CN107820878B - Cutting seedling raising method for Caribbean pine - Google Patents
Cutting seedling raising method for Caribbean pine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107820878B CN107820878B CN201711272554.7A CN201711272554A CN107820878B CN 107820878 B CN107820878 B CN 107820878B CN 201711272554 A CN201711272554 A CN 201711272554A CN 107820878 B CN107820878 B CN 107820878B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting seedling method of Caribbean pine, which comprises the following steps: step one, respectively crushing and mixing dry pine needles, cottonseed hulls, peanut hulls, bagasse, sawdust, wormwood leaves, paper scraps and corn straws, and sequentially performing soaking, insolation and puffing treatment to obtain a second mixture; mixing the second mixture with konjac flour, agar powder, soil brick powder, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, humus soil, sandy soil, fine river sand, perlite, grapefruit inner skin powder, white gourd pulp, animal bone powder, waste coal cinder and a fermentation material to obtain a third mixture; step three, immersing the third mixture into the first mixed solution, freezing, insolating and crushing the third mixture to obtain a cutting medium; step four, pre-treating the cutting in sequence by girdling and atomizing; and step five, sleeving a barrel body at the lower part of the pretreated cutting, filling nutrient fertilizer into the barrel body, and finally cutting to a seedling bed. The invention can improve the rooting rate and survival rate of seedling and shorten the rooting time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant cutting propagation. More specifically, the invention relates to a cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine.
Background
The Caribbean is named as Gubacon and the English name Caribbean Pine; latin name Pinus caribaea moelet; pinaceae Pinus genus. The Caribbean pine is originally distributed in the Brahman islands in the Caribbean sea area, the West part of the Gouba, the Honduras in the coastal areas of the east part of the Central America, the east part of the Cristalla and the northeast part of the Nigasa melon. The Caribbean pine has important economic value and protects ecological safety tree species, is not only an ideal raw material for pulping and papermaking, but also is extremely suitable for being used as materials for electric poles, coastal piles, marine masts, buildings and the like. Because the resin channel content is large, the output of the pine resin is 2.4 times higher than that of the masson pine and 32% higher than that of the wet pine, and the quality is better, so the pine resin is a good resin-producing resin species. Therefore, the Chinese has introduced the Caribbean pine produced by Hondullas in a large scale from the 70 th century.
At present, most of the Caribbean pine seedlings are obtained by cultivating Caribbean pine seeds, but the seedling cultivating method has long cultivating time and large cost, and the variety of the obtained Caribbean pine seedlings is unstable. The research reports about the cutting seedling raising technology of the Caribbean pine are less, and the disclosed cutting seedling raising technology has the problems of long seedling raising time and low rooting rate.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a cutting seedling method of the Caribbean pine, which comprises the steps of 1) preparing a cutting medium with rich and comprehensive nutrition, and pretreating the cutting medium; 2) carrying out atomization disinfection sterilization pretreatment on the lower part of the cutting slips; 3) sleeving a barrel filled with nutrient fertilizer as a protective sleeve at the lower part of the cutting slips; finally, the effects of improving the rooting rate and survival rate of the cutting seedling of the Caribbean pine, shortening the rooting time and increasing the rooting quantity are achieved.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for raising seedlings of caribbean by cutting, comprising the steps of:
1) preparation of cutting substrate
Weighing 3-6 parts by weight of dry pine needles, 4-8 parts by weight of cottonseed hulls, 2-5 parts by weight of peanut hulls, 1-4 parts by weight of bagasse, 1-3 parts by weight of sawdust, 5-9 parts by weight of wormwood leaves, 6-10 parts by weight of paper scraps and 9-13 parts by weight of corn straws, respectively crushing and mixing to obtain a first mixture, placing the first mixture in a soaking solution for soaking for 10-20 hours, introducing nitrogen into the soaking solution every 5 hours, taking out the first mixture from the soaking solution after soaking, placing the first mixture under the sun for insolation for 2-4 days, and then placing the first mixture in a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a second mixture;
the soaking solution comprises garlic powder, onion powder, ginger powder and distilled water in a weight ratio of 2:1.8:3: 10;
mixing the second mixture with 0.4-1 part by weight of konjac flour, 0.3-0.9 part by weight of agar powder, 1-1.6 parts by weight of clay brick powder, 1-3 parts by weight of green algae, 1-3 parts by weight of seaweed, 1-3 parts by weight of moss, 0.3-0.8 part by weight of resin hydrogel, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of chitosan, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of hyaluronic acid, 8-14 parts by weight of humus soil, 9-15 parts by weight of sandy soil, 7-18 parts by weight of fine river sand, 10-22 parts by weight of perlite, 6-15 parts by weight of grapefruit inner skin powder, 1-3 parts by weight of white gourd pulp, 2-4 parts by weight of animal bone powder, 3-8 parts by weight of waste coal cinder and 5-10 parts by weight of fermentation material, and fully stirring for 20-30 min to obtain a third mixture;
putting the third mixture into a cubic container, adding 10-18 parts by weight of the first mixed solution into the container, fully stirring for 5-8 min, and then putting the container into a low-temperature box at-20 to-10 ℃ for storage until the third mixture and the first mixed solution are frozen into a square; taking out the cubic blocks, exposing the cubic blocks to sunlight until the water content of the cubic blocks is 5-10%, and then crushing the exposed cubic blocks through a screen of 80-100 meshes to obtain the cuttage substrate;
the first mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts by weight of buddleia extract and 3-8 parts by weight of buddleia extract
Pyrethrum extract, balsam pear vine extract, 16-24 tea water, 20 to E
28 parts of rice washing water, 2-6 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, 1-3 parts of spectrum pesticide and 12-18 parts of spectrum pesticide
