CN107840311B - 一种含硫渣回收硫的方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical class CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical class ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/48—Sulfur dioxide; Sulfurous acid
- C01B17/50—Preparation of sulfur dioxide
- C01B17/501—Preparation of sulfur dioxide by reduction of sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/48—Sulfur dioxide; Sulfurous acid
- C01B17/50—Preparation of sulfur dioxide
- C01B17/52—Preparation of sulfur dioxide by roasting sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/74—Preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/74—Preparation
- C01B17/745—Preparation from sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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Abstract
本专利公开了一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,它是将含硫渣在低温沸腾炉烘干后,加入催化剂和还原剂,混合均匀后,加入带旋风预热器的沸腾分解炉,充分反应得到氧化硫气体和脱硫渣,收集氧化硫气体和脱硫渣。同已有技术方案相比,本方法能节约生产成本,降低能耗,提高效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含量渣的资源化利用领域,具体涉及一种铁矾渣回收资源的方法,也可用于从工业副产石膏中回收硫。
背景技术
近十年来,我国铅锌冶金保持了快速增长的势头,2010年,铅锌总产量达到958.10万吨。对于年产10万吨的湿法工艺生电锌厂,若锌精矿含铁以8%计,则每年产出的黄铵铁矾(铁矾渣)约为5.3万吨[陈永明,唐谟堂,第19卷第7期中国有色金属学报杨声海,等.NaOH分解含铟铁矾渣新工艺[J].中国有色金属学报,2009,19(7):1322-1331]。我国铅锌金属产量已连续多年位居世界第一。在产品产能飞速发展的同时,生产过程中的黄铵铁矾的处理问题逐步凸现,不仅关系到资源的综合循环利用,而且更关系到对自然环境的影响。
谭宏斌等人的发明专利,公开了黄铵铁矾中回收硫的工艺,包括(1)用铅锌冶炼厂产生的黄铵铁矾作为原料,其中加入添加剂、成形剂、气氛调节剂、水,搅拌均匀后,制成球状颗粒;(2)球状颗粒通过振动给料机,送入柱状热处理炉中,于700~900℃反应得到氧化铁副产品,经炉膛下开口底部的振动出料机直接收集;产生的烟气通过炉膛顶部的排气口排出,由铅锌冶炼过程中的酸浸液吸收后,送硫酸制备车间,回收硫;(3)将收集到的氧化铁副产品用粉磨、洗涤、干燥后得到工业用氧化铁原料[谭宏斌,马小玲,侯小强,等.从黄铵铁矾中回收硫的工艺[P].专利申请号:201310397438.3]。该专利采用柱状热处理炉,由于物料为含煤的固体小球,煤燃烧速度慢,生产效率低。
谭宏斌等人的发明专利,本发明公开了一种利用干法回转窑余热处理铁矾渣的工艺,将铁矾渣破碎后,送入旋转烘干机干燥,干燥用的热风为干法回转窑窑尾的热风,得到含碳酸铵的尾气;将经脱氨处理后的铁矾渣粉碎后,加入粘结剂和水,送入到多级旋风筒处理器中,进行脱硫处理,得到氧化铁和尾气。将铁矾渣的脱硫处理产生的尾气,送入硫酸车间生产硫酸;将氧化铁洗涤后,回收有价金属,洗涤后的氧化铁作为炼钢原料。本发明的热源均为干法回转窑的余热,具有显著的经济和环保效益[谭宏斌,马小玲,侯小强,等.一种利用干法回转窑余热处理铁矾渣的工艺[P].专利申请号:201410047260.4]。旋转烘干机占地较大,又由于筒体为旋转设备,运行成本较高。该工艺采用粘结剂,将物料制成小球,虽然有利于除尘,但物料的分解效率降低。
离子液是以有机阳离子、无机阴离子为主,添加少量活化剂、抗氧化剂和缓蚀剂组成的水溶液,使用过程中不会产生对大气造成污染的有害气体。离子液在常温下吸收二氧化硫,高温(105~110℃)下将离子液中的二氧化硫再生出来,从而达到脱除和回收烟气中SO2的目的[王睿,裴家炜.离子液循环吸收烟气脱硫技术及其应用前景[J].烧结球团,2009,34(2):5-9]。
沸腾炉是一种新型的燃烧设备,它基于化工冶金工业的气固流化态技术,具有燃烧效率高的特点。[孙宝金,申景明.沸腾炉的流动燃烧[J].煤炭技术,2003,22(6):1-2]
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供了一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,同已有技术方案相比,本方法能节约生产成本,降低能耗,提高效率。能显著提高硫酸的生产效率和产品质量,降低生产成本,节能降耗,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。
一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,包括以下步骤:
将含硫渣在低温沸腾炉烘干后,加入催化剂和还原剂,混合均匀后,加入带旋风预热器的沸腾分解炉,旋风预热器的气氛为氧化气氛,沸腾分解炉的气氛为还原气氛;在950-1200℃的沸腾分解炉中,充分反应得到氧化硫气体和脱硫渣,收集氧化硫气体和脱硫渣;其中,催化剂为方铅矿、硫化镍矿、黝铜矿,还原剂为矿物油废物、废有机溶剂或精/蒸馏残渣。
