CN107926693B - Planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and filling matrix thereof - Google Patents
Planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and filling matrix thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926693B CN107926693B CN201711292550.5A CN201711292550A CN107926693B CN 107926693 B CN107926693 B CN 107926693B CN 201711292550 A CN201711292550 A CN 201711292550A CN 107926693 B CN107926693 B CN 107926693B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- planting
- soilless culture
- polyurethane
- shaped groove
- sponge
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and a filling matrix thereof, relates to the field of soilless culture three-dimensional planting, and particularly relates to a planting tube and a planting matrix in soilless culture three-dimensional planting. By adopting the planting pipe and the matrix thereof, the problems of high pipe coupling, difficult daily operation, limited utilization of height space, high facility construction cost, long period and the like in the existing soilless culture three-dimensional planting scheme are solved. The invention adopts the U-shaped groove and the cover plate to form the planting tube, and uses polyurethane reticular sponge and hydrophilic cloth as planting matrixes. The weight of the planting pipe is greatly reduced, daily operations such as fixed value harvesting are simplified, the construction cost of facilities is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soilless culture three-dimensional planting, in particular to a planting tube and a planting matrix for soilless culture three-dimensional planting.
Background
Soil is not used for soilless culture, so that the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is greatly reduced, and the problem of continuous cropping obstacle in traditional agriculture is solved. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional planting can improve the land utilization rate to the greatest extent, so that the output per unit area is multiplied, and the method can be a great direction for agricultural development in the future.
Traditional soilless culture three-dimensional planting is realized by adopting a multi-layer frame structure, namely planting pipes are transversely placed, and the planting pipes are stacked longitudinally by utilizing a supporting frame, so that the effect of three-dimensional planting is realized. There are both groove-type substrate culture and tube-type hydroponic culture. The mode of the layer frame structure has the advantages of relatively complex structure of the support frame, high construction cost, long period, mutual connection and mutual communication of water supply and return water of the upper layer and the lower layer, high system coupling and strict installation requirement.
In addition, a vertical pipe planting mode is adopted in a small part, namely planting pipes are longitudinally placed, and a plurality of planting pipes are arranged in a linear and tidy mode or distributed in a star chess cloth mode. The mode needs to uniformly open holes from bottom to top on the periphery of the planting pipe or on one side of the pipe wall, and plants are planted in the planting holes with the holes. The planting tube is filled with traditional granular matrixes such as ceramsite, perlite and vermiculite by adopting a matrix cultivation technology, plants are directly fixed in the planting holes or fixed in the planting holes through a planting basket, and nutrient solution is supplied by drip irrigation at the top of the planting tube. After the matrix is saturated with water, the whole weight of the planting tube is heavy, and the granular matrix is easy to scatter and fall off from the bottom of the pipeline, so that the whole movement and the transportation are inconvenient. During field planting, the operable space is only the aperture range of the field planting hole, and the operation efficiency is low. The water planting technology is adopted, the planting pipe is not filled with matrix, most of plants are fixed in the planting holes through the planting basket, nutrient solution is supplied by a spraying device at the top of the planting pipe, and the nutrient solution drops directly impact the root tissues of the plants due to no buffering of the matrix, so that certain damage can be caused, and the growth of the plants is affected. The support frame structure of this kind of standpipe planting mode is simple relatively, but also very easily appears planting intraductal liquid manure uneven condition. And the situation of uneven water and fertilizer distribution becomes more obvious with the increase of the height of the planting tube.
Meanwhile, after the facilities are built, the planting pipes cannot be easily assembled and disassembled in the two modes. The operations of setting value, harvesting, cleaning, sterilizing and the like must be completed on the planting site. Therefore, the height of the whole three-dimensional planting structure is limited, the height can be controlled to be below two meters, and the whole height space is not utilized enough. In addition, for the method of pipeline open-pore planting, later stage, such as when planting plant spacing needs to be adjusted due to changing planting variety, or new planting hole sites are added or the planting pipe is replaced entirely.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and a filling matrix thereof. The planting tube and the matrix are light in overall weight, the matrix cannot scatter, the movement and the transportation are convenient, the ascending operation can be avoided, and the working efficiency in field planting and harvesting can be improved; the planting interval can be flexibly adjusted according to different planting varieties without replacing planting pipes; only a small flow of drip irrigation liquid supply is needed, and the condition of uneven water and fertilizer distribution can not occur.
The invention provides a planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and a filling matrix thereof, which are divided into two parts of the planting tube and the planting matrix.
Specifically, the planting tube includes a U-shaped groove and a cover plate. The cover plates are installed in the planting gap area on the U-shaped groove in a splicing mode. The beneficial effects are as follows: the planting pipe has the convenience and the flexibility of a groove type and the sealing performance and the stability of a pipe type.
