CN104058878A - Pesticide fertilizer specially used for industrialized production of mechanically transplanted rice seedlings - Google Patents
Pesticide fertilizer specially used for industrialized production of mechanically transplanted rice seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to pesticide fertilizer specially used for industrialized production of mechanically transplanted rice seedlings. The pesticide fertilizer specially used for the industrialized production of the mechanically transplanted rice seedlings comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of organic fertilizer, 40-50% of inorganic fertilizer, 0.4-0.6% of promoting and controlling agent and 0.03-0.05% of pest and disease control chemical agent. The pesticide fertilizer is a functional pesticide fertilizer specially used for industrialized production of the mechanically transplanted rice seedlings and is of a full-dose nutritional type and promotion and control type and has function of pest and disease prevention and control, quality of rice seedlings can be effectively improved, simple and safe industrialized production of the mechanically transplanted rice seedlings is realized, and abundant local organic waste resources such as distilled grain and Chinese medicine residue can be utilized, which is signification for reduction of environmental pollution. The coordination problem between culture of mechanically transplanted rice seedlings and packing dynamic is solved, seedling age or appropriate transplanting time of the rice seedlings can be prolonged, and the number of seedling culture batches of the mechanically transplanted rice seedlings is reduced. The pesticide fertilizer is slowly released, pesticide effect and fertilizer effect are prolonged, and diseases and insect pests in a nursery stage are effectively prevented, so that safe production of the mechanically transplanted rice seedlings is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer preparing technical field.Relate in particular to the grow seedlings compound method of special medicated fertilizer of a kind of rice mechanical transplanting.
Background technology
In Rice Production mechanize process, the weakest link is Mechanization of The Rice Transplanting.Realize Mechanization of The Rice Transplanting, just must carry out the batch production of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot and produce.
It is a kind ofly at environment, to control or component environment is controlled under the condition of temperature, light, gas, water, fertilizer that the batch production of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot is produced; according to standardized operation technological process, carry out mechanize or semi-mechanization operation, finally realize the seedling raising manners of scale breeding, commercialization confession seedling.
The difficult point of machine transplanting of rice disc type seedling growing technology: the one, the complex procedures of fostering and apply fertilizer, uses base manure in matrix before sowing, and 11 heart stage of leaf, mended and executes " wean " fertilizer, before transplanting, within 6-8 days, gently executed " relay " fertilizer, 2-4 days general the executing fertilizer of " standing up " before transplanting seedlings; The 2nd, under batch production condition, seedling stage diseases and pests need prevent the multiple disease and pests such as damping-off, banded sclerotial blight, bakanae disease, seedling rice blast, rice stem maggot, rice thrips, and some effective medicaments be not suitable for seed dressing and use; The 3rd, machine transplanting of rice disc type seedling growing reduces the amount of broadcasting and strengthens the difficult coordination of packing dynamics, causes the amount of broadcasting bigger than normal, and seedling age elasticity is little, and rice shoot reguarity is poor.
For above-mentioned technological difficulties, since the eighties in last century, many scholars have developed rice nursery sock growing seedling strengthen agent, the products such as special fertilizer for seedling culture, as the special-purpose slow release fertilizer for water-retention sprout-cultivation (CN:200610170469.5) of Inst. of Agricultural Science, Lixiahe Prefecture, Jiangsu Prov.'s development, the machine-transplanted rice industrial sprout cultivation nutrient special (CN:201210428471.3) of Jiangxi Province academy of sciences development, the rice mechanical transplanting Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings formula of Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricu's development and preparation method thereof (CN:201210314661.2) etc., the said products is at particular locality performance prophylaxis effect in strong sprout, but all there is deficiency, as:
1. the said products all be take chemical fertilizer as the main fertile type of growing seedlings, and adds sorbent material, according to rice varieties, disease and pest occurrence characteristic, the planting environment of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces one band, adds certain chemical agent.
2. the said products is not focused on, to the using of trace element, lacking the cultivation ability to rice root.
3. the time period that the applicable rice seedling of the said products is cultivated is short, needs segmentation to grow seedlings and solves.
