CN107938172B - 一种亲水性熔喷无纺布 - Google Patents

一种亲水性熔喷无纺布 Download PDF

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CN107938172B
CN107938172B CN201711416757.9A CN201711416757A CN107938172B CN 107938172 B CN107938172 B CN 107938172B CN 201711416757 A CN201711416757 A CN 201711416757A CN 107938172 B CN107938172 B CN 107938172B
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CN107938172A (zh
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姚启明
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Dongyang Aolong Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，由如下重量份原料制成：聚丙烯切片40‑60份、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片15‑20份、氯化联苯3‑5份、二硫化钼3‑5份、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇0.5‑1份；所述亲水性熔喷无纺布的加工工艺，包括如下步骤：(1)改性树脂切片制备；(2)树脂切片熔喷；(3)无纺布制备；(4)无纺布处理；(5)干燥处理。本发明以聚丙烯、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯为基体，通过加入氯化联苯和二硫化钼进行改性，可以提升熔喷加工中熔体流动性，制备出一种孔径较小、过滤精度较高的改性熔喷无纺布；同时，对熔喷得到的无纺布采用复配活性表面剂进行表面亲水性处理，调整亲水性处理的参数，能有效改变无纺布表面的润湿性能，提升无纺布的亲水性。

Description

一种亲水性熔喷无纺布
技术领域
本发明属于无纺布领域，具体地，涉及一种亲水性熔喷无纺布。
背景技术
熔喷法非织造布最早于1954年由美国海军研制，其通过气流喷射方法，可将纤维直径控制在5μm以下。由于纤维直径很小，柔软，从而被制得非织造布。随着技术的不断发展于完善，熔喷非织造材料在过滤、防水、吸附、阻菌、保暖、医疗卫生等方面应用增多。近年来，熔喷非织造新材料、新工艺和新产品不断涌现，应用领域不断拓展。
熔喷无纺布生产成本低，具有柔软和蓬松的特点，因此用作湿巾的基材可保证产品的柔软性，吸水率和保水率。原料方面，由于聚丙烯(PP)具有质地轻、弹性好、强力高、不起球、耐腐蚀、耐酸、耐碱、耐化学溶剂性、抗微生物性好、不毒不蛀、对皮肤无过敏、卫生性能好、阻燃性好、耐污性好、易洗涤清洁等一系列优点，是较佳的湿巾材料选择。加之丰富的原料及低廉的价格，当今绝大多数湿巾材料均选择PP原料，目前为止，有90％以上的熔喷非织造布以PP为原料。但是未经处理的PP熔喷非织造布亲水性较差,因为PP为大分子结构，且不含亲水性基团，结构致密,缺少微孔和缝隙。
发明内容
针对上述背景技术中现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，通过对熔喷法制备的无纺布进行亲水性处理，使制得的无纺布具备良好的亲水性。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，由如下重量份原料制成：聚丙烯切片40-60份、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片15-20份、氯化联苯3-5份、二硫化钼3-5份、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇0.5-1份；
所述亲水性熔喷无纺布由如下步骤制得：
(1)改性树脂切片制备：将聚丙烯切片、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片放入真空烘箱中干燥；将干燥后的聚丙烯切片、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片、氯化联苯、二硫化钼、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇在双螺杆挤出机中共混，熔体细流在水槽中冷凝，之后经风干机风干，切粒机切粒，得到改性树脂切片；
(2)树脂切片熔喷：将干燥后的改性树脂切片喂入螺杆挤出机中，经过加热管融后由管体分配管道到达喷头前端的喷丝口，并由喷丝口喷出；同时，管体会受到喷丝口两侧与溶体挤出方向成一定角度的高温、高压气流的喷吹，在这两股高速热气流的作用下熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，并通过与周围冷空气的热交换固化成丝；
(3)无纺布制备：固化后的纤维在气流的作用下沉积在接收装置上，通过自身的粘合作用形成无纺布；
(4)无纺布处理：将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠按照一定质量比置于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水搅拌溶解，得浸泡液；将浸泡液置于水浴锅内，加热至75-85℃，将步骤(3)制得的无纺布自然冷却后放入浸泡液，恒温浸泡65-75min；
(5)干燥处理：取出浸泡好的无纺布，沥干水分，经风干机风干后制得亲水性熔喷无纺布。
所述步骤(1)中真空烘箱中干燥温度设为105-110℃，干燥时间为25-40min。
所述步骤(2)中工艺参数：加热管融温度为220-240℃，高温、高压气流的温度为260-280℃、压力为0.15-0.2MPa，熔体接收距离为6.5-8cm，克重为45-55g/cm2。
所述步骤(4)中十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠的质量比为1：4-6:20-25:50-60。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明以聚丙烯、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯为基体，通过加入氯化联苯和二硫化钼进行改性，可以大幅提升熔喷加工中熔体流动性，制备出一种孔径较小、过滤精度较高的改性熔喷无纺布，制备得到的无纺布强度高、弹性好；同时，对熔喷得到的无纺布采用复配活性表面剂进行表面亲水性处理，调整亲水性处理的参数，使得表面活性剂能够吸附于无纺布的表面，能有效改变无纺布表面的润湿性能，降低水的表面张力，提升无纺布的亲水性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，由如下重量份原料制成：聚丙烯切片40-60份、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片15-20份、氯化联苯3-5份、二硫化钼3-5份、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇0.5-1份；
纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇为基于金团簇的一种纳米尺寸材料，微量加入能够增强无纺布的强度；
该亲水性熔喷无纺布的加工工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)改性树脂切片制备：将聚丙烯切片、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片在105-110℃真空烘箱中干燥25-40min，保证切片含水率在100ppm以下；将干燥后的聚丙烯切片、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片、氯化联苯、二硫化钼、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇在双螺杆挤出机中共混，熔体细流在水槽中冷凝，之后经风干机风干，切粒机切粒，得到改性树脂切片；