The molasses fermentation liquor in parts by weight;
2) pretreatment of cutting
Step four, cutting a 3-4 month current-year-old semi-lignified young shoot of the Caribbean pine as a cutting shoot, cutting the length of the cutting shoot to be 15-20 cm, reserving 3-4 buds, reserving leaves at the top end of the shoot, and arranging a smooth-cut inclined plane at the lower end of the cutting shoot; placing the cutting slips under flowing water to be washed clean, and then circularly cutting spiral grooves extending along the length direction of the cutting slips on the outer surfaces of the cutting slips close to the lower part; placing the lower part of the cutting into a sealed transparent cover body, wherein the spiral groove is positioned in the cover body, the lower part of the cover body is provided with an air inlet, the upper part of the cover body is provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an atomizer, a second mixed solution is added into a liquid storage cavity of the atomizer, the second mixed solution is atomized by the atomizer and sprayed into the cover body, the atomization treatment time is 10-20 min, the cutting is taken out after the atomization treatment, the lower part of the cutting is wrapped by moss, the cutting is taken out after being stored in a refrigerator for 8-10 min, and the atomization and refrigeration are repeated for 2-4 times to obtain the pretreated cutting;
the second mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-11 parts by weight of wormwood extracting solution, 3-8 parts by weight of centella asiatica extracting solution, 2-6 parts by weight of herba lycopi extracting solution, 7-12 parts by weight of garlic extracting solution, 5-9 parts by weight of ginger extracting solution, 1-5 parts by weight of daisy extracting solution, 20-30 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of cytokinin, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of brassinolide and 0.1-0.3 part by weight of jasmonic acid;
3) cutting
Step five, coating a layer of vaseline on the part below the upper end of the spiral groove of the pretreated cutting, and then putting the part into a hollow barrel body made of polylactic acid with a sealed bottom, so as to ensure that the part coated with the vaseline is positioned in the barrel body; weighing 30-40 parts by weight of the cutting matrix, 0.04-0.08 part by weight of penicillium, 0.02-0.06 part by weight of proteinase K, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of gibberellin with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/L and 0.1-0.3 part by weight of indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 1000-2000 mg/L, mixing, fully stirring for 20-30 min, adding 4-5 parts by weight of the first mixed solution, 4-5 parts by weight of the second mixed solution and 18-25 parts by weight of distilled water, fully stirring for 30-40 min to obtain a fourth mixture, spreading the fourth mixture on a continuous superheated steam dryer conveyor belt, paving the fourth mixture with the thickness of 1-3 cm, drying for 10-30 min at 135-200 ℃, then crushing to prepare a nutritional fertilizer with the particle size of 0.1-0.3 cm, filling the nutritional fertilizer into the barrel body, and ensuring that the parts coated with vaseline are all positioned in the nutritional fertilizer, a layer of wax gourd pulp is laid on the upper surface of the nutrient fertilizer, and a plurality of vent holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the cylinder body to obtain a material to be cut;
step six, paving 5-8 cm thick cuttage matrix on a seedbed, digging a plurality of cylindrical cuttage grooves with equal intervals on the upper surface of the cuttage matrix, putting the to-be-cuttage objects obtained in the step four into the cuttage grooves, keeping the height of the cylinder lower than that of the cuttage grooves, enabling the cylinder to be located in the cuttage grooves, filling the cuttage grooves with the cuttage matrix, and spraying 0.2-0.4 part by weight of naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 2000-2500 mg/L onto the upper surface of the cuttage grooves.
Preferably, the cutting seedling method of caribbean pine further comprises:
and seventhly, setting up a shading shed to shade the cutting slips 8-10 days after cuttage, spraying a layer of water on the surface of the seedbed every 2-4 days, simultaneously spraying 0.1-0.2 part by weight of 0.5-1 per thousand potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of 2000-2500 mg/L sodium naphthalene acetate solution and 0.5-0.8 part by weight of 1-3 per thousand urea solution on the upper surface of the cuttage groove, and transplanting the cutting slips when the length of the cuttage slips is as high as 30-50 cm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fermentation material comprises the following steps: respectively crushing 8-14 parts by weight of corn straw, 5-10 parts by weight of duckweed, 12-18 parts by weight of cucumber stem and 15-22 parts by weight of peanut straw, and mixing to obtain a mixture A; respectively crushing 6-12 parts by weight of mango kernels, 3-8 parts by weight of apple peels, 2-6 parts by weight of passion fruit peels, 3-8 parts by weight of orange peels, 1-3 parts by weight of snow lotus peels and 2-7 parts by weight of banana peels, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; and fully mixing the mixture A, the mixture B, 1-3 parts by weight of needle mushroom residues, 3-8 parts by weight of soybean meal, 5-9 parts by weight of tea leaf residues, 10-16 parts by weight of expired yoghourt, 1-3 parts by weight of sodium chloride and 2-4 parts by weight of vinegar residues, sealing and fermenting for 6-10 days, stirring once every 2 days, and simultaneously adding 0.3-0.7 part by weight of enzyme bacteria into a fermented product to obtain the fermented material.
Preferably, in the cutting seedling method of the Caribbean pine, the height ratio of the cylinder body to the cutting groove is 0.8:1, and the diameter ratio is 0.9: 1.
Preferably, in the cutting seedling method of the caribbean pine, in the sixth step, the seedbed is pretreated before the cutting medium is spread on the seedbed, specifically: and placing the seedbed under sunlight for 1-3 days, splashing lime water into the seedbed according to the amount of 200g/m2, continuously exposing for 1-3 days, then splashing the soaking liquid into the seedbed according to the amount of 200g/m2, and continuously exposing for 1-3 days to obtain the plant growth regulator.
Preferably, in the cutting seedling method of the Caribbean pine, the spectrum pesticide is carbendazim.