所述的低温沸腾炉的温度为200-300℃。
所述的催化剂加入量为含硫渣质量的0.06~0.1%。
所述的还原剂加入量为含硫渣质量的1~10%。
所述的矿物油废物为石油炼制过程中溶气浮选工艺产生、石油炼制过程中产生的溢出废油或乳剂,石油炼制换热器管束清洗过程中产生的含油污泥,或石油炼制过程中澄清油浆槽底沉积物。
所述的废有机溶剂为清洗剂或萃取剂使用后废弃的含卤素有机溶剂,包括四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、1,1,2-三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯或四氯乙烯。
所述的精/蒸馏残渣为炼焦过程中蒸氨塔产生的残渣、炼焦过程中澄清设施底部的焦油渣、炼焦副产品回收过程中萘、粗苯精制产生的残渣或炼焦和炼焦副产品回收过程中焦油储存设施中的焦油渣。
所述的低温沸腾炉所用燃料为低硫煤,沸腾分解炉所用燃料为高硫煤。
所述的沸腾分解炉放出的氧化硫烟气净化后,用离子液浓缩烟气中氧化硫后,用于制硫酸;分解产生的脱硫渣用5%-10%的硫酸浸泡,回收有价金属。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明的方法中,用低温沸腾炉对含硫渣进行烘干,用沸腾分解炉对物料进行分解,具有占地小、效率高的特点。在含硫渣中加入催化剂,催化剂的电子容易传递给含硫渣,含硫渣中的六价硫得到电子,容易转变为四价,有利于含硫渣分解,降低分解温度。关键的,还原剂燃烧时产生还原气氛,有利于含硫渣分解,还可为含硫渣分解提供热量。沸腾分解炉的气氛为还原气氛,有利于含硫渣的分解。在旋风预热器中通入空气,气氛为氧化气氛,有利于在还原气氛下产生的单质硫氧化,提高硫的回收率。本发明的方法,氧化硫的回收率达98%,烟气达标排放,有价金属回收率达90%。同已有技术方案相比,本方法能节约生产成本,降低能耗,提高效率。能显著提高硫酸的生产效率和产品质量,降低生产成本,节能降耗,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。
进一步,采用离子液,可提高烟气中硫的回收效率。本发明中氧化硫气体,浓度高,可用于制硫酸;分解产生的氧化铁粉,回收有价金属后,可作为水泥厂或钢厂的原料。
进一步,还原剂为有机废物,如矿物油废物、废有机溶剂、精/蒸馏残渣。这些有机物均为危险废物,在高温下燃烧,能差生还原气氛,有利于含硫渣的分解。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
将100Kg铁矾渣在200℃的低温沸腾炉烘干后,再在含硫渣粉中加入0.06Kg催化剂黝铜矿和1Kg还原剂矿物油废物,混合均匀后,加入950℃的沸腾分解炉中分解得到氧化硫气体和脱硫渣。氧化硫用离子液浓缩烟气中硫后,用于制硫酸。脱硫渣中用质量浓度为5%的硫酸溶液浸泡,回收有价金属,回收有价金属后的脱硫渣,可作为水泥厂或钢厂的原料。
实施例2
将100Kg铁矾渣在300℃的低温沸腾炉烘干,再在脱硫渣中加入0.1Kg催化剂黝铜矿和10Kg还原剂矿物油废物,混合均匀后,加入1200℃的沸腾分解炉中分解得到氧化硫气体和脱硫渣。脱硫渣中用质量浓度为10%的硫酸溶液浸泡,回收有价金属。
实施例3
将100Kg铁矾渣在250℃的低温沸腾炉烘干后,再在硫铁渣中加入0.08Kg催化剂黝铜矿和7Kg还原剂矿物油废物,混合均匀后,加入1000℃的高温换热器中分解得到氧化硫气体和脱硫渣。
下表为编号为1-15的15个实施例,其他具体步骤通实施例1。
所有的实施例中,氧化硫的回收率达98%,烟气达标排放,有价金属回收率达90%。
Claims (6)
1.一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将含硫渣在低温沸腾炉烘干后,加入催化剂和还原剂,混合均匀后,加入带旋风预热器的沸腾分解炉,旋风预热器的气氛为氧化气氛,沸腾分解炉的气氛为还原气氛;在950-1200℃的沸腾分解炉中,充分反应得到氧化硫气体和脱硫渣,收集氧化硫气体和脱硫渣;其中,催化剂为方铅矿、硫化镍矿或黝铜矿,还原剂为矿物油废物、废有机溶剂或精/蒸馏残渣;
所述的矿物油废物为石油炼制过程中产生的溢出废油或乳剂,石油炼制换热器管束清洗过程中产生的含油污泥,或石油炼制过程中澄清油浆槽底沉积物;
所述的废有机溶剂为清洗剂或萃取剂使用后废弃的含卤素有机溶剂,包括四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、1,1,2-三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯或四氯乙烯;
所述的精/蒸馏残渣为炼焦过程中蒸氨塔产生的残渣、炼焦过程中澄清设施底部的焦油渣、炼焦副产品回收过程中萘、粗苯精制产生的残渣或炼焦和炼焦副产品回收过程中焦油储存设施中的焦油渣。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,其特征在于,所述的低温沸腾炉的温度为200-300℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂加入量为含硫渣质量的0.06~0.1%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,其特征在于,所述的还原剂加入量为含硫渣质量的1~10%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,其特征在于,所述的低温沸腾炉所用燃料为低硫煤,沸腾分解炉所用燃料为高硫煤。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种含硫渣回收硫的方法,其特征在于,所述的沸腾分解炉放出的氧化硫烟气净化后,用离子液浓缩烟气中氧化硫后,用于制硫酸;分解产生的脱硫渣用质量浓度5%-10%的硫酸浸泡,回收有价金属。
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