CN107824272A - A kind of differential speed type mulberry shoot reducing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a differential-speed mulberry bar crushing device, which comprises a crushing chamber, a cutting knife, a crushing hammer device and a frame; the frame is used to fix the crushing chamber; the crushing chamber includes a discharge chamber, an upper crushing chamber and a lower crushing chamber; The discharge chamber, the upper crushing chamber and the lower crushing chamber together form a hollow crushing chamber; the main shaft is composed of a solid main shaft and a hollow shaft; the section cutting knife is installed on the cutting knife holder; the cutting knife holder is installed symmetrically at the entrance of the crushing chamber at 180 degrees on the solid main shaft at the place; the crushing hammer device includes the front hammer frame, the rear hammer frame, the front hammer frame, the rear hammer frame and the crushing hammer; the cutting knife cuts the mulberry into small pieces, and the crushing hammer hits the The mulberry sticks are crushed and discharged; the invention can realize the differential speed operation of cutting and crushing the mulberry sticks; it is suitable for the crushing of fresh mulberry sticks, and the differential speed design can reduce power loss and vibration and noise generated during the operation of the grinder, and can enhance The crushing effect on mulberry sticks.

Description

A differential speed mulberry stick crushing device

technical field

The invention relates to a differential-speed mulberry stick crushing device, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment. It can be used for the crushing of mulberry sticks, fruit tree branches and other branches.

Background technique

Mulberry is very rich in nutrients and contains a variety of substances that are beneficial to the human body. For the traditional silkworm breeding mode, mulberry leaves are mainly used, and mulberry strips are not well utilized. The emerging mulberry cultured mushroom industry is a good solution for the comprehensive utilization of mulberry.

Compared with the traditional corn cob and other substrates, the protein and other nutrients content of the mulberry strip substrate is much higher, which is more suitable for the cultivation of mushrooms. Modern research shows that there are many substances beneficial to the human body in the mulberry tree, which is also the reason why the mulberry leaf tea is popular. s reason. These nutrients are also very rich in fresh mulberry sticks, and the mushrooms cultured using crushed mulberry sticks as a culture substrate are more nutritious. As a decomposer, mushrooms participate in the decomposition of mulberry sticks and decompose the macromolecular organic matter in the mulberry sticks. The decomposed mulberry sticks left after breeding are also a very good organic fertilizer.

But mulberry mushroom cultivation is a new industry, and it is difficult for farmers to buy shredders for mulberry. Farmers can only buy pulverizers for crushing grain or branches; while the existing branch crushers are mainly used for crushing branches, making wood products or making pulp, and using existing grain crushers and branch crushers to crush mulberry strips Farming mushrooms does not work well.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a differential-speed mulberry stick crushing device, which is used in conjunction with the ordinary or forced feeding mechanism of the existing straw grinder, through three crushing processes, namely cutting, crushing and discharging, and through Different rotation speeds of the cutting knife and crushing hammer are set to achieve differential rotation, and the mulberry sticks can be crushed rapidly and continuously.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A differential speed type mulberry bar crushing device, comprising a crushing chamber, a segment cutter, a crushing hammer device and a frame; the frame is used to fix the crushing chamber;

The crushing chamber includes a discharge chamber, an upper crushing chamber and a lower crushing chamber; the lower crushing chamber is installed on the frame, and the upper crushing chamber and the lower crushing chamber can be movably connected as one; the top of the upper crushing chamber is connected with a discharge chamber; the upper crushing chamber The chamber is detachable; the discharge chamber, the upper crushing chamber and the lower crushing chamber together form a hollow crushing chamber; the connection between the lower part of the upper crushing chamber and the lower crushing chamber is provided with a feeding port, and the feeding port is connected with a feeding cylinder; the main shaft is composed of Composed of a solid main shaft and a hollow shaft, the hollow main shaft can be movably socketed outside the solid main shaft, and both the solid main shaft and the hollow main shaft can rotate. A radial sliding bearing is installed between the solid main shaft and the hollow shaft to reduce friction and heat caused by the difference in rotational speed between the two. One end of the hollow main shaft is positioned by a thrust ball bearing to reduce friction with the solid main shaft, and the other end is positioned by a bearing and a bearing seat. The solid main shaft and the hollow shaft are respectively connected to independent pulleys for driving, so as to realize different speed adjustments and carry out differential speed crushing; the two ends of the solid main shaft are respectively fixed on the belt seats on both sides of the frame through the first deep groove ball bearing and the second deep groove ball bearing. On the bearing; one end of the hollow main shaft is coaxially fixed on the first deep groove ball bearing with the solid main shaft; the other end is coaxially fixed on the seated bearing on the frame through the second deep groove ball bearing;