4. the said products control nursery stage disease and pest adopts seed dressing more, but some effective medicaments be not suitable for seed dressing and use, during seed dressing, the improper easy generation poisoning of consumption, affects seed germination.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the grow seedlings deficiency of fertilizer technology product of existing rice seedling plugged in by machine, effectively improve seedling quality, realize easy, the safe of rice industrial sprout cultivation and produce, and promote the recycling of local advantage organic waste.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The special medicated fertilizer formula of growing seedlings: fertilizer 30%-50% by weight percentage, inorganic fertilizer 40%-50%(wherein nitrogenous fertilizer 30%-50%, phosphate fertilizer 20%-40%, potash fertilizer 20%-40%,, zinc sulfate 0.2%-0.4%, manganous sulfate 0.1%-0.5%), growth regulation agent 0.2%-0.6%(growth promoter 0.01%-0.03%, promoter 0.1%-0.2%, strengthening agent 0.1%-0.3%), pest control chemicals 1%-3%(sterilant 0.1%-0.2%, sterilant 0.5%-2.5%, antiviral agent 1.0%-2.0%) configuration form.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is that any one or a few in urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described phosphate fertilizer is that any one or a few in calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate and ground phosphate rock mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Any one or a few in described potash fertilizer potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate and Repone K mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described sterilant is that 25% pymetrozine wettable powder, 60% imidacloprid aqueous suspension prepared dose, 70% Diacloden dispersible any one or a few in pulvis and mix according to arbitrary proportion;
Described antiviral agent is that any one or a few in 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wettable powder, 10% Ningnanmycin soluble powder mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described sterilant is that 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 0.1% are disliked mould clever granule; Any one or a few in 50% thiram wettable powder mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described growth promoter is that any one or a few in zeatin, 6-BA, KT-30, DA-6, mono-nitration methyl catechol sodium salt mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described promoter is that any one or a few in α-naphthaleneacetic acid and derivative, indolebutyric acid and derivative thereof, indolylacetic acid and derivative thereof, phenoxy acetic acid mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described strengthening agent is that any one or a few in paclobutrazol, uniconazole, choline dichloride mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Special medicated fertilizer preparation method grows seedlings:
(1) by the organic wastes such as fowl and animal excrement, crop material, Chinese medicine slag, vinasse, mushroom slag in proportion (3:1:2:2:2) composite, add fermenting agent, after high temperature aerobic fermentation, pulverize, dry, make fertilizer, standby;
(2) fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are pulverized respectively, then added trace element, growth regulation agent, pest control chemicals, after machinery mixes, packing.
In seedling cultivation of rice fertilizer of the present invention, the content of various nutrients is organic 10%-30%, pure N 8%-12%, P
2o
58%-12%, K
2o 5%-10%.
The present invention utilizes local organic waste superior resources as raw material, in conjunction with seedling cultivation of rice phase nutrient demand characteristic, fertilizer, a large amount of, trace element, sterilization, insecticide, plant-growth regulator are combined, prepare a kind of machine-transplanted rice industrial seedling rearing special medicated fertilizer.
Its beneficial effect: the one, there is full dose nutrition, the time that applicable rice seedling is cultivated is long, does not need segmentation to supplement nutrient, can reduce fertilization strategy management work.Adding of promoter, has solved the coordination problem that the machine transplanting of rice is grown seedlings between the reduction amount of broadcasting and enhancing packing dynamics, can extend the suitable of the length of time rice seedlings grow or rice shoot and plant the time, reduces transplanting seedling batch.Thereby the easy of realizing machine transplanting of rice rice shoot is produced; The 2nd, take fertilizer as main, fertilizer, as the sorbent material of available nutrient, pest control chemicals, makes the fertile slowly release of medicine, has extended drug effect, fertilizer efficiency, effectively prevents the disease and pest of nursery stage, thereby realizes the safety in production of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.Yet, those skilled in the art will readily understand, the described concrete material proportion of embodiment, using method and result thereof be only for the present invention is described, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1: the component of machine-transplanted rice industrial sprout cultivation special medicated fertilizer preparation 100kg weight proportion is: fertilizer 50kg, urea 20kg, potassium primary phosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 5.2kg, zinc sulfate 0.15kg, manganous sulfate 0.10kg, 6-BA 0.01kg, indolylacetic acid 0.1kg, paclobutrazol 0.11kg, 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 0.13kg, 25% pymetrozine wettable powder 2.07kg, 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wettable powder 1.04kg.
Embodiment 2: the component of machine-transplanted rice industrial sprout cultivation special medicated fertilizer preparation 100kg weight proportion is: fertilizer 44kg, urea 15kg, monoammonium phosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 18.8kg zinc sulfate 0.2kg, manganous sulfate 0.15kg, mono-nitration methyl catechol sodium salt 0.01kg, indolylacetic acid 0.1kg, paclobutrazol 0.11kg, 0.1% dislike mould clever granule 0.90kg, 70% Diacloden seed dressing 0.52kg, 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wettable powder 1.04kg.
