CN101069482A - Soilfree culturation apparatus - Google Patents
Soilfree culturation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101069482A CN101069482A CNA2007100118234A CN200710011823A CN101069482A CN 101069482 A CN101069482 A CN 101069482A CN A2007100118234 A CNA2007100118234 A CN A2007100118234A CN 200710011823 A CN200710011823 A CN 200710011823A CN 101069482 A CN101069482 A CN 101069482A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a soilless cultivation equipment. It includes cultivation channel, arched top and nutrient liquor layer the width of bottom surface of said cultivation channel is 250-400mm, a4nd the height of said cultivation channel is 250-500mm, in the bottom portion of said cultivation channel an arched net frame is set, the distance from top end of said arched net frame to bottom surface of cultivation channel is 100-400mm. In the bottom portion of said cultivation channel a nutrient liquor layer whose thickness is 30-100mm is set.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is cultivation technique without soil, a kind of specifically cultivation apparatus without soil.
Background technology
Soilless culture is a kind of agricultural cultivation new and high technology that grows up nearly decades, it is without natural soil, but with contain growth and development of plants must element nutrient solution nutrition is provided, and, can make plant can normally finish the culture technique of whole life by corresponding cultivating facility.Soilless culture has been satisfied the requirement of root system to all conditions such as moisture, fertilizer, gas to greatest extent owing to manually created good root system environment condition, has brought into play the maximum potential of crop production.Therefore, soilless culture is the direction of the future of agriculture production development, also be solve facilities horticulture produce in one of the effective means that takes place of soil continuous cropping obstacle.
In production practices, soilless culture is divided into water planting, substrate culture and mist substantially and trains this three major types at present, and water planting is usually because the nutrient solution oxyty is lower, the root system oxygen consumption is fast, causes the oxygen supply deficiency of root system, influences plant strain growth.The formation of root pad worsens root system oxygen supply situation and influences the growth of plant in substrate culture.The mist training is because root system of plant is suspended in the air, and nutrient solution is sprayed onto the plant root surface with vaporific form from shower nozzle, thereby has well solved the contradiction of root system to the absorption of nutrient, moisture content and oxygen.Therefore, mist training is to solve root system oxygen supply the best way in all cultivation technique without soil at present, but since the mist training to the having relatively high expectations of equipment, the administrative skill level is tighter, therefore, mist training mode can't large-scale actual promotion and application.
The method of solid matrix is mainly adopted in main in the world at present fruit and vegetable soilless culture, because the soil environment that solid matrix cultivated plant root growth environment had comparatively adapted to for a long time already near plant over 10000000 year, therefore, can coordinate the contradiction of moisture content, gas easily, and, can gather materials on the spot, reduce investment.But, cleaning, sterilization, loaded down with trivial details at the actual production process mesostroma with the operation of utilizing again, time-consuming, the subsequent production data consumes more, cost is also higher, the more important thing is in substrate culture because the formation of root pad worsens the oxygen supply situation of crop root, thereby influence the growth of plant normal growth.
Above-mentioned cultivation technique without soil mode is various, yet also all exists shortcoming and the problem that can not ignore.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the contradiction of the root system water that exists in the current soilless culture, fertilizer, weighing apparatus indignant about unfairness and the contradiction that can solve root system oxygen supply and feed flow preferably and simple a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil are provided.
Above-mentioned purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of cultivation apparatus without soil comprises cultivation groove, arch grid structure, gauze, ventilating mechanism, hypothallus; The bottom of described cultivation groove is provided with an arch grid structure, covers a gauze on arch grid structure, is provided with hypothallus above the gauze, and the bottom of cultivation groove is provided with the nutrition liquid layer,
The bottom width of above-mentioned cultivation groove is made as 250～400mm, and the bottom surface of cultivation groove is made as 250～500mm with the end face distance of cultivation groove, and two sides and the vertical angle α of cultivation groove are made as 0～60 °.
The top of above-mentioned arch grid structure is made as 100～400mm with the bottom surface distance of cultivation groove.
The thickness of above-mentioned nutrition liquid layer is made as 30～100mm.
Above-mentioned ventilating mechanism is at the top of arch grid structure or side lower part is provided with a vertical breather pipe, and the upper end of breather pipe is passed hypothallus and communicated with atmosphere, and gauze and arch grid structure are passed in the lower end of breather pipe; Or breather pipe is laid the end connection blower fan of breather pipe along the bottom surface of cultivation groove.
Above-mentioned hypothallus is made as organic substrate or inorganic matrix.