Preferably, in the cutting seedling method of the Caribbean pine, the length of the spiral groove is 0.5-1 cm.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, a first mixture consisting of dry pine needles, cottonseed hulls, peanut hulls, bagasse, sawdust and the like in the cuttage matrix provided by the invention has good water absorption and fluffiness, the first mixture is further subjected to soaking, disinfection, sterilization and puffing treatment, the water absorption and air permeability of the cuttage matrix can be improved, substances with good water retention such as konjac flour, agar powder and resin hydrogel are further added into the cuttage matrix, and humus soil, sandy soil, river sand and perlite provide proper sandy soil for cutting slips of Caribbean pine; soaking the third mixture into the first mixed solution, placing the first mixed solution in a low-temperature box for freezing, then exposing the mixture to the sun, crushing the mixture, and obtaining a cutting matrix through low-temperature freezing and exposing the mixture to the sun, wherein the cutting matrix is finer and has higher porosity, the water retention and air permeability of the cutting matrix can be improved, the rooting rate and the survival rate of the cutting slips of the Caribbean pine can be improved, the rooting period of the cutting slips of the Caribbean pine is shortened, and the seedling raising speed is accelerated;
secondly, cutting a spiral groove at the lower part of the cutting shoot, and carrying out atomization treatment on the lower part of the cutting shoot, wherein the wormwood extracting solution, the centella asiatica extracting solution, the herba lycopi extracting solution, the garlic extracting solution, the ginger extracting solution, the daisy extracting solution and the absolute ethyl alcohol in the second mixed solution can be used for carrying out disinfection and sterilization treatment on the lower part of the cutting shoot, so that the capacities of resisting diseases and insect pests and inhibiting bacteria of the cutting shoot are enhanced, and the activity and the rooting rate of the cutting shoot can be enhanced by cytokinin, brassinolide and jasmonic acid; the scratching treatment can stimulate cell tissues at the lower part of the cutting slips and promote the absorption of atomized particles of the atomized second mixed solution; according to the method, the lower part of the cutting slip is atomized, the lower part of the cutting slip is exposed in atomized particles, aerobic respiration can be well carried out on the lower part of the cutting slip, the cutting slip can be better and more uniformly contacted with the atomized particles, the utilization rate of a second mixed solution is greatly improved, the absorption of the cutting slip on the effective substances is faster and more, the activity and the rooting rate of the cutting slip are finally enhanced, meanwhile, the rooting speed can be accelerated, and the seedling raising period is shortened;
thirdly, coating Vaseline protective film on the exterior of the pretreated cutting slips to prevent the invasion of external pathogenic bacteria, then putting the cutting slips into a barrel, filling nutrient fertilizer between the barrel and the cutting slips, wherein the barrel and the nutrient fertilizer form a cylindrical protective sleeve on the exterior of the cutting slips, so that the cutting damage or even breakage of the lower parts of the cutting slips by cutting matrix or other hard substances in the cutting process is avoided, the survival rate of the cutting slips is improved, the nutrient fertilizer is made into particles, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the barrel, certain air permeability is ensured, the nutrient fertilizer contains various nutrient substances and growth factors necessary for rooting of the cutting slips, and meanwhile, the nutrient fertilizer also contains penicillium and proteinase K to accelerate the degradation of the barrel made of polylactic acid materials;
and fourthly, the domestic garbage is used as the raw material of the fermentation material, the waste is utilized, the price is low, the method is easy to obtain, the green and environment-friendly concept advocated by the current society is met, the cost is further reduced by selecting the expired yoghourt and the vinegar residue as the fermentation bacteria, and the fermentation of the fermentation material can be more sufficient and complete.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
< example 1>
A cutting seedling raising method for Caribbean pine comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of cutting substrate
Weighing 3 parts by weight of dry pine needles, 4 parts by weight of cottonseed hulls, 2 parts by weight of peanut hulls, 1 part by weight of bagasse, 1 part by weight of sawdust, 5 parts by weight of wormwood leaves, 6 parts by weight of paper scraps and 9 parts by weight of corn straws, respectively crushing and mixing to obtain a first mixture, soaking the first mixture in a soaking solution for 10 hours, introducing nitrogen into the soaking solution every 5 hours, taking out the first mixture from the soaking solution after soaking, spreading the first mixture under the sun for 2 days, and then placing the first mixture in a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a second mixture;
the soaking solution comprises garlic powder, onion powder, ginger powder and distilled water in a weight ratio of 2:1.8:3: 10;
mixing the second mixture with 0.4 weight part of konjac flour, 0.3 weight part of agar powder, 1 weight part of brick powder, 1 weight part of green algae, 1 weight part of seaweed, 1 weight part of moss, 0.3 weight part of resin hydrogel, 0.2 weight part of chitosan, 0.1 weight part of hyaluronic acid, 8 weight parts of humus soil, 9 weight parts of sandy soil, 7 weight parts of fine river sand, 10 weight parts of perlite, 6 weight parts of shaddock inner skin powder, 1 weight part of white gourd pulp, 2 weight parts of animal bone powder, 3 weight parts of waste coal cinder and 5 weight parts of fermentation material, and fully stirring for 20min to obtain a third mixture;
the preparation method of the fermentation material comprises the following steps: respectively crushing 8 parts by weight of corn straw, 5 parts by weight of duckweed, 12 parts by weight of cucumber stem and 15 parts by weight of peanut straw, and mixing to obtain a mixture A; respectively crushing 6 parts by weight of mango seeds, 3 parts by weight of apple peels, 2 parts by weight of passion fruit peels, 3 parts by weight of orange peels, 1 part by weight of snow lotus peels and 2 parts by weight of banana peels, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; fully mixing the mixture A and the mixture B with 1 part by weight of needle mushroom residues, 3 parts by weight of soybean meal, 5 parts by weight of tea residues, 10 parts by weight of expired yoghurt, 1 part by weight of sodium chloride and 2 parts by weight of vinegar residues, sealing and fermenting for 6 days, stirring once every 2 days, and simultaneously adding 0.3 part by weight of enzyme bacteria into a fermented product to obtain the fermented material;
putting the third mixture into a cubic container, adding 10 parts by weight of the first mixed solution into the container, fully stirring for 5min, and then placing the container into a low-temperature box at-20 ℃ for storage until the third mixture and the first mixed solution are frozen into a square; taking out the cubic blocks, placing the cubic blocks under sunlight for insolation until the water content of the cubic blocks is 5%, and then crushing the exposed cubic blocks and screening the cubic blocks by a 80-mesh screen to obtain the cuttage matrix;
the first mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts by weight of buddleia extract, 3 parts by weight of pyrethrum extract, 3 parts by weight of balsam pear vine extract, 16 parts by weight of tea water, 20 parts by weight of rice washing water, 2 parts by weight of bamboo vinegar, 1 part by weight of carbendazim and 12 parts by weight of molasses fermentation liquor;