Implementation process:
Adopt the plastics hard disk seedling of 58cm * 28cm specification, machine-transplanted rice industrial sprout cultivation special medicated fertilizer 30 g for every dish, disposablely apply and fully mix thoroughly with seedling raising ground substance.Each is processed to seedling raising ground substance and be layered in seedling-cultivation plate, thickness 1.8-2.0 cm, evenly sowing, every dish application rate is 75 grams of 110 g(gulches after vernalization), finally spread respectively again the matrix that one deck is not fostered and apply fertilizer accordingly, be put in seedling in greenhouse, the management of normally watering every day.
In Zhuo Hao agricultural science and technology company limited scientific research and testing base, Guizhou, carry out the experiment and demonstration of machine-transplanted rice industrial sprout cultivation special medicated fertilizer in March, 2013 to May, 3 processing of test design, every processing 5 dishes, repeat for 5 times, totally 75 coil, random alignment, test has repeated 3 times.1. process 1, process code name YY, commercially available rice seedling fertilizer; 2. process 2, process code name ZY, commercially available fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings; 3. process 3, process code name JY-1, the formula 1 of preparation; 4. process 4, process code name JY-2, the formula 2 of preparation.
Implementation result:
(1) impact of different rice seedling fertilizers on rice seedling plugged in by machine over-ground part economical character
Test-results shows, different machine-transplanted rice seedling raising fertilizer has significant impact to rice seedling overground part proterties, has significant difference (table 1).
The different rice seedling fertilizers of table 1 are to rice seedling plugged in by machine over-ground part economical character
Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer is processed JY-1, the height of seedling of processing JY-2, overground part fresh weight, individual plant leaf area all to be increased obviously than other matrix treatments, difference between processing reaches conspicuous level in various degree, machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer is processed JY-1, processing JY-2 stem foot is wide also higher, and this explanation machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer is processed JY-1, processing JY-2 is conducive to growing of overground part plant.
Blade Chlorophyll content is to process JY-1> JY-2> YY > ZY.The photosynthesis ability of the processing JY-1 that nutrient proportioning is suitable, processing JY-2 blade is the strongest.
By finding out the performance of overground part proterties, organic substrate is processed JY-1, processing JY-2 processes with respect to other, and the seedling quality of rice shoot meets machine transplanting of rice requirement.Show that machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer is through the allotment of science, than other fertilizer, be more suitable in the growing of the rice shoot overground part of rice mechanical transplanting seedling, the photosynthesis of rice shoot is stronger.
(2) impact of Different Raising Seedling matrix on rice seedling plugged in by machine underground part proterties
When carrying out rice machine rice transplanting operation, the root system of part rice shoot can be damaged, therefore the growth of the quality of rice seedling root system development after to transplanting transplantation of seedlings and the formation of tillering have a certain impact, and the developmental level of root system is to evaluate the extremely important index of Seedling Quality in Rice.3 leaf phases were measured the impact of different machine-transplanted rice seedling raising fertilizer on the root system of rice seedling, and the difference between processing reaches conspicuous level (table 2).
Table 2 Different Raising Seedling matrix is to rice seedling plugged in by machine underground part proterties
Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer is processed the indefinite radical of JY-1, JY-2 and is processed more than other, its root length is also significantly higher than other processing, root fresh weight and root dry weight are also higher, the growing of rice shoot underground part that the machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer of this explanation rational proportion has strengthened rice mechanical transplanting seedling.The seedling piece that all seedling raising ground substances are bred as all has certain dish knot power (table 2), and the root dish knot power in suitableeer transplanting tray, keeps whole dish rice shoot to take out from seedling dish and still can keep not faling apart, and meets the requirement of machine transplanting of rice rice shoot.
The root activity of processing JY-1 and processing JY-2 is higher, is significantly higher than and processes YY and process ZY.The improving activity of root system that has absolutely proved use machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special fertilizer is strong, and such rice shoot surviving rate after rice transplanting is high, strong adaptability, good stress resistance.
