CN107954879B - 碳负载的钌纳米材料在制备n-烷基芳香胺化合物中的应用 - Google Patents
碳负载的钌纳米材料在制备n-烷基芳香胺化合物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107954879B CN107954879B CN201711289279.XA CN201711289279A CN107954879B CN 107954879 B CN107954879 B CN 107954879B CN 201711289279 A CN201711289279 A CN 201711289279A CN 107954879 B CN107954879 B CN 107954879B
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- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 75
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical group NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
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- QETISSZVCNFQBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane;cyclopentylmethanol;iron Chemical class [Fe].[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.OC[C]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1 QETISSZVCNFQBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- BHAAPTBBJKJZER-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-anisidine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 BHAAPTBBJKJZER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002186 photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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- YCWCHFFJEUYBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(OCO2)C2=C1 YCWCHFFJEUYBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WJKFEXKYOWOJPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-n-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1CNC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 WJKFEXKYOWOJPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/04—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
- C07C209/14—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
- C07C209/18—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings or from amines having nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/462—Ruthenium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/086—Decomposition of an organometallic compound, a metal complex or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C213/02—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions involving the formation of amino groups from compounds containing hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳材料负载的钌纳米粒子的制备与催化应用。具体而言,本发明制备的钌纳米粒子的平均粒径分布在2.2 nm左右,其均匀分散在基底碳材料上。该材料能够催化氢转移反应以芳香甲醇和芳香胺为原料合成二级胺,具有转化效率高、适用范围广、反应条件温和等特点。转化反应结束后,从反应体系中离心分离出催化剂,经简单洗涤干燥即可进行下一轮反应,循环5次后仍能保持稳定且其催化活性也未出现明显降低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化化学技术领域,涉及一种碳负载的钌纳米材料在制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物中的应用。
背景技术
N-烷基苯胺类化合物是一种应用广泛的有机化工原料,用于制造医药、化学农产品、天然产物人工替代品、染料和香料。目前,用于合成这类化合物的主要方法有使用烷基卤化物与苯胺的亲核取代反应、亚胺的氢化反应、羰基化合物的还原胺化反应以及过渡金属催化的芳基卤化物的氨化反应等。但是这些方法本身存在不足之处,例如需要额外的氧化剂或还原剂、原子利用率低、容易造成环境污染等。同时现有催化剂不易分离,无法实现催化剂的循环利用。
发明内容
针对上述情况,本发明的目的在于提供一种碳负载的钌纳米材料在制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物中的应用。以该碳负载的钌纳米材料作为催化剂,在甲苯或1,4-二氧六环溶剂中,催化芳香胺与芳香甲醇的氢转移(transfer-hydrogen)反应,最终制得N-烷基化芳香胺化合物。另外,在本发明反应体系中,作为催化剂使用的碳负载的钌纳米材料可以被循环利用5次以上,循环5次后仍然稳定,并且其催化活性也未出现明显降低,是一种有效且高效的催化剂。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
碳负载的钌纳米材料在制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物中的应用。
上述技术方案中,所述碳负载的钌纳米材料,其基底为氮掺杂的碳材料,钌纳米粒子以2.2 nm的平均粒径均匀分布在基底碳材料上;所述钌的质量为碳质量的0.9~1.1%。该材料的金属钌呈现的化合价为零价,氮呈现出三种存在形式分别为吡啶类型、吡咯类型和石墨类型,碳材料的形态为无定型碳。
上述技术方案中,所述碳负载的钌纳米材料的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:将钌配合物与碳材料混合,于60~90℃反应10~15小时,得到前驱体;然后将前驱体在惰性气氛中,于750~850℃下煅烧100~150分钟,得到碳负载的钌纳米材料。
上述技术方案中,所述惰性气体选自氮气、氩气中的任意一种,优选氮气。
上述技术方案中,所述加热通过加热型磁力搅拌器来完成,煅烧加热通过管式炉来完成。
上述技术方案中,所述反应的温度为80℃,时间为12小时,煅烧温度为800℃,时间为2小时。
上述技术方案中,所述碳材料为甲基取代苯硼酸。
比如按照金属负载量1% wt通过浸渍-煅烧的方法制备碳负载的钌纳米材料。将制备好的Ru(phen)2Cl2配合物溶于无水乙醇中,搅拌0.5小时后,向溶液中加入碳材料VULCANXC72R,加热到80℃并反应12小时;反应结束后通过减压旋蒸出去乙醇溶剂,然后置于真空烘箱中40℃烘干,得到前驱体。将前驱体置于管式炉中800℃惰性气体条件下煅烧2小时,其中管式炉升温程序为5℃每小时,降温程序为自然降温,即得到碳负载的钌纳米材料。
上述技术方案中,制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物时,以芳香胺和芳香甲醇为原料,在氢氧化钾存在下进行氢转移反应;所述芳香甲醇选自苯甲醇、烷基取代苯甲醇、烷氧基取代苯甲醇、萘基取代苯甲醇、杂芳环取代甲醇和二茂铁基甲醇中的任意一种;所述芳香胺选自苯胺、烷基取代苯胺、烷氧基取代苯胺和萘基取代胺中的任意一种。
本发明公开的碳负载的钌纳米材料可以用在以芳香胺、芳香甲醇为原料的无受体脱氢偶联反应中,来实现二级胺化合物的高效合成,这类反应的副产物只有水和氢气,是非常绿色环保的方法,克服了现有技术缺点。