2) pretreatment of cutting
Step four, cutting a 3-4 month current-year-old semi-lignified young shoot of the Caribbean pine as a cutting shoot, cutting the length of the cutting shoot to be 15cm, reserving 3 buds, reserving leaves at the top end of the shoot, and arranging a slope with a smooth cut at the lower end of the cutting shoot; putting the cutting slips under flowing water, washing the cutting slips clean, and then circularly cutting a spiral groove extending along the length direction of the cutting slips on the outer surface of the cutting slips close to the lower part, wherein the length of the spiral groove is 0.5 cm; placing the lower part of the cutting into a sealed transparent cover body, wherein the spiral groove is positioned in the cover body, the lower part of the cover body is provided with an air inlet, the upper part of the cover body is provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an atomizer, adding a second mixed solution into a liquid storage cavity of the atomizer, atomizing the second mixed solution through the atomizer and spraying the second mixed solution into the cover body, wherein the atomization treatment time is 10min, taking out the cutting after the atomization treatment, wrapping the lower part of the cutting with moss, placing the cutting in a refrigerator for preservation for 8min, taking out the cutting, and repeating the atomization and the refrigeration for 2 times to obtain the pretreated cutting;
the second mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts by weight of wormwood extracting solution, 3 parts by weight of centella asiatica extracting solution, 2 parts by weight of herba lycopi extracting solution, 7 parts by weight of garlic extracting solution, 5 parts by weight of ginger extracting solution, 1 part by weight of daisy extracting solution, 20 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.1 part by weight of cytokinin, 0.1 part by weight of brassinolide and 0.1 part by weight of jasmonic acid;
3) cutting
Step five, coating a layer of vaseline on the part below the upper end of the spiral groove of the pretreated cutting, and then putting the part into a hollow barrel body made of polylactic acid with a sealed bottom, so as to ensure that the part coated with the vaseline is positioned in the barrel body; weighing 30 parts by weight of the cutting matrix, 0.04 part by weight of penicillium, 0.02 part by weight of proteinase K, 0.1 part by weight of gibberellin with the concentration of 800mg/L and 0.1 part by weight of indoleacetic acid, mixing the materials for 20min by full stirring, adding 4 parts by weight of the first mixed solution, 4 parts by weight of the second mixed solution and 18 parts by weight of distilled water, fully stirring for 30min to obtain a fourth mixture, spreading the fourth mixture on a conveyer belt of a continuous superheated steam dryer, drying the mixture for 10min at 135 ℃, then crushing the mixture to prepare a nutrient fertilizer with the particle size of 0.1cm, filling the nutrient fertilizer into the barrel, ensuring that positions coated with vaseline are all positioned in the nutrient fertilizer, spreading a layer of wax gourd pulp on the upper surface of the nutrient fertilizer, and arranging a plurality of vent holes on the circumferential surface of the barrel, obtaining a to-be-cut object;
step six, paving the cuttage substrate with the thickness of 5cm on a seedbed, digging a plurality of cylindrical cuttage grooves with equal intervals on the upper surface of the cuttage substrate, putting the to-be-cuttage objects obtained in the step four into the cuttage grooves, and keeping the height of the cylinder body lower than that of the cuttage grooves, so that the cylinder body is positioned in the cuttage grooves, wherein the height ratio of the cylinder body to the cuttage grooves is 0.8:1, and the diameter ratio is 0.9: 1; filling the cuttage groove with the cuttage matrix, and spraying 0.2 part by weight of naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 2000mg/L on the upper surface of the cuttage groove;
wherein, before tiling the cuttage matrix on the seedbed, carry out the preliminary treatment to the seedbed, specifically do: placing the seedbed under sunlight for 1 day, and exposing to 200g/m2Splashing limewater, continuously insolating for 1 day, and placing into seedbed at a ratio of 200g/m2The soaking solution is sprinkled, and the sun exposure is continued for 1 day to obtain the product;
4) post-cuttage management
And seventhly, setting up a shading shed to shade the cutting slips 8 days after cutting, spraying a layer of water on the surface of the seedbed every 2 days, simultaneously spraying 0.1 part by weight of 0.5 per thousand potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.2 part by weight of 2000mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate solution and 0.5 part by weight of 1 per thousand urea solution on the upper surface of the cutting groove, and transplanting the cutting slips when the length of the cutting slips is as high as 30 cm.
< example 2>
A cutting seedling raising method for Caribbean pine comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of cutting substrate
Weighing 6 parts by weight of dry pine needles, 8 parts by weight of cottonseed hulls, 5 parts by weight of peanut hulls, 4 parts by weight of bagasse, 3 parts by weight of sawdust, 9 parts by weight of wormwood leaves, 10 parts by weight of paper scraps and 13 parts by weight of corn straws, respectively crushing and mixing to obtain a first mixture, soaking the first mixture in a soaking solution for 20 hours, introducing nitrogen into the soaking solution every 5 hours, taking out the first mixture from the soaking solution after soaking, spreading the first mixture under the sun for 4 days, and then placing the first mixture in a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a second mixture;
the soaking solution comprises garlic powder, onion powder, ginger powder and distilled water in a weight ratio of 2:1.8:3: 10;
mixing the second mixture with 1 weight part of konjac flour, 0.9 weight part of agar powder, 1.6 weight parts of brick powder, 3 weight parts of green algae, 3 weight parts of seaweed, 3 weight parts of moss, 0.8 weight part of resin hydrogel, 0.4 weight part of chitosan, 0.3 weight part of hyaluronic acid, 14 weight parts of humus soil, 15 weight parts of sandy soil, 18 weight parts of fine river sand, 22 weight parts of perlite, 15 weight parts of grapefruit inner skin powder, 3 weight parts of white gourd pulp, 4 weight parts of animal bone powder, 8 weight parts of waste coal cinder and 10 weight parts of fermentation material, and fully stirring for 30min to obtain a third mixture;
the preparation method of the fermentation material comprises the following steps: respectively crushing 14 parts by weight of corn straw, 10 parts by weight of duckweed, 18 parts by weight of cucumber stem and 22 parts by weight of peanut straw, and mixing to obtain a mixture A; respectively crushing and uniformly mixing 12 parts by weight of mango seeds, 8 parts by weight of apple peels, 6 parts by weight of passion fruit peels, 8 parts by weight of orange peels, 3 parts by weight of snow lotus fruit peels and 7 parts by weight of banana peels to obtain a mixture B; fully mixing the mixture A and the mixture B with 3 parts by weight of needle mushroom residues, 8 parts by weight of soybean meal, 9 parts by weight of tea residues, 16 parts by weight of expired yoghurt, 3 parts by weight of sodium chloride and 4 parts by weight of vinegar residues, sealing and fermenting for 10 days, stirring once every 2 days, and simultaneously adding 0.7 part by weight of enzyme bacteria into a fermented product to obtain the fermented material;
putting the third mixture into a cubic container, adding 18 parts by weight of the first mixed solution into the container, fully stirring for 8min, and then placing the container into a low-temperature box at-10 ℃ for storage until the third mixture and the first mixed solution are frozen into a square; taking out the cubic blocks, exposing the cubic blocks to sunlight until the water content of the cubic blocks is 10%, and then crushing the exposed cubic blocks through a 100-mesh screen to obtain the cuttage matrix;