The section-cutting knife is installed on the cutting knife holder; there are two cutting knife holders, and the cutting knife holders are symmetrically installed at 180 degrees on the solid main shaft at the feeding entrance of the crushing chamber. Each segment cutter holder is provided with a segment cutter; the segment cutter is a double-sided symmetrical blade; The knife is used; the cutting knife is used as a moving knife and used in conjunction with the bottom of the feeding port; when each cutting knife rotates to the bottom of the feeding port and is parallel to the bottom of the feeding port, a cut is completed, and the mulberry strips fed into the crushing chamber are cut into small pieces;

The crushing hammer device includes a front hammer frame, a rear hammer frame, a front hammer frame, a rear hammer frame and a crushing hammer; the front hammer frame and the rear hammer frame are relatively installed on hollow bearings ; There are six groups of front hammer frames and rear hammer frames symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the front hammer frame and the rear hammer frame; each group of front hammer frame and rear hammer frame is connected to a crushing hammer shaft; The shafts of the crushing hammers are evenly arranged at intervals of 60° along the circumferential direction of the front hammer plate and the rear hammer plate; each group of crushing hammers is equipped with a group of crushing hammers; each group of crushing hammers is composed of four hammers, and each group The hammer blades on the crushing hammer shaft are arranged in a staggered manner; sleeves are arranged on both sides of each hammer blade for positioning and preventing mutual interference between the hammer blades. The cutting knife cuts the mulberry sticks fed into the crushing chamber into small pieces, and then they are crushed under the impact of the high-speed rotating hammer, and the crushed mulberry sticks are discharged through the discharge chamber.

Preferably, each hammer is H-shaped (that is, the left and right sides of the hammer are U-shaped grooves at right angles); the thickness of the front and rear sides of the left and right sides of each hammer is greater than the thickness of the middle; further, the above-mentioned The thickness of each side is 15mm, and the width of each side (the width of the thickened part) is 8mm.

Preferably, grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each of the above-mentioned sides, the width of the grooves is 4mm, and the depth is 3mm; the grooves can reduce the contact area between the hammer and the mulberry strips and increase the crushing effect.

Due to the high toughness of the branches with higher water content, a relatively high linear speed is required to cut them, but such a high rotational speed is not required to pulverize them. On the contrary, if the speed of the pulverizer is too high, it will cause the body to generate huge vibration and noise, which will affect the comfort and health of the workers, and will also reduce the service life of the pulverizer. The invention uses a unique differential speed structure to independently drive the cutting knife and the crushing hammer to realize the differential speed operation of the two. Set the segment cutting knife at a high speed to ensure the cutting quality, and at the same time set the crushing hammer at a low speed to prevent the high-speed rotation of the crushing hammer from generating greater vibration and noise. By controlling the differential transmission of the cutting part and the crushing part, the invention can effectively reduce the running vibration and noise of the machine body while ensuring the cutting quality.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1: It is suitable for crushing fresh mulberry strips. The differential speed design can reduce power loss and vibration and noise generated during the operation of the crusher.

2: The specially designed crushing hammer structure can enhance the crushing effect on mulberry strips.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a crushing chamber structure diagram;

Fig. 2 is the internal three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the internal structure diagram of the differential speed operation device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a hammer;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the crushing chamber.

Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the crushing hammer

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of hammer installation

In the figure: 1. Rack 2. Bearing seat 3. Discharge chamber 4. Upper crushing chamber 5. Feeding barrel 6. Solid main shaft 7. Lower crushing chamber 8. Cutting knife holder 9. Cutting knife 10. Countersunk head Hole screw connector 11. Front hammer frame 12. Crushing hammer shaft 13. Crushing hammer 14. Drive hollow spindle pulley 15. Drive solid spindle pulley 16. Rear hammer frame 17. Rear hammer frame plate 18. Hollow spindle 19. Front hammer frame plate 20. Sleeve 21. Bearing with seat 22. Thrust ball bearing 23. Drive solid main shaft pulley 24. Drive hollow main shaft pulley 25. Deep groove ball bearing 1 26. Deep groove ball bearing 2 27 .Radial sliding bearings