本发明还公开一种制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物的方法,包括如下步骤,将芳香胺、芳香甲醇、碳负载的钌纳米材料、氢氧化钾、溶剂混合,在惰性气氛下,于100~130℃反应20~30小时,制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物。
上述技术方案中,所述芳香胺、芳香甲醇、碳负载的钌纳米材料、氢氧化钾的投料比为1 mol:1.3 mol:20 mg:0.5 mol。
上述技术方案中,所述芳香甲醇选自苯甲醇、烷基取代苯甲醇(优选甲基、叔丁基取代苯甲醇)、烷氧基取代苯甲醇(优选甲氧基取代苯甲醇)、萘基取代苯甲醇、杂芳环取代甲醇(优选吡啶环、呋喃环取代甲醇)和二茂铁基甲醇中的任意一种;所述芳香胺选自苯胺、烷基取代苯胺(优选甲基取代苯胺)、烷氧基取代苯胺(优选甲氧基取代苯硼酸)和萘基取代胺中的任意一种。
上述技术方案中,所述溶剂为甲苯、1,4-二氧六环中的任意一种,优选甲苯。
优选的,所述反应的温度为110℃,反应的时间为24小时。
比如按照芳香胺:芳香甲醇:碳负载的钌纳米材料:氢氧化钾=1 mol:1.3 mol:20mg:0.5 mol的比例,将芳香胺、芳香甲醇、碳负载的钌纳米材料、碱和甲苯溶剂在氮气条件下加入到25 ml带支口反应管中,在110℃条件下密闭反应24小时。反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到二级胺化合物。
近年来,现有技术使用含氮、磷、硫配位的金属配合物作为催化剂,存在催化剂不易分离,无法实现催化剂的循环利用的问题。本发明首次使用异相催化剂催化该类无受体脱氢偶联反应,实现了这类无受体脱氢偶联反应的高效转化,这种方法的反应条件非常温和,原子利用率高。
与现有技术相比,采用上述技术方案的本发明具有下列优点:
(1)本发明首次披露了一种作为催化剂的碳负载的钌纳米材料,其能够催化芳香胺和芳香甲醇的氢转移反应制备N-烷基芳香胺;
(2)本发明中记载的碳负载的钌纳米材料具有分布均匀、平均粒径分布为2.2 nm、钌纳米粒子的化合价为0价、氮元素呈现出吡啶类型、吡咯类型和石墨类型三种形态等特点;
(3)本发明中记载的芳香胺和芳香甲醇向N-烷基芳香胺的转化具有转化效率高、适用范围广、反应条件温和等特点;
(4)转化反应结束后,从反应体系中离心分离出碳负载的钌纳米材料,经简单乙醚洗、水洗、干燥即可加入到盛有芳香胺与芳香甲醇化合物、碱和甲苯溶剂的反应容器中,用于进行下一轮反应,该碳负载的钌纳米材料能够至少循环5次,循环5次后仍能保持稳定,并且其催化活性也未出现明显降低;以苯甲醇和苯胺的反应为例,循环5次的产率依次为95%、94%、94%、95%和90%。
附图说明
图1为本发明的碳负载的钌纳米材料的透射电镜(a)、高分辨透射电镜图(b);
图2为本发明的碳负载的钌纳米材料的大角度环形暗场扫描透射电镜图,c、d表示放大不同;
图3为本发明的碳负载的钌纳米材料的元素分布图;
图4为本发明的碳负载的钌纳米材料的光电子能谱图;
图5为本发明的碳负载的钌纳米材料的光电子能谱图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做出进一步的描述。除非另有说明,下列实施例中所使用的试剂、材料、仪器等均可通过商业手段获得。
实施例1:碳负载的钌纳米材料的制备
将Ru(phen)2Cl2(0.0520 g)、无水乙醇(40 ml)加入到含有磁力搅拌子的100 ml圆底烧瓶中,室温下搅拌30分钟,而后向其中加入碳材料(VULCAN XC72R, 1.0000 g),60℃下反应12小时;反应结束后,真空减压蒸馏除去乙醇,固体置于60℃烘箱中干燥12小时。然后,将其放在磁舟中,置于管式炉中,先室温通氮气30分钟,然后以5℃每分钟的速度从室温升至800℃,保持2小时,而后自然降温至室温,即得相应的碳负载的钌纳米材料,其表征见附图1-5;热重分析表明钌的负载量为1.08% wt,钌纳米粒子以2.2 nm的平均粒径均匀分布在基底碳材料上,基底碳材料为氮掺杂的无定形碳,其中氮表现出三种形式,为吡啶类型的氮、吡咯类型的氮以及石墨类型的氮。
实施例2:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的苯甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-苄基苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.36 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (t, J= 7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.22 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 6.57 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.50 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 148.7, 140.3, 128.8, 128.2,127.2, 126.6, 115.7, 112.3, 46.4。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C13H14N [M + H]+ 理论值184.1126,测试值 184.1122。
通过离心的方式,从反应体系中分离出碳负载的钌纳米材料,经简单水洗、乙醚洗后60℃下干燥12小时,加入到盛有氢氧化钾的装有磁力搅拌子的带支口反应管中,用于进行下一轮转化反应;按照上述过程对催化剂进行循环利用,循环5次的产率依次为95%、94%、94%、95%和90%。
实施例3:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入苯胺(1 mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(4-甲基苄基)苯胺(产率92%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.23 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (d, J= 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.04–6.99 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, J = 1.0 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (t, J = 1.6Hz, 1H), 6.51–6.47 (m, 1H), 6.15 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,2H), 2.26 (s, 3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 148.7, 137.2, 135.5,128.8, 128.7, 127.1, 115.6, 112.3, 46.2, 20.6。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H16N [M + H]+ 理论值198.1283,测试值 198.1279。
实施例4:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲氧基苯甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入4-甲氧基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、苯胺(1 mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(4-甲氧基苄基)苯胺(产率95%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.27 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.55 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 6.49 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.12 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (s,3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 158.1, 148.7, 132.0, 128.7, 128.4,115.6, 113.7, 112.3, 55.0, 45.9。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H16NO [M + H]+ 理论值214.1232,测试值 214.1236。