the first mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts by weight of buddleia extract, 8 parts by weight of pyrethrum extract, 8 parts by weight of balsam pear vine extract, 24 parts by weight of tea water, 28 parts by weight of rice washing water, 6 parts by weight of bamboo vinegar, 3 parts by weight of carbendazim and 18 parts by weight of molasses fermentation liquor;
2) pretreatment of cutting
Step four, cutting a current-year-old semi-lignified young shoot of the Caribbean pine as a cutting shoot, wherein the cutting length is 20cm, 4 buds are reserved, leaves at the top end of the shoot are reserved, and the lower end of the cutting shoot is an inclined plane with a smooth cut; putting the cutting slips under flowing water, washing the cutting slips clean, and then circularly cutting a spiral groove extending along the length direction of the cutting slips on the outer surface of the cutting slips close to the lower part, wherein the length of the spiral groove is 1 cm; placing the lower part of the cutting into a sealed transparent cover body, wherein the spiral groove is positioned in the cover body, the lower part of the cover body is provided with an air inlet, the upper part of the cover body is provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an atomizer, adding a second mixed solution into a liquid storage cavity of the atomizer, atomizing the second mixed solution through the atomizer and spraying the second mixed solution into the cover body, wherein the atomization treatment time is 20min, taking out the cutting after the atomization treatment, wrapping the lower part of the cutting with moss, placing the cutting in a refrigerator for preservation for 10min, taking out the cutting, and repeating the atomization and the refrigeration for 4 times to obtain the pretreated cutting;
the second mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts by weight of wormwood extracting solution, 8 parts by weight of asiatic pennywort herb extracting solution, 6 parts by weight of herba lycopi extracting solution, 12 parts by weight of garlic extracting solution, 9 parts by weight of ginger extracting solution, 5 parts by weight of daisy extracting solution, 30 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.3 part by weight of cytokinin, 0.3 part by weight of brassinolide and 0.3 part by weight of jasmonic acid;
3) cutting
Step five, coating a layer of vaseline on the part below the upper end of the spiral groove of the pretreated cutting, and then putting the part into a hollow barrel body made of polylactic acid with a sealed bottom, so as to ensure that the part coated with the vaseline is positioned in the barrel body; weighing 40 parts by weight of the cutting matrix, 0.08 part by weight of penicillium, 0.06 part by weight of proteinase K, 0.3 part by weight of gibberellin with the concentration of 1000mg/L and 0.3 part by weight of indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 2000mg/L, mixing for 30min after fully stirring, adding 5 parts by weight of the first mixed solution, 5 parts by weight of the second mixed solution and 25 parts by weight of distilled water, fully stirring for 40min to obtain a fourth mixture, spreading the fourth mixture on a conveyer belt of a continuous superheated steam dryer, paving the fourth mixture to a thickness of 3cm, drying for 30min at 200 ℃, then crushing to prepare a nutrient fertilizer with the particle size of 0.3cm, filling the nutrient fertilizer into the barrel, ensuring that positions coated with vaseline are all positioned in the nutrient fertilizer, spreading a layer of wax gourd pulp on the upper surface of the nutrient fertilizer, and arranging a plurality of vent holes on the circumferential surface of the barrel, obtaining a to-be-cut object;
step six, paving the cuttage substrate with the thickness of 8cm on a seedbed, digging a plurality of cylindrical cuttage grooves with equal intervals on the upper surface of the cuttage substrate, putting the to-be-cuttage objects obtained in the step four into the cuttage grooves, and keeping the height of the cylinder body lower than that of the cuttage grooves, so that the cylinder body is positioned in the cuttage grooves, wherein the height ratio of the cylinder body to the cuttage grooves is 0.8:1, and the diameter ratio is 0.9: 1; filling the cutting groove with the cutting medium, and spraying 0.4 part by weight of naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 2500mg/L on the upper surface of the cutting groove;
wherein, before tiling the cuttage matrix on the seedbed, carry out the preliminary treatment to the seedbed, specifically do: placing the seedbed under sunlight for 3 days, and exposing to 200g/m2Splashing limewater, continuously insolating for 3 days, and placing into seedbed at a ratio of 200g/m2The soaking solution is sprinkled, and the sun exposure is continued for 3 days to obtain the product;
4) post-cuttage management
And seventhly, setting up a shading shed to shade the cutting slips 10 days after cutting, spraying a layer of water to the surface of the seedbed every 4 days, simultaneously spraying 0.2 part by weight of 1 per mill of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.4 part by weight of 2500mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate solution and 0.8 part by weight of 3 per mill of urea solution to the upper surface of the cutting groove, and transplanting the cutting slips when the length of the cutting slips is as high as 50 cm.
< example 3>
A cutting seedling raising method for Caribbean pine comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of cutting substrate
Weighing 5 parts by weight of dry pine needles, 6 parts by weight of cottonseed hulls, 4 parts by weight of peanut hulls, 3 parts by weight of bagasse, 2 parts by weight of sawdust, 7 parts by weight of wormwood leaves, 8 parts by weight of paper scraps and 11 parts by weight of corn straws, respectively crushing and mixing to obtain a first mixture, soaking the first mixture in a soaking solution for 15 hours, introducing nitrogen into the soaking solution every 5 hours, taking out the first mixture from the soaking solution after soaking, spreading the first mixture under the sun for 3 days, and then placing the first mixture in a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a second mixture;
the soaking solution comprises garlic powder, onion powder, ginger powder and distilled water in a weight ratio of 2:1.8:3: 10;
mixing the second mixture with 0.7 weight part of konjac flour, 0.6 weight part of agar powder, 1.63 weight parts of brick powder, 2 weight parts of green algae, 2 weight parts of seaweed, 2 weight parts of moss, 0.6 weight part of resin hydrogel, 0.3 weight part of chitosan, 0.2 weight part of hyaluronic acid, 11 weight parts of humus soil, 12 weight parts of sandy soil, 12 weight parts of fine river sand, 16 weight parts of perlite, 11 weight parts of grapefruit inner skin powder, 2 weight parts of white gourd pulp, 3 weight parts of animal bone powder, 6 weight parts of waste coal cinder and 8 weight parts of fermentation material, and fully stirring for 25min to obtain a third mixture;
the preparation method of the fermentation material comprises the following steps: respectively crushing 11 parts by weight of corn straw, 8 parts by weight of duckweed, 15 parts by weight of cucumber stem and 19 parts by weight of peanut straw, and mixing to obtain a mixture A; respectively crushing 9 parts by weight of mango seeds, 6 parts by weight of apple peels, 4 parts by weight of passion fruit peels, 6 parts by weight of orange peels, 2 parts by weight of snow lotus peels and 5 parts by weight of banana peels, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; fully mixing the mixture A and the mixture B with 2 parts by weight of needle mushroom residues, 6 parts by weight of soybean meal, 7 parts by weight of tea residues, 13 parts by weight of expired yoghurt, 2 parts by weight of sodium chloride and 3 parts by weight of vinegar residues, sealing and fermenting for 8 days, stirring once every 2 days, and simultaneously adding 0.5 part by weight of enzyme bacteria into a fermented product to obtain the fermented material;
