base value of matrix can be effectively adjusted, overcome tradition and add
The drawbacks of entering urea and only adjust C/N ratios, and acid-base value cannot be adjusted, the growth of slightly acidic environment potato preferably.
5th, the dry pig manure of proper proportion is added in heap is expected, dry pig manure passes through high temperature drying, sterilization for fresh pig dung, divides
Odorless particulate material of the moisture content that the drying of the processes such as solution forms below 13%；Since fresh pig dung is difficult to transport, stench, easily
Epidemic disease sprawling, insect pest and the propagation of zoosis epidemic disease are caused, and the stack retting time is grown, and generally requires 4-6 months, and effect is poor,
Long-term bank up not only accounts for place, but also surrounding environment is polluted, time-consuming, therefore with dry pig manure rather than fresh pig dung；Use pig manure
Instead of common cow dung or chicken manure, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is obviously higher than cow dung in pig manure, and the C/N of pig manure is lower than obvious
In cow dung, thus it is abundant easy to fermentation；The organic matter and nutrient content of cow dung are minimum in various fowl and animal excrements, and caloric value is very
It is low, the method that slower therefore traditional cultivation matrix adds cattle manure is decomposed, not only fermenting speed is slow, but also cannot
Make cow dung thoroughly decomposed, " secondary fermentation " easily occurs after substrate culture, cause to burn the phenomenon of root burn seedlings, if again individually to cow dung
Fermentation, will be time-consuming；Although chicken manure nutrient content highest in all fowl and animal excrements, wherein often contains partial amt
Copper, mercury, cadmium, lead, heavy metal and the more hormone residues such as arsenic, agricultural product heavy metals exceeding standard can be caused, buried to food security
Lower hidden danger.
6th, the Bravo and 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of proper proportion are added after the completion of fermenting, can be effectively played to bacterium and evil
The prevention and prevention of worm, adding insecticide and fungicide after the fermentation has been completed can kill to avoid by the beneficial bacterium for the needs that ferment,
Ensure being normally carried out for fermentation.
Embodiment
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this area is common
Technical staff's all other embodiments obtained without creative efforts, belong to the model that the present invention protects
Enclose.
Embodiment 1
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：60 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
40 parts of rice core bacteria residue, 20 parts of vermiculite, dry 30 parts of pig manure, 0.3 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.1 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, Bravo 0.1
Part, 50% 0.1 part of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and
High temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 60%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 60 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 20 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 18%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Embodiment 2
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：90 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
10 parts of rice core bacteria residue, 30 parts of vermiculite, dry 20 parts of pig manure, 0.7 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, Bravo 0.2
Part, 50% 0.2 part of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and
High temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 70%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 70 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 18 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 22%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Embodiment 3
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
20 parts of rice core bacteria residue, 25 parts of vermiculite, dry 25 parts of pig manure, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, Bravo
0.15 part, 50% 0.15 part of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and
High temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Embodiment 4
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：70 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
30 parts of rice core bacteria residue, 25 parts of vermiculite, dry 25 parts of pig manure, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, Bravo
0.15 part, 50% 0.15 part of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and
High temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Comparative example 1
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
20 parts of rice core bacteria residue, 25 parts of vermiculite, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, 0.15 part of Bravo, 50% pungent sulphur
0.15 part of Emulphors oil.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, ammonium sulfate and high temperature fiber
Plain decomposer blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Comparative example 2
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
20 parts of rice core bacteria residue, 25 parts of vermiculite, dry 25 parts of pig manure, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, 0.15 part of Bravo, 50% pungent sulphur
0.15 part of Emulphors oil.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure and high temperature fiber
Plain decomposer blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Comparative example 3
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue,
25 parts of vermiculite, dry 25 parts of pig manure, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, 0.15 part of Bravo, 50% phoxim
0.15 part of missible oil.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：Cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and high temperature fiber element are divided according to raw material weight number
It is uniform to solve bacterium blending；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Comparative example 4
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of corncob bacteria residue,
25 parts of vermiculite, dry 25 parts of pig manure, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, 0.15 part of Bravo, 50% phoxim
0.15 part of missible oil.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：Corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and high temperature fiber element are divided according to raw material weight number
It is uniform to solve bacterium blending；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Comparative example 5
A kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, it is beautiful
20 parts of rice core bacteria residue, dry 25 parts of pig manure, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0.15 part of high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria, 0.15 part of Bravo, 50% is pungent
0.15 part of sulphur Emulphors oil.
A kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：It is spare for 3-5mm that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed to particle diameter；
（2）Raw material mixes：It is according to raw material weight number that cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and high temperature is fine
The plain decomposer blending of dimension is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 65%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 65 DEG C, and begins to decline；Work as temperature
Turning again when degree starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 19 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 20%, cross 10mm
Sieve；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Bravo is pressed 800 by 1000 times of dilutions, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to parts by weight
Dilute, with atomizers spray, sprayed in turning again, accomplish that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
Comparative example 6
Cultivation matrix is used as using the vermiculite identical with 3 raw material weight of embodiment.
It is divided into 10 groups by the cultivation matrix obtained by embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-6 and cultivates toxicity-removing white potato examination respectively
Guan Miao, every group of cultivated area and seeding row spacing all same.Following table is detoxic seedling transplanting survival rate, seedling-slowing stage, plant property in great numbers, stem are thick
And the situation of pest and disease damage；Wherein seedling-slowing stage is plant to the period for bearing new root.
From upper table result, the cultivation matrix cultivation virus-free potato tube plant obtained by embodiment 1-4, its detoxic seedling
Survival rate be 100%, survival rate is high；Seedling-slowing stage is short, hence it is evident that is shorter than each comparative example；Plant property in great numbers is strong, and stem is slightly obvious
It is thicker than each comparative example.Therefore, produced by cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention for virus-free potato primary stock, its detoxic seedling
Growing way is significantly better than that each comparative example.
By taking embodiment 3 as an example, compared in terms of the virus-free potato primary stock yield and quality produced with each comparative example
Compared with its comparing result is：Single seed weight averagely increases by 4.33%, and single plant knot potato number averagely increases by 49.95%, unit area（Per square meter）
Knot potato number averagely increases by 46.46%, unit area（Per square meter）Yield averagely increases by 52.80%, more than shared by 1 gram particle number/square meter
Ratio averagely increases by 17.46%.It follows that the toxicity-removing white potato produced by the cultivation matrix obtained by the present invention is former
Kind, each comparative example is significantly better than that in terms of yield and quality.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：Cottonseed
60-90 parts of shell bacteria residue, 10-40 parts of corncob bacteria residue, 20-30 parts of vermiculite, dry pig manure 20-30 parts, 0.3-0.7 parts of ammonium sulfate, hair
0.1-0.2 parts of yeast-like fungi agent, 0.1-0.2 parts of fungicide, 0.1-0.2 parts of insecticide.
A kind of 2. virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cottonseed
Shell bacteria residue and corncob bacteria residue are the bacteria residue of the edible mushrooms such as cultivation oyster mushroom.
A kind of 3. virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The vermiculite
Blade plane size be 4~15 millimeters, impurity content below 3% (by weight).
A kind of 4. virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fermentation
Microbial inoculum is high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria.
A kind of 5. virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sterilization
Agent is Bravo.
A kind of 6. virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The desinsection
Agent is 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate.
7. a kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in accordance with the claim 1, including it is following
Step：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：Cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure are crushed spare；
（2）Raw material mixes：According to raw material weight number by cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue, vermiculite, dry pig manure, ammonium sulfate and
Fermenting agent blending is uniform；
（3）Water drenching is mixed thoroughly：Spray plus water, while turn uniformly, water content is reached 60%-70%；
（4）Fermentation：120cm-150cm wide is piled, the material heap of 80cm-90cm high, length is according to material how many free hold, plastic covering
Film, along material heap length direction every 30-50cm perforatings 1, the turning when temperature rises to 60-70 DEG C, and begins to decline；When
Turning again when temperature starts again at decline, continuous turning is three times；Fermentation 18-20 days；
（5）Drying sieving：When temperature stabilization and when reaching normal temperature state, drying is spread out, when water content is down to 18%-22%, mistake
10mm is sieved；
（6）Admix fungicide, insecticide：Required fungicide and insecticide are diluted with clear water respectively according to parts by weight, used
Atomizers spray, sprays in turning, accomplishes that sprinkling is uniform；
（7）Pack spare：It is packed, store at dry and ventilated, it is spare.
8. according to a kind of preparation method of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in claim 7, its feature exists
In：Step（1）Described in cotton seed hulls bacteria residue, corncob bacteria residue and dry pig manure to be crushed to particle diameter be 3-5mm.
9. according to a kind of virus-free potato primary stock soilless culture substrate described in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, its feature
It is：Step（6）Middle fungicide is by 1000 times of dilutions, and insecticide is by 800 times of dilutions.
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Cited By (1)
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