实施例5:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的2-甲氧基苯甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入2-甲氧基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、苯胺(1 mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(2-甲氧基苄基)苯胺(产率92%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.23 (dd, J = 16.2, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.03(t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 6.99 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.55(d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.50 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.03 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.22(d, J = 5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.83 (s, 3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 156.9,148.8, 128.8, 127.7, 127.4, 120.1, 115.6, 112.1, 110.4, 55.3, 41.2。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H16NO [M + H]+ 理论值214.1232,测试值 214.1237。
实施例6:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的3-甲氧基苯甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入3-甲氧基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、苯胺(1 mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(3-甲氧基苄基)苯胺(产率94%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.24 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (t, J= 7.3 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (s, 2H), 6.80 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (d, J = 7.4 Hz,2H), 6.53 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 1H), 6.22 (s, 1H), 4.25 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H), 3.72(s, 3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 159.4, 148.7, 142.1, 129.3, 128.8,119.3, 115.8, 112.8, 112.3, 111.8, 54.9, 46.4。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H16NO [M + H]+ 理论值214.1232,测试值 214.1231。
实施例7:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的胡椒醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将胡椒醇(1.3 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到2-[1-(3,4-亚甲基二氧基)苯基]苯胺(产率94%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.03 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 6.91 (s,1H), 6.83 (s, 2H), 6.56 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 6.50 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 6.15(t, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 5.96 (s, 2H), 4.15 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 2H);13C NMR (101 MHz,DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 148.5, 147.3, 145.9, 134.2, 128.8, 120.2, 115.7, 112.3,108.0, 107.6, 100.7, 46.1。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H14NO2 [M + H]+ 理论值228.1025,测试值 228.1029。
实施例8:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-氯苯甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应。
将4-氯苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与130℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(4-氯苄基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.37 (s, 4H), 7.04 (t, J = 7.7 Hz,2H), 6.57 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.28 (t, J = 5.8 Hz,1H), 4.26 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 2H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 148.4, 139.4,131.1, 128.9, 128.8, 128.2, 115.9, 112.3, 45.7。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C13H13ClN [M + H]+ 理论值218.0737,测试值 218.0734。
实施例9:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的1-萘甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应。
将1-萘甲醇(1.3 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(1-萘基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 8.19 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d, J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J = 15.1, 8.7 Hz, 3H),7.48 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 6.69 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H),6.58 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 6.26 (t, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 2H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 148.8, 135.0, 133.4, 131.1, 128.8, 128.5,127.2, 126.0, 125.7, 125.4, 125.0, 123.6, 115.7, 112.1, 44.6。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C17H16N [M + H]+ 理论值234.1283,测试值 234.1279。