A kind of using method of cultivation apparatus without soil:
By shown in Figure 2, at first make the cultivation groove of strip, lay arch grid structure then, cover the husky net of one deck nylon on it, as shown in Figure 1, insert matrix then, simultaneously, according to the different definite suitable ventilating modes of raise crop, ventilating mode has three kinds: the one, and the air diffusion by the top substrate layer enters the bottom air layer; The 2nd, take facility breather pipe on arch grid structure, the height of breather pipe exceeds about hypothallus 150mm, and hypothallus is communicated with outside atmosphere; The 3rd, take air compressor to be forced to the air layer inflation.Have on the cultivation groove of making like this hypothallus, in air layer is arranged, below for the nutrition liquid layer, air layer is between nutrition liquid layer and hypothallus, the existence of air layer makes the root system respiration situation improve.Before the field planting rice shoot, can on hypothallus, excavate planting pit earlier or excavate a field planting ditch, with the rice shoot field planting that cultivates in the planting pit that has dug or in the field planting ditch, concrete field planting position is the centre of cultivation groove, the i.e. top at arch form rack top then; Use the root of the topped rice shoot of matrix subsequently; On the surface of hypothallus, lay drip irrigation pipe along the root of rice shoot, can be by drip irrigation pipe quantitatively to plant supply nutrient solution.The nutrient solution that flows out from drip irrigation pipe at first enters hypothallus like this, and moisture content or the nutrition that is absorbed by plant root can not leak into the cultivating groove bottom, and unnecessary nutrient solution can flow out, and forms certain nutrition liquid layer.In this process, the root system of rice shoot not only can absorb nutrition from matrix, and its root system also can grow downwards along arch grid structure, or passes from mesh and enter the nutrition liquid layer, constantly absorbs plant strain growth desired nutritional material.
The present invention is on the basis of steam fog method cultivation technique without soil increasing yield research, the advantage of comprehensive nutrient substrate soiless cultivation technology and aeroponics cultivation technique without soil, and set up soilless culture innovation structure pattern and the technical system that plant root " water, fertilizer, gas " is coordinated.
The present invention mainly contains the effect of four aspects:
1, solve the ventilation problem of root system, provide sufficient oxygen for the respiratory metabolism of crop root
The existence of air layer among the present invention can be satisfied the demand of the respiration of root system for oxygen, thus promote root system grow and root system to the absorption of nutrition and moisture content.
2, can effectively guarantee nutrition supply, improve the abundant absorption and the utilization of nutrient solution
Upper strata matrix among the present invention both can be organic substrate such as rice husk, sawdust etc., also can be inorganic matrix such as sand, perlite etc., or organic and inorganic mixed-matrix, and nutrient solution can be undertaken quantitatively with regularly supplying by the drip irrigation mode.The not absorbent nutrient solution of root system in matrix can accumulate in the bottom of cultivation groove, makes the root system that extend into the nutrition liquid layer can also continue to absorb and utilization, thereby improves the nutrient solution utilization ratio.
3, the domes nutrient solution that helps cultivating groove bottom accumulating spreads to hypothallus
Because the existence of domes, the nutrient solution that the cultivating groove bottom is accumulated passes through capillarity, is diffused into domes top substrate layer, therefore, helps the absorption of hypothallus root system to moisture content and nutrient.
4, solve the influence of root system from poisonous substance matter
Plant is in process of growth, root system is usually secreted a large amount of self EM. and these materials play inhibitory action to the growth of plant self mostly, the present invention can be by the mode of nutrient solution circulation, get off root exudates etc. of drip washing in the matrix is discharged from poisonous substance matter, thereby eliminate the influence of root system from poisonous substance matter.
Science of the present invention, reasonable, simple in structure, gather materials on the spot, investment cost is few, can coordinate the contradiction of liquid manure and gas easily, management, operation are conveniently, regular job is simple, and practicality is stronger, and is applied widely, have development prospect preferably, the present invention uses at suit scientific research, agricultural universities and colleges, agricultural planting enterprise and rural area.
Need to prove: under the prerequisite that does not change the principle of the invention and design, change of having done or distortion all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a section structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 cultivates the groove perspective view for the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of cultivation apparatus without soil comprises cultivation groove 3, arch grid structure 4, nutrition liquid layer 1; Be made as 260mm a bottom width, highly the bottom for the cultivation groove 3 of 300mm is provided with an arch grid structure 4, is coated with nylon gauze 5 on arch grid structure 4; The top of arch grid structure 4 is made as 120mm with the bottom surface distance of cultivation groove 3, and the top of arch grid structure 4 is provided with the hypothallus 2 of organic or inorganic.Two side grades of cultivation groove 3 are that 86 ° of side and vertical angle α that promptly cultivate groove 3 are 4 °; The bottom of cultivation groove 3 is provided with a nutrition liquid layer 1, the thickness of nutrition liquid layer 1 is set to 35mm, between nutrition liquid layer 1 and hypothallus 2, be provided with an air layer 7, one vertical breather pipe 6 is set at the top of arch grid structure 4, hypothallus 2 is passed in the upper end of breather pipe 6, exceed hypothallus 2 and be 150mm, and communicate with atmosphere, gauze 5, arch grid structure 4 are passed in the lower end of breather pipe 6.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two and embodiment one are basic identical, different is: the bottom width of cultivation groove 3 is made as 300mm, highly is 350mm, the top of arch grid structure 4 is made as 290mm with the bottom surface distance of cultivation groove 3, and two side grades of cultivation groove 3 are that 65 ° of side and vertical angle α that promptly cultivate groove 3 are 25 °; The thickness of nutrition liquid layer 1 is set to 65mm.Breather pipe 9 is laid along the bottom surface of cultivation groove 3, and an end of breather pipe 9 passes arch grid structure 4, nylon gauze 5 and hypothallus 2 and is connected with blower fan, forces to ventilate.