putting the third mixture into a cubic container, adding 14 parts by weight of the first mixed solution into the container, fully stirring for 7min, and then placing the container into a low-temperature box at-15 ℃ for storage until the third mixture and the first mixed solution are frozen into a square; taking out the cubic blocks, exposing the cubic blocks to sunlight until the water content of the cubic blocks is 8%, and then crushing the exposed cubic blocks and screening the cubic blocks by a 90-mesh screen to obtain the cuttage matrix;
the first mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts by weight of buddleia extract, 6 parts by weight of pyrethrum extract, 6 parts by weight of balsam pear vine extract, 20 parts by weight of tea water, 24 parts by weight of rice washing water, 4 parts by weight of bamboo vinegar, 2 parts by weight of carbendazim and 15 parts by weight of molasses fermentation liquor;
2) pretreatment of cutting
Step four, cutting a 3-4 month current-year-old semi-lignified young shoot of the Caribbean pine as a cutting shoot, cutting the length of the cutting shoot to be 18cm, reserving 3 buds, reserving leaves at the top end of the shoot, and arranging a slope with a smooth cut at the lower end of the cutting shoot; putting the cutting slips under flowing water, washing the cutting slips clean, and then circularly cutting a spiral groove extending along the length direction of the cutting slips on the outer surface of the cutting slips close to the lower part, wherein the length of the spiral groove is 0.8 cm; placing the lower part of the cutting into a sealed transparent cover body, wherein the spiral groove is positioned in the cover body, the lower part of the cover body is provided with an air inlet, the upper part of the cover body is provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an atomizer, adding a second mixed solution into a liquid storage cavity of the atomizer, atomizing the second mixed solution through the atomizer and spraying the second mixed solution into the cover body, wherein the atomization treatment time is 15min, taking out the cutting after the atomization treatment, wrapping the lower part of the cutting with moss, placing the cutting in a refrigerator for preservation for 9min, then taking out the cutting, and repeating the atomization and the refrigeration for 3 times to obtain the pretreated cutting;
the second mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts by weight of wormwood extracting solution, 5 parts by weight of centella asiatica extracting solution, 4 parts by weight of herba lycopi extracting solution, 10 parts by weight of garlic extracting solution, 7 parts by weight of ginger extracting solution, 3 parts by weight of daisy extracting solution, 25 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.2 part by weight of cytokinin, 0.2 part by weight of brassinolide and 0.2 part by weight of jasmonic acid;
3) cutting
Step five, coating a layer of vaseline on the part below the upper end of the spiral groove of the pretreated cutting, and then putting the part into a hollow barrel body made of polylactic acid with a sealed bottom, so as to ensure that the part coated with the vaseline is positioned in the barrel body; weighing 35 parts by weight of the cutting matrix, 0.06 part by weight of penicillium, 0.04 part by weight of proteinase K, 0.2 part by weight of gibberellin with the concentration of 900mg/L and 0.2 part by weight of indoleacetic acid, mixing the mixture for 25min by fully stirring, adding 4 parts by weight of the first mixed solution, 4 parts by weight of the second mixed solution and 22 parts by weight of distilled water, fully stirring for 35min to obtain a fourth mixture, spreading the fourth mixture on a conveyer belt of a continuous superheated steam dryer, paving the thickness of the fourth mixture to be 2cm, drying the mixture for 20min at 165 ℃, then crushing the mixture to prepare a nutrient fertilizer with the particle size of 0.2cm, filling the nutrient fertilizer into the barrel, ensuring that positions coated with vaseline are all positioned in the nutrient fertilizer, spreading a layer of wax gourd pulp on the upper surface of the nutrient fertilizer, and arranging a plurality of vent holes on the circumferential surface of the barrel, obtaining a to-be-cut object;
step six, paving the cuttage substrate with the thickness of 5-8 cm on a seedbed, digging a plurality of cylindrical cuttage grooves with equal intervals on the upper surface of the cuttage substrate, putting the to-be-cuttage objects obtained in the step four into the cuttage grooves, and keeping the height of the cylinder lower than that of the cuttage grooves, so that the cylinder is positioned in the cuttage grooves, wherein the height ratio of the cylinder to the cuttage grooves is 0.8:1, and the diameter ratio is 0.9: 1; filling the cutting groove with the cutting medium, and spraying 0.3 part by weight of naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 2300mg/L on the upper surface of the cutting groove;
wherein, before tiling the cuttage matrix on the seedbed, carry out the preliminary treatment to the seedbed, specifically do: placing the seedbed under sunlight for 2 days, and exposing to 200g/m2Splashing limewater, continuously insolating for 2 days, and placing into seedbed at a ratio of 200g/m2The soaking solution is sprinkled, and the sun exposure is continued for 2 days to obtain the product;
4) post-cuttage management
Seventhly, setting up a shading shed to shade the cutting slips after 9 days of cutting, spraying a layer of water to the surface of the seedbed every 3 days, simultaneously spraying 0.1 part by weight of 0.8 per thousand of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.3 part by weight of 2300mg/L of sodium naphthaleneacetate solution and 0.7 part by weight of 2 per thousand of urea solution to the upper surface of the cutting groove, and transplanting the cutting slips when the length of the cutting slips is up to 40 cm.
< example 4>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that a commercial pine seedling raising substrate is selected as a cutting substrate; the remaining steps and parameters were the same as in example 3.
< example 5>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the step one, a first mixture is directly placed in a bulking machine for bulking without being soaked by a soaking solution to obtain a second mixture; the remaining steps and parameters were the same as in example 3.
< example 6>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the first step, a first mixture is soaked in a soaking solution, and a second mixture is obtained without bulking treatment of a bulking machine after insolation; the remaining steps and parameters were the same as in example 3.
< example 7>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that 1) in the preparation of cutting medium, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of directly mixing 0.4-1 part by weight of konjac flour, 0.3-0.9 part by weight of agar powder, 1-1.6 parts by weight of clay brick powder, 1-3 parts by weight of green algae, 1-3 parts by weight of seaweed, 1-3 parts by weight of moss, 0.3-0.8 part by weight of resin hydrogel, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of chitosan, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of hyaluronic acid, 8-14 parts by weight of humus soil, 9-15 parts by weight of sandy soil, 7-18 parts by weight of fine river sand, 10-22 parts by weight of perlite, 6-15 parts by weight of grapefruit peel powder, 1-3 parts by weight of white gourd pulp, 2-4 parts by weight of animal bone powder, 3-8 parts by weight of waste coal cinder and 5-10 parts by weight of fermentation material, and fully stirring for 20-30 min to obtain a third mixture; the remaining steps and parameters were the same as in example 3.