实施例10:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的2-萘甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将2-萘甲醇(1.3 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(2-萘基)苯胺(产率93%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.80 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 4H), 7.45 (t, J = 6.9Hz, 3H), 7.16 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 6.72 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (d, J = 7.8Hz, 2H), 4.45 (s, 2H), 4.18 (s, 1H);13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ 148.2, 137.1,133.7, 133.0, 129.5, 128.6, 127.9, 127.9, 126.3, 126.1, 125.9, 125.9, 117.9,113.2, 48.7.
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C17H16N [M + H]+ 理论值234.1283,测试值 234.1274。
实施例11:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的3-吡啶甲醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入3-吡啶甲醇(1.3 mmol)、苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(3-吡啶基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.43 (d, J = 4.0 Hz,1H), 7.74 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (dd, J = 7.6, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (t, J =7.7 Hz, 2H), 6.58 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 6.52 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.27 (t, J =5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 148.9,148.3, 147.9, 135.6, 135.0, 128.9, 123.4, 116.0, 112.4, 44.0。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C12H13N2 [M + H]+ 理论值185.1079,测试值 185.1076。
实施例12:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的糠醇与苯胺的氢转移反应
将碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器依次加入糠醇(1.3 mmol)、苯胺(1mmol)、甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(2-呋喃基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.07 (t, J = 7.7 Hz,2H), 6.65 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 6.55 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (s, 1H), 6.29(d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 6.06 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H);13CNMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 153.4, 148.3, 141.8, 128.8, 116.0, 112.3,110.3, 106.8, 39.9。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C11H12NO [M+H]+ 理论值174.0919,测试值 174.0922。
实施例13:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的二茂铁甲醇与4-甲基苯胺的氢转移反应
将二茂铁甲醇(1.3 mmol)、4-甲基苯胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(二茂铁基)苯胺(产率85%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 6.88 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 6.55 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 5.34 (t, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (s, 2H), 4.18 (s, 5H), 4.08 (s,2H), 3.92 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H), 2.14 (s, 3H);13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ146.5, 129.2, 123.9, 112.3, 86.6, 68.3, 68.3, 67.2, 42.5, 20.1。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C18H19FeN [M]+ 理论值305.0867,测试值 305.0868。
实施例14:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与4-甲基苯胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、4-甲基苯胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到4-甲基-N-(4-甲基苄基)苯胺(产率91%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.22 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.10 (d, J= 7.7 Hz, 2H), 6.83 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 5.93 (t, J= 5.7 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H);13C NMR(101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 146.4, 137.3, 135.4, 129.2, 128.7, 127.1, 123.9,112.4, 46.5, 20.6, 20.0。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C15H18N [M + H]+ 理论值212.1439,测试值 212.1435。
实施例15:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与4-甲氧基苯胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、4-甲氧基苯胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到4-甲氧基-N-(4-甲基苄基)苯胺(产率95%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.23 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.10 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 6.66 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.50 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 5.74 (t, J= 5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H);13C NMR(101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 150.6, 142.9, 137.4, 135.5, 128.8, 127.2, 114.5,113.3, 55.2, 47.0, 20.6。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C15H18NO [M + H]+ 理论值228.1388,测试值 228.1387。
