CN104396719A - High and low rack combined cultivation device - Google Patents
High and low rack combined cultivation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104396719A CN104396719A CN201410802349.7A CN201410802349A CN104396719A CN 104396719 A CN104396719 A CN 104396719A CN 201410802349 A CN201410802349 A CN 201410802349A CN 104396719 A CN104396719 A CN 104396719A
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- Prior art keywords
- combined type
- culturing device
- cultivating
- elevating rack
- cultivating stand
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high and low rack combined cultivation device. The device comprises a nutrient solution tank for storing a nutrient solution, a solution feed pump arranged at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank, a solution feed pipeline for guiding the nutrient solution pumped by the solution feed pump, cultivation racks for supporting cultivated crops, a solution return pipeline for guiding the nutrient solution to reflow from the cultivation racks and a returned solution tank for storing a reflowed nutrient solution. The cultivation racks of the high and low rack combined cultivation device comprise at least two cultivation racks which are different in height and are orderly arranged according to the height along a direction vertical to a longitudinal direction of each single cultivation rack. According to the high and low rack combined cultivation device disclosed by the invention, the crops are planted in the high cultivation rack and the low cultivation rack which are arranged alternatively, the efficient cultivation of the crops is realized, the space utilization of a greenhouse is improved, and the number and the yield of unit area crops are improved to a certain extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to facilities horticulture soilless culture field, particularly a kind of combined type matrix culture device for raise crop.
Background technology
Below background of related of the present invention is described, but these explanations might not form prior art of the present invention.
Along with the development of modern installations horticulture industry, China's hothouse production scale constantly increases, and hothouse production by region and the restriction in season, has not greatly enriched the living standard of the people.Present stage, utilize the use scale of greenhouse culture crop to increase gradually, but be mainly still soil cultivation.Soil in protected field cultivation is individual layer cultivation, thus causes the space availability ratio in greenhouse lower, and then affects cultivation quantity and the output of crop.Meanwhile, there is comparatively serious soil-borne disease insect pest and soil continuous cropping obstacle in soil cultivation process.Greenhouse soil planting strawberry class crop mainly adopts Root growth mode, makes troubles to the seedling management of crop and later stage fruit harvesting.Therefore, need a kind of crop genetics device badly and solve the problems referred to above existed in facility cultivation process, increase yield, improve high-quality fruits and vegetables ratio, realize recycling of nutrient solution, reduce the labour intensity of the producer simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve facility space availability when plant soil in protected field is cultivated low, there is serious soil-borne disease insect pest and soil continuous cropping obstacle, the problems such as labourer's bookkeeping intensity is large simultaneously.Based on above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes that a kind of structure is simple, cost is low, can realize the elevating rack combined type matrix culture device closed that nutrient solution recycles.This device can improve the space availability ratio in greenhouse to a certain extent, increases the cultivation strain number of unit are crop, improves the quality of fruit simultaneously, improve high quality fruit ratio, improve the availability of nutrient solution, reduce costs input, convenient management and harvesting, be suitable for using in crop facility cultivation simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of elevating rack combined type culturing device, this elevating rack combined type culturing device comprising nutrition liquid pool for storing nutrient solution, being arranged on the solution feed pump of the bottom of nutrition liquid pool, for guiding by the liquid feeding pipeline of the nutrient solution of solution feed pump pumping, for providing the cultivating stand of supporting to raise crop, for guiding nutrient solution from the liquid back pipe road that cultivating stand refluxes and the liquid return tank for the nutrient solution that stores backflow.Cultivating stand according to elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention comprises at least two cultivating stands, and at least two cultivating stands have height different from each other and are arranged in order according to the size of height along the direction vertical with the longitudinal direction of single cultivating stand.
According to elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention, by with the long-term cropping that is alternately arranged of high-rise cultivating stand and low layer cultivating stand, the Efficient Cultivation of crop can be realized, improve the space availability ratio in greenhouse, improve plant number and the output of unit are crop to a certain extent.Can ensure mutually not block between each cultivating stand by high-rise cultivating stand and being alternately arranged of low layer cultivating stand, ensure that crop photosynthesis in process of growth is unaffected.Simultaneously according in elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention for the suspension of fruit can be realized during the crops such as planting strawberry, thus avoid the contact of itself and irrigation water, decrease the generation of the damage by disease and insect caused because of high humidity to a great extent.
According to a preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention, at least two cultivating stands of elevating rack combined type culturing device comprise the first cultivating stand and the second cultivating stand, and the height of the first cultivating stand is greater than the height of the second cultivating stand.
In another preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention, the first cultivating stand has the height can planting three layers of crop, and the second cultivating stand has the height can planting two-layer crop.