< example 8>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the step two, no fermentation material is added into the third mixture, and the rest steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 9>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the third step, a third mixture is directly mixed with the first mixed solution, the mixture is fully stirred, dried, crushed and sieved to obtain a cutting medium, and the other steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 10>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from embodiment 3 in that in the third step, the third mixture is mixed with 10-18 parts by weight of distilled water, fully stirred, dried, crushed and sieved to obtain a cutting medium, and the other steps and parameters are the same as embodiment 3.
< example 11>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the fourth step, the lower part of the cutting slip is directly placed in a sealed transparent cover body after being cleaned, atomization treatment is carried out to obtain the pretreated cutting slip, and other steps and parameters are the same as those of the fourth step
Example 3.
< example 12>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the fourth step, the cutting slips are cleaned and girdled and are directly soaked in indoleacetic acid of 1500mg/L, the cutting slips are taken out after 45min and are dried to obtain the pretreated cutting slips, and the rest steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 13>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the fourth step, the cutting slips are cleaned and the girdling is directly placed in the second mixed solution for soaking, the cutting slips are taken out after 45min and dried to obtain the pretreated cutting slips, and the other steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 14>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that in the fourth step, indoleacetic acid of 1500mg/L is selected to replace the second mixed solution, and the rest steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 15>
A cutting seedling raising method of caribbean pine, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that Vaseline is coated on the outer surface of the pretreated cutting shoot obtained in the step four and then the cutting shoot is directly inserted into a cutting medium, and the other steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 16>
A cutting seedling raising method of Caribbean pine is different from the embodiment 3 in that commercial pine fertilizer is selected to replace nutrient fertilizer, and the rest steps and parameters are the same as the embodiment 3.
< example 17>
Adopting a conventional technical method to perform the cutting seedling raising of the Caribbean pine.
< comparative example 1>
The method provided by the embodiments 3-17 of the invention is respectively adopted to perform the cutting seedling raising of the Caribbean pine, the time (counted from the day of cutting) for rooting is respectively counted, the rooting rate and the survival rate after 40 days of cutting are respectively counted, 2 buds newly grown are taken as roots, and the counting result is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 statistical results
| Rooting percentage (%) | Survival rate (%) | Time to start rooting (Tian) | |
| Example 3 | 99 | 99 | 22 |
| Example 4 | 70 | 67 | 36 |
| Example 5 | 94 | 93 | 24 |
| Example 6 | 92 | 89 | 25 |
| Example 7 | 90 | 85 | 26 |
| Example 8 | 91 | 87 | 25 |
| Example 9 | 85 | 78 | 28 |
| Example 10 | 88 | 83 | 27 |
| Example 11 | 70 | 61 | 35 |
| Example 12 | 89 | 84 | 26 |
| Examples13 | 78 | 73 | 31 |
| Example 14 | 82 | 77 | 29 |
| Example 15 | 72 | 66 | 35 |
| Example 16 | 90 | 80 | 26 |
| Example 17 | 50 | 49 | 45 |
As can be seen from table 1, compared with the conventional cutting seedling method adopted in example 17, the method for raising seedlings by cutting of caribbean provided in example 3 of the present invention greatly increases the rooting rate and survival rate of seedlings, and the seedlings after rooting are relatively stable, and the rooting time is greatly shortened;
compared with the embodiment 3, the common substrate is selected as the cutting substrate (embodiment 4); the first mixture was not pretreated by soaking (example 5), puffing (example 6); the first mixture was not added to the cutting medium (example 7); no starter feed was added (example 8); the cutting medium was not frozen (example 9); and replacing the first mixed solution with distilled water; the activity of the cutting shoots is reduced, the rooting rate and the survival rate are reduced, and the rooting time is greatly prolonged; compared with example 3, the lower part of the cutting is not subjected to girdling (example 11); the cutting after girdling is not atomized (example 12) and (example 13); the second mixture was replaced with commercially available indolylacetic acid (example 14); the rooting rate and survival rate of the cutting slips can be greatly reduced, and the rooting time is prolonged;
compared with the example 3, the lower part of the cutting is not sleeved with a protective sleeve formed by a barrel and a nutrient fertilizer (example 15); replacement of the nutrient fertilizer with a commercial fertilizer (example 16); but also can cause the reduction of the rooting rate and survival rate of the cutting slips and the extension of the rooting time;
therefore, the invention shows that 1) the cuttage matrix with rich and comprehensive nutrition is prepared, and the cuttage matrix is pretreated; 2) carrying out atomization disinfection sterilization pretreatment on the lower part of the cutting slips; 3) sleeving a barrel filled with nutrient fertilizer as a protective sleeve at the lower part of the cutting slips; finally, the effects of improving the rooting rate and survival rate of the cutting seedling of the Caribbean pine, shortening the rooting time and increasing the rooting quantity are achieved.