实施例16:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与2,3-二甲基苯胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、2,3-二甲基苯胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到2,3-二甲基-N-(4-甲基苄基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.24 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.10 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 6.78 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.27 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 5.49 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.31 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.27 (s,3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.08 (s, 3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 146.1,137.5, 135.5, 135.3, 128.8, 126.8, 125.6, 119.9, 118.0, 108.1, 46.5, 20.6,20.4, 12.7。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C16H20N [M+H]+ 理论值226.1596,测试值 226.1597。
实施例17:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与4-氯苯胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、4-氯苯胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与130℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到4-氯-N-(4-甲基苄基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm) δ 7.21 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.14 (d, J =7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 6.51 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 4.22 (s,2H), 4.00 (s, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3, ppm) δ 146.9, 137.2,136.0, 129.5, 129.2, 127.6, 122.2, 114.1, 48.3, 21.3。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H15ClN [M + H]+ 理论值232.0893,测试值 232.0889。
实施例18:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与4-溴苯胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、4-溴苯胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与130℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到4-溴-N-(4-甲基苄基)苯胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 7.21 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 6.51 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.42 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H);13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , ppm) δ 147.9, 136.6, 135.7, 131.2, 128.8, 127.1, 114.2, 106.2, 46.1,20.6。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C14H15BrN [M + H]+ 理论值276.0388,测试值 276.0384。
实施例18:碳负载的钌纳米材料催化的4-甲基苯甲醇与1-萘胺的氢转移反应
将4-甲基苯甲醇(1.3 mmol)、1-萘胺(1 mmol)、碳负载的钌纳米材料(20 mg)、氢氧化钾(20 mg)加入到装有磁力搅拌子25 ml带支口反应管中,反复抽充氮气三次,通过注射器加入甲苯(3 ml)然后密闭与110℃加热条件下反应24 h;反应结束后,过滤除去催化剂,加入水和乙酸乙酯对滤液进行萃取,合并有机相,经干燥、过滤、减压浓缩、硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到N-(4-甲基苄基)萘胺(产率90%)。
所得产物的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, ppm) δ 7.65 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J =8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.25–7.19 (m, 1H), 7.16 (d, J = 7.8Hz, 3H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (d, J = 7.4Hz, 1H), 4.46 (s, 1H), 4.24 (s, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H);13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3,ppm) δ 143.3, 137.1, 136.1, 134.4, 129.5, 128.8, 127.9, 126.8, 125.8, 124.8,123.5, 120.1, 117.7, 104.9, 48.5, 21.3。
高分辨质谱数据如下:
C18H18N [M + H]+ 理论值248.1439,测试值 248.1434。
Claims (1)
1.碳负载的钌纳米材料在制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物中的应用;所述碳负载的钌纳米材料的制备方法包括如下步骤:将钌配合物与碳材料混合,于80℃反应12小时,得到前驱体;然后将前驱体在惰性气体中,于800℃下煅烧120分钟,得到碳负载的钌纳米材料;制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物时,以芳香胺和芳香甲醇为原料,在氢氧化钾存在下进行氢转移反应;所述芳香甲醇选自苯甲醇、烷基取代苯甲醇、烷氧基取代苯甲醇、萘基取代苯甲醇、二茂铁基甲醇中的任意一种;所述芳香胺选自苯胺、烷基取代苯胺、烷氧基取代苯胺中的任意一种;所述碳材料为VULCAN XC72R;所述碳负载的钌纳米材料基底为氮掺杂的碳材料,钌分布在基底碳材料上;所述钌的质量为碳质量的0.9~1.1%;制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物时,芳香胺、芳香甲醇、碳负载的钌纳米材料、氢氧化钾的用量分别为1 mmol、1.3 mmol、20 mg、20 mg;制备N-烷基芳香胺化合物时,反应的温度为110℃,反应的时间为24小时。
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