According to another preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention, cultivating stand is provided with cultivating groove.
In an also preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention, cultivating groove is formed by transparent thickening plastic film, plastic foil, fly net and the non-woven fabrics be arranged together with stacking gradually.
According to another preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention, liquid back pipe road is filtered and the nutrient solution collected by plastic foil by non-woven fabrics for carrying.
In another preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention, elevating rack combined type culturing device also comprises the control system of the normal operation for controlling elevating rack combined type culturing device.
According to another preferred embodiment of elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention, elevating rack combined type culturing device is used for planting strawberry.
Elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention can avoid the generation of the insect pest of crop soil-borne disease and soil continuous cropping obstacle effectively, achieves the recycling of nutrient solution, which thereby enhances the availability of nutrient solution.In addition, elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention can make the cultivation management of crop and the harvesting judicial convenience of fruit, thus reduces labour intensity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the embodiment part provided referring to accompanying drawing, more easily the features and advantages of the present invention can be understood, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view according to elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the end view according to elevating rack combined type culturing device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, nutrition liquid pool; 2, feed flow water pump; 3, control system; 4, liquid feeding pipeline; 5, the first cultivating stand; 6, the second cultivating stand 7, transparent thickening plastic film; 8, plastic foil; 9, valve; 10, irrigate band; 11, strawberry; 12, low light tolerance strawberry cultivars or leaf vegetables or edible fungi 13, fly net; 14, non-woven fabrics; 15, nutrient solution diffusate; 16, soilless culture substrate; 17, liquid back pipe road; 18, liquid return tank; 19, reflective membrane.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings illustrative embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.Be only for demonstration object to the description of illustrative embodiments, and be never the restriction to the present invention and application or usage.
For the defect existed in the prior art pointed out in background technology, the invention provides that a kind of what overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency is such as the elevating rack combined type culturing device of crop of strawberry for planting, it comprising nutrition liquid pool 1 for storing nutrient solution, being arranged on the solution feed pump 2 of the bottom of nutrition liquid pool 1, for guiding by the liquid feeding pipeline 4 of the nutrient solution of solution feed pump 2 pumping, for providing the cultivating stand of supporting to the strain of crop seedling, for guiding nutrient solution from the liquid back pipe road 17 that cultivating stand refluxes and the liquid return tank 18 for the nutrient solution that stores backflow.Cultivating stand according to the elevating rack combined type culturing device for planting the crops such as strawberry of the present invention comprises at least two cultivating stands, and described at least two cultivating stands have height different from each other and are arranged in order according to the size of height along the direction vertical with the length direction of single described cultivating stand.It should be noted that at this, cultivating stand can two or more be one group, can arrange some groups of cultivating stands according to the size in greenhouse.The height of each cultivating stand in each group cultivating stand is different from each other, but, it is arranged in order according to order from low to high, highly minimum cultivating stand is arranged on southern side, highly the highest cultivating stand is arranged on north side, thus make highly low cultivating stand block the light of the cultivating stand of its adjacent north side as little as possible, make whole cultivating stand can receive sunshine as much as possible thus.
In an embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the cultivating stand for the elevating rack combined type culturing device of planting the crops such as strawberry comprises the first cultivating stand 5 and the second cultivating stand 6, and wherein, the height of the first cultivating stand 5 is greater than the height of the second cultivating stand 6.In this accompanying drawing 1, the first cultivating stand 5 has the height can planting three layers of crop, and the second cultivating stand 6 has the height can cultivating two-layer crop.First cultivating stand 5 and the second cultivating stand 6 can be formed by steel-tube construction skeleton, and such as it can adopt diameter to be that the coating steel pipe of 16mm-20mm is welded.
Each crop genetics layer is provided with cultivating groove, and cultivating groove is made up of transparent thickening plastic film 7, plastic foil 8, fly net 13 and non-woven fabrics 14.Non-woven fabrics 14 and fly net 13 form arc cultivating groove for load-bearing soilless culture substrate 16 with filter excessive nutrient solution, plastic foil 8 and transparent thickening plastic film 7 and retain certain gap between non-woven fabrics 14 and fly net 13 to collect the nutrient solution after being filtered by non-woven fabrics 14.Reflective membrane 19 is laid on the surface of the soilless culture substrate 16 in cultivating groove, for the sunlight of irradiation is reflexed to cultivated crop plant, thus is beneficial to making full use of of sunlight.