The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The cutting seedling raising method of the Caribbean pine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of cutting substrate
Weighing 3-6 parts by weight of dry pine needles, 4-8 parts by weight of cottonseed hulls, 2-5 parts by weight of peanut hulls, 1-4 parts by weight of bagasse, 1-3 parts by weight of sawdust, 5-9 parts by weight of wormwood leaves, 6-10 parts by weight of paper scraps and 9-13 parts by weight of corn straws, respectively crushing and mixing to obtain a first mixture, placing the first mixture in a soaking solution for soaking for 10-20 hours, introducing nitrogen into the soaking solution every 5 hours, taking out the first mixture from the soaking solution after soaking, placing the first mixture under the sun for insolation for 2-4 days, and then placing the first mixture in a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a second mixture;
the soaking solution comprises garlic powder, onion powder, ginger powder and distilled water in a weight ratio of 2:1.8:3: 10;
mixing the second mixture with 0.4-1 part by weight of konjac flour, 0.3-0.9 part by weight of agar powder, 1-1.6 parts by weight of clay brick powder, 1-3 parts by weight of green algae, 1-3 parts by weight of seaweed, 1-3 parts by weight of moss, 0.3-0.8 part by weight of resin hydrogel, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of chitosan, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of hyaluronic acid, 8-14 parts by weight of humus soil, 9-15 parts by weight of sandy soil, 7-18 parts by weight of fine river sand, 10-22 parts by weight of perlite, 6-15 parts by weight of grapefruit inner skin powder, 1-3 parts by weight of white gourd pulp, 2-4 parts by weight of animal bone powder, 3-8 parts by weight of waste coal cinder and 5-10 parts by weight of fermentation material, and fully stirring for 20-30 min to obtain a third mixture;
putting the third mixture into a cubic container, adding 10-18 parts by weight of the first mixed solution into the container, fully stirring for 5-8 min, and then putting the container into a low-temperature box at-20 to-10 ℃ for storage until the third mixture and the first mixed solution are frozen into a square; taking out the cubic blocks, exposing the cubic blocks to sunlight until the water content of the cubic blocks is 5-10%, and then crushing the exposed cubic blocks through a screen of 80-100 meshes to obtain the cuttage substrate;
the first mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts by weight of buddleia extract, 3-8 parts by weight of pyrethrum extract, 3-8 parts by weight of balsam pear vine extract, 16-24 parts by weight of tea water, 20-28 parts by weight of rice washing water, 2-6 parts by weight of bamboo vinegar, 1-3 parts by weight of spectrum pesticide and 12-18 parts by weight of molasses fermentation liquor;
2) pretreatment of cutting
Step four, cutting a 3-4 month current-year-old semi-lignified young shoot of the Caribbean pine as a cutting shoot, cutting the length of the cutting shoot to be 15-20 cm, reserving 3-4 buds, reserving leaves at the top end of the shoot, and arranging a smooth-cut inclined plane at the lower end of the cutting shoot; placing the cutting slips under flowing water to be washed clean, and then circularly cutting spiral grooves extending along the length direction of the cutting slips on the outer surfaces of the cutting slips close to the lower part; placing the lower part of the cutting into a sealed transparent cover body, wherein the spiral groove is positioned in the cover body, the lower part of the cover body is provided with an air inlet, the upper part of the cover body is provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with an air outlet pipe of an atomizer, a second mixed solution is added into a liquid storage cavity of the atomizer, the second mixed solution is atomized by the atomizer and sprayed into the cover body, the atomization treatment time is 10-20 min, the cutting is taken out after the atomization treatment, the lower part of the cutting is wrapped by moss, the cutting is taken out after being stored in a refrigerator for 8-10 min, and the atomization and refrigeration are repeated for 2-4 times to obtain the pretreated cutting;
the second mixed solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-11 parts by weight of wormwood extracting solution, 3-8 parts by weight of centella asiatica extracting solution, 2-6 parts by weight of herba lycopi extracting solution, 7-12 parts by weight of garlic extracting solution, 5-9 parts by weight of ginger extracting solution, 1-5 parts by weight of daisy extracting solution, 20-30 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of cytokinin, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of brassinolide and 0.1-0.3 part by weight of jasmonic acid;
3) cutting
Step five, coating a layer of vaseline on the part below the upper end of the spiral groove of the pretreated cutting, and then putting the part into a hollow barrel body made of polylactic acid with a sealed bottom, so as to ensure that the part coated with the vaseline is positioned in the barrel body; weighing 30-40 parts by weight of the cutting matrix, 0.04-0.08 part by weight of penicillium, 0.02-0.06 part by weight of proteinase K, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of gibberellin with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/L and 0.1-0.3 part by weight of indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 1000-2000 mg/L, mixing, fully stirring for 20-30 min, adding 4-5 parts by weight of the first mixed solution, 4-5 parts by weight of the second mixed solution and 18-25 parts by weight of distilled water, fully stirring for 30-40 min to obtain a fourth mixture, spreading the fourth mixture on a continuous superheated steam dryer conveyor belt, paving the fourth mixture with the thickness of 1-3 cm, drying for 10-30 min at 135-200 ℃, then crushing to prepare a nutritional fertilizer with the particle size of 0.1-0.3 cm, filling the nutritional fertilizer into the barrel body, and ensuring that the parts coated with vaseline are all positioned in the nutritional fertilizer, a layer of wax gourd pulp is laid on the upper surface of the nutrient fertilizer, and a plurality of vent holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the cylinder body to obtain a material to be cut;
step six, paving 5-8 cm thick cuttage matrix on a seedbed, digging a plurality of cylindrical cuttage grooves with equal intervals on the upper surface of the cuttage matrix, putting the to-be-cuttage objects obtained in the step four into the cuttage grooves, keeping the height of the cylinder lower than that of the cuttage grooves, enabling the cylinder to be located in the cuttage grooves, filling the cuttage grooves with the cuttage matrix, and spraying 0.2-0.4 part by weight of naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 2000-2500 mg/L onto the upper surface of the cuttage grooves.
2. The cutting seedling method of caribbean pine as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
and seventhly, setting up a shading shed to shade the cutting slips 8-10 days after cuttage, spraying a layer of water on the surface of the seedbed every 2-4 days, simultaneously spraying 0.1-0.2 part by weight of 0.5-1 per thousand potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of 2000-2500 mg/L sodium naphthalene acetate solution and 0.5-0.8 part by weight of 1-3 per thousand urea solution on the upper surface of the cuttage groove, and transplanting the cutting slips when the length of the cuttage slips is as high as 30-50 cm.
3. The cutting seedling method of Caribbean pine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the fermentation material comprises: respectively crushing 8-14 parts by weight of corn straw, 5-10 parts by weight of duckweed, 12-18 parts by weight of cucumber stem and 15-22 parts by weight of peanut straw, and mixing to obtain a mixture A; respectively crushing 6-12 parts by weight of mango kernels, 3-8 parts by weight of apple peels, 2-6 parts by weight of passion fruit peels, 3-8 parts by weight of orange peels, 1-3 parts by weight of snow lotus peels and 2-7 parts by weight of banana peels, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; and fully mixing the mixture A, the mixture B, 1-3 parts by weight of needle mushroom residues, 3-8 parts by weight of soybean meal, 5-9 parts by weight of tea leaf residues, 10-16 parts by weight of expired yoghourt, 1-3 parts by weight of sodium chloride and 2-4 parts by weight of vinegar residues, sealing and fermenting for 6-10 days, stirring once every 2 days, and simultaneously adding 0.3-0.7 part by weight of enzyme bacteria into a fermented product to obtain the fermented material.
4. The cutting seedling method of Caribbean pine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the height ratio of the cylinder body to the cutting groove is 0.8:1, and the diameter ratio is 0.9: 1.
5. The cutting seedling raising method of caribbean pine according to claim 4, wherein in the sixth step, the seedbed is pretreated before the cutting medium is spread on the seedbed, and specifically, the pretreatment comprises the following steps: placing the seedbed under the sunlight for 1-3 days, and exposing the seedbed into the seedbed according to the weight of 200g/m2Splashing limewater, continuously insolating for 1-3 days, and then pouring into the seedbed according to 200g/m2And (4) sprinkling the soaking solution, and continuously exposing for 1-3 days to obtain the product.
6. The cutting seedling method of Caribbean pine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the spectrum pesticide is carbendazim.
7. The cutting seedling method of Caribbean pine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the length of the spiral groove is 0.5-1 cm.
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