(3) impact of different rice seedling fertilizers on the sick worm harm of rice seedling plugged in by machine
Table 3 Different Raising Seedling matrix is to the sick worm Harm of rice seedling plugged in by machine
Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising special medicated fertilizer is processed the disease and pest sickness rate of JY-1, processing JY-2 significantly lower than processing YY, processing ZY, effective to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of rice seedling plugged in by machine.
Claims (3)
1. a machine-transplanted rice industrial seedling rearing special medicated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: this special medicated fertilizer formula of growing seedlings: fertilizer 30%-50% by weight percentage, inorganic fertilizer 40%-50%, its nitrogenous fertilizer 30%-50% in inorganic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 20%-40%, potash fertilizer 20%-40%, zinc sulfate 0.2%-0.4%, manganous sulfate 0.1%-0.5%, growth regulation agent 0.2%-0.6%, in growth regulation agent: growth promoter 0.01%-0.03%, promoter 0.1%-0.2%, strengthening agent 0.1%-0.3%, pest control chemicals 1%-3%, in its medicament: sterilant 0.1%-0.2%, sterilant 0.5%-2.5%, antiviral agent 1.0%-2.0% configuration forms,
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is that any one or a few in urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described phosphate fertilizer is that any one or a few in calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate and ground phosphate rock mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Any one or a few in described potash fertilizer potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate and Repone K mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described sterilant is that 25% pymetrozine wettable powder, 60% imidacloprid aqueous suspension prepared dose, 70% Diacloden dispersible any one or a few in pulvis and mix according to arbitrary proportion;
Described antiviral agent is that any one or a few in 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wettable powder, 10% Ningnanmycin soluble powder mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described sterilant is that 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 0.1% are disliked mould clever granule; Any one or a few in 50% thiram wettable powder mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described growth promoter is that any one or a few in zeatin, 6-BA, KT-30, DA-6, mono-nitration methyl catechol sodium salt mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described promoter is that any one or a few in α-naphthaleneacetic acid and derivative, indolebutyric acid and derivative thereof, indolylacetic acid and derivative thereof, phenoxy acetic acid mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
Described strengthening agent is that any one or a few in paclobutrazol, uniconazole, choline dichloride mixes according to arbitrary proportion;
This special medicated fertilizer preparation method that grows seedlings:
(1) by fowl and animal excrement, crop material, Chinese medicine slag, vinasse, 3:1:2:2:2 is composite in proportion for mushroom slag organic waste, adds fermenting agent, pulverizes, dry after high temperature aerobic fermentation, makes fertilizer, standby;
(2) fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are pulverized respectively, then added trace element, growth regulation agent, pest control chemicals, after machinery mixes, packing;
The content that makes various nutrients is organic 10%-30%, pure N 8%-12%, P
2o
58%-12%, K
2o 5%-10%.Adopt the plastics hard disk seedling of 58cm * 28cm specification, machine-transplanted rice industrial sprout cultivation special medicated fertilizer 30 g for every dish, disposablely apply and fully mix thoroughly with seedling raising ground substance; Each is processed to seedling raising ground substance and be layered in seedling-cultivation plate, thickness 1.8-2.0 cm, evenly sowing, every dish application rate is 75 grams of 110 g or gulch after vernalization, finally spreads respectively the matrix that one deck is not fostered and apply fertilizer accordingly again, is put in seedling in greenhouse, the management of normally watering every day.
2. by machine-transplanted rice industrial seedling rearing special medicated fertilizer claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the component of this special medicated fertilizer preparation 100kg weight proportion is: fertilizer 50kg, urea 20kg, potassium primary phosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 5.2kg, zinc sulfate 0.15kg, manganous sulfate 0.10kg, 6-BA 0.01kg, indolylacetic acid 0.1kg, paclobutrazol 0.11kg, 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 0.13kg, 25% pymetrozine wettable powder 2.07kg, 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wettable powder 1.04kg.
3. by machine-transplanted rice industrial seedling rearing special medicated fertilizer claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the component of special medicated fertilizer preparation 100kg weight proportion is: fertilizer 44kg, urea 15kg, monoammonium phosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 18.8kg, zinc sulfate 0.2kg, manganous sulfate 0.15kg, mono-nitration methyl catechol sodium salt 0.01kg, indolylacetic acid 0.1kg, paclobutrazol 0.11kg, 0.1% dislike mould clever granule 0.90kg, 70% Diacloden seed dressing 0.52kg, 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wettable powder 1.04kg.
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| CN105384500A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-09 | 无锡市路华肥料科技有限公司 | Rice sheath blight preventing fertilizer |
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