Embodiment three
Embodiment three and embodiment one are basic identical, different is: the bottom width of cultivation groove 3 is made as 380mm, highly is 450mm, the top of arch grid structure 4 is made as 390mm with the bottom surface distance of cultivation groove 3, two side grades of cultivation groove 3 are 33 °, and the side and the vertical angle α that promptly cultivate groove 3 are 57 °; The thickness of nutrition liquid layer 1 is set to 90mm.Side lower part at arch grid structure 4 is provided with a vertical breather pipe 8, and hypothallus 2 is passed in the upper end of breather pipe 8, exceeds hypothallus 2 and is 150mm, and communicate with atmosphere, and nylon gauze 5, arch grid structure 4 are passed in the lower end of breather pipe 8.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil comprises cultivation groove (3), arch grid structure (4), gauze (5), hypothallus (2), ventilating mechanism, nutrition liquid layer (1); It is characterized in that:
The bottom of described cultivation groove (3) is provided with an arch grid structure (4), and a gauze (5) is set above the arch grid structure (4); Be provided with hypothallus (2) above the gauze (5), the bottom of cultivation groove (3) is provided with a nutrition liquid layer (1).
2, a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom width of above-mentioned cultivation groove (3) is made as 250-400mm, the bottom surface of cultivation groove (3) is made as 250-500mm with the end face distance of cultivation groove (3), and two sides and the vertical angle α of cultivation groove (3) are made as 0-60 °.
3, a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the top of above-mentioned arch grid structure (4) is made as 100-400mm with the bottom surface distance of cultivation groove (3).
4, a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of above-mentioned nutrition liquid layer (1) is made as 30-100mm.
5, a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned ventilating mechanism is at the top of arch grid structure (4) or side lower part is provided with vertical breather pipe (6) or (8), the upper end of breather pipe (6) or (8) is passed hypothallus (2) and is communicated with atmosphere, and gauze (5) and arch grid structure (4) are passed in the lower end of breather pipe (6) or (8); Or breather pipe (9) is laid the end connection blower fan of breather pipe (9) along the bottom surface of cultivation groove (3).
6, a kind of cultivation apparatus without soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned hypothallus (2) is made as organic substrate or inorganic matrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100118234A CN101069482A (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Soilfree culturation apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100118234A CN101069482A (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Soilfree culturation apparatus |
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| CN101069482A true CN101069482A (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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| CNA2007100118234A Pending CN101069482A (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Soilfree culturation apparatus |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783384A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-11-21 | 高军 | Crop rhizospheric soil conditioning system and conditioning method thereof |
| CN103733959A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-23 | 北京市农林科学院 | Floating planting device and system |
| CN104221834A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-24 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Aeration cultivation device and cultivation system |
| CN105830904A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-10 | 南京农业大学 | Tidal soilless cultivation equipment |
| CN108293780A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-07-20 | 桐梓县茅石乡龙会村蔬菜种植场 | A kind of half nutrient solution of fibrous root class plant, half soil formula cultural method |
| CN110558215A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-12-13 | 云南农业大学 | Organic vegetable cultivation method, cultivation tank used by same and application of cultivation tank |
| CN111328693A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2020-06-26 | 三菱化学农业梦想株式会社 | Nutriculture member and nutriculture method |
| CN111837926A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-30 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | Drought-resisting cultivation device for sandy soil and cultivation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-06-22 CN CNA2007100118234A patent/CN101069482A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783384A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-11-21 | 高军 | Crop rhizospheric soil conditioning system and conditioning method thereof |
| CN103733959A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-23 | 北京市农林科学院 | Floating planting device and system |
| CN104221834A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-24 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Aeration cultivation device and cultivation system |
| CN111328693A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2020-06-26 | 三菱化学农业梦想株式会社 | Nutriculture member and nutriculture method |
| CN111328693B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2022-11-01 | 三菱化学水解决方案株式会社 | Thin film hydroponic culture member and thin film hydroponic culture method |
| CN105830904A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-10 | 南京农业大学 | Tidal soilless cultivation equipment |
| CN108293780A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-07-20 | 桐梓县茅石乡龙会村蔬菜种植场 | A kind of half nutrient solution of fibrous root class plant, half soil formula cultural method |
| CN110558215A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-12-13 | 云南农业大学 | Organic vegetable cultivation method, cultivation tank used by same and application of cultivation tank |
| CN111837926A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-30 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | Drought-resisting cultivation device for sandy soil and cultivation method thereof |
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Open date: 20071114 |