According to of the present invention for planting in the use procedure of elevating rack combined type culturing device of the crops such as strawberry, nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool 1 is transported to liquid feeding pipeline 4 by solution feed pump 2 with certain flow and pressure, nutrient input is delivered to the feed flow arm near the first cultivating stand 5 and the second cultivating stand 6 by liquid feeding pipeline 4, near the root system of crop seedling strain being then transported to each cultivation layer by the irrigate band 10 of each cultivation layer.Valve 9 may be used for the amount controlling the nutrient solution leading to irrigate band 10.By irrigate band 10 drip irrigation to the part of the nutrient solution in cultivating groove absorb by the growth of crop seedling strain, then being leached by fly net 13 and non-woven fabrics 14 of unnecessary nutrient solution, the nutrient solution leached is collected in return line 17 by transparent thickening plastic film 7 and plastic foil 8, then turns back in nutrient solution liquid return tank 18.Further, the normal operation of whole elevating rack combined type culturing device is controlled by control system 3.
In an embodiment according to the present invention, liquid feeding pipeline 4 and liquid back pipe road 17 can adopt diameter to be that the pvc pipe of 25mm-32mm is made.First cultivating stand 5 and the second cultivating stand 6 can adopt diameter to be that the coating steel pipe of 16mm-20mm is welded, the length L1 of each unit of cultivating stand can be 1m-1.5m, the degree of depth L2 of cultivating groove can be 20cm-25cm, the height L4 of the second cultivating stand 6 can be 80cm-100cm, the height L7 of the first cultivating stand 5 can be 150cm-165cm, the horizontal depth of beam L3 of intermediate support between the two-layer cultivating groove of the second cultivating stand can be 1/3rd of height L4, the width L6 of the second cultivating stand is 35cm-45cm, centre-to-centre spacing L5 between first cultivating stand 5 and the second cultivating stand 6 is 80cm-100cm.Certainly, these parameters and material are only exemplary, can adopt other materials and other parameter accordingly according to the various building blocks of the elevating rack combined type culturing device for planting the crops such as strawberry of the present invention.
Utilize the elevating rack combined type culturing device for planting the crops such as strawberry according to the present invention in Beijing fruit Specialty Co-operative Organization greenhouse by solar heat, carried out the test of substrate culture strawberry.As shown in Figure 1, the length L1 of each unit of the cultivating stand of elevating rack combined type culturing device is 1.5m to the structure of the culturing device adopted, and liquid feeding pipeline 4 and liquid back pipe road 17 adopt diameter to be the water delivery pvc pipe for building of 25mm, buried depth 30cm.The interior of elevating rack combined type culturing device as shown in Figure 2, wherein, the steel structure framework of culturing device adopts diameter to be that the coating steel pipe of 20mm is welded, the degree of depth L2 of cultivating groove is 24cm, the height L4 of the second cultivating stand is 80cm, and the horizontal depth of beam L3 of intermediate support between the two-layer cultivating groove of the second cultivating stand is 33cm, and the width L6 of cultivating stand is 41cm, centre-to-centre spacing L5 between first cultivating stand 5 and the second cultivating stand 6 is 100cm, and the height L7 of the first cultivating stand 5 is 155cm.Solution feed pump 2 controls to carry out batch (-type) drip irrigation to strawberry 11 and low light tolerance strawberry cultivars or leaf vegetables or edible fungi 12, and cultivating groove adopts non-woven fabrics and fly net composition double-filtration, avoids cultivation matrix to block liquid back pipe road 17.On the branch road of liquid feeding pipeline 4, mounted valve 9 is to control the dropping liquid amount of the drip hole on irrigate band 10, and control system 3 controls the normal operation of whole elevating rack combined type culturing device.
Below briefly explain the course of work according to the elevating rack combined type culturing device for planting the crops such as strawberry of the present invention.Control system 3 is in running order, nutrient solution to be transported near the root system of strawberry 11 by liquid feeding pipeline 4 through irrigate band 10, the nutrient solution of excessive pouring is exuded in the groove that formed by transparent thickening plastic film 7 and plastic foil 8 with the form of nutrient solution diffusate 15, turned back in nutrient solution liquid return tank 18 by liquid back pipe road 17 again, thus complete whole enclosed circulation process.
According to the elevating rack combined type culturing device for planting the crops such as strawberry of the present invention compared with prior art tool have the following advantages:
1, by the long-term cropping that is alternately arranged of high-rise cultivating stand and low layer cultivating stand, the Efficient Cultivation of crop can be realized, improve the space availability ratio in greenhouse, improve plant number and the output of unit are crop to a certain extent, can ensure mutually not block between each cultivating stand by high-rise cultivating stand and being alternately arranged of low layer cultivating stand, ensure that crop photosynthesis in process of growth is unaffected.Elevating rack combined type culturing device for planting the crops such as strawberry according to the present invention can realize the suspension of the fruits such as strawberry simultaneously, avoids contacting with irrigation water, decreases the damage by disease and insect because high humidity causes to a great extent.