Further, the U-shaped groove and the cover plate are respectively provided with a concave structure for fixing at the installation overlapping position. The beneficial effects are as follows: the cover plate is stably arranged on the U-shaped groove, and deformation of the opening of the U-shaped groove caused by filling of the matrix is prevented.
Specifically, the planting matrix comprises two parts of polyurethane reticular sponge and hydrophilic cloth. The beneficial effects are as follows: polyurethane netted sponge and hydrophilic cloth are the monolith, are different from traditional granule bulk cargo, and whole steadiness is good, light in weight, the portable transport of being convenient for. The polyurethane reticular sponge has excellent air permeability, good flexibility and higher mechanical strength, plays a role in compacting and fixing plant root systems, and the porous structure on the polyurethane reticular sponge not only can enhance the air permeability effect of the plant root environment, but also is beneficial to the plant root systems to penetrate through the porous structure, so that the stability of plant growth is improved. The hydrophilic cloth mainly plays a role in guiding and storing nutrient solution. The nutrient solution slowly permeates and flows from top to bottom on the hydrophilic cloth, so that impact injury of nutrient liquid drops to plant root systems is avoided, and the aim of uniformly distributing the nutrient solution can be fulfilled under the condition of small flow.
Further, the polyurethane reticular sponge and the hydrophilic cloth are processed into long strips, and are sequentially and alternately filled in the U-shaped groove from one side of the U-shaped groove in a mode of being parallel to the length direction of the U-shaped groove. The beneficial effects are as follows: the mutual spacing of the breathable water-retaining materials ensures the stable supply of nutrient solution and creates a good high-humidity aerobic environment for the root zone of plants. The elongated monolith is also more convenient to pick up, place and install relative to the particulate bulk material.
Further, the hydrophilic cloth extends out of the top end of the U-shaped groove for a certain distance, and is folded to cover the whole inner section of the pipe to form a water receiving surface. The beneficial effects are as follows: when the planting tube is positioned in the later stage, the nutrient solution can be ensured to fall on the water receiving surface of the hydrophilic cloth as long as the nutrient solution is ensured to drop into the planting tube, so that the nutrient solution can smoothly permeate and flow from top to bottom. The operation simplicity is improved, and the precision requirement of facility construction is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a U-shaped groove and a cover plate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of U-shaped tank matrix loading.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the top surface of the planting substrate.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of plant seedling establishment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of different planting distances.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the planting site of the present example.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the drawings of the present invention are in simplified form and are not precisely scaled for purposes of convenience and clarity in illustration only.
The planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and the filling matrix thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a planting tube and a planting matrix.
Wherein, the planting tube comprises a U-shaped groove 1 and a cover plate 2, and the filling matrix comprises polyurethane reticular sponge 3 and hydrophilic cloth 4.
The polyurethane reticular sponge 3 and the hydrophilic cloth 4 are sequentially and alternately filled in the U-shaped groove from one side of the U-shaped groove in a mode of being parallel to the length direction of the U-shaped groove. Generally, a two-in-one mode is adopted, as shown in fig. 3, that is, a mode that two layers of polyurethane reticular sponges are used for clamping one layer of hydrophilic cloth, and a mode that three clamps are used or four clamps are used according to planting needs is adopted, so that the planting effect of double-row or three-row field planting on one planting tube can be achieved. It is noted that in filling the matrix, it is necessary to extend the hydrophilic cloth a distance from the top of the tube and fold over the entire tube inner cross section to form a water receiving surface 41. The extension sections are combined and folded firstly. The water-receiving surface 41 ensures that no matter where the nutrient solution is dropped in the planting tube, the nutrient solution can permeate and flow downwards along the hydrophilic cloth by the capillary guiding action of the hydrophilic cloth 4 only on the water-receiving surface. When the polyurethane net sponge is not long enough, a section can be connected in sequence after the polyurethane net sponge. When the length of the hydrophilic cloth is insufficient, a section can be connected in sequence, but the joint is required to be overlapped by at least about 3cm, so that the nutrient solution can flow smoothly.
After the substrate is filled, the field planting operation can be performed. During field planting, according to the requirement of a fixed plant spacing, the contact surface of any polyurethane reticular sponge 3 and hydrophilic cloth 4 is spread by one hand or by a tool at the field planting position, the root of the field planting seedling 5 is placed into the spread space, and then the polyurethane reticular sponge 3 and the hydrophilic cloth 4 naturally clamp the root of the seedling 5. When the seedling 5 is put in, the seedling is properly inclined towards the top end of the planting tube, which is more beneficial to the growth of the seedling. Seedling 5 is a sponge or carbon cotton seedling which can be directly planted, and can be planted with a small amount of soil or matrix reserved for soil or common matrix seedlings. As shown in fig. 4, the implantation is completed.