Detailed ways

Related technical contents not mentioned below can adopt or learn from the prior art.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

A differential-speed mulberry bar crushing device, comprising a crushing chamber, a cutting knife, a crushing hammer device and a frame; the frame is used to fix the crushing chamber;

The crushing chamber includes a discharge chamber 3, an upper crushing chamber 4 and a lower crushing chamber 7; the lower crushing chamber is installed on the frame 1, and the upper crushing chamber 4 and the lower crushing chamber 7 can be movably connected as one; the top of the upper crushing chamber 4 A discharge chamber 3 is connected; the upper crushing chamber 4 is detachable; the discharge chamber 3, the upper crushing chamber 4 and the lower crushing chamber 7 together form a hollow crushing chamber; the connection between the lower part of the upper crushing chamber 4 and the lower crushing chamber 7 is provided with a The inlet and the feeding inlet are connected with a feeding cylinder 5; the main shaft is composed of a solid main shaft 6 and a hollow main shaft 18, and the solid main shaft 6 can be movably installed inside the hollow main shaft 18, and both the solid main shaft 6 and the hollow main shaft 18 can rotate. A radial sliding bearing 27 is installed between the solid main shaft 6 and the hollow main shaft 18 to reduce friction and heat caused by the difference in rotational speed between the two. One end of the hollow main shaft 18 is positioned by a thrust ball bearing 22 to reduce friction with the solid main shaft 6, and the other end is positioned by a bearing and a bearing seat. The solid main shaft 6 and the hollow main shaft 18 are respectively driven by independent pulleys to achieve differential crushing; the two ends of the solid main shaft 6 are respectively fixed on the bearings with seats on both sides of the frame through deep groove ball bearings 1 25 and 2 deep groove ball bearings 27 Above; the hollow main shaft 6 can be movably sleeved on the periphery of the solid main shaft 18; one end of the hollow main shaft 18 is coaxially fixed on the deep groove ball bearing 1 25 with the solid main shaft 6; the other end is coaxially fixed on the frame through the deep groove ball bearing 2 26 Inside the housed bearing.

The segment cutting knife 9 is installed on the cutting knife rest 8; the cutting knife rests are two, and the cutting knife rests are 180 degrees symmetrically installed on the solid main shaft 6 at the entrance of the crushing chamber. A section cutting knife is arranged on each section cutting tool holder; the section cutting knife is a double-sided symmetrical blade. The bottom of the feeding port is in the shape of a blade (that is, the connection between the top of the lower crushing chamber and the upper crushing chamber), which is used as a fixed knife; the cutting knife is used as a moving knife, which is used in conjunction with the bottom of the feeding port; when each section cutter rotates to the bottom of the feeding port, Parallel to the bottom of the feeding port once to complete a cut, and cut the mulberry strips fed into the crushing chamber into small pieces.

The crushing hammer device comprises a front hammer frame disc 19, a rear hammer frame disc 17, a front hammer frame 11, a rear hammer frame 16 and a crushing hammer 13; the front hammer frame disc 19 and the rear hammer frame disc 17 is relatively installed on the hollow main shaft 18; front hammer frame disc 19 and rear hammer frame disc 17 are symmetrically provided with six groups of front hammer frame 11 and rear hammer frame 16; each group of front hammer frame 11 and rear hammer frame The upper end of the hammer frame 16 is connected with a pulverizing hammer shaft 12; six pulverizing hammer shafts 12 are evenly arranged at intervals of 60° along the circumferential direction of the front hammer disc 19 and the rear hammer disc 17; There is a group of crushing hammers 13; each group of crushing hammers 13 is composed of four hammers; each hammer is H-shaped (that is, the left and right sides of the hammer are U-shaped grooves at right angles); the front and rear sides of each hammer are The thickness is greater than the middle part; the thickness of the above two sides is 15mm; the width (the width of the thickened part) is 8mm. And the left and right sides of the above-mentioned side are symmetrically provided with grooves, the groove width is 4mm, and the depth is 3mm, so as to reduce the contact area with the mulberry strips and increase the crushing effect. A sleeve is arranged between every two hammer pieces for positioning and preventing the hammer pieces from interfering with each other. And the hammer blades on the six groups of crushing hammers are arranged in a staggered manner. After cutting the mulberry strips fed into the crushing chamber into small sections by the cutting knife 9, they are pulverized under the impact of the crushing hammer rotating at high speed, and the pulverized mulberry strips are discharged through the discharge chamber.