(2)树脂切片熔喷：将干燥后的改性树脂切片喂入螺杆挤出机中，经过加热管融后由管体分配管道到达喷头前端的喷丝口，并由喷丝口喷出；同时，管体会受到喷丝口两侧与溶体挤出方向成一定角度的高温、高压气流的喷吹，在这两股高速热气流的作用下熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，并通过与周围冷空气的热交换固化成丝；
其中，工艺参数：加热管融温度为220-240℃，高温、高压气流的温度为260-280℃、压力为0.15-0.2MPa，熔体接收距离为6.5-8cm，克重为45-55g/cm2；
(3)无纺布制备：固化后的纤维在气流的作用下沉积在接收装置上，通过自身的粘合作用形成无纺布；
(4)无纺布处理：将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠按照质量比为1：4-6:20-25:50-60置于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水搅拌溶解，得浸泡液；将浸泡液置于水浴锅内，加热至75-85℃，将步骤(3)制得的无纺布自然冷却后放入浸泡液，恒温浸泡65-75min；
(5)干燥处理：取出浸泡好的无纺布，沥干水分，经风干机风干后制得亲水性熔喷无纺布。
实施例1
一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，其加工工艺包括如下步骤：
(1)改性树脂切片制备：将40份聚丙烯切片、15份聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片在105℃真空烘箱中干燥，保证切片含水率在100ppm以下；将干燥后的40份聚丙烯切片、15份聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片、3份氯化联苯、3份二硫化钼、0.5份纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇在双螺杆挤出机中共混，熔体细流在水槽中冷凝，之后经风干机风干，切粒机切粒，得到改性树脂切片；
(2)树脂切片熔喷：将干燥后的改性树脂切片喂入螺杆挤出机中，经过加热管融后由管体分配管道到达喷头前端的喷丝口，并由喷丝口喷出；同时，管体会受到喷丝口两侧与溶体挤出方向成一定角度的高温、高压气流的喷吹，在这两股高速热气流的作用下熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，并通过与周围冷空气的热交换固化成丝；
其中，工艺参数：加热管融温度为220℃，高温、高压气流的温度为260℃、压力为0.15MPa，熔体接收距离为6.5cm，克重为45g/cm2；
(3)无纺布制备：固化后的纤维在气流的作用下沉积在接收装置上，通过自身的粘合作用形成无纺布；
(4)无纺布处理：将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠按照质量比为1：4:20:50置于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水搅拌溶解，得浸泡液；将浸泡液置于水浴锅内，加热至75℃，将步骤(3)制得的无纺布自然冷却后放入浸泡液，恒温浸泡65min；
(5)干燥处理：取出浸泡好的无纺布，沥干水分，经风干机风干后制得亲水性熔喷无纺布。
实施例2
一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，其加工工艺包括如下步骤：
(1)改性树脂切片制备：将50份聚丙烯切片、18份聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片在108℃真空烘箱中干燥，保证切片含水率在100ppm以下；将干燥后的50份聚丙烯切片、18份聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片、4份氯化联苯、4份二硫化钼、0.8份纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇在双螺杆挤出机中共混，熔体细流在水槽中冷凝，之后经风干机风干，切粒机切粒，得到改性树脂切片；
(2)树脂切片熔喷：将干燥后的改性树脂切片喂入螺杆挤出机中，经过加热管融后由管体分配管道到达喷头前端的喷丝口，并由喷丝口喷出；同时，管体会受到喷丝口两侧与溶体挤出方向成一定角度的高温、高压气流的喷吹，在这两股高速热气流的作用下熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，并通过与周围冷空气的热交换固化成丝；
其中，工艺参数：加热管融温度为230℃，高温、高压气流的温度为270℃、压力为0.18MPa，熔体接收距离为7cm，克重为50g/cm2；
(3)无纺布制备：固化后的纤维在气流的作用下沉积在接收装置上，通过自身的粘合作用形成无纺布；
(4)无纺布处理：将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠按照质量比为1：5:23:55置于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水搅拌溶解，得浸泡液；将浸泡液置于水浴锅内，加热至80℃，将步骤(3)制得的无纺布自然冷却后放入浸泡液，恒温浸泡70min；
(5)干燥处理：取出浸泡好的无纺布，沥干水分，经风干机风干后制得亲水性熔喷无纺布。
实施例3
该亲水性熔喷无纺布的加工工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)改性树脂切片制备：将60份聚丙烯切片、20份聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片在110℃真空烘箱中干燥，保证切片含水率在100ppm以下；将干燥后的60份聚丙烯切片、40份聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片、5份氯化联苯、5份二硫化钼、1份纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇在双螺杆挤出机中共混，熔体细流在水槽中冷凝，之后经风干机风干，切粒机切粒，得到改性树脂切片；
(2)树脂切片熔喷：将干燥后的改性树脂切片喂入螺杆挤出机中，经过加热管融后由管体分配管道到达喷头前端的喷丝口，并由喷丝口喷出；同时，管体会受到喷丝口两侧与溶体挤出方向成一定角度的高温、高压气流的喷吹，在这两股高速热气流的作用下熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，并通过与周围冷空气的热交换固化成丝；
其中，工艺参数：加热管融温度为240℃，高温、高压气流的温度为280℃、压力为0.2MPa，熔体接收距离为8cm，克重为55g/cm2；
(3)无纺布制备：固化后的纤维在气流的作用下沉积在接收装置上，通过自身的粘合作用形成无纺布；
(4)无纺布处理：将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠按照质量比为1：6:25:60置于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水搅拌溶解，得浸泡液；将浸泡液置于水浴锅内，加热至85℃，将步骤(3)制得的无纺布自然冷却后放入浸泡液，恒温浸泡75min；
(5)干燥处理：取出浸泡好的无纺布，沥干水分，经风干机风干后制得亲水性熔喷无纺布。
实施例1-3聚酯切片熔喷后的纤维平均直径为4-6um。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (1)