2, the substrate culture utilizing the elevating rack combined type culturing device for long-term cropping according to the present invention to carry out crop can avoid the generation of soil-borne disease insect pest and soil continuous cropping obstacle effectively, inflorescence pollination fully, fruit development is good, bright-colored, improves high-quality fruits and vegetables ratio.
3, the elevating rack combined type culturing device for long-term cropping according to the present invention can realize the recycling of nutrient solution, improves the availability of nutrient solution.
4, the elevating rack combined type culturing device for long-term cropping according to the present invention can make the cultivation management of crop and the harvesting judicial convenience of fruit, thus reduces labour intensity.In addition, simple according to culturing device structure of the present invention, its input cost is low, easy to use, liquid manure cyclic utilization rate is high.
Elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention is described in detail for strawberry although above, but, clearly, elevating rack combined type culturing device according to the present invention also may be used for cultivating other crops, such as may be used for leaf class, tubers and the allium vegetableses such as plantation romaine lettuce, rape, spinach, carrot, green onion, garlic, also may be used for planting the small-sized flower plants such as the red palm, ivyleaf cyclamen, Indian fig.
Although with reference to illustrative embodiments, invention has been described, but be to be understood that, the present invention is not limited in literary composition the embodiment described in detail and illustrate, when not departing from claims limited range, those skilled in the art can make various change to described illustrative embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. an elevating rack combined type culturing device, comprising the nutrition liquid pool (1) for storing nutrient solution, being arranged on the solution feed pump (2) of the bottom of described nutrition liquid pool (1), for guiding by the liquid feeding pipeline (4) of the nutrient solution of described solution feed pump (2) pumping, for providing the cultivating stand of supporting to raise crop, for guiding nutrient solution from the liquid back pipe road (17) that described cultivating stand refluxes and the liquid return tank (18) for the nutrient solution that stores backflow
It is characterized in that, described cultivating stand comprises at least two cultivating stands, and described at least two cultivating stands have height different from each other and are arranged in order according to the size of height along the direction vertical with the longitudinal direction of single described cultivating stand.
2. elevating rack combined type culturing device according to claim 1, wherein, described at least two cultivating stands comprise the first cultivating stand (5) and the second cultivating stand (6), and the height of described first cultivating stand (5) is greater than the height of described second cultivating stand (6).
3. elevating rack combined type culturing device according to claim 2, wherein, described first cultivating stand (5) has the height can planting three layers of crop, and described second cultivating stand (6) has the height can planting two-layer crop.
4. the elevating rack combined type culturing device according to any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described cultivating stand is provided with cultivating groove.
5. elevating rack combined type culturing device according to claim 4, wherein, described cultivating groove is formed by the transparent thickening plastic film (7) be arranged together with stacking gradually, plastic foil (8), fly net (13) and non-woven fabrics (14).
6. the elevating rack combined type culturing device according to any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described liquid back pipe road (17) is filtered and the nutrient solution collected by described plastic foil (8) by described non-woven fabrics (14) for conveying.
7. the elevating rack combined type culturing device according to any one in claim 1-3, also comprises the control system (3) of the normal operation for controlling described elevating rack combined type culturing device.
8. the elevating rack combined type culturing device according to any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described elevating rack combined type culturing device is used for planting strawberry.
9. the elevating rack combined type culturing device according to any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described elevating rack combined type culturing device is used for culturing vegetable or flowers.
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| CN201410802349.7A CN104396719A (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | High and low rack combined cultivation device |
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| CN201410802349.7A CN104396719A (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | High and low rack combined cultivation device |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104719032A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 南京林业大学 | Control system for apocarya root growth and water utilization |
| CN105145118A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-16 | 付顺 | Mushroom producing frame used for three-dimensional planting of chestnut mushrooms in greenhouse and method for three-dimensional planting of chestnut mushrooms in greenhouse |
| CN105918089A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 山东理工大学 | Soilless planting method for organic strawberries |
| CN107372086A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-11-24 | 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 | Plant cultivation system |
| CN107801625A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-03-16 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of ladder combined type solid cultivation system |
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| CN105145118A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-16 | 付顺 | Mushroom producing frame used for three-dimensional planting of chestnut mushrooms in greenhouse and method for three-dimensional planting of chestnut mushrooms in greenhouse |
| CN105918089A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 山东理工大学 | Soilless planting method for organic strawberries |
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| CN107801625A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-03-16 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of ladder combined type solid cultivation system |
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Application publication date: 20150311 |