After the field planting is completed, the cover plate 2 is installed on the U-shaped groove 1 to cover the planting gap area on the U-shaped groove 1. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, two different planting distance requirements are shown.
Finally, the planting tube is placed in a liquid return groove 6 and leans against a supporting transverse plate 7. The drip irrigation nutrient solution is supplied by a liquid supply pipe positioned at the top of the planting pipe. The whole weight of the planting tube is supported by the planting tube, and the requirement of the back supporting transverse plate 7 on stress is not high, so that the bearing requirement of the whole support frame is greatly reduced. Compared with water culture, the top drip irrigation water supply greatly reduces the water supply flow and further reduces the construction requirement and the operation energy consumption of the water supply and drainage pipeline.
When in harvesting, the planting pipe can be directly taken down and placed on a workbench for harvesting operation. The subsequent substrate replacement, pipeline cleaning, disinfection and renaturing operations can also be completed. Compared with the traditional mode that the operation needs to be carried out beside the planting facilities, the operation efficiency is high, and the equipment and automation application is convenient.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various modifications, equivalent arrangements or improvements within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The soilless culture planting tube comprises a U-shaped groove and cover plates, and is characterized in that a plurality of cover plates are installed in a planting gap area on the U-shaped groove in a splicing mode according to the requirement of planting plant spacing, the cover plates are buckled at the opening of the U-shaped groove, plants are planted in the U-shaped groove and extend out from a gap between the two cover plates, and concave structures for fixing are designed at the installation overlapping positions of the U-shaped groove and the cover plates; the planting pipe is placed in a liquid return tank and leans against the supporting transverse plate, and a liquid supply pipe is arranged at the top of the planting pipe;
further comprises: the utility model provides a soilless culture planting matrix, the matrix includes polyurethane netted sponge and hydrophilic cloth two parts, polyurethane netted sponge and hydrophilic cloth processing are long banding to with be on a parallel with the mode of U type groove length direction, follow one side in U type groove is filled in turn in the U type inslot alternately, adopts the mode that three-layer polyurethane netted sponge pressed from both sides two-layer hydrophilic cloth polyurethane netted sponge the root of seedling is put into to the contact surface of polyurethane netted sponge and hydrophilic cloth, hydrophilic cloth extends a distance in U type groove top position to fold and cover whole intraductal cross section, form a water receiving face, the extension section of two hydrophilic cloths merges earlier and refoldes.
2. The soilless culture planting tube according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane mesh sponge and the hydrophilic cloth can be spliced and connected, and the joint of the two sections of polyurethane mesh sponge or hydrophilic cloth is overlapped by at least 3 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711292550.5A CN107926693B (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and filling matrix thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711292550.5A CN107926693B (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and filling matrix thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107926693A CN107926693A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN107926693B true CN107926693B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711292550.5A Active CN107926693B (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2017-12-08 | Planting tube for soilless culture three-dimensional planting and filling matrix thereof |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108668879B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2024-01-12 | 芭芭拉（厦门）农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation stand and vertical water planting equipment |
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| CN202958375U (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-06-05 | 大洋塑胶工业股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly medium planting groove structure |
| CN202979844U (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江大学 | Domestic vertical type soilless culture device |
| CN103798076A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-05-21 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Vertical greening planting container and vertical greening system |
| CN104012380A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-09-03 | 金寨县冠友盆景园艺有限公司 | Soilless cultivation method for sweet olive plants |
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| CN104885894A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Tank-absorption-type water supply system and movable landscape wall based thereon |
| CN105638423A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-06-08 | 冯志华 | Vertical planting machine tower |
| CN107318305A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-07 | 安康学院 | A kind of konjaku true seed fast breeding method |
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2017
- 2017-12-08 CN CN201711292550.5A patent/CN107926693B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2598343Y (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-01-14 | 郭�东 | Soilless planting device |
| CN102217505A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-10-19 | 四川融熠科技有限公司 | Plant self-irrigating cultivation column |
| CN202979844U (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江大学 | Domestic vertical type soilless culture device |
| CN202958375U (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-06-05 | 大洋塑胶工业股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly medium planting groove structure |
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| CN104012380A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-09-03 | 金寨县冠友盆景园艺有限公司 | Soilless cultivation method for sweet olive plants |
| CN104686315A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-06-10 | 吾邦土智慧生活股份有限公司 | Planting combined bed board structure with movable spacing |
| CN104885894A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Tank-absorption-type water supply system and movable landscape wall based thereon |
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| CN107318305A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-07 | 安康学院 | A kind of konjaku true seed fast breeding method |
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| CN107926693A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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