After connecting the pulleys of the hollow main shaft and the solid main shaft to a 12kW motor, the crushing of mulberry bars can be realized. In the present invention, the main shaft pulley can also be connected with the existing tractor power output shaft to provide power. After the mulberry sticks are fed into the crushing chamber by the feeding cylinder 5, they are cut into small sections by the segment cutter 9, and the length of the mulberry sticks cut into sections can be regulated by the speed of manual feeding. Branches or mulberry strips cut into small sections fall into the crushing chamber, are crushed under the impact of the high-speed rotating crushing hammer 13, and are discharged through the discharge chamber 3.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of differential speed type mulberry shoot reducing mechanism, it is characterised in that including pulverizing chamber, segment knife, crush hammer device and frame；Machine Frame is used to fix pulverizing chamber；

Described pulverizing chamber includes discharge room, upper pulverizing chamber and lower pulverizing chamber；Lower pulverizing chamber be arranged on frame on, upper pulverizing chamber and Lower pulverizing chamber is movable to be connected as one；Discharge room is connected with the top of upper pulverizing chamber；Upper pulverizing chamber is detachable；Discharge room, upper powder Broken room and lower pulverizing chamber collectively constitute the pulverizing chamber of an inner hollow；Upper pulverizing chamber bottom is provided with lower pulverizing chamber junction and fed Entrance, feeding mouth are connected with feeding tube；The main shaft is made up of solid main shaft and hollow shaft, and hollow spindle is movable to be socketed in reality Outside heart main shaft, solid main shaft can rotate with hollow spindle；Bush(ing) bearing is housed between solid main shaft and hollow shaft；It is empty Heart main shaft one end is positioned by thrust ball bearing, and the other end is positioned by bearing and bearing block；Solid main shaft and hollow shaft connect respectively Independent band wheel drive, realize that different rotating speeds adjust；Solid main shaft both ends pass through deep groove ball bearing one and deep groove ball bearing respectively Two are fixed on the rolling bearing units of frame both sides；Hollow spindle one end is coaxially fixed on deep groove ball bearing one with solid main shaft； The other end is coaxially fixed on the rolling bearing units in frame by deep groove ball bearing two；

The segment knife is arranged on cut-off rest；The cut-off rest is two, and cut-off rest is symmetrically mounted on powder in 180 degree On the solid main shaft of broken indoor porch；Each segment knife rest is provided with a segment knife；Segment knife will feed powder as moving knife The mulberry shoot of broken room is cut into segment；Feeding mouth bottom is in blade-like；Each segment knife rotates to feeding mouth bottom and feeding mouth bottom When parallel, completion is once cut, and the mulberry shoot for feeding pulverizing chamber is cut into segment；

The hammer device that crushes includes preceding hammer leaf frame disk, rear hammer leaf frame disk, preceding hammer leaf frame, rear hammer leaf frame and crushes hammer；Before described Hammer leaf frame disk and rear hammer leaf frame disk are mounted opposite on hollow bearing；It is arranged with preceding hammer leaf frame disk and rear hammer leaf frame disk circumference Six groups of preceding hammer leaf framves and rear hammer leaf frame；Every group of preceding hammer leaf frame and rear hammer leaf frame upper end are connected with one and crush hammer axle；It is each to crush Hammer hammer axle is provided with one group of crushing and hammered into shape；Each hammer leaf is in H types；Former and later two lateral thickness at left and right sides of each hammer leaf are more than it The thickness at middle part；Each hammer leaf both sides are provided with sleeve.

A kind of 2. differential speed type mulberry shoot reducing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The segment knife puts the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors to be two-sided Symmetrical blades.

A kind of 3. differential speed type mulberry shoot reducing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Six crush hammer axle along preceding hammer leaf Frame disk and rear 60 ° of hammer leaf frame disk circumferencial direction interval are uniformly arranged.

A kind of 4. differential speed type mulberry shoot reducing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Every group of crushing hammer is by four hammer leaves Composition, and the hammer leaf on every group of crushing hammer axle is staggered.

A kind of 5. differential speed type mulberry shoot reducing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each side before and after the hammer leaf Thickness be 15mm, the width of each side is 8mm；And groove is arranged with left and right sides of above-mentioned each side, it is described Width is 4mm, depth 3mm.