1.一种亲水性熔喷无纺布，其特征在于，由如下重量份原料制成：聚丙烯切片40-60份、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片15-20份、氯化联苯3-5份、二硫化钼3-5份、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇0.5-1份；
所述亲水性熔喷无纺布由如下步骤制得：
(1)改性树脂切片制备：将聚丙烯切片、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片放入真空烘箱中干燥；将干燥后的聚丙烯切片、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯切片、氯化联苯、二硫化钼、纳米Au36(SCH2CH3)24团簇在双螺杆挤出机中共混，熔体细流在水槽中冷凝，之后经风干机风干，切粒机切粒，得到改性树脂切片；
真空烘箱中干燥温度设为105-110℃，干燥时间为25-40min；
(2)树脂切片熔喷：将干燥后的改性树脂切片喂入螺杆挤出机中，经过加热管融后由管体分配管道到达喷头前端的喷丝口，并由喷丝口喷出；同时，管体会受到喷丝口两侧与溶体挤出方向成一定角度的高温、高压气流的喷吹，在这两股高速热气流的作用下熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，并通过与周围冷空气的热交换固化成丝；
加热管融温度为220-240℃，高温、高压气流的温度为260-280℃、压力为0.15-0.2MPa，熔体接收距离为6.5-8cm，克重为45-55g/cm2；
(3)无纺布制备：固化后的纤维在气流的作用下沉积在接收装置上，通过自身的粘合作用形成无纺布；
(4)无纺布处理：将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠按照一定质量比置于烧杯中，加入蒸馏水搅拌溶解，得浸泡液；将浸泡液置于水浴锅内，加热至75-85℃，将步骤(3)制得的无纺布自然冷却后放入浸泡液，恒温浸泡65-75min；
十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-80和磷酸钠的质量比为1：4-6:20-25:50-60；
(5)干燥处理：取出浸泡好的无纺布，沥干水分，经风干机风干后制得亲水性熔喷无纺布。
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